Sumatra “Dutch East Indies”, includingBorneo and Celebes.
Σ=
1,721
”
1,721 ✕ 1.6 = 2,753.6 km.
Dutch West Indies (Curaçao, Surinam = Dutch Guiana)—no railways.
⋕ Neumann-Spallart, Surveys of World Economy, 1883-84. p. 508. “In Mauritius there has been no addition since 1882 to the two railways totalling 92 miles.”
Ibidem, p. 512.
1895
Angola
=
350
+
Mozambique
=
90
92 miles ✕ 1.6 = 147.2 km. + 440
=
587
147.2 ÷ 587 = 25.1 per cent.
1890
Σ 1890
=910
about
98
km.
British (Mauritius)
—520
292
”
Portuguese (Angola
390
km.
and Mozambique))
390
390 ✕ 25.1 = 97.98
+520
French
Σ=910
⋕
Ibidem, p. 504. Jamaica (1885)—
107
km.
Barbados
42
Martinique (“short” railways)? no information...
1890
1913
We assume 40 km. in 1890for Martinique (less thanin Barbados)
Jamaica
313
Martinique
224
Barbados
175
Trinidad
142
Σ=474
854
Four small colonial powers
Holland
3,060
3,781
1,361
2,854
⟶
2,914
—2,854
4,421
6,635
60
Portugal
2,149
2,983
346
1,706
Belgium
5,263
8,814
—
1,390
Italy
12,907
17,634
—
155
Σ=
25,086
39,317
(Eleven countries)
Spain
9,878
15,350
Switzerland
3,190
4,863
Scandinavia
11,566
21,354
Austria-Hungary
27,113
46,195
Rumania
2,543
3,763
Serbia
540
1,021
Bulgaria and Turkey
1,765
1,994
1,931
Greece
767
1,609
57,362
98,080
British railways in Africa [1913]
6,399
1,775
5,582
3,872
Σ=
17,628
5,946
3,790
(1,099 + 192 + 418 + 302 + 1,567 + 212 = 3,790
27,364
Asia
America
British in Asia
1890
1913
British railways
27,000
22,712
55,761
56,732
308
434
971
+92
100
35
56,732
56,824
27,408
23,181
+1,380
58,112
+92
Malacca
58,204
1890
1913
Asia
33,724
108,147
Africa
9,386
44,309
Australasia
18,889
35,418
61,999
187,874
Europe
166.2
268.9
British Empire
107.3
207.8
1913
Russian Empire
32.4
78.1
Europe
346,235
Eastern Asia
3.3
27.5
America
570,108
America
308.1
521.9
Others
187,874
Σ=
617.3
1,104.2
Σ=
1,104,217
617,283
1,104,157
United States
British Empire
Russia
Germany
France
Small colonial powers (Holland, Portugal, Belgium, Italy)