†Pliosauridae (original) (raw)

After O'Keefe, 2001, Benson, Evans & Druckenmiller, 2012, and Knutsen, 2012

**<==o †Pliosauridae Seeley, 1874 sensu O'Keefe, 2001 [incl. Brachauchneiidae Williston, 1925] |-- †Thalassiodragon hawkinsi (Owen, 1838) Storrs & Taylor, 1996 [**Synonyms] --+--o †_Hauffiosaurus_ O'Keefe, 2001 | |-- †_H. zanoni_ O'Keefe, 2001 | |-- †_H. longirostris_ (Blake 1876) [_Macroplata longirostris_ (Blake 1876) White, 1940] | -- †H. tomistomimus Benson et al., 2011 --+-- †_Attenborosaurus conybeare_ (Sollas 1881) Bakker, 1993 [_Plesiosaurus conybeare_ Sollas 1881] --+--o †Kronosaurus Longman, 1924 | |?- †K. boyacensis Hampe, 1992 | -- †_K. queenslandicus_ Longman, 1924 --+-- †Peloneustes philarchus (Seeley, 1869) Lydekker, 1889 --+--o †_Liopleurodon_ Sauvage, 1873 [_Pliosaurus_ Owen, 1842] | |-- †_L. ferox_ Sauvage, 1873 | -- †L. pachydeirus (Seeley, 1869) --+-- †_Brachauchenius lucasi_ Williston 1903 --o †Pliosaurus (Owen, 1841a) Owen, 1841b [Pleiosaurus Owen, 1841a; Spondylosaurus Fischer, 1845; Stretosaurus Tarlo, 1959b] sensu Knutsen, 2012 |-- †P. brachydeirus (Owen, 1841a) Owen, 1841b [Pleiosaurus brachydeirus Owen, 1841a; Pliosaurus brachydirus Lydekker, 1889a; Pliosaurus brachydirus Lydekker, 1889b] |-- †P. brachyspondylus(Owen, 1839) Eichwald, 1868 |-- †P. macromerus (Phillips, 1871) Lydekker, 1889a [Pliosaurus macromerus (Philips, 1871); Pliosaurus grandis Owen, 1869; Stretosaurus macromerus Tarlo, 1959b; Liopleurodon macromerus Halstead [Tarlo], 1989; Pliosaurus macromerus Hampe, 1992] `-- †P. funkei Knutsen, Druckenmiller & Hurum, 2012

Pliosauridae incertae sedis:

†_Peloneustes irgisensis_ Novozhilov, 1948 [_Pliosaurus irgisensis_ (Novozhilov, 1948) Tarlo, 1960; _Strongylokrotaphus irgisensis_ (Novozhilov, 1948) Novozhilov, 1964]
†_Plesiopleurodon wellesi_ Carpenter, 1996
†_Pliosaurus andrewsi_ Tarlo [Halstead], 1960 [_Peloneustes evansi_ Andrews, 1913]
†_Pliosaurus portentificus_ No� et al. 2004
†_Pliosaurus rossicus_ Novozhilov, 1948 [_Pliosaurus_ cf. _grandis_ Owen, 1841b: Rozhdestvenskii, 1947; _Liopleurodon rossicus_ (Novozhilov, 1948); _Liopleurodon rossicus_ (Novozhilov, 1948) Halstead, 1971: Halstead, 1971; _Liopleurodon rossicus_ (Novozhilov, 1948) Halstead, 1971: Storrs et al., 2000
†_Polyptychodon_ Owen, 1841
    †_P. interruptus_ Owen, 1841 [incl. _P. continuus_?]
    †_P. hudsoni_ Welles & Slaughter, 1963
†_Eurysaurus_ Gaudry, 1878 [nomen dubium]
†_Ischyrodon_ von Meyer, 1838 [=? _Liopleurodon_]
†_Luetkesaurus_ Kiprijanoff, 1883

Reference(s):

• Benson, R. B. J., Evans, M. & Druckenmiller, P. S., 2012: High Diversity, Low Disparity and Small Body Size in Plesiosaurs (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from the Triassic�Jurassic Boundary.
  –Plos One: Vol. 7, #3, pp. e31838 [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031838]
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698.
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
  in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
• Creisler, B., 1998: Giant pliosaurs - real and imaginary.
  –iNet: WWW.Dinosauria.com: Dino-Dispatches: No. 1, 16 November. 1998
• Creisler, B., 1999-2001: Plesiosauria translation and pronunciation guide.
  –iNet: Dinosauria.com: http://www.dinosauria.com/dml/names/ples.html
• Everhart, M., 2000: Something about Plesiosaurs.
  –iNet: WWW.OceansofKansas.com: http://www.oceansofkansas.com/plesio2.html
• Everhart, M., 2000: Something about Pliosaurs.
  –iNet: WWW.OceansofKansas.com: http://www.oceansofkansas.com/pliosaur.html
• Kazlev, M. A., 1999: Family Pliosauridae.
  –iNet: http://www.kheper.auz.com/gaia/biosphere/vertebrates/sauropterygia/Pliosauridae.htm
• Knutsen, E. M., 2012: A taxonomic revision of the genus Pliosaurus (Owen, 1841a) Owen, 1841b.
  –Norwegian Journal of Geology: Vol. 92, pp. 259-276
• Knutsen, E. M., Druckenmiller, P. S. & Hurum, J. H., 2012: A new species of Pliosaurus (Sauropterygia: Plesiosauria) from the Middle Volgian of central Spitsbergen, Norway.
  –Norwegian Journal of Geology: Vol. 92, pp. 235-258
• O'Keefe, F. R., 2001: A cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the Plesiosauria (Reptilia: Sauropterygia).
  –Acta Zoologica Fennica: Vol. #213, pp. 1-63
• O'Keefe, F. R., 2002: The evolution of plesiosaur and pliosaur morphotypes in the Plesiosauria (Reptilia: Sauropterygia).
  –Paleobiology: Vol. 28, #1, pp. 101-112
• Storrs, G. W., Arkhangel'skii, M. S. & Efimov, V. R., 2000: Mezosoic marine reptiles of Russia and other former Soviet republics. 187-210
  in Benton, M. J., Shishkin, M. A., Unvin, D. M. & Kurochkin, E. N., (eds.) 2000: The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia.
  –Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000 xxxix-696