Yuan Dynasty (original) (raw)

Temple Names ( Miao Hao 廟號 miao4 hao4)

Posthumous Names ( Shi Hao 諡號 )

Khan Names

Born Names, first names in bold

Period of Reigns

Era Names (Nian Hao 年號) and their according range of years

Convention: use first name (e.g. Temujin) or Khan names for khans before Kublai Khan. Use "Yuan" + temple name or posthumous name after. A mix of the three for Kublai Khan.

Note: 1) all first names of the sovereigns were those more familiar to western readers. 2) Timur or Tem�r means the same Mongolian words but Tem�r will be used for avoiding confusion with the Timur (Timurlane or Tamerlane) who attempted to retore the Mongolian Empire in Central Asia.

Tai Zu (太祖 tai4 zu3)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Genghis Khan

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Temujin (孛兒只斤鐵木真 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 tie3 mu4 zhen1)

1206-1227

did not exist

Rui Zong (睿宗 rui4 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

?

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Tolui (孛兒只斤拖雷 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 tuo1 lei2)

1228

did not exist

Tai Zong (太宗 tai4 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Ogedei Khan

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Ogedei (孛兒只斤窩闊台 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 wo1 kuo4 tai2)

1229-1241

did not exist

did not exist

did not exist

?

T�regene Kh�t�n (乃馬真 nai3 ma3 zhen1)

regent 1241-1246

did not exist

Ding Zong (定宗 ding4 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

G�y�k Khan

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin G�y�k (孛兒只斤貴由 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 gui4 yuo2)

1246-1248

did not exist

did not exist

did not exist

?

Oghul Ghaymish (海米失 hai3 mi3 shi1)

regent 1248-1251

did not exist

Xian Zong (憲宗 xian4 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

M�ngke Khan

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin M�ngke (孛兒只斤蒙哥 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 meng2 ge1)

1251-1259

did not exist

Shi Zu (世祖 shi4 zu3)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Kublai Khan

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Kublai (孛兒只斤忽必烈 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 hu1 bi4 lie4)

1260-1294

Zhongtong (中統 zhong1 tong3) 1260-1264

Zhiyuan (至元 zhi4 yuan2) 1264-1294

Cheng Zong (成宗 cheng2 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Tem�r �ljeyt� Kh�n

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Tem�r (孛兒只斤鐵木耳 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 tie3 mu4 er2)

1295-1307

Yuanzhen (元貞 yuan2 zhen1) 1295-1297

Dade (大德 da4 de2) 1297-1307

Wu Zong (武宗 cheng2 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Qayshan G�l�k

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Qayshan (孛兒只斤海山 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 hai3 shan1)

1308-1311

Zhida (至大 zhi4 da4) 1308-1311

Ren Zong (仁宗 ren2 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Ayurparibhadra

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Ayurparibhadra (孛兒只斤愛育黎拔力八達 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 ai4 yu4 li2 ba2 li4 ba1 da2)

1312-1320

Huangqing (皇慶 huang2 qing4) 1312-1313

Yanyou (延祐 yan2 you4) 1314-1320

Ying Zong (英宗 ying1 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Suddhipala Gege'en

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Suddhipala (孛兒只斤碩德八剌 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 shuo4 de2 ba1 la2)

1321-1323

Zhizhi (至治 zhi4 zhi4) 1321-1323

Convention: 'for the following sovereign only_, use "yuan" + posthumous name, i.e. 元泰定帝 yuan2 tai4 ding4 di4._

Jin Zong (晉宗 jin4 zong1)

Tai Ding Di (泰定帝 tai4 ding4 di4)

Yes�n-Tem�r

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Yes�n-Tem�r (孛兒只斤也孫鐵木兒 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 ye3 sun1 tie3 mu4 er2)

1321-1328

Taiding (泰定 tai4 ding4) 1321-1328

Zhihe (致和 zhi4 he2) 1328

did not exist

Tian Shun Di (天順帝 tian1 shun4 di4)

Arigaba

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Arigaba (孛兒只斤阿速吉八 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 a1 su4 ji2 ba1)

1328

Tianshun (天順 tian1 shun4) 1328

Wen Zong (文宗 wen2 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Jijaghatu Toq-Tem�r

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Toq-Tem�r (孛兒只斤圖鐵木兒 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 tu2 tie3 mu4 er2)

1328-1329 and 1329-1332

Tianli (天曆 tian1 li4) 1328-1330

Zhishun (至順 zhi4 shun4) 1330-1332

Ming Zong (明宗 ming2 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Qoshila Qutuqtu

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Qoshila (孛兒只斤和世剌 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 he2 shi4 la4)

1329

did not exist

Ning Zong (寧宗 ning2 zong1)

too tedious; thus, not used when referring to this sovereign

Irinchibal

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Irinchibal (孛兒只斤懿璘質班 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 yi4 lin2 zhi2 ban1)

1332

Zhishun (至順 zhi4 shun4) 1332

Convention: 'for the following sovereign only_, use "yuan" + posthumous name._

Hui Zong (惠宗 hui4 zong1)

Shun Di (順帝 shun4 di4)

Toghan-Tem�r

Bei-Er-Zhi-Jin Toghan-Tem�r (孛兒只斤妥懽鐵木兒 bei4 er2 zhi1 jin1 tuo3 huan1 tie3 mu4 er2)

1333-1370

Zhishun (至順 zhi4 shun4) 1333

Yuantong (元統 yuan2 tong3) 1333-1335

Zhiyuan (至元 zhi4 yuan2) 1335-1340

Zhizheng (至正 zhi4 zheng4) 1341-1368

Zhiyuan (至元 zhi4 yuan2) 1368-1370