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Image structure

F. E. Vasilyuk

A. N. Leontiev's concept of consciousness is applied to a new psychosemantic model of consciousness image. The image is determined by object environment, cultural and language context and by inner space of a personality. Each of these components has its own representative inside of image, forming its structure. Every component is characterized by specific sensoricmatter. Some clinic examples are presented showing psychodiagnosticand psychotherapeutic possibilities of this model.

Psychological approach to the study of mentality

G. Dubov

Psychological approach is used for the study of mentality of large groups of people: ethnos, social class, generation. The author presents detailed definition of mentality differentiating it from �mass consciousness� and �national character�. Comparative analysis of sociological, philosophical, historical and linguistic approaches to the notion of mentality is offered as well as chronological review of the attempts to solve the problem. The principal directions of experimental research in the field are outlined.

The formation of mediated solution in construction problems by senior pre-schoolers

V. V. Brofman

The study is carried out corresponding to L. A. Venger'sconcept of learning abilities development and deals with the optimization of construction activity of 5-7-years old children. Some methods of �pattern� is used in �Development� program by L. A. Venger's Centre. The program of construction activity development in gifted children is based on this method.

The usage of fairy-tale in pre-school education

N. Ya. Bolshunova

The problems arising from the changes in form and content of pre-school education, for example, uncritical transfer of educational systems to different socio-culturial environments are analyzed. The basic notions of child community existence and development are discussed as the usage of fairy-tale in it.

Aggressive fantasies in childhood and adolescence

S. A. Zavrazhin

Aggressive fantasies in childhood and adolescence and different variations of this phenomenon are analyzed. Attention is paid to the theme of violence in the fantasies of children in modem society, its genesis, content and influence on real behavior.

The limits of psychological consultation

S. A. Kapustin

The limitations of psychologist's abilities when rendering consultative help are discussed. Specific personal problems emerging in consultative situation are described and their role, though outside consultant's competence, but determining psychological help effectiveness is shown.

Content-analysis of lonely hearts advertisements

(self-presentation and requirements to a partner)

B. P. Krasovsky

Sex-differences in self-presentation are analyzed. Physical attractiveness, physique, role expectations in marriage choice are considered. The analyzed data are extracted from Russian newspapers. A comparison of marital preference by men and women is presented.

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Characteristics of radiation risk perception by professionals in atomic energetics and by non-professionals

M. V. Kroz, S. A.T. Lipatov, � .V. Chinkina

Comparative analysis of two studies data on the perception of atomic energetics by different populations is presented. Estimations of radiation risk by the operators of Chernobylatomic electric plant are significantly lower than those by non-professionals. It shows the importance of special knowledge and experience in risk perception rather than the circumstances of location not far from potential source of radiation. As a result atomic electric plant operators judge radiation risk to be everyday and habitual challenge.

Perception of taboo towards nature by human beings

A. I. Ryzhikov

The concept of "forbidden" in human psyche is inborn and normally realizes itself in the preservation of certain territories, natural complexes, which remain untouched as a result of inner psychological needs. Pagan worship of natural forces represents fantastic explanation of human perception of "forbidden" objects. Modem monotheistic religions and jurisdiction do not guarantee against pollution of existing "forbidden" territories. Return of human society to paganism being impossible, it is necessary to use science and culture to save nature and wild life.

The notion of extra-extra-aim in K. S. Stanislavsky's system

V.I. Kochnev

Extra-extra-aim is essential notion of K. S. Stanislavsky's system, connecting actor's professional and private life. It plays initiating and commanding roles in the creation of scenic image. The presence of extra-extra-aim is necessary condition for normal creative process on stage. The efficiency of extra-extra-aim transformation in motives' hierarchy is connected to some personal characteristics presenting one of the levels of actor's abilities.

Text comprehension: human and cosmic problems

G. G. Granik, O. V. Soboleva

The authors suggest that comprehension as any creative process is influenced by cosmic thought. On the other hand when a reader works with the text, his thoughts go to space enriching it with positive energy. So the round of thought emerges: from cosmos � to the author of the text � to the reader � to cosmos again. These views are based on E. I. Rerikh'sconcept of "Live Ethics" and use the data from the knowledge about texts.

To the 100th anniversary of S. V. Kravkov

S. V. Kravkov is well-known Russian scientist � psychologist and physiologist, who played important role in the development of new scientific field � physiological optics. Some materials ranging from personal memories to the attempt of scientific analysis of Kravkov'sworks are presented.

Personal values and personal preferences of a person

G. L. Budinaite, T. V. Kornilova

The hypothesis of personal values development as a result of dynamics of sense formations' comprehension is discussed. Claster-analysis of personal preferable notions connected to the concept of creative personality is applied for the evaluation of changes in personal values' hierarchy due to discussion and in different groups of participants. These changes in preferences are interpreted as the consequences of comprehension of personal senses by a person and as the discriminants of special learning activity aimed at the under-standing of the reasons for made choices.

Age-specific changes in genotype-environment connections to mental abilities

M. S. Egorova, N. M. Zyryanova, S. D. Piyankova

The results of longitudinal twin study are presented. MZ and DZ twins were examinated in senior preschool age, after one year of school education and after three years of school education. The changes in verbal, non-verbal and general intellect, connected to age, between MZ and DZ twins were found to depend upon environment rather than upon heredity.

Social conflict resolution:

Towards a person-centered model

A. S. Segrera, M. Araiza

The purpose of this article is to share the authors' reflections on the theory and practice of social conflict resolution, within the framework of person-centered approach. Some theoretical considerations, including the usefulness of a more comprehensive model of interpersonal relations, as well as some methodological proposals related to the design, process and differential functions in social conflict resolution projects are tentatively presented.