STATUS AND TRENDS IN MANGROVE AREA EXTENT WORLDWIDE (original) (raw)

| Mangrove area estimates | | | | | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------- | ------------- | ------------ | --------- | | | | Country/Area | Extent | | | | | | | | | | | Most recent, reliable mangrove area estimate | Mangrove area 1980 | Mangrove area 1990 | Annual change 1980-1990 | Mangrove area 2000 | Annual change 1990-2000 | | | | | | | ha | Ref Year | ha | ha | ha | % | ha | ha | % | | | | | Angola | 60 700 | 1992 | 125 000 | 71 400 | -5 360 | -5.4 | 59 700 | -1 170 | -1.8 | | | | Benin | 1 700 | 1989 | 4 400 | 1 400 | -300 | -10.8 | 1 080 | -32 | -2.6 | | | | Cameroon | 227 500 | 2000 | 267 000 | 248 000 | -1 900 | -0.7 | 229 000 | -1 900 | -0.8 | | | | Comoros | 2 600 | 1976 | 2 600 | 2 600 | n.s. | n.s. | 2 600 | 0 | n.s. | | | | Congo | 12 000 | 1995 | 30 000 | 20 000 | -1 000 | -4.0 | 11 900 | -810 | -5.1 | | | | C�te d'Ivoire | 15 000 | 1995 | 89 000 | 40 000 | -4 900 | -7.7 | 12 700 | -2 730 | -10.8 | | | | Dem. Rep. of the Congo | 22 600 | 1995 | 60 600 | 35 300 | -2 530 | -5.3 | 22 100 | -1 320 | -4.6 | | | | Djibouti | 1 000 | 1985 | 1 000 | 1 000 | n.s. | n.s. | 1 000 | 0 | n.s. | | | | Egypt | 482 | 1998 | 500 | 500 | n.s. | n.s. | 480 | -2 | -0.4 | | | | Equatorial Guinea | 25 700 | 1995 | 26 700 | 26 000 | -70 | -0.3 | 25 300 | -70 | -0.3 | | | | Eritrea | 6 400 | 1997 | 6 700 | 6 500 | -20 | -0.3 | 6 300 | -20 | -0.3 | | | | Gabon | 115 000 | 2000 | 140 000 | 127 500 | -1 250 | -0.9 | 115 000 | -1 250 | -1.0 | | | | Gambia | 59 600 | 1993 | 64 300 | 61 700 | -260 | -0.4 | 59 100 | -260 | -0.4 | | | | Ghana | 10 000 | 1995 | 12 000 | 11 000 | -100 | -0.9 | 9 000 | -200 | -2.0 | | | | Guinea | 296 300 | 1995 | 285 000 | 292 500 | 750 | 0.3 | 290 000 | -250 | -0.1 | | | | Guinea- Bissau | 248 400 | 1990 | 245 000 | 245 000 | n.s. | n.s. | 245 000 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Kenya | 52 980 | 1995 | 54 400 | 53 100 | -130 | -0.2 | 51 600 | -150 | -0.3 | | | | Liberia | 19 000 | 1995 | 19 000 | 19 000 | n.s. | n.s. | 19 000 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Madagascar | 325 560 | 1987 | 327 000 | 320 000 | -700 | -0.2 | 314 000 | -600 | -0.2 | | | | Mauritania | 104 | 1993 | 140 | 112 | -3 | -2.2 | 84 | -3 | -2.8 | | | | Mauritius | 7 | 1991 | 7 | 7 | n.s. | n.s. | 7 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Mayotte | 668 | 1989 | 670 | 670 | n.s. | n.s. | 670 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Mozambique | 392 749 | 1997 | 402 800 | 396 600 | -620 | -0.2 | 390 500 | -610 | -0.2 | | | | Nigeria | 997 700 | 1995 | 999 000 | 998 000 | -100 | n.s. | 997 000 | -100 | n.s. | | | | Sao Tome and Principe | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | | | | Senegal | 182 400 | 1985 | 175 000 | 175 800 | 80 | n.s. | 176 700 | 90 | 0.1 | | | | Seychelles | 2 000 | 1995 | 2 400 | 2 100 | -30 | -1.3 | 1 900 | -20 | -1.0 | | | | Sierra Leone | 156 500 | 1986 | 165 600 | 150 500 | -1 510 | -1.0 | 135 300 | -1 520 | -1.1 | | | | Somalia | 10 000 | 1975 | 9 500 | 8 500 | -100 | -1.1 | 7 500 | -100 | -1.2 | | | | South Africa | 673 | 1991 | 1 200 | 720 | -48 | -5.0 | 667 | -5 | -0.8 | | | | Sudan | 500 | 1995 | 605 | 535 | -7 | -1.2 | 465 | -7 | -1.4 | | | | Togo | 1 000 | 1999 | 1 500 | 1 300 | -20 | -1.4 | 960 | -34 | -3.0 | | | | United Rep. of Tanzania | 143 284 | 1987 | 140 700 | 152 500 | -1 180 | 0.8 | 164 200 | 1 170 | 0.7 | | | | Africa | 3 390 107 | 1993 | 3 659 322 | 3 469 844 | -18 948 | -0.5 | 3 350 813 | -11 903 | -0.3 | | | | Bahrain | 100 | 1992 | 100 | 100 | n.s. | 0.0 | 100 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Bangladesh | 622 482 | 1996 | 596 300 | 609 500 | 1 320 | 0.2 | 622 600 | 1 310 | 0.2 | | | | Brunei Darussalam | 17 100 | 1992 | 18 300 | 17 300 | -100 | -0.6 | 16 300 | -100 | -0.6 | | | | Cambodia | 72 835 | 1997 | 83 000 | 74 600 | -840 | -1.1 | 63 700 | -1 090 | -1.6 | | | | China | 36 882 | 1994 | 65 900 | 44 800 | -2 110 | -3.8 | 23 700 | -2 110 | -6.2 | | | | India | 487 100 | 1997 | 506 000 | 492 600 | -1 340 | -0.3 | 479 000 | -1 360 | -0.3 | | | | Indonesia | 3 493 110 | 1988 | 4 254 000 | 3 530 700 | -72 330 | -1.8 | 2 930 000 | -60 070 | -1.8 | | | | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 20 700 | 1994 | 25 000 | 21 000 | -400 | -1.7 | 20 000 | -100 | -0.5 | | | | Japan | 400 | 1980 | 400 | 400 | n.s. | n.s. | 400 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Kuwait | 2 | 2000 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 2 | n.a. | n.a. | | | | Malaysia | 587 269 | 1995 | 669 000 | 620 500 | -4 850 | -0.7 | 572 100 | -4 840 | -0.8 | | | | Maldives | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | | | | Myanmar | 452 492 | 1996 | 531 000 | 480 000 | -5 100 | -1.0 | 432 300 | -4 770 | -1.0 | | | | Oman | 2 000 | 1992 | 2 000 | 2 000 | n.s. | n.s. | 2 000 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Pakistan | 207 000 | 1990 | 345 000 | 207 000 | -13 800 | -5.0 | 176 000 | -3 100 | -1.6 | | | | Philippines | 127 610 | 1990 | 206 500 | 123 400 | -8 310 | -5.0 | 109 700 | -1 370 | -1.2 | | | | Qatar | 500 | 1992 | 500 | 500 | n.s. | n.s. | 500 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Saudi Arabia | 20 400 | 1985 | 20 400 | 20 400 | n.s. | n.s. | 20 400 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Singapore | 500 | 1990 | 2 700 | 500 | -220 | -15.5 | 500 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Sri Lanka | 8 688 | 1992 | 9 400 | 8 800 | -60 | -0.7 | 7 600 | -120 | -1.5 | | | | Thailand | 244 085 | 2000 | 285 500 | 262 000 | -2 350 | -0.9 | 244 000 | -1 800 | -0.7 | | | | Timor-Leste | 3 035 | 2000 | 4 100 | 3 600 | -50 | -1.3 | 3 035 | -57 | -1.7 | | | | United Arab Emirates | 4 000 | 1999 | 3 300 | 3 600 | 30 | 0.9 | 4 000 | 40 | 1.1 | | | | Viet Nam | 252 500 | 1983 | 227 000 | 165 000 | -6 200 | -3.1 | 104 000 | -6 100 | -4.5 | | | | Yemen | 927 | 1993 | 1 100 | 980 | -12 | -1.1 | 800 | -18 | -2.0 | | | | Asia | 6 661 717 | 1991 | 7 856 500 | 6 689 280 | -116 722 | -1.6 | 5 832 737 | -85 654 | -1.4 | | | | AmericanSamoa | 52 | 1976 | 50 | 50 | n.s. | -0.2 | 50 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Australia | 955 277 | 1997 | 1 150 000 | 1 050 000 | -10 000 | -0.9 | 955 000 | -9 500 | -0.9 | | | | Fiji | 42 464 | 1991 | 47 000 | 43 000 | -400 | -0.9 | 37 000 | -600 | -1.5 | | | | Guam | 70 | 1993 | 88 | 74 | -1 | -1.7 | 60 | -1.4 | -2.1 | | | | Kiribati | 258 | 1995 | 260 | 260 | n.s. | n.s. | 260 | -1 | -0.4 | | | | MarshallIslands | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | | | | Micronesia | 8 564 | 1983 | 8 500 | 8 500 | n.s. | n.s. | 8 500 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Nauru | 1 | 1993 | 2 | 1 | n.s. | -6.7 | 1 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | NewCaledonia | 20 250 | 1987 | 20 500 | 20 100 | -40 | -0.2 | 20 000 | -10 | n.s. | | | | New Zealand | 22 200 | 1996 | 24 000 | 22 000 | -200 | -0.9 | 19 900 | -210 | -1.0 | | | | Niue | 3 000 | 1981 | 3 000 | 3 000 | n.s. | n.s. | 3 000 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Northern Mariana Islands | 7 | 1984 | 7 | 5 | n.s. | -3.3 | 5 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Palau | 4 708 | 1985 | 4 700 | 4 700 | n.s. | n.s. | 4 700 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Papua NewGuinea | 464 000 | 1993 | 525 000 | 492 000 | -3 300 | -0.6 | 425 000 | -6 700 | -1.5 | | | | Samoa | 752 | 1993 | 1 000 | 809 | -19 | -2.1 | 618 | -19 | -2.7 | | | | SolomonIslands | 52 500 | 1995 | 61 200 | 55 400 | -580 | -1.0 | 49 500 | -590 | -1.1 | | | | Tokelau | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | | | | Tonga | 1 305 | 1990 | 1 300 | 1 300 | n.s. | n.s. | 1 300 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Tuvalu | 40 | 1993 | 60 | 50 | -1 | -1.8 | 40 | -1 | -2.2 | | | | Vanuatu | 2 519 | 1993 | 3 400 | 2 700 | -70 | -2.3 | 2 000 | -70 | -3.0 | | | | Wallis and FutunaIslands | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | | | | Oceania | 1 577 967 | 1995 | 1 850 067 | 1 703 949 | -14 612 | -0.8 | 1 526 934 | -17 703 | -1.1 | | | | Anguilla | 90 | 1991 | 90 | 90 | n.s. | n.s. | 90 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Antigua andBarbuda | 1 175 | 1991 | 1 570 | 1 200 | -37 | -2.7 | 900 | -30 | -2.8 | | | | Aruba | 420 | 1986 | 420 | 420 | n.s. | n.s. | 420 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Bahamas | 141 957 | 1991 | 170 000 | 145 000 | -2 500 | -1.6 | 140 000 | -500 | -0.4 | | | | Barbados | 14 | 1991 | 30 | 16 | -1 | -6.1 | 10 | -1 | -4.6 | | | | Belize | 65 767 | 1995 | 75 000 | 68 800 | -620 | -0.9 | 62 700 | -610 | -0.9 | | | | Bermuda | 16 | 1992 | 17 | 16 | n.s. | -0.6 | 15 | n.s. | -0.6 | | | | BritishVirginIslands | 587 | 2001 | 660 | 630 | -3 | -0.5 | 590 | -4 | -0.7 | | | | CaymanIslands | 7 268 | 1991 | 7 300 | 7 300 | n.s. | n.s. | 7 200 | -10 | -0.1 | | | | Costa Rica | 41 330 | 1992 | 41 000 | 41 000 | n.s. | n.s. | 41 000 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Cuba | 529 700 | 1992 | 530 500 | 529 800 | -70 | n.s. | 529 000 | -80 | n.s. | | | | Dominica | 10 | 1991 | 40 | 13 | -3 | -10.6 | 9 | n.s. | -3.6 | | | | DominicanRepublic | 21 215 | 1998 | 33 800 | 26 300 | -750 | -2.5 | 18 700 | -760 | -3.4 | | | | El Salvador | 26 800 | 1994 | 47 200 | 35 600 | -1 160 | -2.8 | 24 000 | -1 160 | -3.9 | | | | Grenada | 255 | 1992 | 295 | 262 | -3 | -1.2 | 230 | -3.2 | -1.3 | | | | Guadeloupe | 2 325 | 1997 | 3 900 | 2 500 | -140 | -4.3 | 2 300 | -20 | -0.8 | | | | Guatemala | 17 727 | 1998 | 19 800 | 17 800 | -200 | -1.1 | 15 800 | -200 | -1.2 | | | | Haiti | 15 000 | 1990 | 17 800 | 15 000 | -280 | -1.7 | 10 000 | -500 | -4.0 | | | | Honduras | 54 300 | 1995 | 156 400 | 103 300 | -5 310 | -4.1 | 50 000 | -5 330 | -7.0 | | | | Jamaica | 9 731 | 1997 | 23 000 | 10 800 | -1 220 | -7.3 | 9 300 | -150 | -1.5 | | | | Martinique | 1 840 | 1998 | 1 900 | 1 900 | n.s. | n.s. | 1 800 | -10 | -0.5 | | | | Mexico | 488 000 | 1994 | 640 000 | 543 000 | -9 700 | -1.6 | 440 000 | -10 300 | -2.1 | | | | Montserrat | 5 | 1991 | 5 | 5 | n.s. | n.s. | 5 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | NetherlandsAntilles | 1 138 | 1980 | 1 140 | 1 140 | n.s. | n.s. | 1 140 | -0.8 | -0.1 | | | | Nicaragua | 282 000 | 1992 | 336 000 | 280 000 | -5 600 | -1.8 | 214 300 | -6 570 | -2.6 | | | | Panama | 158 100 | 2000 | 230 000 | 166 000 | -6 400 | -3.2 | 158 000 | -800 | -0.5 | | | | Puerto Rico | 6 410 | 2001 | 6 500 | 6 400 | -10 | -0.2 | 6 400 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Saint Kittsand Nevis | 79 | 1991 | 84 | 80 | n.s. | -0.5 | 75 | -0.5 | -0.6 | | | | Saint Lucia | 200 | 2002 | 200 | 200 | n.s. | n.s. | 200 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Saint VincentandGrenadines | 51 | 1991 | 60 | 52 | -1 | -1.4 | 45 | -0.7 | -1.4 | | | | Trinidad andTobago | 7 150 | 1991 | 9 000 | 7 200 | -180 | -2.2 | 6 600 | -60 | -0.9 | | | | Turks andCaicos Islands | 23 600 | 1991 | 23 600 | 23 600 | n.s. | n.s. | 23 600 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | United States | 197 648 | 2001 | 263 000 | 260 000 | -300 | -0.1 | 203 000 | -5 700 | -2.4 | | | | United StatesVirginIslands | 978 | 1991 | 978 | 978 | n.s. | n.s. | 978 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | North andCentralAmerica | 2 102 886 | 1994 | 2 641 289 | 2 296 402 | -34 489 | -1.4 | 1 968 407 | -32 800 | -1.5 | | | | Anguilla | 90 | 1991 | 90 | 90 | n.s. | n.s. | 90 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Brazil | 1 012 376 | 1991 | 2 640 000 | 1 150 000 | -149 000 | -8.0 | 1 010 000 | -14 000 | -1.3 | | | | Colombia | 379 954 | 1996 | 440 000 | 396 600 | -4 340 | -1.0 | 354 500 | -4 210 | -1.1 | | | | Ecuador | 149 688 | 1999 | 193 000 | 166 400 | -2 660 | -1.5 | 147 800 | -1 860 | -1.2 | | | | FrenchGuiana | 55 000 | 1980 | 55 000 | 55 000 | n.s. | n.s. | 55 000 | n.s. | n.s. | | | | Guyana | 80 400 | 1994 | 91 000 | 83 400 | -760 | -0.9 | 76 000 | -740 | -0.9 | | | | Peru | 4 791 | 1992 | 7 600 | 5 000 | -260 | -4.1 | 4 700 | -30 | -0.6 | | | | Suriname | 98 121 | 1998 | 115 000 | 105 600 | -940 | -0.8 | 96 300 | -930 | -0.9 | | | | Venezuela | 250 000 | 1986 | 260 000 | 240 000 | -2 000 | -0.8 | 230 000 | -1 000 | -0.4 | | | | SouthAmerica | 2 030 330 | 1992 | 3 801 600 | 2 202 000 | -159 960 | -5.3 | 1 974 300 | -22 770 | -1.1 | |

l When sufficient quantitative information permitted a reliable trend analysis, 1980, 1990 and 2000 figures were based on the results of a regression analysis. (Africa: Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone. Asia: Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Timor-Leste, United Arab Emirates, Viet Nam. Oceania: Australia, Fiji, Guam, New Zealand, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu. North and Central America: Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Honduras, Martinique, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico. South America: Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)

l Where recent information was unavailable the extrapolation to year 2000 was based on the overall forest change rate1990-2000 as reported in the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000 (FAO, 2001). (Africa: Angola, Benin, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Dem. Rep. of Congo, South Africa. Asia: Japan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka. Oceania: Kiribati, Nauru, Palau, Tonga, Tuvalu. North and Central America: Cayman Islands, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, US Virgin Islands. South America: French Guiana) or on expert estimation(Africa: Egypt, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, United Rep. of Tanzania. Asia: Bahrain, Cambodia, Islamic rep. of Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Singapore, Thailand. Oceania: Papua New Guinea. North and Central America: Anguilla, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Costa Rica, Dominica, Haiti, Saint Lucia, Turks and Caicos islands, . South America: Brazil, Peru)

l Where insufficient information was available, the area estimations for 1980 and 1990 were based on the overall forest change rates as reported in the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000 (FAO, 2001) (Africa: Eritrea, Ghana, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan, Togo. Asia: Yemen. North and Central America: Nicaragua, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago) and in the FRA 1990 (FAO, 1995). (Asia: Islamic Rep of Iran. Oceania: New Caledonia North and Central America: Bahamas, United States.)

l Where only one estimate was available over time and no qualitative info was available it has been assumed to have remained constant (Africa: Comoros, Djibouti, Mauritius, Mayotte. Asia: Qatar. Oceania: American Samoa, Federated states of Micronesia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands)