Senaite (original) (raw)

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

About SenaiteHide

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Formula:

Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38

Colour:

Black; oil-green to greenish black in transmitted light

Specific Gravity:

5.204 - 5.301

Name:

Named by Eugen Hussak and George Thurland Prior in 1898 in honor of Joaquim Candido da Costa Sena [13 August 1852 Conceição do Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil - June 26, 1919 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil], Professor of Mineralogy, at the School of Mines in Ouro Preto, Brazil. Sena was Director of the School of Mines, as well as President of the State of Minas Gerais, but he is most well-known for his prodigious out-put in the geological, mining, and mineralogical literature. He was recognized internationally by significant honors including: Knight of the Order of the Rose, Official of the Legion of Honor, Commander of the Crown of Italy, Official of the French Academy. He belonged to international organizations including: Mineralogical Society of Paris, Mineralogy Imperial Society of St. Petersburg, Geological Society of Paris, Berlin Geological Society, Member of the Latin American Scientific Congress, and Member of the Mining Academy of Letters.

Unique IdentifiersHide

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Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3617:3

8d7694bd-700f-49fc-878f-47d169437f06

IMA Classification of SenaiteHide

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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Type description reference:

Classification of SenaiteHide

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4.CC.40

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations

8.5.1.4

8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
5 : AB21O38

7.11.32

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Physical Properties of SenaiteHide

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Colour:

Black; oil-green to greenish black in transmitted light

Density:

5.204 - 5.301 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.23 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of SenaiteHide

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Birefringence:

Low to moderate

δ = 0.000

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Pleochroism:

Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of SenaiteHide

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Mindat Formula:

Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38

Elements listed:

Cr, Fe, H, Mn, O, Pb, Ti, U, V, Y, Zn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of SenaiteHide

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Class (H-M):

3 - Rhombohedral

Cell Parameters:

a = 10.393(2) Å, c = 20.811(5) Å

Unit Cell V:

1,946.73 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Twinning:

By rotation around [0001], forming cyclic interpenetrant trillings; on {5270}.

Crystal StructureHide

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ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0006379	Senaite	Armbruster T, Kunz M (1990) Cation arrangement in a unusual uranium-rich senaite: crystal structure study at 130 K European Journal of Mineralogy 2 163-170	1990	0	293
0009559	Senaite	Grey I E, Lloyd D J (1976) The crystal structure of senaite Acta Crystallographica B32 1509-1513		1976	Diamantina region, Brazil	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Powder Diffraction Data:

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Type Occurrence of SenaiteHide

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Place of Conservation of Type Material:

The Natural History Museum, London, England, 83656, 86037; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, R7241.

Reference:

Hussak, E., Prior, G.T. (1898) On senaite, a new mineral belonging to the ilmenite group, from Brazil. Mineralogical Magazine: 12: 30-32.

Other Language Names for SenaiteHide

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Relationship of Senaite to other SpeciesHide

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Other Members of this group:

Common AssociatesHide

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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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Other InformationHide

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Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for SenaiteHide

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References for SenaiteHide

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Localities for SenaiteHide

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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.