French ministries 1700-1870 (original) (raw)

Rulers: France

Second consul 25 Dec 1799 - 18 May 1804 Jean Jacques R�gis de Cambac�r�s (b. 1753 - d. 1824) Third consul 25 Dec 1799 - 18 May 1804 Charles Fran�ois Lebrun (b. 1739 - d. 1824)

Vice president 20 Jan 1849 - 14 Jan 1852 Georges Henri Boulay de la Meurthe (b. 1797 - d. 1858)

Foreign Affairs

Ministers (to about 1789, secretaries of state) 28 Jul 1696 - 22 Sep 1715 Jean-Baptiste Colbert, marquis de Torcy (b. 1665 - d. 1746) 23 Sep 1715 - 1 Sep 1718 Nicolas du Bl�, marquis d'Huxelles (b. 1652 - d. 1730) (president of Foreign Affairs Council) 24 Sep 1718 - 10 Aug 1723 Guillaume Dubois (from 16 Jul 1721, Guillaume Cardinal Dubois) (b. 1656 - d. 1723) 16 Aug 1723 - 19 Aug 1727 Charles Jean-Baptiste Fleuriau, comte de Morville (b. 1686 - d. 1732) 23 Aug 1727 - 20 Feb 1737 Germain Louis Chauvelin, (from Mar 1734) marquis de Grosbois (b. 1685 - d. 1762) 22 Feb 1737 - 26 Apr 1744 Jean-Jacques Amelot de Chaillou (b. 1689 - d. 1749) 26 Apr 1744 - 19 Nov 1744 Adrien Maurice, duc de Noailles (b. 1678 - d. 1766) 19 Nov 1744 - 10 Jan 1747 Ren� Louis de Voyer de Paulmy, marquis d'Argenson (b. 1694 - d. 1757) 27 Jan 1747 - 9 Sep 1751 Louis Philog�ne Br�lart, vicomte de Puisieulx (b. 1702 - d. 1770) 11 Sep 1751 - 24 Jul 1754 Fran�ois Dominique Barberie de Saint-Contest (b. 1701 - d. 1754) 24 Jul 1754 - 28 Jun 1757 Antoine Louis Rouill� (b. 1689 - d. 1761) 28 Jun 1757 - 9 Oct 1758 Fran�ois Joachim de Pierre de Bernis (b. 1715 - d. 1794) 3 Dec 1758 - 13 Oct 1761 �tienne Fran�ois, duc de Choiseul (1st time) (b. 1719 - d. 1785) 13 Oct 1761 - 10 Apr 1766 C�sar Gabriel de Choiseul- Chevigny, comte de Choiseul- Praslin (from 2 Nov 1762, C�sar Gabriel de Choiseul-Chevigny, duc de Praslin) (b. 1712 - d. 1785) 10 Apr 1766 - 24 Dec 1770 �tienne Fran�ois, duc de Choiseul (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Dec 1770 - 6 Jun 1771 Louis Ph�lypeaux, duc de La Vrilli�re (b. 1705 - d. 1777) 6 Jun 1771 - 2 Jun 1774 Emmanuel Armand de Vignerot du Plessis de Richelieu, duc d'Aiguillon (b. 1720 - d. 1788) 2 Jun 1774 - 21 Jul 1774 Henri L�onard Jean Baptiste Bertin (b. 1719 - d. 1792) 21 Jul 1774 - 13 Feb 1787 Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes (b. 1719 - d. 1787) 14 Feb 1787 - 13 Jul 1789 Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin Saint-H�rem (1st time) (b. 1746 - d. 1792) 13 Jul 1789 - 16 Jul 1789 Paul Fran�ois de Quelen, duc de La Vauguyon (b. 1746 - d. 1828) 16 Jul 1789 - 29 Nov 1791 Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin Saint-H�rem (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Nov 1791 - 15 Mar 1792 Claude Antoine Valdec de Lessart (b. 1741 - d. 1792) 15 Mar 1792 - 13 Jun 1792 Charles du Perier, dit Dumouriez (b. 1739 - d. 1823) 13 Jun 1792 - 18 Jun 1792 Pierre Paul de M�redieu, baron de Naillac (b. 1737 - d. ...) 18 Jun 1792 - 23 Jul 1792 Scipion Victor, marquis de Chambonas (b. 1750 - d. 1830) 23 Jul 1792 - 1 Aug 1792 Fran�ois Joseph de Gratet, vicomte Dubouchage (interim) (b. 1749 - d. 1821) 1 Aug 1792 - 10 Aug 1792 Claude Bigot de Sainte-Croix (b. 1743 - d. 1803) 10 Aug 1792 - 21 Jun 1793 Pierre Henri H�l�ne Marie Tondu, dit Lebrun-Tondu (b. 1754 - d. 1794) 21 Jun 1793 - 2 Apr 1794 Fran�ois Louis Michel Chemin des Forgues, dit Deforgues (b. 1759 - d. 1840) 5 Apr 1794 - 8 Apr 1794 Jean Marie Claude Alexandre Goujon (b. 1766 - d. 1795) (interim) 8 Apr 1794 - 20 Apr 1794 Martial Joseph Armand Herman (b. 1759 - d. 1795) (interim) Commissioners - External Relations - 20 Apr 1794 - 3 Nov 1794 Philibert Buchot (b. 1751 - d. 1813) 3 Nov 1794 - 21 Nov 1794 Bernard Mangourit du Champ-Duguet (b. 1752 - d. 1829) 21 Nov 1794 - 19 Feb 1795 Andr� Fran�ois Miot (b. 1762 - d. 1841) 19 Feb 1795 - 3 Nov 1795 Jean-Victor Colchen (b. 1751 - d. 1830) Ministers - External Relations - 3 Nov 1795 - 15 Jul 1797 Charles Delacroix de Contaut (b. 1741 - d. 1805) 15 Jul 1797 - 20 Jul 1799 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand- P�rigord (1st time) (b. 1754 - d. 1838) 20 Jul 1799 - 22 Nov 1799 Charles Fr�d�ric Reinhard (b. 1761 - d. 1837) 22 Nov 1799 - 9 Aug 1807 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand- P�rigord, (from 5 Jun 1806) prince de B�n�vent (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 Aug 1807 - 17 Apr 1811 Jean-Baptiste Nomp�re de Champagny (from 24 Apr 1808, Jean-Baptiste, comte Nomp�re de Champagny; from 15 Aug 1809, Jean-Baptiste Nomp�re de Champagny, duc de Cadore) (b. 1756 - d. 1834) 17 Apr 1811 - 20 Nov 1813 Hugues Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano (b. 1763 - d. 1839) 20 Nov 1813 - 1 Apr 1814 Armand Augustin Louis Caulaincourt, duc de Vicence (1st time) (b. 1773 - d. 1827) - Foreign Affairs - 3 Apr 1814 - 13 May 1814 Antoine Ren� Charles Mathurin, comte de Laforest (b. 1756 - d. 1846) 13 May 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand- P�rigord, prince de B�n�vent (3rd time) (s.a.) 20 Mar 1815 - 22 Jun 1815 Armand Augustin Louis Caulaincourt, duc de Vicence (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Jun 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Louis, baron Bignon (1st time) (b. 1771 - d. 1841) 9 Jul 1815 - 26 Sep 1815 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand- P�rigord, prince de B�n�vent (4th time) (s.a.) 26 Sep 1815 - 29 Dec 1818 Armand Emmanuel du Plessis, duc de Richelieu (b. 1766 - d. 1822) 29 Dec 1818 - 19 Nov 1819 Jean Joseph Paul Augustin, marquis Dessolles (b. 1767 - d. 1828) 19 Nov 1819 - 14 Dec 1821 �tienne Denis, baron Pasquier (b. 1767 - d. 1862) 14 Dec 1821 - 28 Dec 1822 Mathieu Jean F�licit�, vicomte (from 30 Nov 1822, duc) de Montmorency-Laval (b. 1767 - d. 1826) 28 Dec 1822 - 6 Jun 1824 Fran�ois Ren�, vicomte de Chateaubriand (b. 1768 - d. 1848) 6 Jun 1824 - 4 Aug 1824 Joseph, comte de Vill�le (interim) (b. 1773 - d. 1854) 4 Aug 1824 - 4 Jan 1828 Ange Hyacinthe Maxence, baron de Damas (b. 1785 - d. 1862) 4 Jan 1828 - 24 Apr 1829 Auguste Ferron, comte de La Ferronays (b. 1777 - d. 1842) 24 Apr 1829 - 14 May 1829 Anne Pierre Adrien, duc de Montmorency-Laval (b. 1768 - d. 1837) 14 May 1829 - 8 Aug 1829 Joseph Marie, comte Portalis (b. 1778 - d. 1858) 8 Aug 1829 - 29 Jul 1830 Auguste Jules Armand Marie, prince de Polignac (b. 1780 - d. 1847) 29 Jul 1830 Casimir Louis Victurnien de Rochechouart, duc de Mortemart (b. 1787 - d. 1875) 31 Jul 1830 - 1 Aug 1830 Louis, baron Bignon (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Aug 1830 - 11 Aug 1830 Jean-Baptiste, comte Jourdan (b. 1762 - d. 1833) 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Mathieu Louis, comte Mol� (1st time) (b. 1781 - d. 1855) 2 Nov 1830 - 17 Nov 1830 Nicolas Joseph, marquis Maison (b. 1771 - d. 1840) 17 Nov 1830 - 11 Oct 1832 Horace Fran�ois Bastien, baron S�bastiani (b. 1772 - d. 1851) 11 Oct 1832 - 4 Apr 1834 Achille Charles L�once Victor, duc de Broglie (1st time) (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 4 Apr 1834 - 10 Nov 1834 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (1st time) (b. 1782 - d. 1835) 10 Nov 1834 - 18 Nov 1834 Charles Joseph, comte Bresson (b. 1798 - d. 1847) 18 Nov 1834 - 12 Mar 1835 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (2nd time) (s.a.) 12 Mar 1835 - 22 Feb 1836 Achille Charles L�once Victor, duc de Broglie (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Feb 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Adolphe Thiers (1st time) (b. 1797 - d. 1877) 6 Sep 1836 - 31 Mar 1839 Mathieu Louis, comte Mol� (2nd time) (s.a.) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Napol�on Auguste Lannes, duc de Montebello (b. 1801 - d. 1874) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (b. 1769 - d. 1851) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Adolphe Thiers (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Oct 1840 - 23 Feb 1848 Fran�ois Guizot (b. 1787 - d. 1874) 24 Feb 1848 - 11 May 1848 Alphonse de Lamartine (b. 1790 - d. 1869) 11 May 1848 - 29 Jun 1848 Jules Bastide (1st time) (b. 1800 - d. 1879) 29 Jun 1848 - 17 Jul 1848 Marie-Alphonse Bedeau (b. 1804 - d. 1863) 17 Jul 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Jules Bastide (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Dec 1848 - 2 Jun 1849 �douard Drouyn de Lhuys (1st time) (b. 1805 - d. 1881) 2 Jun 1849 - 31 Oct 1849 Alexis de Tocqueville (b. 1805 - d. 1859) 31 Oct 1849 - 17 Nov 1849 Alphonse de Rayneval (b. 1813 - d. 1858) 17 Nov 1849 - 9 Jan 1851 Jean-Ernest Ducos, vicomte de La Hitte (b. 1789 - d. 1878) 9 Jan 1851 - 24 Jan 1851 �douard Drouyn de Lhuys (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Jan 1851 - 10 Apr 1851 Anatole, baron Br�nier de Renaudi�re (b. 1807 - d. 1885) 10 Apr 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Pierre Jules Baroche (1st time) (b. 1802 - d. 1870) 26 Oct 1851 - 28 Jul 1852 Louis F�lix �tienne, marquis de Turgot (b. 1796 - d. 1866) 28 Jul 1852 - 7 May 1855 �douard Drouyn de Lhuys (3rd time) (s.a.) 7 May 1855 - 4 Jan 1860 Alexandre Colonna, comte Walewski (b. 1810 - d. 1868) 4 Jan 1860 - 24 Jan 1860 Pierre Jules Baroche (2nd time) (s.a.) (interim) 24 Jan 1860 - 15 Oct 1862 �douard Thouvenel (b. 1818 - d. 1866) 15 Oct 1862 - 1 Sep 1866 �douard Drouyn de Lhuys (4th time) (s.a.) 1 Sep 1866 - 2 Oct 1866 Charles, marquis de La Valette (1st time) (interim) (b. 1806 - d. 1881) 2 Oct 1866 - 17 Dec 1868 L�onel, marquis de Moustier (b. 1817 - d. 1869) 17 Dec 1868 - 17 Jul 1869 Charles, marquis de La Valette (2nd time) (s.a.) 17 Jul 1869 - 2 Jan 1870 Henri, prince de La Tour d'Auvergne (1st time) (b. 1823 - d. 1871) 2 Jan 1870 - 14 Apr 1870 Napol�on, comte Daru (b. 1807 - d. 1881) 14 Apr 1870 - 15 May 1870 �mile Ollivier (interim) (b. 1825 - d. 1913) 15 May 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 Antoine, duc de Gramont (b. 1819 - d. 1880) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Henri, prince de La Tour d'Auvergne (2nd time) (s.a.)

War

Ministers (to about 1789, secretaries of state) 16 Jul 1691 - 5 Jan 1701 Louis Fran�ois Le Tellier de Louvois, marquis de Barbezieux (b. 1668 - d. 1701) 5 Jan 1701 - 9 Jun 1709 Michel de Chamillart (b. 1652 - d. 1721) 9 Jun 1709 - 14 Sep 1715 Daniel Voysin de La Noiraye (b. 1654 - d. 1717) 1 Oct 1715 - 24 Sep 1718 Louis Hector, duc de Villars (b. 1653 - d. 1734) (president of War Council) 24 Sep 1718 - 1 Jul 1723 Claude Le Blanc (1st time) (b. 1669 - d. 1728) 1 Jul 1723 - 19 Jun 1726 Fran�ois Victor Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (1st time) (b. 1686 - d. 1743) 19 Jun 1726 - 19 May 1728 Claude Le Blanc (2nd time) (s.a.) Jul 1728 - Feb 1740 Nicolas Prosper Bauyn d'Angervilliers (b. 1675 - d. 1740) Feb 1740 - 7 Jan 1743 Fran�ois Victor Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Jan 1743 - 1 Feb 1757 Marc Pierre de Voyer de Paulmy, comte d'Argenson (b. 1696 - d. 1764) 1 Feb 1757 - 3 Mar 1758 Antoine Ren� de Voyer, marquis de Paulmy (b. 1722 - d. 1787) 3 Mar 1758 - 27 Jan 1761 Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet de Belle-Isle (b. 1684 - d. 1761) 3 Feb 1761 - 24 Dec 1770 �tienne Fran�ois, duc de Choiseul (b. 1719 - d. 1785) 26 Jan 1771 - 27 Jan 1774 Louis Fran�ois, marquis de Monteynard (b. 1713 - d. 1791) 27 Jan 1774 - 2 Jun 1774 Emmanuel Armand de Vignerot du Plessis de Richelieu, duc d'Aiguillon (b. 1720 - d. 1788) 5 Jun 1774 - 10 Oct 1775 Louis Nicolas Victor de F�lix d'Olli�res, comte du Muy (b. 1711 - d. 1775) 27 Oct 1775 - 27 Sep 1777 Claude Louis, comte de Saint-Germain (b. 1707 - d. 1778) 27 Sep 1777 - 19 Dec 1780 Alexandre Marie L�onor de Saint-Mauris de Montbarrey (b. 1732 - d. 1796) 23 Dec 1780 - 29 Aug 1787 Philippe Henri, marquis de S�gur (b. 1724 - d. 1801) 29 Aug 1787 - 23 Sep 1787 Louis Charles-Auguste Le Tonnelier, baron de Breteuil (b. 1730 - d. 1807) (interim) 23 Sep 1787 - 30 Nov 1788 Athanase Louis Marie de Lom�nie, comte de Brienne (b. 1730 - d. 1794) 30 Nov 1788 - 13 Jul 1789 Louis Pierre de Chastenet, comte de Puys�gur (b. 1726 - d. 1807) 13 Jul 1789 - 16 Jul 1789 Victor Fran�ois, duc de Broglie (b. 1718 - d. 1804) 4 Aug 1789 - 16 Nov 1790 Jean-Fr�d�ric de La Tour du Pin-Gouvernet (b. 1727 - d. 1794) 16 Nov 1790 - 7 Dec 1791 Louis Le B�gue Duportail (b. 1743 - d. 1802) 7 Dec 1791 - 9 Mar 1792 Louis, comte de Narbonne-Lara (b. 1755 - d. 1813) 9 Mar 1792 - 9 May 1792 Pierre Marie de Grave (b. 1755 - d. 1823) 9 May 1792 - 13 Jun 1792 Joseph Marie Servan, dit Servan de Gerbey (1st time) (b. 1741 - d. 1808) 13 Jun 1792 - 18 Jun 1792 Charles du Perier, dit Dumouriez (b. 1739 - d. 1823) 18 Jun 1792 - 23 Jul 1792 Pierre Auguste Lajard (b. 1757 - d. 1837) 23 Jul 1792 - 10 Aug 1792 Charles Franqueville d'Abancourt (b. 1758 - d. 1792) 10 Aug 1792 - 3 Oct 1792 Joseph Marie Servan, dit Servan de Gerbey (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Oct 1792 - 18 Oct 1792 Pierre Henri H�l�ne Marie Tondu, dit Lebrun-Tondu (1st time) (b. 1754 - d. 1794) (interim) 18 Oct 1792 - 4 Feb 1793 Jean-Nicolas Pache (b. 1746 - d. 1823) 4 Feb 1793 - 1 Apr 1793 Pierre Riel de Beurnonville (b. 1752 - d. 1821) 1 Apr 1793 - 4 Apr 1793 Pierre Henri H�l�ne Marie Tondu, dit Lebrun-Tondu (2nd time) (s.a.) (interim) 4 Apr 1793 - 22 Jun 1793 Jean Baptiste No�l Bouchotte (1st time) (b. 1754 - d. 1840) 22 Jun 1793 (hours) Charles Alexis Alexandre (b. 1754 - d. 1825) 22 Jun 1793 - 20 Apr 1794 Jean Baptiste No�l Bouchotte (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Nov 1795 - 8 Feb 1796 Jean-Baptiste Aubert-Dubayet (b. 1757 - d. 1797) 8 Feb 1796 - 15 Jul 1797 Claude Louis Petiet (b. 1749 - d. 1806) 15 Jul 1797 - 22 Jul 1797 Lazare Hoche (b. 1768 - d. 1797) 22 Jul 1797 - 21 Feb 1799 Barth�lemy Louis Joseph Scherer (b. 1747 - d. 1804) 21 Feb 1799 - 2 Jul 1799 Louis Marie de Milet de Mureau (b. 1751 - d. 1825) 2 Jul 1799 - 14 Sep 1799 Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte (b. 1763 - d. 1844) 14 Sep 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Edmond Louis Alexis Dubois de Cranc�, dit Dubois-Cranc� (b. 1747 - d. 1814) 11 Nov 1799 - 2 Apr 1800 Louis-Alexandre Berthier (1st time) (b. 1753 - d. 1815) 2 Apr 1800 - 8 Oct 1800 Lazare Carnot (b. 1753 - d. 1823) 8 Oct 1800 - 19 Aug 1807 Louis-Alexandre Berthier, (from 1 Apr 1806) prince de Neuch�tel (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Aug 1807 - 1 Apr 1814 Henry Clarke, (from 10 Mar 1808) comte de Hunebourg (from 15 Aug 1809, Henry Clarke, duc de Feltre) (1st time) (b. 1765 - d. 1818) 3 Apr 1814 - 3 Dec 1814 Pierre-Antoine, comte Dupont de l'�tang (b. 1765 - d. 1840) 3 Dec 1814 - 11 Mar 1815 Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (1st time) (b. 1769 - d. 1851) 11 Mar 1815 - 20 Mar 1815 Henry Clarke, duc de Feltre (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Mar 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Louis Nicolas Davout, duc d'Auerstaedt et prince d'Eckm�hl (b. 1770 - d. 1823) 7 Jul 1815 - 26 Sep 1815 Laurent, comte de Gouvion Saint-Cyr (1st time) (b. 1764 - d. 1830) 26 Sep 1815 - 12 Sep 1817 Henry Clarke, duc de Feltre (3rd time) (s.a.) 12 Sep 1817 - 19 Nov 1819 Laurent, marquis de Gouvion Saint-Cyr (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Nov 1819 - 14 Dec 1821 Marie Victor Nicolas de Fay, marquis de La Tour-Maubourg (b. 1768 - d. 1850) 14 Dec 1821 - 23 Mar 1823 Claude Victor Perrin, duc de Bellune (1st time) (b. 1764 - d. 1841) 23 Mar 1823 - 15 Apr 1823 Alexandre, vicomte Digeon (b. 1771 - d. 1826) (interim) 15 Apr 1823 - 19 Oct 1823 Claude Victor Perrin, duc de Bellune (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Oct 1823 - 4 Aug 1824 Ange Hyacinthe Maxence, baron de Damas (b. 1785 - d. 1862) 19 Oct 1823 - 28 Oct 1823 Charles Yves C�sar Cyr, comte du Coetlosquet (acting for Damas) (b. 1783 - d. 1836) 4 Aug 1824 - 4 Jan 1828 Aim�, marquis de Clermont-Tonnerre (b. 1779 - d. 1865) 4 Jan 1828 - 8 Aug 1829 Louis Victor de Blacquetot, vicomte de Caux (b. 1775 - d. 1845) 8 Aug 1829 - 31 Jul 1830 Louis de Bourmont (b. 1773 - d. 1846) 31 Jul 1830 - 17 Nov 1830 �tienne Maurice, comte G�rard (1st time) (b. 1773 - d. 1852) 17 Nov 1830 - 18 Jul 1834 Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (2nd time) (s.a.) 18 Jul 1834 - 10 Nov 1834 �tienne Maurice, comte G�rard (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Nov 1834 - 18 Nov 1834 Simon Bernard (1st time) (b. 1779 - d. 1839) 18 Nov 1834 - 12 Mar 1835 �douard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, duc de Tr�vise (b. 1768 - d. 1835) 12 Mar 1835 - 30 Apr 1835 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (b. 1782 - d. 1835) (interim) 30 Apr 1835 - 6 Sep 1836 Nicolas Joseph, marquis Maison (b. 1771 - d. 1840) 6 Sep 1836 - 31 Mar 1839 Simon Bernard (2nd time) (s.a.) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Am�d�e Louis Despans-Cubi�res (1st time) (b. 1786 - d. 1853) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Antoine Virgile Schneider (b. 1779 - d. 1847) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Am�d�e Louis Despans-Cubi�res (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Oct 1840 - 10 Nov 1845 Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (3rd time) (s.a.) 10 Nov 1845 - 9 May 1847 Alexandre Pierre, chevalier Moline de Saint-Yon (b. 1786 - d. 1870) 9 May 1847 - 24 Feb 1848 Camille Alphonse Tr�zel (b. 1780 - d. 1860) 24 Feb 1848 - 25 Feb 1848 Marie Alphonse Bedeau (b. 1804 - d. 1863) 25 Feb 1848 - 20 Mar 1848 Jacques Gervais, baron Subervie (b. 1776 - d. 1856) 20 Mar 1848 - 5 Apr 1848 Louis Eug�ne Cavaignac (1st time) (b. 1802 - d. 1857) 5 Apr 1848 - 11 May 1848 Fran�ois Arago (b. 1786 - d. 1853) 11 May 1848 - 17 May 1848 Jean-Baptiste Adolphe Charras (b. 1810 - d. 1865) (interim) 17 May 1848 - 28 Jun 1848 Louis-Eug�ne Cavaignac (2nd time) (s.a.) 28 Jun 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Louis Juchault de Lamorici�re (b. 1806 - d. 1865) 20 Dec 1848 - 31 Oct 1849 Joseph Marcellin Rulli�re (b. 1787 - d. 1863) 31 Oct 1849 - 22 Oct 1850 Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul (b. 1789 - d. 1865) 22 Oct 1850 - 9 Jan 1851 Jean-Paul, comte Schramm (b. 1789 - d. 1884) 9 Jan 1851 - 24 Jan 1851 Auguste �tienne, comte Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Ang�ly (b. 1794 - d. 1870) 24 Jan 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Jacques Louis C�sar Alexandre Randon (1st time) (b. 1795 - d. 1871) 26 Oct 1851 - 11 Mar 1854 Armand Jacques Achille Leroy de Saint-Arnaud (b. 1798 - d. 1854) 11 Mar 1854 - 5 May 1859 Jean Baptiste Philibert Vaillant (b. 1790 - d. 1872) 5 May 1859 - 20 Jan 1867 Jacques Louis C�sar Alexandre, comte de Randon (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Jan 1867 - 13 Aug 1869 Adolphe Niel (b. 1802 - d. 1869) 7 Aug 1869 - 21 Aug 1869 Charles Rigault de Genouilly (b. 1807 - d. 1873) (acting for Niel to 13 Aug 1869; then interim) 21 Aug 1869 - 20 Jul 1870 Edmond Leboeuf (b. 1809 - d. 1888) 20 Jul 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 Pierre Charles, vicomte Dejean (b. 1807 - d. 1872) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Charles Guillaume Cousin- Montauban, comte de Palikao (b. 1796 - d. 1878)

Administration of the War

Ministers 12 Mar 1803 - 3 Jan 1810 Jean-Fran�ois Dejean (from 1 Jun 1808, Jean-Fran�ois, comte Dejean) (b. 1749 - d. 1824) 3 Jan 1810 - 20 Nov 1813 Jean-G�rard Lacu�e, comte de Cessac (b. 1752 - d. 1841) 20 Nov 1813 - 1 Apr 1814 Pierre Bruno, comte Daru (b. 1767 - d. 1829) 3 Apr 1814 - 13 May 1814 Pierre Antoine, comte Dupont de l'�tang (b. 1765 - d. 1840)

Interior

Ministers 7 Aug 1790 - 25 Jan 1791 Fran�ois Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest (b. 1735 - d. 1821) 25 Jan 1791 - 29 Nov 1791 Claude Antoine Valdec de Lessart (b. 1741 - d. 1792) 29 Nov 1791 - 24 Mar 1792 Bon-Claude Cahier de Gerville (b. 1751 - d. 1796) 24 Mar 1792 - 13 Jun 1792 Jean-Marie Roland de la Plati�re (1st time) (b. 1734 - d. 1793) 13 Jun 1792 - 18 Jun 1792 Jacques Augustin Mourgue (b. 1734 - d. 1818) 18 Jun 1792 - 17 Jul 1792 Antoine Ren�, marquis de Terrier de Monciel (b. 1757 - d. 1831) 17 Jul 1792 - 21 Jul 1792 �tienne Louis Hector Dejoly (b. 1756 - d. 1837) (interim) 21 Jul 1792 - 10 Aug 1792 Cl�ment F�lix Champion de Villeneuve (b. 1748 - d. 1844) 10 Aug 1792 - 23 Jan 1793 Jean-Marie Roland de la Plati�re (2nd time) (s.a.) 23 Jan 1792 - 20 Aug 1793 Dominique Joseph Garat (b. 1749 - d. 1833) (interim to 15 Mar 1793) 20 Aug 1793 - 5 Apr 1794 Jules Fran�ois Par� (b. 1755 - d. 1819) 5 Apr 1794 - 8 Apr 1794 Jean Marie Claude Alexandre Goujon (b. 1766 - d. 1795) (interim) 8 Apr 1794 - 20 Apr 1794 Martial Joseph Armand Herman (b. 1759 - d. 1795) (interim) 3 Nov 1795 - 15 Jul 1797 Pierre B�n�zech (b. 1749 - d. 1802) 15 Jul 1797 - 13 Sep 1797 Nicolas-Louis Fran�ois de Neufch�teau (1st time) (b. 1750 - d. 1828) 13 Sep 1797 - 17 Jun 1798 Fran�ois S�bastien Letourneux (b. 1752 - d. 1814) 17 Jun 1797 - 22 Jun 1799 Nicolas-Louis Fran�ois de Neufch�teau (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Jun 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Nicolas Marie Quinette (b. 1762 - d. 1821) 12 Nov 1799 - 25 Dec 1799 Pierre Simon de Laplace (b. 1749 - d. 1827) 25 Dec 1799 - 7 Nov 1800 Lucien Bonaparte (b. 1775 - d. 1840) 7 Nov 1800 - 7 Aug 1804 Jean-Antoine Chaptal (b. 1756 - d. 1832) (interim to 21 Jan 1801) 7 Aug 1804 - 9 Aug 1807 Jean-Baptiste Nomp�re de Champagny (b. 1756 - d. 1834) 8 Aug 1804 - 4 Nov 1804 Jean �tienne Marie Portalis (b. 1746 - d. 1807) (acting for Champagny) 9 Aug 1807 - 29 Jun 1809 Emmanuel Cr�tet, (from 26 Apr 1808) comte de Champmol (b. 1747 - d. 1809) 29 Jun 1809 - 1 Oct 1809 Joseph, comte Fouch� (from 15 Aug 1809, Joseph Fouch�, duc d'Otrante) (interim) (b. 1759 - d. 1820) 1 Oct 1809 - 1 Apr 1814 Jean-Pierre Bachasson, comte de Montalivet (b. 1766 - d. 1823) 3 Apr 1814 - 13 May 1814 Jacques Claude, comte Beugnot (b. 1761 - d. 1835) 13 May 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Fran�ois Xavier de Montesquiou- Fezensac (b. 1756 - d. 1832) 20 Mar 1815 - 22 Jun 1815 Lazare, comte Carnot (b. 1753 - d. 1823) 22 Jun 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Claude Carnot, dit Carnot-Feulins (b. 1755 - d. 1836) 7 Jul 1815 - 26 Sep 1815 �tienne Denis, baron Pasquier (b. 1767 - d. 1862) 26 Sep 1815 - 7 May 1816 Vincent Marie Vi�not, comte de Vaublanc (b. 1756 - d. 1845) 7 May 1816 - 29 Dec 1818 Joseph Lain� (b. 1767 - d. 1835) 29 Dec 1818 - 20 Feb 1820 �lie, comte Decazes (b. 1780 - d. 1860) 20 Feb 1820 - 14 Dec 1821 Joseph J�r�me, comte Sim�on (b. 1749 - d. 1842) 14 Dec 1821 - 4 Jan 1828 Jacques Joseph Guillaume Pierre Corbi�re (from 17 Aug 1822, Jacques Joseph Guillaume Pierre, comte de Corbi�re) (b. 1767 - d. 1853) 4 Jan 1828 - 8 Aug 1829 Jean-Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac (b. 1778 - d. 1832) 8 Aug 1829 - 18 Nov 1829 Fran�ois R�gis de La Bourdonnaye, comte de La Bret�che (b. 1767 - d. 1839) 18 Nov 1829 - 19 May 1830 Guillaume Isidore Baron de Montbel (b. 1787 - d. 1861) 19 May 1830 - 31 Jul 1830 Pierre Denis, comte de Peyronnet (b. 1778 - d. 1854) 31 Jul 1830 - 1 Aug 1830 Achille Charles L�once Victor, duc de Broglie (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 1 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Fran�ois Guizot (b. 1787 - d. 1874) 2 Nov 1830 - 13 Mar 1831 Marthe Camille Bachasson, comte de Montalivet (1st time) (b. 1801 - d. 1880) 13 Mar 1831 - 27 Apr 1832 Casimir Perier (b. 1777 - d. 1832) 27 Apr 1832 - 11 Oct 1832 Marthe Camille Bachasson, comte de Montalivet (2nd time) (s.a.) 11 Oct 1832 - 31 Dec 1832 Adolphe Thiers (1st time) (b. 1797 - d. 1877) 31 Dec 1832 - 4 Apr 1834 Antoine, comte d'Argout (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 4 Apr 1834 - 10 Nov 1834 Adolphe Thiers (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Nov 1834 - 18 Nov 1834 Hugues Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano (b. 1763 - d. 1839) 18 Nov 1834 - 22 Feb 1836 Adolphe Thiers (3rd time) (s.a.) 22 Feb 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Marthe Camille Bachasson, comte de Montalivet (3rd time) (s.a.) 6 Sep 1836 - 15 Apr 1837 Adrien de Gasparin (1st time) (b. 1783 - d. 1862) 15 Apr 1837 - 31 Mar 1839 Marthe Camille Bachasson, comte de Montalivet (4th time) (s.a.) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Adrien de Gasparin (2nd time) (s.a.) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Charles Marie Tanneguy, comte Duch�tel (1st time) (b. 1803 - d. 1867) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Charles, comte de R�musat (b. 1797 - d. 1875) 29 Oct 1840 - 24 Feb 1848 Charles Marie Tanneguy, comte Duch�tel (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Feb 1848 - 11 May 1848 Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin (b. 1807 - d. 1874) 11 May 1848 - 28 Jun 1848 Adrien Recurt (b. 1797 - d. 1872) 28 Jun 1848 - 13 Oct 1848 Jules S�nard (b. 1800 - d. 1885) 13 Oct 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Jules Armand Dufaure (1st time) (b. 1798 - d. 1881) 20 Dec 1848 - 29 Dec 1848 L�on de Maleville (b. 1803 - d. 1879) 29 Dec 1848 - 2 Jun 1849 L�on Faucher (1st time) (b. 1803 - d. 1854) 2 Jun 1849 - 31 Oct 1849 Jules Armand Dufaure (2nd time) (s.a.) 31 Oct 1849 - 15 Mar 1850 Ferdinand Barrot (b. 1806 - d. 1883) 15 Mar 1850 - 24 Jan 1851 Pierre Jules Baroche (b. 1802 - d. 1870) 24 Jan 1851 - 10 Apr 1851 Claude Marius Va�sse (b. 1799 - d. 1864) 10 Apr 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 L�on Faucher (2nd time) (s.a.) 26 Oct 1851 - 2 Dec 1851 Tiburce de Thorigny (b. 1798 - d. 1869) 2 Dec 1851 - 22 Jan 1852 Charles Auguste, duc de Morny (b. 1811 - d. 1865) 22 Jan 1852 - 23 Jun 1854 Victor Fialin, vicomte de Persigny (from 1852, Victor Fialin, comte de Persigny) (1st time) (b. 1808 - d. 1872) 23 Jun 1854 - 7 Feb 1858 Adolphe Billault (1st time) (b. 1805 - d. 1863) - Interior and General Security - 7 Feb 1858 - 14 Jun 1858 Esprit Charles Marie Espinasse (b. 1815 - d. 1859) - Interior - 14 Jun 1858 - 5 May 1859 Claude Alphonse Delangle (b. 1797 - d. 1869) 5 May 1859 - 1 Nov 1859 Louis Arrighi de Casanova, duc de Padoue (b. 1814 - d. 1888) 1 Nov 1859 - 5 Dec 1860 Adolphe Billault (2nd time) (s.a.) 5 Dec 1860 - 23 Jun 1863 Victor Fialin, comte de Persigny (2nd time) (s.a.) 23 Jun 1863 - 28 Mar 1865 Paul Boudet (b. 1800 - d. 1877) 28 Mar 1865 - 13 Nov 1867 Charles, marquis de La Valette (b. 1806 - d. 1881) 13 Nov 1867 - 17 Dec 1868 Ernest Pinard (b. 1822 - d. 1909) 17 Dec 1868 - 2 Jan 1870 Adolphe de Forcade La Roquette (b. 1820 - d. 1874) 2 Jan 1870 - 18 Aug 1870 Jean-Pierre Napol�on Eug�ne Chevandier de Valdr�me (b. 1810 - d. 1878) 18 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Henri Chevreau (b. 1823 - d. 1903)

Police

13 Sep 1802 - 10 Jul 1804 ministry abolished, duties divided between Ministry of Interior and Ministry of Justice

Ministers - General Police - 4 Jan 1796 - 4 Apr 1796 Philippe Antoine Merlin, dit Merlin de Douai (b. 1754 - d. 1838) 4 Apr 1796 - 15 Jul 1797 Charles Cochon de Lapparent (b. 1750 - d. 1825) 15 Jul 1797 - 25 Jul 1797 Jean-Jacques Lenoir-Laroche (b. 1749 - d. 1825) 25 Jul 1797 - 13 Feb 1798 Jean-Marie Sotin de la Coindi�re (b. 1764 - d. 1810) 13 Feb 1798 - 16 May 1798 Nicolas Dondeau (b. 1752 - d. 1834) 16 May 1798 - 29 Oct 1798 Marie Jean Fran�ois Philibert Lecarlier d'Ardon (b. 1752 - d. 1799) 29 Oct 1798 - 23 Jun 1799 Jean-Pierre Duval (b. 1753 - d. 1817) 23 Jun 1799 - 20 Jul 1799 Claude S�bastien Bourguignon, dit Bourguignon-Dumolard (b. 1760 - d. 1829) 20 Jul 1799 - 13 Sep 1802 Joseph Fouch� (1st time) (b. 1759 - d. 1820) 10 Jul 1804 - 3 Jun 1810 Joseph Fouch� (from 24 Apr 1808, Joseph, comte Fouch�; from 15 Aug 1809, Joseph Fouch�, duc d'Otrante) (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Jun 1810 - 1 Apr 1814 Ren� Savary, duc de Rovigo (b. 1774 - d. 1833) 3 Apr 1814 - 13 May 1814 Jules Angl�s (b. 1778 - d. 1828) 20 Mar 1815 - 22 Jun 1815 Joseph Fouch�, duc d'Otrante (3rd time) (s.a.) 22 Jun 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Jean, comte Pelet de la Loz�re (b. 1759 - d. 1842) - Police - 7 Jul 1815 - 26 Sep 1815 Joseph Fouch�, duc d'Otrante (4th time) (s.a.) 26 Sep 1815 - 29 Dec 1818 �lie, comte Decazes (b. 1780 - d. 1860) 22 Jan 1852 - 21 Jun 1853 Charlemagne de Maupas (b. 1818 - d. 1888)

Secretariat of State

Secretaries of State 25 Dec 1799 - 14 Apr 1811 Hugues Bernard Maret (from 3 May 1809, Hugues Bernard, comte Maret; from 15 Aug 1809, Hugues Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano) (1st time) (b. 1763 - d. 1839) 14 Apr 1811 - 20 Nov 1813 Pierre Bruno, comte Daru (b. 1767 - d. 1829) 20 Nov 1813 - 1 Apr 1814 Hugues Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Apr 1815 - 22 Jun 1815 Hugues Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano (3rd time) (s.a.)

Finances

Controllers-General of Finances 5 Sep 1699 - 20 Feb 1708 Michel de Chamillart (b. 1652 - d. 1721) 20 Feb 1708 - 15 Sep 1715 Nicolas Desmarets (b. 1648 - d. 1721) 1 Oct 1715 - 28 Jan 1718 Adrien Maurice, duc de Noailles (b. 1678 - d. 1766) (president of Finances Council) 28 Jan 1718 - 5 Jan 1720 Henri Jacques Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force (b. 1675 - d. 1726) (president of Finances Council) 5 Jan 1720 - 28 May 1720 John Law (b. 1671 - d. 1729) 28 May 1720 - 11 Dec 1720 Michel Robert Le Peletier des Forts (1st time) (commissioner) (b. 1675 - d. 1740) 11 Dec 1720 - 21 Apr 1722 F�lix Le Pelletier de La Houssaye (b. 1663 - d. 1723) 21 Apr 1722 - 14 Jun 1726 Charles Gaspard Dodun (b. 1676 - d. 1736) 15 Jun 1726 - 19 Mar 1730 Michel Robert Le Peletier des Forts (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Mar 1730 - 5 Dec 1745 Philibert Orry (b. 1689 - d. 1747) 6 Dec 1745 - 30 Jul 1754 Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville (b. 1701 - d. 1794) 30 Jul 1754 - 24 Apr 1756 Jean Moreau de S�chelles (b. 1690 - d. 1760) 24 Apr 1756 - 25 Aug 1757 Fran�ois Marie Peyrenc de Moras (b. 1718 - d. 1771) 25 Aug 1757 - 4 Mar 1759 Jean de Boullongnes (b. 1690 - d. 1769) 4 Mar 1759 - 21 Nov 1759 �tienne de Silhouette (b. 1709 - d. 1767) 23 Nov 1759 - 14 Dec 1763 Henri L�onard Jean Baptiste Bertin (b. 1719 - d. 1792) 14 Dec 1763 - 20 Sep 1768 Cl�ment Charles Fran�ois de Laverdy (b. 1723 - d. 1793) 22 Sep 1768 - 19 Dec 1769 �tienne Maynon d'Invault (b. 1721 - d. 1801) 22 Dec 1769 - 24 Aug 1774 Joseph Marie Terray (b. 1715 - d. 1778) 24 Aug 1774 - 12 May 1776 Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (b. 1721 - d. 1787) 21 May 1776 - 18 Oct 1776 Jean �tienne Bernard Ogier de Clugny (b. 1729 - d. 1776) 21 Oct 1776 - 29 Jun 1777 Louis-Gabriel Taboureau des R�aux (b. 1718 - d. 1782) 29 Jun 1777 - 19 May 1781 Jacques Necker (1st time) (b. 1732 - d. 1804) (general director of finances) 21 May 1781 - 29 Mar 1783 Jean-Fran�ois Joly de Fleury (b. 1718 - d. 1802) 29 Mar 1783 - 1 Nov 1783 Henri Fran�ois de Paule Lef�vre d'Ormesson (b. 1751 - d. 1808) 3 Nov 1783 - 9 Apr 1787 Charles Alexandre de Calonne (b. 1734 - d. 1802) 10 Apr 1787 - 2 May 1787 Michel Bouvard de Fourqueux (b. 1719 - d. 1789) 1 May 1787 - 25 Aug 1788 �tienne Charles de Lom�nie de Brienne (b. 1727 - d. 1794) (head of the Royal Council of Finances) 3 May 1787 - 31 Aug 1787 Pierre-Charles Laurent de Villedeuil (b. 1742 - d. 1828) 31 Aug 1787 - 26 Aug 1788 Charles Claude Guillaume Lambert (1st time) (b. 1726 - d. 1794) 26 Aug 1788 - 13 Jul 1789 Jacques Necker (2nd time) (s.a.) (general director of finances) 13 Jul 1789 - 16 Jul 1789 Joseph Foullon de Dou� (b. 1715 - d. 1789) 13 Jul 1789 - 16 Jul 1789 Louis Charles Auguste Le Tonnelier, baron de Breteuil (b. 1730 - d. 1807) (president of the Royal Council of Finances) 16 Jul 1789 - 4 Sep 1790 Jacques Necker (3rd time) (s.a.) (general director of finances) 4 Sep 1790 - 4 Dec 1790 Charles Claude Guillaume Lambert (2nd time) (s.a.) 4 Dec 1790 - 27 Apr 1791 Claude Antoine Valdec de Lessart (b. 1741 - d. 1792) Ministers - Public Contributions and Revenues - 27 Apr 1791 - 29 May 1791 Claude Antoine Valdec de Lessart (s.a.) 29 May 1791 - 24 Mar 1792 Louis Hardouin Tarb� (b. 1753 - d. 1806) 24 Mar 1792 - 13 Jun 1792 �tienne Clavi�re (1st time) (b. 1735 - d. 1793) 13 Jun 1792 - 18 Jun 1792 Antoine Duranthon (interim) (b. 1736 - d. 1793) 18 Jun 1792 - 29 Jul 1792 Jules �mile Fran�ois Herv� de Beaulieu (b. 1752 - d. 1807) 29 Jul 1792 - 10 Aug 1792 Joseph Delaville-Leroulx (b. 1742 - d. 1803) 10 Aug 1792 - 13 Jun 1793 �tienne Clavi�re (2nd time) (s.a.) 13 Jun 1793 - 20 Apr 1794 Louis Gr�goire Des Champs des Tournelles (b. 1744 - d. 1795) - Finances - 8 Nov 1795 - 14 Feb 1796 Guillaume-Charles Faipoult (b. 1752 - d. 1817) 14 Feb 1796 - 20 Jul 1799 Jacques Ramel de Nogaret (b. 1760 - d. 1829) 20 Jul 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Robert Lindet (b. 1746 - d. 1825) 10 Nov 1799 - 1 Apr 1814 Martin Michel Charles Gaudin (from 26 Apr 1808, Martin Michel Charles, comte Gaudin; from 15 Aug 1809, Martin Michel Charles Gaudin, duc de Ga�te) (1st time) (b. 1756 - d. 1841) 3 Apr 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Joseph Dominique, baron Louis (1st time) (b. 1755 - d. 1837) 20 Mar 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Martin Michel Charles Gaudin, duc de Ga�te (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 Jul 1815 - 26 Sep 1815 Joseph Dominique, baron Louis (2nd time) (s.a.) 26 Sep 1815 - 7 Dec 1818 Louis Emmanuel, comte Corvetto (b. 1756 - d. 1821) 7 Dec 1818 - 29 Dec 1818 Antoine Roy (1st time) (b. 1764 - d. 1847) 29 Dec 1818 - 19 Nov 1819 Joseph Dominique, baron Louis (3rd time) (s.a.) 19 Nov 1819 - 14 Dec 1821 Antoine Roy (2nd time) (s.a.) 14 Dec 1821 - 4 Jan 1828 Joseph de Vill�le (from 1822, Joseph, comte de Vill�le) (b. 1773 - d. 1854) 4 Jan 1828 - 8 Aug 1829 Antoine, comte Roy (3rd time) (s.a.) 8 Aug 1829 - 19 May 1830 Christophe, comte de Chabrol de Crouzol (b. 1771 - d. 1836) 19 May 1830 - 31 Jul 1830 Guillaume Isidore Baron, comte de Montbel (b. 1787 - d. 1861) 31 Jul 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Joseph Dominique, baron Louis (4th time) (s.a.) 2 Nov 1830 - 13 Mar 1831 Jacques Laffitte (b. 1767 - d. 1844) 13 Mar 1831 - 11 Oct 1832 Joseph Dominique, baron Louis (5th time) (s.a.) 11 Oct 1832 - 10 Nov 1834 Jean-Georges Humann (1st time) (b. 1780 - d. 1842) 10 Nov 1834 - 18 Nov 1834 Hippolyte Passy (1st time) (b. 1793 - d. 1880) 18 Nov 1834 - 18 Jan 1836 Jean-Georges Humann (2nd time) (s.a) 18 Jan 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Antoine, comte d'Argout (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 6 Sep 1836 - 15 Apr 1837 Charles Marie Tanneguy, comte Duch�tel (b. 1803 - d. 1867) 15 Apr 1837 - 31 Mar 1839 Jean Pierre Joseph Lacave-Laplagne (1st time) (b. 1795 - d. 1849) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Jean-�lie Gautier (b. 1781 - d. 1858) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Hippolyte Passy (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Privat Joseph Claramond, comte Pelet de la Loz�re (b. 1785 - d. 1871) 29 Oct 1840 - 25 Apr 1842 Jean-Georges Humann (3rd time) (s.a.) 25 Apr 1842 - 9 May 1847 Jean Pierre Joseph Lacave-Laplagne (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 May 1847 - 24 Feb 1848 Pierre Sylvain Dumon (b. 1797 - d. 1870) 24 Feb 1848 - 5 Mar 1848 Michel Goudchaux (1st time) (b. 1797 - d. 1862) 5 Mar 1848 - 11 May 1848 Louis Antoine Garnier-Pag�s (b. 1803 - d. 1878) 11 May 1848 - 28 Jun 1848 Eug�ne Duclerc (b. 1812 - d. 1888) 28 Jun 1848 - 25 Oct 1848 Michel Goudchaux (2nd time) (s.a.) 25 Oct 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Ariste Jacques Trouv�-Chauvel (b. 1805 - d. 1883) 20 Dec 1848 - 31 Oct 1849 Hippolyte Passy (3rd time) (s.a.) 31 Oct 1849 - 24 Jan 1851 Achille Fould (1st time) (b. 1800 - d. 1867) 24 Jan 1851 - 10 Apr 1851 Charles Leb�gue, comte de Germiny (b. 1799 - d. 1871) 10 Apr 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Achille Fould (2nd time) (s.a.) 26 Oct 1851 - 23 Nov 1851 Antoine Blondel (b. 1795 - d. 1886) 23 Nov 1851 - 3 Dec 1851 Fran�ois, comte de Casabianca (b. 1796 - d. 1881) 3 Dec 1851 - 22 Jan 1852 Achille Fould (3rd time) (s.a.) 22 Jan 1852 - 3 Feb 1855 Jean Bineau (b. 1805 - d. 1855) 3 Feb 1855 - 26 Nov 1860 Pierre Magne (1st time) (b. 1806 - d. 1879) 26 Nov 1860 - 14 Nov 1861 Adolphe de Forcade La Roquette (b. 1820 - d. 1874) 14 Nov 1861 - 20 Jan 1867 Achille Fould (4th time) (s.a.) 20 Jan 1867 - 13 Nov 1867 Eug�ne Rouher (b. 1814 - d. 1884) 13 Nov 1867 - 2 Jan 1870 Pierre Magne (2nd time) (s.a.) 2 Jan 1870 - 14 Apr 1870 Louis Joseph Buffet (1st time) (b. 1818 - d. 1898) 14 Apr 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 �mile Alexis Segris (b. 1811 - d. 1880) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Pierre Magne (3rd time) (s.a.)

Treasury

Ministers - Public Treasury - 27 Sep 1801 - 27 Jan 1806 Fran�ois Barb�-Marbois (b. 1745 - d. 1837) 27 Jan 1806 - 1 Apr 1814 Nicolas Fran�ois Mollien (from 26 Apr 1808, Nicolas Fran�ois, comte Mollien (1st time) (b. 1758 - d. 1850) - Imperial Treasury - 20 Mar 1815 - 22 Jun 1815 Nicolas Fran�ois, comte Mollien (2nd time) (s.a.)

Justice

Chancellors of France 5 Sep 1699 - 1 Jul 1714 Louis Ph�lypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain (b. 1643 - d. 1727) 2 Jul 1714 - 2 Feb 1717 Daniel Voysin de La Noiraye (b. 1654 - d. 1717) 3 Feb 1717 - 27 Oct 1750 Henri Fran�ois d'Aguesseau (b. 1668 - d. 1751) 10 Dec 1750 - 14 Sep 1768 Guillaume de Lamoignon de Blancmesnil (b. 1683 - d. 1772) 15 Sep 1768 - 16 Sep 1768 Ren� Charles de Maupeou (interim) (b. 1688 - d. 1775) 16 Sep 1768 - 1 Jul 1790 Ren� Nicolas de Maupeou (b. 1714 - d. 1792) Keepers of the Seals 5 Sep 1699 - 1 Jul 1714 Louis Ph�lypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain (s.a.) 2 Jul 1714 - 2 Feb 1717 Daniel Voysin de La Noiraye (s.a.) 3 Feb 1717 - 28 Jan 1718 Henri Fran�ois d'Aguesseau (1st time) (s.a.) 28 Jan 1718 - 7 Jun 1720 Marc Ren� de Voyer de Paulmy, marquis d'Argenson (b. 1652 - d. 1721) 8 Jun 1720 - 28 Feb 1722 Henri Fran�ois d'Aguesseau (2nd time) (s.a.) 28 Feb 1722 - 17 Aug 1727 Joseph Jean-Baptiste Fleuriau d'Armenonville (b. 1661 - d. 1728) 23 Aug 1727 - 20 Feb 1737 Germain Louis Chauvelin, (from Mar 1734) marquis de Grosbois (b. 1685 - d. 1762) 20 Feb 1737 - 27 Nov 1750 Henri Fran�ois d'Aguesseau (3rd time) (s.a.) 29 Nov 1750 - 1 Feb 1757 Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville (b. 1701 - d. 1794) 1 Feb 1757 - 13 Oct 1761 vacant 13 Oct 1761 - 15 Sep 1762 Nicolas Ren� Berryer (b. 1703 - d. 1762) 27 Sep 1762 - 3 Oct 1763 Paul Esprit Feydeau de Brou (b. 1683 - d. 1767) 3 Oct 1763 - 18 Sep 1768 Ren� Charles de Maupeou (s.a.) 18 Sep 1768 - 24 Aug 1774 Ren� Nicolas de Maupeou (s.a.) 24 Aug 1774 - 8 Apr 1787 Armand Thomas Hue de Miromesnil (b. 1723 - d. 1796) 8 Apr 1787 - 14 Sep 1788 Chr�tien Fran�ois de Lamoignon de Basville (b. 1735 - d. 1789) 17 Sep 1788 - 3 Aug 1789 Charles Louis Fran�ois de Paule de Barentin (b. 1738 - d. 1819) 4 Aug 1789 - 21 Nov 1790 J�r�me Champion de Cic� (b. 1735 - d. 1810) Ministers - Justice - 21 Nov 1790 - 23 Mar 1792 Marguerite Louis Fran�ois Duport-Dutertre (b. 1754 - d. 1793) 23 Mar 1792 - 14 Apr 1792 Jean-Marie Roland de La Plati�re (b. 1734 - d. 1793) (interim) 14 Apr 1792 - 4 Jul 1792 Antoine Duranthon (b. 1736 - d. 1793) 4 Jul 1792 - 10 Aug 1792 �tienne Louis Hector Dejoly (b. 1756 - d. 1837) 10 Aug 1792 - 9 Oct 1792 Georges Jacques Danton (b. 1759 - d. 1794) 9 Oct 1792 - 20 Mar 1793 Dominique Joseph Garat (b. 1749 - d. 1833) 20 Mar 1793 - 20 Apr 1794 Louis J�r�me Gohier (b. 1746 - d. 1830) 3 Nov 1795 - 5 Jan 1796 Philippe Antoine Merlin, dit Merlin de Douai (1st time) (b. 1754 - d. 1838) 5 Jan 1796 - 4 Apr 1796 Charles Fran�ois Jean Joseph Victor G�nissieu (b. 1751 - d. 1804) 4 Apr 1796 - 24 Sep 1797 Philippe Antoine Merlin, dit Merlin de Douai (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Sep 1797 - 20 Jul 1799 Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts (b. 1753 - d. 1823) 20 Jul 1799 - 25 Dec 1799 Jean Jacques R�gis de Cambac�r�s (1st time) (b. 1753 - d. 1824) 25 Dec 1799 - 14 Sep 1802 Andr� Joseph Abrial (b. 1750 - d. 1828) 14 Sep 1802 - 20 Nov 1813 Claude R�gnier (from 21 Aug 1808, Claude, comte R�gnier; from 15 Aug 1809 Claude R�gnier, duc de Massa) (b. 1736 - d. 1814) 20 Nov 1813 - 1 Apr 1814 Mathieu Louis, comte Mol� (b. 1781 - d. 1855) 3 Apr 1814 - 13 May 1814 Pierre Paul Nicolas, baron Henrion de Pansey (b. 1742 - d. 1829) 13 May 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Charles, chevalier Dambray (1st time) (b. 1760 - d. 1829) 20 Mar 1815 - 22 Jun 1815 Jean Jacques R�gis de Cambac�r�s, duc de Parme (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Jun 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Antoine, comte Boulay de la Meurthe (b. 1761 - d. 1840) 9 Jul 1815 - 26 Sep 1815 �tienne Denis, baron Pasquier (1st time) (b. 1767 - d. 1862) 26 Sep 1815 - 7 May 1816 Fran�ois, comte de Barb�-Marbois (b. 1745 - d. 1837) 7 May 1816 - 19 Jan 1817 Charles, chevalier Dambray (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jan 1817 - 29 Dec 1818 �tienne Denis, baron Pasquier (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Dec 1818 - 14 Dec 1821 Pierre Fran�ois Hercule, comte de Serre (b. 1776 - d. 1824) 14 Dec 1821 - 4 Jan 1828 Pierre Denis de Peyronnet (from 17 Aug 1822, Pierre Denis, comte de Peyronnet) (b. 1778 - d. 1854) 4 Jan 1828 - 14 May 1829 Joseph Marie, comte Portalis (b. 1778 - d. 1858) 14 May 1829 - 8 Aug 1829 Pierre Alpinien Bertrand Bourdeau (b. 1770 - d. 1845) 8 Aug 1829 - 19 May 1830 Jean Joseph Antoine de Courvoisier (b. 1775 - d. 1835) 19 May 1830 - 31 Jul 1830 Jean de Chantelauze (b. 1787 - d. 1859) 31 Jul 1830 - 27 Dec 1830 Jacques Charles Dupont de l'Eure (b. 1767 - d. 1855) 27 Dec 1830 - 13 Mar 1831 Joseph M�rilhou (b. 1788 - d. 1856) 13 Mar 1831 - 4 Apr 1834 F�lix Barthe (1st time) (b. 1795 - d. 1863) 4 Apr 1834 - 22 Feb 1836 Jean-Charles Persil (1st time) (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 22 Feb 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Paul Sauzet (b. 1800 - d. 1876) 6 Sep 1836 - 15 Apr 1837 Jean Persil (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 Apr 1837 - 31 Mar 1839 F�lix Barthe (2nd time) (s.a.) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Louis Gaspard Am�d�e, baron Girod de l'Ain (b. 1781 - d. 1847) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Jean-Baptiste Teste (b. 1780 - d. 1852) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Alexandre Fran�ois Vivien (b. 1799 - d. 1854) 29 Oct 1840 - 12 Mar 1847 Nicolas Martin du Nord (from 21 Feb 1847, Nicolas, comte Martin du Nord) (b. 1790 - d. 1847) 14 Mar 1847 - 24 Feb 1848 Michel Pierre Alexis H�bert (b. 1799 - d. 1887) 24 Feb 1848 - 7 Jun 1848 Adolphe Cr�mieux (1st time) (b. 1796 - d. 1880) 7 Jun 1848 - 17 Jul 1848 Eug�ne Bethmont (b. 1804 - d. 1860) 17 Jul 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Alexandre Marie (b. 1795 - d. 1870) 20 Dec 1848 - 31 Oct 1849 Odilon Barrot (b. 1791 - d. 1873) 31 Oct 1849 - 26 Oct 1851 Eug�ne Rouher (1st time) (b. 1814 - d. 1884) 26 Oct 1851 - 1 Nov 1851 Joseph Corbin 1 Nov 1851 - 3 Dec 1851 Alfred Daviel (b. 1800 - d. 1856) 3 Dec 1851 - 22 Jan 1852 Eug�ne Rouher (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Jan 1852 - 11 Nov 1857 Jacques Pierre Charles Abbatucci (b. 1792 - d. 1857) 16 Nov 1857 - 5 May 1859 Paul de Royer (b. 1808 - d. 1877) 5 May 1859 - 23 Jun 1863 Claude Alphonse Delangle (b. 1797 - d. 1869) 23 Jun 1863 - 17 Jul 1869 Pierre Jules Baroche (b. 1802 - d. 1870) 17 Jul 1869 - 2 Jan 1870 Jean-Baptiste Duvergier (b. 1792 - d. 1877) 2 Jan 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 �mile Ollivier (b. 1825 - d. 1913) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Michel Grandperret (b. 1818 - d. 1890)

Marine and Colonies

Ministers (to about 1789, secretaries of state) 6 Sep 1699 - 1 Oct 1715 J�r�me de Pontchartrain (b. 1674 - d. 1747) 1 Oct 1715 - 24 Sep 1718 Louis Alexandre de Bourbon, comte de Toulouse (b. 1678 - d. 1737) + Victor Marie d'Estr�es (b. 1660 - d. 1737) (presidents of Council of Marine) 24 Sep 1718 - 28 Feb 1722 Joseph Jean-Baptiste Fleuriau d'Armenonville (b. 1661 - d. 1728) 28 Feb 1722 - 16 Aug 1723 Charles Jean-Baptiste Fleuriau, comte de Morville (b. 1686 - d. 1732) 16 Aug 1723 - 23 Apr 1749 Jean-Fr�d�ric Ph�lypeaux, comte de Maurepas (b. 1701 - d. 1781) 30 Apr 1749 - 24 Jul 1754 Antoine Louis Rouill� (b. 1689 - d. 1761) 24 Jul 1754 - 1 Feb 1757 Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville (b. 1701 - d. 1794) 1 Feb 1757 - 31 May 1758 Fran�ois Marie Peyrenc de Moras (b. 1718 - d. 1771) 31 May 1758 - 31 Oct 1758 Claude Louis d'Espinchal, marquis de Massiac (b. 1686 - d. 1770) 31 Oct 1758 - 13 Oct 1761 Nicolas Ren� Berryer (b. 1703 - d. 1762) 15 Oct 1761 - 10 Apr 1766 �tienne Fran�ois, duc de Choiseul (b. 1719 - d. 1785) 10 Apr 1766 - 24 Dec 1770 C�sar Gabriel de Choiseul- Chevigny, duc de Praslin (b. 1712 - d. 1785) 24 Dec 1770 - 9 Apr 1771 Joseph Marie Terray (interim) (b. 1715 - d. 1778) 9 Apr 1771 - 20 Jul 1774 Pierre �tienne Bourgeois de Boynes (b. 1718 - d. 1783) 20 Jul 1774 - 24 Aug 1774 Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (b. 1721 - d. 1787) 24 Aug 1774 - 13 Oct 1780 Gabriel de Sartine (b. 1729 - d. 1801) 13 Oct 1780 - 24 Aug 1787 Charles Eug�ne de La Croix, marquis de Castries (b. 1727 - d. 1801) 25 Aug 1787 - 24 Dec 1787 Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin Saint-H�rem (b. 1746 - d. 1792) 24 Dec 1787 - 13 Jul 1789 C�sar Henri, comte de La Luzerne (1st time) (b. 1737 - d. 1799) 13 Jul 1789 - 16 Jul 1789 Arnaud de Laporte (b. 1737 - d. 1793) 16 Jul 1789 - 26 Oct 1790 C�sar Henri, comte de La Luzerne (2nd time) (s.a.) 26 Oct 1790 - 17 May 1791 Charles Pierre Claret de Fleurieu (b. 1738 - d. 1810) 17 May 1791 - 18 Sep 1791 Antoine Jean Marie Th�venard (b. 1733 - d. 1815) 18 Sep 1791 - 7 Oct 1791 Claude Antoine Valdec de Lessart (b. 1741 - d. 1792) (interim) 7 Oct 1791 - 16 Mar 1792 Antoine Fran�ois, comte Bertrand de Molleville (b. 1744 - d. 1818) 16 Mar 1792 - 21 Jul 1792 Jean de Lacoste (b. 1730 - d. 1820) 21 Jul 1792 - 10 Aug 1792 Fran�ois Joseph de Gratet, vicomte Dubouchage (1st time) (b. 1749 - d. 1821) 10 Aug 1792 - 10 Apr 1793 Gaspard Monge (b. 1746 - d. 1818) 10 Apr 1793 - 20 Apr 1794 Jean Dalbarade (b. 1743 - d. 1819) Commissioners 20 Apr 1794 - 2 Jul 1795 Jean Dalbarade (s.a.) 2 Jul 1795 - 4 Nov 1795 Jean-Claude Redon de Beaupr�au (b. 1738 - d. 1815) Ministers 4 Nov 1795 - 15 Jul 1797 Laurent Jean Fran�ois Truguet (b. 1752 - d. 1839) 13 Dec 1796 - 30 Dec 1796 Pierre B�n�zech (acting for Truguet) (b. 1749 - d. 1802) 15 Jul 1797 - 27 Apr 1798 Georges Ren� Le Peley de Pl�ville (b. 1726 - d. 1805) 27 Apr 1798 - 4 Mar 1799 Eustache Bruix (b. 1759 - d. 1805) 4 Mar 1799 - 7 Mar 1799 Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts (b. 1753 - d. 1823) (interim) 7 Mar 1799 - 2 Jul 1799 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand- P�rigord (interim) (b. 1754 - d. 1838) 2 Jul 1799 - 22 Nov 1799 Marc Antoine Bourdon de Vatry (b. 1761 - d. 1828) 22 Nov 1799 - 3 Oct 1801 Pierre Alexandre Forfait (b. 1752 - d. 1807) 3 Oct 1801 - 1 Apr 1814 Denis Decr�s (from 4 Jul 1808, Denis, comte Decr�s; from 28 Apr 1810, Denis, duc Decr�s) (1st time) (b. 1761 - d. 1820) - Marine - 3 Apr 1814 - 7 Sep 1814 Pierre Victor, baron Malouet (b. 1740 - d. 1814) 7 Sep 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Jacques Claude, comte Beugnot (b. 1761 - d. 1835) - Marine and Colonies - 20 Mar 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Denis, duc Decr�s (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 Jul 1815 - 26 Sep 1815 Fran�ois Arnail, comte de Jaucourt (b. 1757 - d. 1852) 26 Sep 1815 - 23 Jun 1817 Fran�ois Joseph de Gratet, vicomte Dubouchage (2nd time) (s.a.) 23 Jun 1817 - 12 Sep 1817 Laurent, marquis de Gouvion Saint-Cyr (b. 1764 - d. 1830) 12 Sep 1817 - 29 Dec 1818 Mathieu Louis, comte Mol� (b. 1781 - d. 1855) 29 Dec 1818 - 14 Dec 1821 Pierre Barth�lemy, baron Portal (b. 1765 - d. 1845) 14 Dec 1821 - 4 Aug 1824 Aim�, marquis de Clermont-Tonnerre (b. 1779 - d. 1865) 4 Aug 1824 - 3 Mar 1828 Christophe, comte de Chabrol de Crouzol (b. 1771 - d. 1836) 3 Mar 1828 - 8 Aug 1829 Jean-Guillaume, baron Hyde de Neuville (b. 1776 - d. 1857) 8 Aug 1829 - 23 Aug 1829 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (1st time) (b. 1782 - d. 1835) 23 Aug 1829 - 31 Jul 1830 Charles Lemercier de Longpr�, baron d'Haussez (b. 1778 - d. 1851) - Marine - 31 Jul 1830 - 1 Aug 1830 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (2nd time) (s.a.) - Marine and Colonies - 1 Aug 1830 - 11 Aug 1830 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (s.a.) 11 Aug 1830 - 17 Nov 1830 Horace Fran�ois Bastien, baron S�bastiani (b. 1772 - d. 1851) 17 Nov 1830 - 13 Mar 1831 Antoine, comte d'Argout (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 13 Mar 1831 - 4 Apr 1834 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (3rd time) (s.a.) 4 Apr 1834 - 19 May 1834 Albin Reine, baron Roussin (1st time) (b. 1781 - d. 1854) 19 May 1834 - 10 Nov 1834 Louis L�on, comte Jacob (b. 1768 - d. 1854) 10 Nov 1834 - 18 Nov 1834 Charles, baron Dupin (b. 1784 - d. 1873) 18 Nov 1834 - 6 Sep 1836 Victor Guy, baron Duperr� (1st time) (b. 1775 - d. 1846) 6 Sep 1836 - 31 Mar 1839 Claude Charles Marie du Campe de Rosamel (b. 1774 - d. 1848) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Jean Marguerite Tupinier (b. 1779 - d. 1850) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Victor Guy, baron Duperr� (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Albin Reine, baron Roussin (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Oct 1840 - 7 Feb 1843 Victor Guy, baron Duperr� (3rd time) (s.a.) 7 Feb 1843 - 24 Jul 1843 Albin Reine, baron Roussin (3rd time) (s.a.) 24 Jul 1843 - 9 May 1847 Ange Ren� Armand, baron de Mackau (b. 1788 - d. 1855) 9 May 1847 - 24 Feb 1848 Napol�on Auguste Lannes, duc de Montebello (b. 1801 - d. 1874) 24 Feb 1848 - 11 May 1848 Fran�ois Arago (b. 1786 - d. 1853) 11 May 1848 - 28 Jun 1848 Joseph Gr�goire Cazy (b. 1787 - d. 1862) 28 Jun 1848 - 17 Jul 1848 Jules Bastide (b. 1800 - d. 1879) 17 Jul 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Raymond de Verninac de Saint-Maur (b. 1794 - d. 1873) 20 Dec 1848 - 31 Oct 1849 Alexandre C�sar Victor Charles Destutt de Tracy (b. 1781 - d. 1864) 31 Oct 1849 - 9 Jan 1851 Joseph Romain-Desfoss�s (b. 1798 - d. 1864) 9 Jan 1851 - 24 Jan 1851 Th�odore Ducos (1st time) (b. 1801 - d. 1855) 24 Jan 1851 - 10 Apr 1851 Auguste Nicolas Vaillant (b. 1793 - d. 1858) 10 Apr 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Justin de Chasseloup-Laubat (1st time) (b. 1805 - d. 1873) 26 Oct 1851 - 3 Dec 1851 Hippolyte Fortoul (b. 1811 - d. 1856) 3 Dec 1851 - 17 Apr 1855 Th�odore Ducos (2nd time) (s.a.) 27 Mar 1855 - 19 Apr 1855 Jacques Abbatucci (acting for Ducos to 17 Apr 1855; then interim) (b. 1792 - d. 1857) 19 Apr 1855 - 24 Jun 1858 Ferdinand Hamelin (b. 1796 - d. 1864) - Marine - 24 Jun 1858 - 24 Nov 1860 Ferdinand Hamelin (s.a.) - Marine and Colonies - 24 Nov 1860 - 20 Jan 1867 Justin de Chasseloup-Laubat (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Jan 1867 - 4 Sep 1870 Charles Rigault de Genouilly (b. 1807 - d. 1873)

Public Instruction

Ministers 10 Feb 1828 - 8 Aug 1829 Antoine Fran�ois Henri Lefebvre de Vatimesnil (b. 1789 - d. 1860) 8 Aug 1829 - 18 Nov 1829 Guillaume Isidore Baron de Montbel (b. 1787 - d. 1861) 18 Nov 1829 - 31 Jul 1830 Martial, comte de Guernon-Ranville (b. 1787 - d. 1866) 31 Jul 1830 - 1 Aug 1830 Fran�ois Guizot (1st time) (b. 1787 - d. 1874) 1 Aug 1830 - 11 Aug 1830 Louis, baron Bignon (b. 1771 - d. 1841) 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Achille Charles L�once Victor, duc de Broglie (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 2 Nov 1830 - 27 Nov 1830 Joseph M�rilhou (b. 1788 - d. 1856) 27 Nov 1830 - 13 Mar 1831 F�lix Barthe (b. 1795 - d. 1863) 13 Mar 1831 - 30 Apr 1832 Marthe Camille Bachasson, comte de Montalivet (b. 1801 - d. 1880) 30 Apr 1832 - 11 Oct 1832 Louis Gaspard Am�d�e, baron Girod de l'Ain (b. 1781 - d. 1847) 11 Oct 1832 - 10 Nov 1834 Fran�ois Guizot (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Nov 1834 - 18 Nov 1834 Jean-Baptiste Teste (b. 1780 - d. 1852) 18 Nov 1834 - 22 Feb 1836 Fran�ois Guizot (3rd time) (s.a.) 22 Feb 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Privat Joseph Claramond, comte Pelet de la Loz�re (b. 1785 - d. 1871) 6 Sep 1836 - 15 Apr 1837 Fran�ois Guizot (4th time) (s.a.) 15 Apr 1837 - 31 Mar 1839 Narcisse Achille de Salvandy (1st time) (b. 1795 - d. 1856) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Narcisse Parant (b. 1794 - d. 1842) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Abel-Fran�ois Villemain (1st time) (b. 1790 - d. 1870) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Victor Cousin (b. 1792 - d. 1867) 29 Oct 1840 - 1 Feb 1845 Abel-Fran�ois Villemain (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Feb 1845 - 24 Feb 1848 Narcisse Achille de Salvandy (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Feb 1848 - 5 Jul 1848 Hippolyte Carnot (b. 1801 - d. 1888) 5 Jul 1848 - 13 Oct 1848 Achille Tenaille de Vaulabelle (b. 1799 - d. 1869) 13 Oct 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Alexandre Pierre Freslon (b. 1808 - d. 1867) 20 Dec 1848 - 31 Oct 1849 Alfred Fr�d�ric, comte de Falloux (b. 1811 - d. 1886) 31 Oct 1849 - 24 Jan 1851 Marie Louis Pierre F�lix Esquirou de Parieu (b. 1815 - d. 1893) 24 Jan 1851 - 10 Apr 1851 Charles Giraud (1st time) (b. 1802 - d. 1881) 10 Apr 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Marie Jean Pierre Pie Fr�d�ric Dombidau de Crouseilhes (b. 1792 - d. 1861) 26 Oct 1851 - 3 Dec 1851 Charles Giraud (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Dec 1851 - 7 Jun 1856 Hippolyte Fortoul (b. 1811 - d. 1856) 13 Aug 1856 - 23 Jun 1863 Gustave Rouland (b. 1806 - d. 1878) 23 Jun 1863 - 17 Jul 1869 Victor Duruy (b. 1811 - d. 1894) 17 Jul 1869 - 2 Jan 1870 Louis Olivier Bourbeau (b. 1811 - d. 1877) 2 Jan 1870 - 14 Apr 1870 �mile Alexis Segris (b. 1811 - d. 1880) 14 Apr 1870 - 15 May 1870 Maurice Richard (interim) (b. 1832 - d. 1888) 15 May 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 Jacques Philippe M�ge (b. 1817 - d. 1878) 10 Aug 1870 - 23 Aug 1870 Jules Louis Joseph Brame (b. 1808 - d. 1878) - Public Instruction and Fine Arts - 23 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Jules Louis Joseph Brame (s.a.)

Arts

Ministers - Fine Arts - 23 Jun 1863 - 2 Jan 1870 Jean Baptiste Philibert, comte Vaillant (b. 1790 - d. 1872) 2 Jan 1870 - 15 May 1870 Maurice Richard (b. 1832 - d. 1888) - Letters, Sciences, and Arts - 15 May 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 Maurice Richard (s.a.)

King's House

Secretaries of state 5 Sep 1699 - 7 Nov 1715 J�r�me de Pontchartrain (b. 1674 - d. 1747) 7 Nov 1715 - 1718 Louis Ph�lypeaux, marquis de La Vrilli�re (b. 1672 - d. 1725) 1718 - 23 Apr 1749 Jean-Fr�d�ric Ph�lypeaux, comte de Maurepas (b. 1701 - d. 1781) 23 Apr 1749 - 21 Jul 1775 Louis Ph�lypeaux, comte de Saint-Florentin (from 1700, duc de La Vrilli�re) (b. 1705 - d. 1777) 21 Jul 1775 - 12 May 1776 Chr�tien-Guillaume de Lamoignon de Malesherbes (b. 1721 - d. 1794) 12 May 1776 - 18 Nov 1783 Antoine-Jean Amelot de Chaillou (b. 1732 - d. 1795) 18 Nov 1783 - 27 Jul 1788 Louis-Charles-Auguste Le Tonnelier, baron de Breteuil (b. 1730 - d. 1807) 27 Jul 1788 - 13 Jul 1789 Pierre-Charles Laurent de Villedeuil (b. 1742 - d. 1828) Ministers 19 Jul 1789 - 25 Jan 1791 Fran�ois-Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest (b. 1735 - d. 1821) 29 May 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Pierre Jean Casimir, duc de Blacas d'Aulps (b. 1771 - d. 1839) 1 Nov 1820 - 4 Aug 1824 Jacques Alexandre Bernard Law, marquis de Lauriston (b. 1768 - d. 1828) 4 Aug 1824 - 4 Jan 1828 Ambroise Polycarpe de La Rochefoucauld, duc de Doudeauville (b. 1765 - d. 1841) - Emperor's House - 14 Dec 1852 - 23 Nov 1860 Achille Fould (b. 1800 - d. 1867) 4 Dec 1860 - 10 Aug 1870 Jean Baptiste Philibert, comte Vaillant (b. 1790 - d. 1872)

Ministry of State

Ministers of State 22 Jan 1852 - 28 Jul 1852 Fran�ois, comte de Casabianca (b. 1796 - d. 1881) 28 Jul 1852 - 23 Nov 1860 Achille Fould (b. 1800 - d. 1867) 23 Nov 1860 - 23 Jun 1863 Alexandre Colonna, comte Walewski (b. 1810 - d. 1868) 23 Jun 1863 - 13 Oct 1863 Adolphe Billault (b. 1805 - d. 1863) 13 Oct 1863 - 17 Jul 1869 Eug�ne Rouher (b. 1814 - d. 1884)

Council of State

Ministers presiding 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Achille Charles L�once Victor, duc de Broglie (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 2 Nov 1830 - 27 Nov 1830 Joseph M�rilhou (b. 1788 - d. 1856) 27 Nov 1830 - 11 Oct 1832 F�lix Barthe (b. 1795 - d. 1863) 30 Dec 1852 - 23 Jun 1863 Pierre Jules Baroche (b. 1802 - d. 1870) 23 Jun 1863 - 18 Oct 1863 Eug�ne Rouher (b. 1814 - d. 1884) 18 Oct 1863 - 28 Sep 1864 Gustave Rouland (b. 1806 - d. 1878) 28 Sep 1864 - 17 Jul 1869 Adolphe Vuitry (b. 1813 - d. 1885) 17 Jul 1869 - 2 Jan 1870 Justin de Chasseloup-Laubat (b. 1805 - d. 1873) 2 Jan 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 Marie Louis Pierre F�lix Esquirou de Parieu (b. 1815 - d. 1893) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Jules Henry Busson-Billault (b. 1823 - d. 1888)

Worship

Ministers 11 Jul 1804 - 25 Aug 1807 Jean �tienne Marie Portalis (b. 1746 - d. 1807) 4 Jan 1808 - 1 Apr 1814 F�lix, comte Bigot de Pr�ameneu (b. 1747 - d. 1825) - Ecclesiastical Affairs - 26 Aug 1824 - 3 Mar 1828 Denis Luc Antoine, comte Frayssinous (b. 1765 - d. 1841) 3 Mar 1828 - 8 Aug 1829 Fran�ois Jean Hyacinthe Feutrier (b. 1785 - d. 1830) 8 Aug 1829 - 18 Nov 1829 Guillaume Isidore Baron de Montbel (b. 1787 - d. 1861) 18 Nov 1829 - 31 Jul 1830 Martial, comte de Guernon-Ranville (b. 1787 - d. 1866) - Worship - 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Achille Charles L�once Victor, duc de Broglie (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 2 Nov 1830 - 27 Nov 1830 Joseph M�rilhou (b. 1788 - d. 1856) 27 Nov 1830 - 13 Mar 1831 F�lix Barthe (1st time) (b. 1795 - d. 1863) 13 Mar 1831 - 30 Apr 1832 Marthe Camille Bachasson, comte de Montalivet (b. 1801 - d. 1880) 30 Apr 1832 - 11 Oct 1832 Louis Gaspard Am�d�e, baron Girod de l'Ain (1st time) (b. 1781 - d. 1847) 31 Dec 1832 - 4 Apr 1834 Antoine, comte d'Argout (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 4 Apr 1834 - 22 Feb 1836 Jean-Charles Persil (1st time) (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 22 Feb 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Paul Sauzet (b. 1800 - d. 1876) 6 Sep 1836 - 15 Apr 1837 Jean Persil (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 Apr 1837 - 31 Mar 1839 F�lix Barthe (2nd time) (s.a.) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Louis Gaspard Am�d�e, baron Girod de l'Ain (2nd time) (s.a.) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Jean-Baptiste Teste (b. 1780 - d. 1852) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Alexandre Fran�ois Vivien (b. 1799 - d. 1854) 29 Oct 1840 - 12 Mar 1847 Nicolas Martin du Nord (b. 1790 - d. 1847) 14 Mar 1847 - 24 Feb 1848 Michel Pierre Alexis H�bert (b. 1799 - d. 1887) 24 Feb 1848 - 11 May 1848 Hippolyte Carnot (1st time) (b. 1801 - d. 1888) 11 May 1848 - 28 Jun 1848 Eug�ne Bethmont (b. 1804 - d. 1860) 28 Jun 1848 - 5 Jul 1848 Hippolyte Carnot (2nd time) (s.a.) 5 Jul 1848 - 13 Oct 1848 Achille Tenaille de Vaulabelle (b. 1799 - d. 1869) 13 Oct 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Alexandre Pierre Freslon (b. 1808 - d. 1867) 20 Dec 1848 - 31 Oct 1849 Alfred Fr�d�ric, comte de Falloux (b. 1811 - d. 1886) 31 Oct 1849 - 24 Jan 1851 Marie Louis Pierre F�lix Esquirou de Parieu (b. 1815 - d. 1893) 24 Jan 1851 - 10 Apr 1851 Charles Giraud (1st time) (b. 1802 - d. 1881) 10 Apr 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Marie Jean Pierre Pie Fr�d�ric Dombidau de Crouseilhes (b. 1792 - d. 1861) 26 Oct 1851 - 3 Dec 1851 Charles Giraud (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Dec 1851 - 7 Jun 1856 Hippolyte Fortoul (b. 1811 - d. 1856) 13 Aug 1856 - 23 Jun 1863 Gustave Rouland (b. 1806 - d. 1878) 23 Jun 1863 - 17 Jul 1869 Pierre Jules Baroche (b. 1802 - d. 1870) 17 Jul 1869 - 2 Jan 1870 Jean-Baptiste Duvergier (b. 1792 - d. 1877) 2 Jan 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 �mile Ollivier (b. 1825 - d. 1913) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Michel Grandperret (b. 1818 - d. 1890)

Public Works

Ministers 19 May 1830 - 31 Jul 1830 Guillaume Antoine Beno�t, baron Cappelle (b. 1775 - d. 1843) 31 Jul 1830 - 1 Aug 1830 Achille Charles L�once Victor, duc de Broglie (b. 1785 - d. 1870) 13 Mar 1831 - 31 Dec 1832 Antoine, comte d'Argout (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 31 Dec 1832 - 4 Apr 1834 Adolphe Thiers (b. 1797 - d. 1877) 22 Feb 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Hippolyte Passy (b. 1793 - d. 1880) 19 Sep 1836 - 31 Mar 1839 Nicolas Martin du Nord (b. 1790 - d. 1847) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Adrien de Gasparin (b. 1783 - d. 1862) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Jules Armand Dufaure (b. 1798 - d. 1881) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Hippolyte Fran�ois Jaubert (b. 1798 - d. 1874) 29 Oct 1840 - 16 Dec 1843 Jean-Baptiste Teste (b. 1780 - d. 1852) 16 Dec 1843 - 9 May 1847 Pierre Sylvain Dumon (b. 1797 - d. 1870) 9 May 1847 - 24 Feb 1848 Hippolyte Paul Jayr (b. 1801 - d. 1900) 24 Feb 1848 - 11 May 1848 Alexandre Marie (b. 1795 - d. 1870) 11 May 1848 - 28 Jun 1848 Ulysse Tr�lat (b. 1798 - d. 1879) 28 Jun 1848 - 13 Oct 1848 Adrien Recurt (b. 1797 - d. 1872) 13 Oct 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Alexandre Fran�ois Vivien (b. 1799 - d. 1854) 20 Dec 1848 - 29 Dec 1848 L�on Faucher (b. 1803 - d. 1854) 29 Dec 1848 - 31 Oct 1849 Th�obald de Lacrosse (1st time) (b. 1796 - d. 1865) 31 Oct 1849 - 9 Jan 1851 Jean Bineau (b. 1805 - d. 1855) 9 Jan 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Pierre Magne (1st time) (b. 1806 - d. 1879) 26 Oct 1851 - 3 Dec 1851 Th�obald de Lacrosse (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Dec 1851 - 25 Jan 1852 Pierre Magne (2nd time) (s.a.) 25 Jan 1852 - 28 Jul 1852 No�l Jacques Lefebvre-Durufl� (b. 1792 - d. 1877) 28 Jul 1852 - 3 Feb 1855 Pierre Magne (3rd time) (s.a.) 3 Feb 1855 - 23 Jun 1863 Eug�ne Rouher (b. 1814 - d. 1884) 23 Jun 1863 - 20 Jan 1867 Armand B�hic (b. 1809 - d. 1891) 20 Jan 1867 - 17 Dec 1868 Adolphe de Forcade La Roquette (b. 1820 - d. 1874) 17 Dec 1868 - 2 Jan 1870 Edmond Vall�ry Gressier (b. 1813 - d. 1892) 2 Jan 1870 - 15 May 1870 Auguste �lisabeth Joseph Bonamour, marquis de Talhou�t (b. 1819 - d. 1884) 15 May 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 Charles Ignace Plichon (b. 1814 - d. 1888) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 J�r�me Fr�d�ric Paul, baron David (b. 1823 - d. 1882)

Commerce

Ministers - Commerce and Factories - 16 Jan 1812 - 1 Apr 1814 Jean-Baptiste Collin, comte de Sussy (b. 1750 - d. 1826) - Commerce and Colonies - 29 Jan 1828 - 8 Aug 1829 Pierre Laurent Barth�lemy, comte de Saint-Cricq (b. 1772 - d. 1854) - Commerce - 13 Mar 1831 - 31 Dec 1832 Antoine, comte d'Argout (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 31 Dec 1832 - 4 Apr 1834 Adolphe Thiers (b. 1797 - d. 1877) 4 Apr 1834 - 10 Nov 1834 Charles Marie Tanneguy, comte Duch�tel (1st time) (b. 1803 - d. 1867) 10 Nov 1834 - 18 Nov 1834 Jean-Baptiste Teste (b. 1780 - d. 1852) 18 Nov 1834 - 22 Feb 1836 Charles Marie Tanneguy, comte Duch�tel (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Feb 1836 - 6 Sep 1836 Hippolyte Passy (b. 1793 - d. 1880) - Agriculture and Commerce - 19 Sep 1836 - 31 Mar 1839 Nicolas Martin du Nord (b. 1790 - d. 1847) 31 Mar 1839 - 12 May 1839 Adrien de Gasparin (b. 1783 - d. 1862) 12 May 1839 - 1 Mar 1840 Laurent Cunin-Gridaine (1st time) (b. 1778 - d. 1859) 1 Mar 1840 - 29 Oct 1840 Alexandre Gouin (b. 1792 - d. 1872) 29 Oct 1840 - 24 Feb 1848 Laurent Cunin-Gridaine (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Feb 1848 - 11 May 1848 Eug�ne Bethmont (b. 1804 - d. 1860) 11 May 1848 - 28 Jun 1848 Ferdinand Flocon (b. 1800 - d. 1866) 28 Jun 1848 - 20 Dec 1848 Charles Gilbert Tourret (b. 1795 - d. 1858) 20 Dec 1848 - 29 Dec 1848 Jacques Alexandre Bixio (b. 1808 - d. 1865) 29 Dec 1848 - 2 Jun 1849 Louis Joseph Buffet (1st time) (b. 1818 - d. 1898) 2 Jun 1849 - 31 Oct 1849 Victor Ambroise Lanjuinais (b. 1802 - d. 1869) 31 Oct 1849 - 9 Jan 1851 Jean-Baptiste Dumas (b. 1800 - d. 1884) 9 Jan 1851 - 24 Jan 1851 Louis Bernard Bonjean (b. 1804 - d. 1871) 24 Jan 1851 - 10 Apr 1851 Eug�ne Schneider (b. 1805 - d. 1875) 10 Apr 1851 - 26 Oct 1851 Louis Joseph Buffet (2nd time) (s.a.) 26 Oct 1851 - 26 Nov 1851 Fran�ois, comte de Casabianca (b. 1796 - d. 1881) 26 Nov 1851 - 25 Jan 1852 No�l-Jacques Lefebvre-Durufl� (b. 1792 - d. 1877) 25 Jan 1852 - 14 Feb 1853 Victor Fialin, comte de Persigny (b. 1808 - d. 1872) 23 Jun 1853 - 3 Feb 1855 Pierre Magne (b. 1806 - d. 1879) 3 Feb 1855 - 23 Jun 1863 Eug�ne Rouher (b. 1814 - d. 1884) 23 Jun 1863 - 20 Jan 1867 Armand B�hic (b. 1809 - d. 1891) 20 Jan 1867 - 17 Dec 1868 Adolphe de Forcade La Roquette (b. 1820 - d. 1874) 17 Dec 1868 - 17 Jul 1869 Edmond Vall�ry Gressier (b. 1813 - d. 1892) 17 Jul 1869 - 2 Jan 1870 Alfred Leroux (b. 1815 - d. 1880) 2 Jan 1870 - 10 Aug 1870 Charles Louvet de Couvray (b. 1806 - d. 1882) 10 Aug 1870 - 4 Sep 1870 Cl�ment Aim� Jean Duvernois (b. 1836 - d. 1879)

Executive Directory

Directors 2 Nov 1795 - 4 Sep 1797 Lazare Carnot (b. 1753 - d. 1823) 2 Nov 1795 - 26 May 1797 �tienne Fran�ois Louis Honor� Letourneur (or Charles Fran�ois Louis Honor� Letourneur) (b. 1751 - d. 1817) 2 Nov 1795 - 18 Jun 1799 Louis Marie La R�velli�re, dit La R�velli�re-L�peaux (b. 1753 - d. 1824) 2 Nov 1795 - 16 May 1799 Jean-Fran�ois Reubell (b. 1747 - d. 1807) 2 Nov 1795 - 10 Nov 1799 Jean Nicolas Paul Fran�ois Barras (b. 1755 - d. 1829) 26 May 1797 - 4 Sep 1797 Fran�ois-Marie de Barth�lemy (b. 1747 - d. 1830) 4 Sep 1797 - 15 May 1799 Nicolas-Louis Fran�ois de Neufch�teau (b. 1750 - d. 1828) 4 Sep 1797 - 18 Jun 1799 Philippe Antoine Merlin, dit Merlin de Douai (b. 1754 - d. 1838) 15 May 1799 - 18 Jun 1799 Jean-Baptiste Treilhard (b. 1742 - d. 1810) 16 May 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Emmanuel Joseph Siey�s (b. 1748 - d. 1836) 18 Jun 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Louis J�r�me Gohier (b. 1746 - d. 1830) 18 Jun 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Pierre Roger Ducos, dit Roger-Ducos (b. 1747 - d. 1816) 18 Jun 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Jean Fran�ois Auguste Moulin (b. 1752 - d. 1810)

Without Portfolio

Ministers 20 Feb 1820 - 14 Dec 1821 Jacques Joseph Guillaume Pierre Corbi�re (b. 1767 - d. 1853) 20 Feb 1820 - 14 Dec 1821 Joseph Lain� (b. 1767 - d. 1835) 21 Dec 1820 - 14 Dec 1821 Joseph de Vill�le (b. 1773 - d. 1854) 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Casimir Perier (b. 1777 - d. 1832) 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Andr� Marie Dupin (b. 1783 - d. 1865) 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Louis, baron Bignon (b. 1771 - d. 1841) 11 Aug 1830 - 2 Nov 1830 Jacques Laffitte (b. 1767 - d. 1844) 22 Mar 1833 - 1 Apr 1834 Horace Fran�ois Bastien, baron S�bastiani (b. 1772 - d. 1851) 12 Mar 1835 - 7 Nov 1835 Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny (b. 1782 - d. 1835) 26 Nov 1860 - 30 Mar 1863 Pierre Magne (b. 1806 - d. 1879) 5 Dec 1860 - 23 Jun 1863 Adolphe Billault (b. 1805 - d. 1863)

Independent agencies

Banque de France

Governors 25 Apr 1806 - 9 Aug 1807 Emmanuel Cr�tet (b. 1747 - d. 1809) 9 Aug 1807 - 6 Apr 1814 Fran�ois Jaubert (from 22 Nov 1808, Fran�ois, comte Jaubert) (b. 1758 - d. 1822) Apr 1814 - 1819 Jacques Laffitte (b. 1767 - d. 1844) 1820 - 1834 Martin Michel Charles Gaudin, duc de Ga�te (b. 1756 - d. 1841) 1834 - 9 Jun 1857 Antoine, comte d'Argout (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 9 Jun 1857 - 7 May 1863 Charles Leb�gue, comte de Germiny (b. 1799 - d. 1871) 1863 - 1864 Adolphe Vuitry (b. 1813 - d. 1885) 28 Sep 1864 - 2 Dec 1878 Gustave Rouland (b. 1806 - d. 1878)

Court of Accounts

First presidents 18 Sep 1807 - 24 Mar 1815 Fran�ois Barb�-Marbois (from 1813, Fran�ois, comte de Barb�-Marbois) (1st time) (b. 1745 - d. 1837) 1815 Jean-Baptiste Collin, comte de Sussy (b. 1750 - d. 1826) 7 Jul 1815 - 1834 Fran�ois, comte de Barb�-Marbois (from 1817, Fran�ois, marquis de Barb�-Marbois) (2nd time) (s.a.) 1834 - 15 Apr 1837 F�lix Barthe (1st time) (b. 1795 - d. 1863) 27 May 1837 - 31 Mar 1839 Joseph J�r�me, comte Sim�on (b. 1749 - d. 1842) 31 Mar 1839 - 1 Feb 1863 F�lix Barthe (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Feb 1863 - 29 Jun 1876 Paul de Royer (b. 1808 - d. 1877)

Parliament

National Assembly

6 May 1789 Estates General divided into three estates 17 Jun 1789 Third Estate Chamber renamed National Constituent Assembly

Nobility Chamber

11 Jul 1789 merged into National Constituent Assembly

Presidents 6 May 1789 - 12 Jun 1789 Philippe Claude, comte de Montboissier-Beaufort (b. 1712 - d. 1797) (provisional) 12 Jun 1789 - 11 Jul 1789 Anne Charles, duc de Montmorency-Luxembourg (b. 1737 - d. 1803)

Clergy Chamber

27 Jun 1789 merged into National Constituent Assembly

President 6 May 1789 - 27 Jun 1789 Dominique de La Rochefoucauld (b. 1712 - d. 1800) (provisional to 24 Jun 1789)

Third Estate Chamber

17 Jun 1789 Third Estate Chamber and some Clergy deputies form the National Constituent Assembly

Presidents 6 May 1789 - 22 May 1789 Charles Florimond Le Roux (b. 1716 - d. 1793) (provisional) 22 May 1789 - 1 Jun 1789 Jean-�tienne Menu de Chomorceau (b. 1724 - d. 1802) 1 Jun 1789 - 3 Jun 1789 Michel Fran�ois d'Ailly (b. 1724 - d. 1800) 3 Jun 1789 - 17 Jun 1789 Jean-Sylvain Bailly (b. 1736 - d. 1793)

National Assembly

17 Jun 1789 National Assembly (often referred to as National Constituent Assembly) 1 Oct 1791 National Assembly (often referred to as Legislative Assembly) 20 Sep 1792 National Convention 28 Oct 1795 Council of Five Hundred 1 Jan 1800 Legislative Corps 4 Jun 1814 Chamber of D�partements' Deputies 3 Jun 1815 Chamber of Representatives 12 Oct 1815 Chamber of D�partements' Deputies 6 Aug 1830 Chamber of Deputies 4 May 1848 National Constituent Assembly 28 May 1849 National Legislative Assembly 29 Feb 1852 Legislative Corps

Presidents 17 Jun 1789 - 3 Jul 1789 Jean-Sylvain Bailly (b. 1736 - d. 1793) 3 Jul 1789 Philippe, duc d'Orl�ans (b. 1747 - d. 1793) 3 Jul 1789 - 18 Jul 1789 Jean-Georges Lefranc de Pompignan (b. 1715 - d. 1790) 18 Jul 1789 - 3 Aug 1789 Fran�ois Alexandre Fr�d�ric, duc de La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt (b. 1747 - d. 1827) 3 Aug 1789 Jacques Guillaume Thouret (1st time) (b. 1746 - d. 1794) 3 Aug 1789 - 17 Aug 1789 Isaac Ren� Guy Le Chapelier (b. 1754 - d. 1794) 17 Aug 1789 - 31 Aug 1789 Stanislas, comte de Clermont-Tonnerre (1st time) (b. 1757 - d. 1792) 31 Aug 1789 - 14 Sep 1789 C�sar Guillaume de La Luzerne (b. 1738 - d. 1921) 9 Sep 1789 - 28 Sep 1789 Stanislas, comte de Clermont-Tonnerre (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting for La Luzerne to 14 Sep 1789) 28 Sep 1789 - 10 Oct 1789 Jean-Joseph Mounier (b. 1758 - d. 1806) 10 Oct 1789 - 28 Oct 1789 Emmanuel Marie Michel Philippe Fr�teau de Saint-Just (1st time) (b. 1745 - d. 1794) 28 Oct 1789 - 12 Nov 1789 Armand Gaston Camus (1st time) (b. 1740 - d. 1804) 12 Nov 1789 - 23 Nov 1789 Jacques Guillaume Thouret (2nd time) (s.a.) 23 Nov 1789 - 5 Dec 1789 Raymond de Boisgelin de Cuc� (b. 1732 - d. 1804) 5 Dec 1789 - 22 Dec 1789 Emmanuel Marie Michel Philippe Fr�teau de Saint-Just (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Dec 1789 - 4 Jan 1790 Jean-Nicolas D�meunier (b. 1751 - d. 1804) 4 Jan 1790 - 18 Jan 1790 Fran�ois Xavier de Montesquiou- Fezensac (1st time) (b. 1756 - d. 1832) 18 Jan 1790 - 2 Feb 1790 Guy Jean Baptiste Target (b. 1733 - d. 1806) 2 Feb 1790 - 16 Feb 1790 Jean Xavier Bureaux de Puzy (1st time) (b. 1750 - d. 1805) 16 Feb 1790 - 28 Feb 1790 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand- P�rigord (b. 1754 - d. 1838) 28 Feb 1790 - 15 Mar 1790 Fran�ois Xavier de Montesquiou- Fezensac (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 Mar 1790 - 27 Mar 1790 Jean-Paul Rabaut, dit Rabaut Saint-�tienne (1st time) (b. 1743 - d. 1793) 27 Mar 1790 - 12 Apr 1790 Jacques Fran�ois, baron de Menou (b. 1756 - d. 1810) 12 Apr 1790 - 27 Apr 1790 Charles Fran�ois, marquis de Bonnay (1st time) (b. 1750 - d. 1825) 27 Apr 1790 - 29 Apr 1790 Fran�ois Henri, comte de Virieu (b. 1754 - d. 1793) 29 Apr 1790 - 8 May 1790 Jean-Louis Gouttes (b. 1739 - d. 1794) 8 May 1790 - 27 May 1790 Jacques Guillaume Thouret (3rd time) (s.a.) 27 May 1790 - 8 Jun 1790 Bon-Albert Briois de Beaumetz (b. 1759 - d. 1801) 8 Jun 1790 - 21 Jun 1790 Emmanuel Joseph Siey�s (1st time) (b. 1748 - d. 1836) 21 Jun 1790 - 5 Jul 1790 Louis Michel Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau (b. 1760 - d. 1793) 5 Jul 1790 - 20 Jul 1790 Charles Fran�ois, marquis de Bonnay (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Jul 1790 - 31 Jul 1790 Jean-Baptiste Treilhard (1st time) (b. 1742 - d. 1810) 31 Jul 1790 - 16 Aug 1790 Antoine Balthazar Joseph d'Andr� (1st time) (b. 1759 - d. 1825) 16 Aug 1790 - 30 Aug 1790 Pierre Samuel Dupont de Nemours (b. 1739 - d. 1817) 30 Aug 1790 - 11 Sep 1790 Henri Joseph, baron de Jess� (b. 1755 - d. 1794) 11 Sep 1790 - 25 Sep 1790 Jean-Xavier Bureaux de Puzy (2nd time) (s.a.) 25 Sep 1790 - 9 Oct 1790 Jean-Louis Emmery (1st time) (b. 1742 - d. 1823) 9 Oct 1790 - 25 Oct 1790 Philippe Antoine Merlin, dit Merlin de Douai (1st time) (b. 1754 - d. 1838) 25 Oct 1790 - 8 Nov 1790 Antoine Barnave (b. 1761 - d. 1793) 8 Nov 1790 - 20 Nov 1790 Charles Antoine Chasset (1st time) (b. 1745 - d. 1824) 20 Nov 1790 - 4 Dec 1790 Alexandre de Lameth (b. 1760 - d. 1829) 4 Dec 1790 - 20 Dec 1790 J�r�me P�tion, dit P�tion de Villeneuve (1st time) (b. 1756 - d. 1794) 21 Dec 1790 - 4 Jan 1791 Antoine Balthazar Joseph d'Andr� (2nd time) (s.a.) 4 Jan 1791 - 18 Jan 1791 Jean-Louis Emmery (2nd time) (s.a.) 18 Jan 1791 - 29 Jan 1791 Henri Baptiste Gr�goire (1st time) (b. 1750 - d. 1831) 29 Jan 1791 - 14 Feb 1791 Honor� Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau (b. 1749 - d. 1791) 14 Feb 1791 - 26 Feb 1791 Adrien Duport (b. 1759 - d. 1798) 26 Feb 1791 - 14 Mar 1791 Louis Marie, vicomte de Noailles (b. 1756 - d. 1804) 14 Mar 1791 - 29 Mar 1791 Anne Pierre, marquis de Montesquiou-Fezensac (b. 1741 - d. 1798) 29 Mar 1791 - 9 Apr 1791 Fran�ois Denis Tronchet (b. 1726 - d. 1806) 9 Apr 1791 - 23 Apr 1791 Jean Baptiste Charles Chabroud (b. 1750 - d. 1816) 23 Apr 1791 - 9 May 1791 Jean-Fran�ois Reubell (1st time) (b. 1747 - d. 1807) 9 May 1791 - 24 May 1791 Antoine Balthazar Joseph d'Andr� (3rd time) (s.a.) 24 May 1791 - 6 Jun 1791 Jean-Xavier Bureaux de Puzy (3rd time) (s.a.) 6 Jun 1791 - 18 Jun 1791 Luc Dauchy (b. 1757 - d. 1817) 18 Jun 1791 - 2 Jul 1791 Alexandre Fran�ois Marie, vicomte de Beauharnais (1st time) (b. 1760 - d. 1794) 2 Jul 1791 - 19 Jul 1791 Charles Malo Fran�ois, comte de Lameth (b. 1757 - d. 1832) 19 Jul 1791 - 30 Jul 1791 Joseph Jacques Defermon, dit Defermon des Chapeli�res (1st time) (b. 1752 - d. 1831) 30 Jul 1791 - 13 Aug 1791 Alexandre Fran�ois Marie, vicomte de Beauharnais (2nd time) (s.a.) 13 Aug 1791 - 27 Aug 1791 Charles Louis Victor, prince de Broglie (b. 1756 - d. 1794) 27 Aug 1791 - 10 Sep 1791 Th�odore Vernier (1st time) (b. 1731 - d. 1818) 10 Sep 1791 - 30 Sep 1791 Jacques Guillaume Thouret (4th time) (s.a.) 1 Oct 1791 - 3 Oct 1791 Claude Batault (doyen d'�ge) (b. 1716 - d. 1793) 3 Oct 1791 - 17 Oct 1791 Emmanuel Pastoret (1st time) (b. 1755 - d. 1840) 17 Oct 1791 - 30 Oct 1791 Jean-Baptiste Ducastel (b. 1740 - d. 1799) 30 Oct 1791 - 15 Nov 1791 Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud (1st time) (b. 1753 - d. 1793) 15 Nov 1791 - 28 Nov 1791 Vincent Marie Vi�not de Vaublanc (1st time) (b. 1756 - d. 1845) 28 Nov 1791 - 10 Dec 1791 �tienne de La Ville de Lac�p�de (b. 1756 - d. 1825) 10 Dec 1791 - 26 Dec 1791 Pierre �douard Lemontey (b. 1762 - d. 1826) 26 Dec 1791 - 8 Jan 1792 Nicolas Louis Fran�ois de Neufch�teau (b. 1750 - d. 1828) 8 Jan 1792 - 22 Jan 1792 Jean-Antoine d'Averhoult (b. 1756 - d. 1792) 22 Jan 1792 - 5 Feb 1792 Marguerite �lie Guadet (1st time) (b. 1758 - d. 1794) 5 Feb 1792 - 19 Feb 1792 Jean-Antoine de Caritat de Condorcet (b. 1743 - d. 1794) 19 Feb 1792 - 4 Mar 1792 Mathieu Dumas (b. 1753 - d. 1837) 4 Mar 1792 - 18 Mar 1792 Louis Bernard Guyton de Morveau, dit Guyton-Morveau (b. 1737 - d. 1816) 18 Mar 1792 - 2 Apr 1792 Arnaud Gensonn� (1st time) (b. 1758 - d. 1793) 2 Apr 1792 - 15 Apr 1792 Claude Dorizy (b. 1741 - d. ...) 15 Apr 1792 - 29 Apr 1792 F�lix Bigot de Pr�ameneu (b. 1747 - d. 1825) 29 Apr 1792 - 13 May 1792 Jean-G�rard Lacu�e (b. 1752 - d. 1841) 13 May 1792 - 27 May 1792 Honor� Muraire (b. 1750 - d. 1837) 27 May 1792 - 10 Jun 1792 Fran�ois Alexandre Tardiveau (b. 17... - d. af.1800) 10 Jun 1792 - 24 Jun 1792 Antoine Fran�ais de Nantes (b. 1756 - d. 1836) 24 Jun 1792 - 8 Jul 1792 Stanislas de Girardin (b. 1762 - d. 1827) 8 Jul 1792 - 23 Jul 1792 Jean-Baptiste Aubert du Bayet (b. 1759 - d. 1797) 23 Jul 1792 - 7 Aug 1792 Andr� Daniel Laffon de Lad�bat, dit Laffon-Lad�bat (b. 1746 - d. 1829) 7 Aug 1792 - 19 Aug 1792 Jean Fran�ois Honor� Merlet (b. 1761 - d. 1830) 19 Aug 1792 - 2 Sep 1792 Jean-Fran�ois Delacroix, dit Lacroix (1st time) (b. 1753 - d. 1794) 2 Sep 1792 - 16 Sep 1792 Marie Jean H�rault de S�chelles (1st time) (b. 1759 - d. 1794) 16 Sep 1792 - 21 Sep 1792 Pierre Joseph Cambon (1st time) (b. 1756 - d. 1820) 20 Sep 1792 Philippe Jacques R�hl (1st time) (b. 1737 - d. 1795) (interim) 20 Sep 1792 - 4 Oct 1792 J�r�me P�tion, dit P�tion de Villeneuve (2nd time) (s.a.) 4 Oct 1792 - 18 Oct 1792 Jean-Fran�ois Delacroix, dit Lacroix (2nd time) (s.a.) 18 Oct 1792 - 1 Nov 1792 Marguerite �lie Guadet (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Nov 1792 - 15 Nov 1792 Marie-Jean H�rault de S�chelles (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 Nov 1792 - 29 Nov 1792 Henri Baptiste Gr�goire (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Nov 1792 - 13 Dec 1792 Bertrand Bar�re de Vieuzac (b. 1755 - d. 1841) 13 Dec 1792 - 27 Dec 1792 Joseph Jacques Defermon, dit Defermon des Chapeli�res (2nd time) (s.a.) 27 Dec 1792 - 10 Jan 1793 Jean-Baptiste Treilhard (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Jan 1793 - 24 Jan 1793 Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Jan 1793 - 7 Feb 1793 Jean-Paul Rabaut, dit Rabaut Saint-�tienne (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Feb 1793 - 21 Feb 1793 Jean-Jacques Br�ard, dit Br�ard-Duplessis (1st time) (b. 1751 - d. 1840) 21 Feb 1793 - 7 Mar 1793 Edmond Louis Alexis Dubois de Cranc�, dit Dubois-Cranc� (b. 1747 - d. 1814) 7 Mar 1793 - 21 Mar 1793 Arnaud Gensonn� (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Mar 1793 - 4 Apr 1793 Jean Antoine Joseph Debry (1st time) (b. 1760 - d. 1834) 4 Apr 1793 - 18 Apr 1793 Jean Fran�ois Bertrand Delmas (b. 1751 - d. 1798) 18 Apr 1793 - 2 May 1793 Marc David Alba, dit Alba-Lasource (b. 1763 - d. 1793) 2 May 1793 - 16 May 1793 Jean-Baptiste Boyer-Fonfr�de (b. 1765 - d. 1793) 16 May 1793 - 30 May 1793 Maximin Isnard (b. 1758 - d. 1825) 30 May 1793 - 13 Jun 1793 Fran�ois Ren� Auguste Mallarm� (b. 1755 - d. 1831) 13 Jun 1793 - 27 Jun 1793 Jean-Marie Collot, dit Collot d'Herbois (1st time) (b. 1749 - d. 1796) 27 Jun 1793 - 11 Jul 1793 Jacques Alexis Thuriot de la Rosi�re (b. 1753 - d. 1829) 11 Jul 1793 - 25 Jul 1793 Andr� Jeanbon, dit Jeanbon Saint-Andr� (b. 1749 - d. 1813) 25 Jul 1793 - 8 Aug 1793 Georges Jacques Danton (b. 1759 - d. 1794) 8 Aug 1793 - 22 Aug 1793 Marie-Jean H�rault de S�chelles (3rd time) (s.a.) 22 Aug 1793 - 5 Sep 1793 Maximilien Robespierre (1st time) (b. 1758 - d. 1794) 5 Sep 1793 - 19 Sep 1793 Jacques Nicolas Billaud, dit Billaud-Varenne (b. 1756 - d. 1819) 19 Sep 1793 - 3 Oct 1793 Pierre Joseph Cambon (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Oct 1793 - 22 Oct 1793 Charles Louis Joseph Charlier (b. 1754 - d. 1797) 22 Oct 1793 - 6 Nov 1793 Mo�se Antoine Pierre Jean Bayle (b. 1755 - d. 1811?) 6 Nov 1793 - 21 Nov 1793 Pierre Antoine Laloy (1st time) (b. 1749 - d. 1846) 21 Nov 1793 - 6 Dec 1793 Charles Gilbert Romme (b. 1750 - d. 1795) 6 Dec 1793 - 21 Dec 1793 Jean-Henri Voulland (b. 1751 - d. 1801) 21 Dec 1793 - 5 Jan 1794 Georges Auguste Couthon (b. 1755 - d. 1794) 5 Jan 1794 - 20 Jan 1794 Jacques Louis David (b. 1748 - d. 1825) 20 Jan 1794 - 4 Feb 1794 Marc Guillaume Alexis Vadier (b. 1736 - d. 1828) 4 Feb 1794 - 19 Feb 1794 Joseph Nicolas Barbeau du Barran, dit Dubarran (b. 1761 - d. 1816) 19 Feb 1794 - 6 Mar 1794 Louis de Saint-Just (b. 1767 - d. 1794) 6 Mar 1794 - 21 Mar 1794 Philippe Jacques R�hl (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Mar 1794 - 5 Apr 1794 Jean-Lambert Tallien (b. 1767 - d. 1820) 5 Apr 1794 - 20 Apr 1794 Jean Baptiste Andr� Amar (b. 1755 - d. 1816) 20 Apr 1794 - 5 May 1794 Robert Lindet (b. 1746 - d. 1825) 5 May 1794 - 20 May 1794 Lazare Carnot (b. 1753 - d. 1823) 20 May 1794 - 4 Jun 1794 Claude Antoine Prieur-Duvernois, dit Prieur de la C�te d'Or (b. 1763 - d. 1832) 4 Jun 1794 - 19 Jun 1794 Maximilien Robespierre (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jun 1794 - 5 Jul 1794 �lie Lacoste (b. 1745 - d. 1806) 5 Jul 1794 - 19 Jul 1794 Jean-Antoine Louis, dit Louis du Bas-Rhin (b. 1742 - d. 1796) 19 Jul 1794 - 3 Aug 1794 Jean-Marie Collot, dit Collot d'Herbois (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Aug 1794 - 18 Aug 1794 Philippe Antoine Merlin, dit Merlin de Douai (2nd time) (s.a.) 18 Aug 1794 - 2 Sep 1794 Antoine Christophe Merlin, dit Merlin de Thionville (b. 1762 - d. 1833) 2 Sep 1794 - 22 Sep 1794 Andr� Antoine Bernard des Jeuzines, dit Bernard de Saintes (or Adrien-Antoine...) (b. 1751 - d. 1818) 22 Sep 1794 - 7 Oct 1794 Andr� Dumont (b. 1765 - d. 1836) 7 Oct 1794 - 22 Oct 1794 Jean-Jacques-R�gis de Cambac�r�s (1st time) (b. 1753 - d. 1824) 22 Oct 1794 - 6 Nov 1794 Pierre Louis Prieur, dit Prieur de la Marne (b. 1756 - d. 1827) 6 Nov 1794 - 24 Nov 1794 Louis Legendre (b. 1752 - d. 1797) 24 Nov 1794 - 6 Dec 1794 Jean-Baptiste Clauzel (b. 1746 - d. 1803) 6 Dec 1794 - 21 Dec 1794 Jean-Fran�ois Reubell (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Dec 1794 - 6 Jan 1795 Pierre Louis Bentabole (b. 1756 - d. 1798) 6 Jan 1795 - 20 Jan 1795 �tienne Fran�ois Louis Honor� Letourneur (or Charles Fran�ois Louis Honor� Letourneur) (b. 1751 - d. 1817) 20 Jan 1795 - 4 Feb 1795 Joseph Stanislas Fran�ois Xavier Alexis Rov�re (b. 1748 - d. 1798) 4 Feb 1795 - 19 Feb 1795 Jean Nicolas Paul Fran�ois Barras (b. 1755 - d. 1829) 19 Feb 1795 - 6 Mar 1795 Fran�ois Louis Bourdon, dit Bourdon de l'Oise (b. 1758 - d. 1798) 6 Mar 1795 - 24 Mar 1795 Antoine Claire Thibaudeau (1st time) (b. 1765 - d. 1854) 24 Mar 1795 - 5 Apr 1795 Jean Pelet, dit Pelet de la Loz�re (1st time) (b. 1759 - d. 1842) 5 Apr 1795 - 20 Apr 1795 Fran�ois Antoine Boissy d'Anglas (1st time) (b. 1756 - d. 1826) 20 Apr 1795 - 5 May 1795 Emmanuel Joseph Siey�s (2nd time) (s.a.) 5 May 1795 - 26 May 1795 Th�odore Vernier (2nd time) (s.a.) 26 May 1795 - 4 Jun 1795 Jean Baptiste Charles Mathieu, dit Mathieu-Mirampal (b. 1763 - d. 1833) 4 Jun 1795 - 19 Jun 1795 Jean-Denis Lanjuinais (1st time) (b. 1753 - d. 1827) 19 Jun 1795 - 4 Jul 1795 Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvray (b. 1760 - d. 1797) 4 Jul 1795 - 19 Jul 1795 Louis Gustave Le Doulcet de Pont�coulant (1st time) (b. 1764 - d. 1853) 19 Jul 1795 - 3 Aug 1795 Louis Marie La Revelli�re, dit La Revelli�re-L�peaux (b. 1753 - d. 1824) 3 Aug 1795 - 19 Aug 1795 Pierre Claude Fran�ois Daunou (1st time) (b. 1761 - d. 1840) 19 Aug 1795 - 2 Sep 1795 Marie Joseph Blaise Ch�nier (1st time) (b. 1764 - d. 1811) 2 Sep 1795 - 23 Sep 1795 Th�ophile Berlier (1st time) (b. 1761 - d. 1844) 23 Sep 1795 - 8 Oct 1795 Pierre Charles Louis Baudin, dit Baudin des Ardennes (b. 1748 - d. 1799) 8 Oct 1795 - 26 Oct 1795 Charles Fran�ois Jean Joseph Victor G�nissieu (1st time) (b. 1749 - d. 1804) 28 Oct 1795 Nicolas Raffron de Trouillet (b. 1723 - d. 1801) (doyen d'�ge) 28 Oct 1795 - 22 Nov 1795 Pierre Claude Fran�ois Daunou (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Nov 1795 - 22 Dec 1795 Marie Joseph Blaise Ch�nier (2nd time) (interim) (s.a.) 22 Dec 1795 - 23 Jan 1796 Jean-Baptiste Treilhard (3rd time) (s.a.) 23 Jan 1796 - 21 Feb 1796 Armand Gaston Camus (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Feb 1796 - 21 Mar 1796 Antoine Claire Thibaudeau (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Mar 1796 - 20 Apr 1796 Louis Gustave Le Doulcet de Pont�coulant (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Apr 1796 - 21 May 1796 Aaron Jean Fran�ois Crassous (b. 1746 - d. 1801) 21 May 1796 - 19 Jun 1796 Joseph Jacques Defermon, dit Defermon des Chapeli�res (3rd time) (s.a.) 19 Jun 1796 - 19 Jul 1796 Jean Pelet, dit Pelet de la Loz�re (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jul 1796 - 19 Aug 1796 Fran�ois Antoine Boissy d'Anglas (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Aug 1796 - 23 Sep 1796 Emmanuel Pastoret (2nd time) (s.a.) 23 Sep 1796 - 22 Oct 1796 Charles Antoine Chasset (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Oct 1796 - 21 Nov 1796 Jean Jacques R�gis de Cambac�r�s (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Nov 1796 - 21 Dec 1796 Nicolas Marie Quinette (b. 1762 - d. 1821) 21 Dec 1796 - 20 Jan 1797 Jean Antoine Joseph Debry (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Jan 1797 - 19 Feb 1796 Fran�ois Riou de Kersalaun (b. 1765 - d. 1811) 19 Feb 1797 - 21 Mar 1797 Pierre Antoine Laloy (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Mar 1797 - 20 Apr 1797 Michel Lecointe-Puyraveau (1st time) (b. 1764 - d. 1827) 20 Apr 1797 - 20 May 1797 Fran�ois Lamarque (1st time) (b. 1753 - d. 1839) 20 May 1797 - 19 Jun 1797 Charles Pichegru (b. 1761 - d. 1804) 19 Jun 1797 - 19 Jul 1797 Pierre Fran�ois Henry La Rivi�re (b. 1761 - d. 1838) 19 Jul 1797 - 18 Aug 1797 Joseph Vincent Dumolard (b. 1766 - d. 1819) 18 Aug 1797 - 23 Sep 1797 Joseph J�r�me Sim�on (arrested from 5 Sep 1797) (b. 1749 - d. 1842) 5 Sep?1797 - 23 Sep 1797 Fran�ois Lamarque (2nd time) (acting for Sim�on) (s.a.) 23 Sep 1797 - 22 Oct 1797 Jean-Baptiste Jourdan (1st time) (b. 1762 - d. 1833) 22 Oct 1797 - 21 Nov 1797 Fran�ois Toussaint Villers (b. 1749 - d. 1807) 21 Nov 1797 - 21 Dec 1797 Emmanuel Joseph Siey�s (3rd time) (s.a.) 21 Dec 1797 - 20 Jan 1798 Antoine Boulay de la Meurthe (1st time) (b. 1761 - d. 1840) 20 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798 Jacques Charles Bailleul (b. 1762 - d. 1843) 19 Feb 1798 - 21 Mar 1798 Antoine Fran�ois Hardy (b. 1748 - d. 1823) 21 Mar 1798 - 20 Apr 1798 Alexis Pison du Galland (1st time) (b. 1747 - d. 1826) 20 Apr 1798 - 20 May 1798 Joseph Cl�ment Poullain de Grandprey (b. 1744 - d. 1826) 20 May 1798 - 20 Jun 1798 Jacques Antoine Creuz�-Latouche (b. 1749 - d. 1800) 20 Jun 1798 - 19 Jul 1798 Marie Joseph Blaise Ch�nier (3rd time) (s.a.) 19 Jul 1798 - 19 Aug 1798 Michel Lecointe-Puyraveau (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Aug 1798 - 23 Sep 1798 Pierre Claude Fran�ois Daunou (3rd time) (s.a.) 23 Sep 1798 - 22 Oct 1798 Jean-Baptiste Jourdan (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Oct 1798 - 21 Nov 1798 Dieudonn� Dubois (b. 1759 - d. 1804) 21 Nov 1798 - 21 Dec 1798 Julien Savary (b. 1753 - d. 1839) 21 Dec 1798 - 20 Jan 1799 Th�ophile Berlier (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Jan 1799 - 19 Feb 1799 Jean-Baptiste Leclerc, dit Leclerc du Maine et Loire (1st time) (b. 1756 - d. 1826) 19 Feb 1799 - 21 Mar 1799 Gabriel Mal�s (b. 1755 - d. 1837) 21 Mar 1799 - 20 Apr 1799 Philippe Laurent Pons (b. 1759 - d. 1844) 20 Apr 1799 - 20 May 1799 Jean-Marie Heurtault de la Merville (b. 1740 - d. 1810) 20 May 1799 - 19 Jun 1799 Jean Antoine Joseph Debry (3rd time) (s.a.) 19 Jun 1799 - 19 Jul 1799 Charles Fran�ois Jean Joseph Victor G�nissieu (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jul 1799 - 18 Aug 1799 Jean-Baptiste Quirot (b. 1757 - d. 1820) 18 Aug 1799 - 24 Sep 1799 Antoine Boulay de la Meurthe (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Sep 1799 - 24 Oct 1799 Jean-Pierre Chazal (b. 1766 - d. 1840) 24 Oct 1799 - 12 Nov 1799 Lucien Bonaparte (b. 1775 - d. 1840) 22 Nov 1799 - 21 Dec 1799 Antoine Boulay de la Meurthe (3rd time) (s.a.) 22 Dec 1799 - 26 Dec 1799 Pierre Claude Fran�ois Daunou (4th time) (s.a.) 1 Jan 1800 - 21 Jan 1800 Jean-Baptiste Perrin des Vosges (b. 1754 - d. 1815) 21 Jan 1800 - 5 Feb 1800 Jean-Pierre Duval (b. 1754 - d. 1817) 5 Feb 1800 - 20 Feb 1800 Henri Baptiste Gr�goire (3rd time) (s.a.) 20 Feb 1800 - 7 Mar 1800 Jean-Baptiste Girot-Pouzol (b. 1753 - d. 1822) 7 Mar 1800 - 22 Mar 1800 Claude Pierre Dellay d'Agier (b. 1750 - d. 1827) 22 Mar 1800 - 31 Mar 1800 Isaac Tarteyron (b. 1769 - d. 1813) 22 Nov 1800 - 7 Dec 1800 Pierre Jacques Chatry-Lafosse (b. 1737 - d. 1814) 7 Dec 1800 - 22 Dec 1800 Alexis Pison du Galland (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Dec 1800 - 6 Jan 1801 Antoine Bourg-Laprade (b. 1736 - d. 1816) 6 Jan 1801 - 21 Jan 1801 Jean-Jacques Br�ard, dit Br�ard-Duplessis (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Jan 1801 - 5 Feb 1801 Jean-Fran�ois Ross�e (b. 1745 - d. 1832) 5 Feb 1801 - 20 Feb 1801 Jacques Poisson de Coudreville (b. 1746 - d. 1821) 20 Feb 1801 - 7 Mar 1801 Jean-Baptiste Leclerc, dit Leclerc du Maine et Loire (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Mar 1801 - 21 Mar 1801 Fran�ois Joseph Lefebvre-Cayet (b. 1748 - d. 1811) 22 Nov 1801 - 7 Dec 1801 Charles Fran�ois Dupuis (b. 1742 - d. 1809) 7 Dec 1801 - 22 Dec 1801 Jean-Fran�ois Baraillon (b. 1743 - d. 1816) 22 Dec 1801 - 6 Jan 1802 Pierre Louis Lefebvre-Laroche (b. 1748 - d. 1806) 6 Jan 1802 - 21 Jan 1802 Nicolas Bernard Belzais-Courm�nil (b. 1747 - d. 1804) 21 Jan 1802 - 5 Feb 1802 Joseph Pemartin (b. 1754 - d. 1842) 5 Feb 1802 - 20 Feb 1802 Denis Couzard (b. 1746 - d. 1818) 20 Feb 1802 - 7 Mar 1802 Louis Ramond de Carbonni�res (b. 1755 - d. 1827) 7 Mar 1802 - 22 Mar 1802 Jacques Devismes (b. 1749 - d. 1830) 5 Apr 1802 - 21 Apr 1802 Jean Fran�ois Joseph Marcorelle (b. 1760 - d. 1829) 21 Apr 1802 - 6 May 1802 Fran�ois Lobjoy (b. 1743 - d. 1807) 6 May 1802 - 20 May 1802 Pierre Antoine Rabaut-Dupuis (b. 1746 - d. 1808) 21 Feb 1803 - 7 Mar 1803 Fran�ois Delattre (b. 1749 - d. 1834) 7 Mar 1803 - 22 Mar 1803 Jean-Fran�ois M�ric (b. 1756 - d. 1816) 22 Mar 1803 - 6 Apr 1803 Jean-Louis Girod de l'Ain (b. 1753 - d. 1839) 6 Apr 1803 - 21 Apr 1803 Marie F�lix Faulcon (b. 1758 - d. 1843) 21 Apr 1803 - 7 May 1803 Vincent Marie Vi�not de Vaublanc (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 May 1803 - 21 May 1803 Fran�ois Lagrange (b. 1754 - d. 1816) 21 May 1803 - 28 May 1803 J�r�me Reynaud de Bologne, baron de Lascours (b. 1761 - d. 1835) 10 Jan 1804 - 24 Jan 1810 Louis de Fontanes (from 3 Jun 1808, Louis, comte de Fontanes) (b. 1757 - d. 1821) 24 Jan 1810 - 23 Nov 1813 �lisabeth Pierre, comte de Montesquiou-Fezensac (b. 1764 - d. 1834) 23 Nov 1813 - 4 Jun 1814 Claude R�gnier, duc de Massa (b. 1746 - d. 1814) 11 Jun 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Joseph Lain� (1st time) (b. 1767 - d. 1835) 4 Jun 1815 - 13 Jul 1815 Jean-Denis, comte Lanjuinais (2nd time) (s.a.) 12 Oct 1815 - 5 Sep 1816 Joseph Lain� (2nd time) (s.a.) 12 Nov 1816 - 13 Nov 1817 �tienne Denis, duc Pasquier (b. 1767 - d. 1862) 13 Nov 1817 - 11 Dec 1818 Pierre Fran�ois Hercule, comte de Serre (b. 1776 - d. 1824) 11 Dec 1818 - 5 Nov 1827 Auguste Ravez (b. 1770 - d. 1849) 25 Feb 1828 - 16 May 1830 Pierre Paul Royer-Collard (b. 1763 - d. 1845) 6 Aug 1830 - 21 Aug 1830 Casimir Perier (1st time) (b. 1777 - d. 1832) 21 Aug 1830 - 11 Nov 1830 Jacques Laffitte (b. 1767 - d. 1844) 11 Nov 1830 - 31 May 1831 Casimir Perier (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Aug 1831 - 28 Apr 1832 Louis Gaspard Am�d�e, baron Girod de l'Ain (b. 1781 - d. 1847) 29 Apr 1832 - 2 Feb 1839 Andr� Marie Dupin (1st time) (b. 1783 - d. 1865) 16 Apr 1839 - 12 May 1839 Hippolyte Passy (b. 1793 - d. 1880) 24 Dec 1839 - 24 Feb 1848 Paul Sauzet (b. 1800 - d. 1876) 5 May 1848 - 5 Jun 1848 Philippe Joseph Benjamin Buchez (b. 1796 - d. 1865) 5 Jun 1848 - 29 Jun 1848 Jules S�nard (b. 1800 - d. 1885) 29 Jun 1848 - 19 Jul 1848 Alexandre Marie (b. 1795 - d. 1870) 19 Jul 1848 - 26 May 1849 Armand Marrast (b. 1801 - d. 1852) 1 Jun 1849 - 2 Dec 1851 Andr� Marie Dupin (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 Mar 1852 - 12 Nov 1854 Adolphe Billault (b. 1805 - d. 1863) 12 Nov 1854 - 10 Mar 1865 Charles Auguste, duc de Morny (b. 1811 - d. 1865) 1 Sep 1865 - 29 Mar 1867 Alexandre Colonna, comte Walewski (b. 1810 - d. 1868) 2 Apr 1867 - 4 Sep 1870 Eug�ne Schneider (b. 1805 - d. 1875)

Senate

28 Oct 1795 - 10 Nov 1799 Council of Ancients 4 Jun 1814 Chamber of Peers 28 Jan 1852 Senate

Presidents 28 Oct 1795 Claude Antoine Rudel Du Miral (b. 1719 - d. 1807) (doyen d'�ge) 28 Oct 1795 - 2 Nov 1795 Louis Marie La R�velli�re, dit La R�velli�re-L�peaux (s.a.) 2 Nov 1795 - 23 Nov 1795 Pierre Charles Louis Baudin, dit Baudin des Ardennes (1st time) (s.a.) 23 Nov 1795 - 22 Dec 1795 Fran�ois Denis Tronchet (s.a.) 22 Dec 1795 - 22 Jan 1796 Th�odore Vernier (s.a.) 22 Jan 1796 - 20 Feb 1796 Guillaume Fran�ois Charles Goupil de Pr�felne (b. 1727 - d. 1801) 20 Feb 1796 - 21 Mar 1796 Claude Ambroise R�gnier (1st time) (b. 1746 - d. 1814) 21 Mar 1796 - 20 Apr 1796 Jacques Antoine Creuz�-Latouche (s.a.) 20 Apr 1796 - 20 May 1796 Jean-Barth�lemy Lecouteulx de Canteleu (b. 1746 - d. 1818) 20 May 1796 - 19 Jun 1796 Charles Fran�ois Lebrun (b. 1739 - d. 1824) 19 Jun 1796 - 19 Jul 1796 Jean �tienne Marie Portalis (b. 1746 - d. 1807) 19 Jul 1796 - 18 Aug 1796 Jean Dussaulx (b. 1728 - d. 1799) 18 Aug 1796 - 23 Sep 1796 Honor� Muraire (s.a.) 23 Sep 1796 - 22 Oct 1796 Pierre Roger Ducos, dit Roger-Ducos (b. 1747 - d. 1816) 22 Oct 1796 - 21 Nov 1796 Jean-G�rard Lacu�e (b. 1752 - d. 1841) 21 Nov 1796 - 21 Dec 1796 Jean-Jacques Br�ard, dit Br�ard-Duplessis (s.a.) 21 Dec 1796 - 20 Jan 1797 Boniface Paradis (b. 1751 - d. 1823) 20 Jan 1797 - 19 Feb 1797 S�bastien Ligeret de Beauvais (b. 1756 - d. 1797) 19 Feb 1797 - 21 Mar 1797 Joseph Cl�ment Poullain de Grandprey (s.a.) 21 Mar 1797 - 20 Apr 1797 Jean Fran�ois Bertrand Delmas (s.a.) 20 Apr 1797 - 20 May 1797 Edme Bonaventure Courtois (b. 1750 - d. 1816) 20 May 1797 - 19 Jun 1797 Fran�ois Barb�-Marbois (b. 1745 - d. 1837) 19 Jun 1797 - 19 Jul 1797 Louis Bernard de Saint-Affrique (b. 1744 - d. 1825) 19 Jul 1797 - 18 Aug 1797 Pierre Samuel Dupont de Nemours (s.a.) 18 Aug 1797 - 4 Sep 1797 Andr� Daniel Laffon de Lad�bat, dit Laffon-Lad�bat (s.a.) 6 Sep 1797 - 23 Sep 1797 Jean-Antoine Marbot (1st time) (b. 1754 - d. 1800) 23 Sep 1797 - 22 Oct 1797 Emmanuel Cr�tet (b. 1747 - d. 1809) 22 Oct 1797 - 21 Nov 1797 Jean-Pierre Lacombe-Saint-Michel (b. 1751 - d. 1812) 21 Nov 1797 - 21 Dec 1797 Jean-Fran�ois Ross�e (b. 1745 - d. 1832) 21 Dec 1797 - 20 Jan 1798 Jean-Baptiste Marragon (b. 1741 - d. 1829) 20 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798 Jean Rousseau (b. 1738 - d. 1813) 19 Feb 1798 - 21 Mar 1798 Pardoux Bordas (b. 1748 - d. 1842) 21 Mar 1798 - 20 Apr 1798 �tienne Mollevaut (b. 1744 - d. 1816) 20 Apr 1798 - 20 May 1798 Jacques Poisson de Coudreville (s.a.) 20 May 1798 - 19 Jun 1798 Claude Ambroise R�gnier (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jun 1798 - 19 Jul 1798 Jean-Antoine Marbot (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jul 1798 - 18 Aug 1798 �tienne Maynaud Bizefranc de Lavaux (b. 1751 - d. 1828) 18 Aug 1798 - 23 Sep 1798 Pierre Antoine Laloy (s.a.) 23 Sep 1798 - 22 Oct 1798 Beno�t Michel Decomberousse (b. 1754 - d. 1841) 22 Oct 1798 - 21 Nov 1798 Emmanuel P�r�s de Lagesse (b. 1752 - d. 1833) 21 Nov 1798 - 21 Dec 1798 Jacob-Augustin Moreau de Vormes (b. 1750 - d. 1805) 21 Dec 1798 - 20 Jan 1799 Jean-Baptiste Perrin des Vosges (s.a.) 20 Jan 1799 - 19 Feb 1799 Dominique Joseph Garat (b. 1749 - d. 1833) 19 Feb 1799 - 21 Mar 1799 Jean-Aim� Delacoste (b. 1740 - d. 1815) 21 Mar 1799 - 20 Apr 1799 Mathieu Dep�re (b. 1746 - d. 1825) 20 Apr 1799 - 20 May 1799 Claude Pierre D�delay-d'Agier (b. 1750 - d. 1827) 20 May 1799 - 19 Jun 1799 Charles Claude Christophe Gourdan (b. 1744 - d. 1804) 19 Jun 1799 - 19 Jul 1799 Pierre Charles Louis Baudin, dit Baudin des Ardennes (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jul 1799 - 18 Aug 1799 Louis Thibaut Dubois-Dubais (b. 1743 - d. 1834) 18 Aug 1799 - 24 Sep 1799 Mathieu Augustin Cornet (b. 1750 - d. 1832) 24 Sep 1799 - 23 Oct 1799 Joseph Cornudet des Chaumettes (b. 1755 - d. 1834) 23 Oct 1799 - 10 Nov 1799 Louis Nicolas Lemercier (b. 1755 - d. 1849) 4 Jun 1814 - 20 Mar 1815 Charles, chevalier Dambray (1st time) (b. 1760 - d. 1829) 2 Jun 1815 - 7 Jul 1815 Jean Jacques R�gis de Cambac�r�s, duc de Parme (b. 1753 - d. 1824) 12 Oct 1815 - 12 Dec 1829 Charles, chevalier Dambray (2nd time) (s.a.) 17 Dec 1829 - 3 Aug 1830 Emmanuel, marquis de Pastoret (b. 1755 - d. 1840) 3 Aug 1830 - 24 Feb 1848 �tienne Denis, baron Pasquier (from 14 Dec 1844, �tienne Denis, duc Pasquier) (b. 1767 - d. 1862) 28 Jan 1852 - 30 Nov 1852 J�r�me, prince Bonaparte (b. 1784 - d. 1860) 30 Dec 1852 - 1 Mar 1869 Raymond Troplong (b. 1795 - d. 1869) 3 Mar 1869 - 20 Jul 1869 Adrien Marie Devienne (b. 1802 - d. 1883) 20 Jul 1869 - 4 Sep 1870 Eug�ne Rouher (b. 1814 - d. 1884)