Lars Ibsen | Aalborg University (original) (raw)

Papers by Lars Ibsen

Water and Soil Scientific Publications at the Department of Civil Engineering Technical Reports a... more Water and Soil Scientific Publications at the Department of Civil Engineering Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work carried out at the Department of Civil Engineering (DCE) at Aalborg University. This medium allows publication of more detailed explanations and results than typically allowed in scientific journals. Technical Memoranda are produced to enable the preliminary dissemination of scientific work by the personnel of the DCE where such release is deemed to be appropriate. Documents of this kind may be incomplete or temporary versions of papers-or part of continuing work. This should be kept in mind when references are given to publications of this kind. Contract Reports are produced to report scientific work carried out under contract. Publications of this kind contain confidential matter and are reserved for the sponsors and the DCE. Therefore, Contract Reports are generally not available for public circulation. Lecture Notes contain material produced by the lecturers at the DCE for educational purposes. This may be scientific notes, lecture books, example problems or manuals for laboratory work, or computer programs developed at the DCE. Theses are monograms or collections of papers published to report the scientific work carried out at the DCE to obtain a degree as either PhD or Doctor of Technology. The thesis is publicly available after the defence of the degree. Latest News is published to enable rapid communication of information about scientific work carried out at the DCE. This includes the status of research projects, developments in the laboratories, information about collaborative work and recent research results.

The Twenty-second International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 2012

Offshore wind farms are a promising renewable energy source. The monopod bucket foundation has th... more Offshore wind farms are a promising renewable energy source. The monopod bucket foundation has the potential to become a reliable and cost-effective concept for offshore wind turbines. The bucket foundation must be designed by accounting for the cyclic loading which might endanger the turbine functioning. In this article a 1g physical model of bucket foundation under horizontal and moment cyclic loading is described. A testing program including four tests was carried out. Every test was conducted for at least 30000 cycles, each with different loading features. The capability of the model to represent the cyclic loading is discussed based on example results.

Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work ... more Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work carried out at the Department of Civil Engineering (DCE) at Aalborg University. This medium allows publication of more detailed explanations and results than typically allowed in scientific journals. Technical Memoranda are produced to enable the preliminary dissemination of scientific work by the personnel of the DCE where such release is deemed to be appropriate. Documents of this kind may be incomplete or temporary versions of papers-or part of continuing work. This should be kept in mind when references are given to publications of this kind. Contract Reports are produced to report scientific work carried out under contract. Publications of this kind contain confidential matter and are reserved for the sponsors and the DCE. Therefore, Contract Reports are generally not available for public circulation. Lecture Notes contain material produced by the lecturers at the DCE for educational purposes. This may be scientific notes, lecture books, example problems or manuals for laboratory work, or computer programs developed at the DCE. Theses are monograms or collections of papers published to report the scientific work carried out at the DCE to obtain a degree as either PhD or Doctor of Technology. The thesis is publicly available after the defence of the degree. Latest News is published to enable rapid communication of information about scientific work carried out at the DCE. This includes the status of research projects, developments in the laboratories, information about collaborative work and recent research results.

Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work ... more Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work carried out at the Department of Civil Engineering (DCE) at Aalborg University. This medium allows publication of more detailed explanations and results than typically allowed in scientific journals. Technical Memoranda are produced to enable the preliminary dissemination of scientific work by the personnel of the DCE where such release is deemed to be appropriate. Documents of this kind may be incomplete or temporary versions of papers-or part of continuing work. This should be kept in mind when references are given to publications of this kind. Contract Reports are produced to report scientific work carried out under contract. Publications of this kind contain confidential matter and are reserved for the sponsors and the DCE. Therefore, Contract Reports are generally not available for public circulation. Lecture Notes contain material produced by the lecturers at the DCE for educational purposes. This may be scientific notes, lecture books, example problems or manuals for laboratory work, or computer programs developed at the DCE. Theses are monograms or collections of papers published to report the scientific work carried out at the DCE to obtain a degree as either PhD or Doctor of Technology. The thesis is publicly available after the defence of the degree. Latest News is published to enable rapid communication of information about scientific work carried out at the DCE. This includes the status of research projects, developments in the laboratories, information about collaborative work and recent research results.

The Twenty-fourth International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, Jun 15, 2014

ABSTRACT This article presents a new testing rig for axially loaded bucket foundations. The mediu... more ABSTRACT This article presents a new testing rig for axially loaded bucket foundations. The medium-scale physical model gives the ability to examine the influence of axial tensile, compressive as well as cyclic loading on bucket foundations subjected to various levels of overburden stress. The properties of the test set-up allow long-term examination with more than 40 000 cycles. Tests can be done with specimens of up to one meter in diameter and one meter in skirt length. The overburden pressure can be as large as 70 kPa using a tight latex membrane which covers the specimen and the soil surface. In addition to the description of the rig, results from several monotonic tensile tests are presented.

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, Oct 30, 2012

This paper aims at finding force-displacement relationships to be employed in the design of bucke... more This paper aims at finding force-displacement relationships to be employed in the design of bucket foundations for offshore wind turbine. This is accomplished by combining small-scale tests and element tests within a theoretical framework. A similitude theory, regarding the lateral displacement of bucket foundations under horizontal load, is put forward. A constitutive law of the soil and a load-displacement relationship for the bucket foundation are theoretically obtained. Triaxial tests of sand, and small-scale tests of bucket foundation, are respectively employed to corroborate the theory. Attention is given to the different behaviour shown during the compressive and dilative phases of the soil. Some analogy between triaxial tests and tests of bucket foundation are pointed out. A theoretically derived power law is found capable to represent the dimensionless horizontal load-displacement curves of experimental results. In accordance with the theory, the exponent of the power law slightly varies between tests with considerably different features. The non-dimensional moment-rotation relationship is represented by a power law as well. The approach is considered valid for fatigue design. The study may be an interesting source for further researches on long-term cyclic horizontal loading.

The Twenty-second International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 2012

Cone penetration testing (CPT) is a fast and reliable means of conducting site investigations. Di... more Cone penetration testing (CPT) is a fast and reliable means of conducting site investigations. Different methods exist for soil profile interpretation from CPT data but their validity still needs to be verified. A wind farm site at Aarhus, where numerous CPTu tests have been conducted is considered. The raw cone penetration measurements are scrutinized for data connected with physical or mechanical errors, and these are removed. The corrected data then were used for classifying soil by several charts presented in the literature. The results are further compared and verified with laboratory classification of samples retrieved from boreholes.

CRC Press eBooks, Aug 31, 2016

Applied Ocean Research, Aug 1, 2015

The response of bucket foundations on sand subjected to planar monotonic and cyclic loading is in... more The response of bucket foundations on sand subjected to planar monotonic and cyclic loading is investigated in the paper. Thirteen monotonic and cyclic laboratory tests on a skirted footing model having a 0.3 m diameter and embedment ratio equal to 1 are presented. The loading regime reproduces the typical conditions of offshore wind turbines: very large cyclic overturning moment, large cyclic horizontal load and comparatively little, self-weight induced, vertical load. The experimental soil-foundation response is interpreted within the macro-element approach, using an existing analytical model, suitably modified to accommodate the footing embedment and the application of cyclic load. Details of the proposed model are provided together with evidences of its ability to reproduce the essential features of the experimentally observed behaviour. The results of the study aim at increasing the confidence in the use of the macro-element approach to predict the response of bucket foundations for offshore wind turbines, notably as the long-term accumulated displacements are concerned.

Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Aug 1, 2015

S. Firouzianbandpey, L.B. Ibsen, and L.V. Andersen. Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg Univ... more S. Firouzianbandpey, L.B. Ibsen, and L.V. Andersen. Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark. D.V. Griffiths. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. Corresponding author: S. Firouzianbandpey (e-mail: sf@civil.aau.dk). Table 1. Results of spatial variability of cone data for different soil layers at the Aalborg site.

International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, Jun 1, 2015

Small-scale tests have been conducted to investigate the quasi-static behaviour of laterally load... more Small-scale tests have been conducted to investigate the quasi-static behaviour of laterally loaded, non-slender piles installed in cohesionless soil. For that purpose, a new and innovative test setup has been developed. The tests have been conducted in a pressure tank such that it was possible to apply an overburden pressure to the soil. As a result of that, the traditional uncertainties related to low effective stresses for small-scale tests have been avoided. A normalisation criterion for laterally loaded piles has been proposed based on dimensional analysis. The test results using the novel testing method have been compared with the use of the normalisation criterion.

Soils and Foundations, 2018

Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2019

To engineer efficient structures offshore, we need to extend our knowledge of soil response. Cycl... more To engineer efficient structures offshore, we need to extend our knowledge of soil response. Cyclic loading and high water pressure encountered offshore greatly influence cohesionless soil performance. Silty sand from Frederikshavn wind turbine farm was tested using single diameter height samples with lubricated, smooth boundary piston heads in a Danish triaxial apparatus. Samples were successfully subjected to loading histories of high complexity. Loading include high strains and stresses, post liquefaction response, transitioning through multiple densities and restoring initial soil properties after long test procedures. Results suggest the testing method is highly suitable for observing complicated soil response and worth exploring further.

Water and Soil Scientific Publications at the Department of Civil Engineering Technical Reports a... more Water and Soil Scientific Publications at the Department of Civil Engineering Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work carried out at the Department of Civil Engineering (DCE) at Aalborg University. This medium allows publication of more detailed explanations and results than typically allowed in scientific journals. Technical Memoranda are produced to enable the preliminary dissemination of scientific work by the personnel of the DCE where such release is deemed to be appropriate. Documents of this kind may be incomplete or temporary versions of papers-or part of continuing work. This should be kept in mind when references are given to publications of this kind. Contract Reports are produced to report scientific work carried out under contract. Publications of this kind contain confidential matter and are reserved for the sponsors and the DCE. Therefore, Contract Reports are generally not available for public circulation. Lecture Notes contain material produced by the lecturers at the DCE for educational purposes. This may be scientific notes, lecture books, example problems or manuals for laboratory work, or computer programs developed at the DCE. Theses are monograms or collections of papers published to report the scientific work carried out at the DCE to obtain a degree as either PhD or Doctor of Technology. The thesis is publicly available after the defence of the degree. Latest News is published to enable rapid communication of information about scientific work carried out at the DCE. This includes the status of research projects, developments in the laboratories, information about collaborative work and recent research results.

The Twenty-second International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 2012

Offshore wind farms are a promising renewable energy source. The monopod bucket foundation has th... more Offshore wind farms are a promising renewable energy source. The monopod bucket foundation has the potential to become a reliable and cost-effective concept for offshore wind turbines. The bucket foundation must be designed by accounting for the cyclic loading which might endanger the turbine functioning. In this article a 1g physical model of bucket foundation under horizontal and moment cyclic loading is described. A testing program including four tests was carried out. Every test was conducted for at least 30000 cycles, each with different loading features. The capability of the model to represent the cyclic loading is discussed based on example results.

Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work ... more Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work carried out at the Department of Civil Engineering (DCE) at Aalborg University. This medium allows publication of more detailed explanations and results than typically allowed in scientific journals. Technical Memoranda are produced to enable the preliminary dissemination of scientific work by the personnel of the DCE where such release is deemed to be appropriate. Documents of this kind may be incomplete or temporary versions of papers-or part of continuing work. This should be kept in mind when references are given to publications of this kind. Contract Reports are produced to report scientific work carried out under contract. Publications of this kind contain confidential matter and are reserved for the sponsors and the DCE. Therefore, Contract Reports are generally not available for public circulation. Lecture Notes contain material produced by the lecturers at the DCE for educational purposes. This may be scientific notes, lecture books, example problems or manuals for laboratory work, or computer programs developed at the DCE. Theses are monograms or collections of papers published to report the scientific work carried out at the DCE to obtain a degree as either PhD or Doctor of Technology. The thesis is publicly available after the defence of the degree. Latest News is published to enable rapid communication of information about scientific work carried out at the DCE. This includes the status of research projects, developments in the laboratories, information about collaborative work and recent research results.

Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work ... more Technical Reports are published for timely dissemination of research results and scientific work carried out at the Department of Civil Engineering (DCE) at Aalborg University. This medium allows publication of more detailed explanations and results than typically allowed in scientific journals. Technical Memoranda are produced to enable the preliminary dissemination of scientific work by the personnel of the DCE where such release is deemed to be appropriate. Documents of this kind may be incomplete or temporary versions of papers-or part of continuing work. This should be kept in mind when references are given to publications of this kind. Contract Reports are produced to report scientific work carried out under contract. Publications of this kind contain confidential matter and are reserved for the sponsors and the DCE. Therefore, Contract Reports are generally not available for public circulation. Lecture Notes contain material produced by the lecturers at the DCE for educational purposes. This may be scientific notes, lecture books, example problems or manuals for laboratory work, or computer programs developed at the DCE. Theses are monograms or collections of papers published to report the scientific work carried out at the DCE to obtain a degree as either PhD or Doctor of Technology. The thesis is publicly available after the defence of the degree. Latest News is published to enable rapid communication of information about scientific work carried out at the DCE. This includes the status of research projects, developments in the laboratories, information about collaborative work and recent research results.

The Twenty-fourth International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, Jun 15, 2014

ABSTRACT This article presents a new testing rig for axially loaded bucket foundations. The mediu... more ABSTRACT This article presents a new testing rig for axially loaded bucket foundations. The medium-scale physical model gives the ability to examine the influence of axial tensile, compressive as well as cyclic loading on bucket foundations subjected to various levels of overburden stress. The properties of the test set-up allow long-term examination with more than 40 000 cycles. Tests can be done with specimens of up to one meter in diameter and one meter in skirt length. The overburden pressure can be as large as 70 kPa using a tight latex membrane which covers the specimen and the soil surface. In addition to the description of the rig, results from several monotonic tensile tests are presented.

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, Oct 30, 2012

This paper aims at finding force-displacement relationships to be employed in the design of bucke... more This paper aims at finding force-displacement relationships to be employed in the design of bucket foundations for offshore wind turbine. This is accomplished by combining small-scale tests and element tests within a theoretical framework. A similitude theory, regarding the lateral displacement of bucket foundations under horizontal load, is put forward. A constitutive law of the soil and a load-displacement relationship for the bucket foundation are theoretically obtained. Triaxial tests of sand, and small-scale tests of bucket foundation, are respectively employed to corroborate the theory. Attention is given to the different behaviour shown during the compressive and dilative phases of the soil. Some analogy between triaxial tests and tests of bucket foundation are pointed out. A theoretically derived power law is found capable to represent the dimensionless horizontal load-displacement curves of experimental results. In accordance with the theory, the exponent of the power law slightly varies between tests with considerably different features. The non-dimensional moment-rotation relationship is represented by a power law as well. The approach is considered valid for fatigue design. The study may be an interesting source for further researches on long-term cyclic horizontal loading.

The Twenty-second International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 2012

Cone penetration testing (CPT) is a fast and reliable means of conducting site investigations. Di... more Cone penetration testing (CPT) is a fast and reliable means of conducting site investigations. Different methods exist for soil profile interpretation from CPT data but their validity still needs to be verified. A wind farm site at Aarhus, where numerous CPTu tests have been conducted is considered. The raw cone penetration measurements are scrutinized for data connected with physical or mechanical errors, and these are removed. The corrected data then were used for classifying soil by several charts presented in the literature. The results are further compared and verified with laboratory classification of samples retrieved from boreholes.

CRC Press eBooks, Aug 31, 2016

Applied Ocean Research, Aug 1, 2015

The response of bucket foundations on sand subjected to planar monotonic and cyclic loading is in... more The response of bucket foundations on sand subjected to planar monotonic and cyclic loading is investigated in the paper. Thirteen monotonic and cyclic laboratory tests on a skirted footing model having a 0.3 m diameter and embedment ratio equal to 1 are presented. The loading regime reproduces the typical conditions of offshore wind turbines: very large cyclic overturning moment, large cyclic horizontal load and comparatively little, self-weight induced, vertical load. The experimental soil-foundation response is interpreted within the macro-element approach, using an existing analytical model, suitably modified to accommodate the footing embedment and the application of cyclic load. Details of the proposed model are provided together with evidences of its ability to reproduce the essential features of the experimentally observed behaviour. The results of the study aim at increasing the confidence in the use of the macro-element approach to predict the response of bucket foundations for offshore wind turbines, notably as the long-term accumulated displacements are concerned.

Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Aug 1, 2015

S. Firouzianbandpey, L.B. Ibsen, and L.V. Andersen. Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg Univ... more S. Firouzianbandpey, L.B. Ibsen, and L.V. Andersen. Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark. D.V. Griffiths. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. Corresponding author: S. Firouzianbandpey (e-mail: sf@civil.aau.dk). Table 1. Results of spatial variability of cone data for different soil layers at the Aalborg site.

International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, Jun 1, 2015

Small-scale tests have been conducted to investigate the quasi-static behaviour of laterally load... more Small-scale tests have been conducted to investigate the quasi-static behaviour of laterally loaded, non-slender piles installed in cohesionless soil. For that purpose, a new and innovative test setup has been developed. The tests have been conducted in a pressure tank such that it was possible to apply an overburden pressure to the soil. As a result of that, the traditional uncertainties related to low effective stresses for small-scale tests have been avoided. A normalisation criterion for laterally loaded piles has been proposed based on dimensional analysis. The test results using the novel testing method have been compared with the use of the normalisation criterion.

Soils and Foundations, 2018

Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2019

To engineer efficient structures offshore, we need to extend our knowledge of soil response. Cycl... more To engineer efficient structures offshore, we need to extend our knowledge of soil response. Cyclic loading and high water pressure encountered offshore greatly influence cohesionless soil performance. Silty sand from Frederikshavn wind turbine farm was tested using single diameter height samples with lubricated, smooth boundary piston heads in a Danish triaxial apparatus. Samples were successfully subjected to loading histories of high complexity. Loading include high strains and stresses, post liquefaction response, transitioning through multiple densities and restoring initial soil properties after long test procedures. Results suggest the testing method is highly suitable for observing complicated soil response and worth exploring further.