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This isThe GNU C Library Reference Manual, for version 2.38.

Copyright © 1993–2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being “Free Software Needs Free Documentation” and “GNU Lesser General Public License”, the Front-Cover texts being “A GNU Manual”, and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

(a) The FSF’s Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports it in developing GNU and promoting software freedom.”

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Table of Contents

Short Table of Contents

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Error Reporting
• 3 Virtual Memory Allocation And Paging
• 4 Character Handling
• 5 String and Array Utilities
• 6 Character Set Handling
• 7 Locales and Internationalization
• 8 Message Translation
• 9 Searching and Sorting
• 10 Pattern Matching
• 11 Input/Output Overview
• 12 Input/Output on Streams
• 13 Low-Level Input/Output
• 14 File System Interface
• 15 Pipes and FIFOs
• 16 Sockets
• 17 Low-Level Terminal Interface
• 18 Syslog
• 19 Mathematics
• 20 Arithmetic Functions
• 21 Date and Time
• 22 Resource Usage And Limitation
• 23 Non-Local Exits
• 24 Signal Handling
• 25 The Basic Program/System Interface
• 26 Processes
• 27 Inter-Process Communication
• 28 Job Control
• 29 System Databases and Name Service Switch
• 30 Users and Groups
• 31 System Management
• 32 System Configuration Parameters
• 33 Cryptographic Functions
• 34 Debugging support
• 35 Threads
• 36 Dynamic Linker
• 37 Internal probes
• 38 Tunables
• Appendix A C Language Facilities in the Library
• Appendix B Summary of Library Facilities
• Appendix C Installing the GNU C Library
• Appendix D Library Maintenance
• Appendix E Platform-specific facilities
• Appendix F Contributors to the GNU C Library
• Appendix G Free Software Needs Free Documentation
• Appendix H GNU Lesser General Public License
• Appendix I GNU Free Documentation License
• Concept Index
• Type Index
• Function and Macro Index
• Variable and Constant Macro Index
• Program and File Index