Olusola B Adewale | Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti (original) (raw)

Papers by Olusola B Adewale

The rapidly growing field of nanotechnology has offered innovative discoveries in medical and ind... more The rapidly growing field of nanotechnology has offered innovative discoveries in medical and industrial fields. The potential risks of these nanoparticles have also been identified via environmental and occupational exposure. Magnesium nanoparticles have gained commercial interest in the areas of waste remediation, water treatment and drug delivery. However, the potential toxic effect of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (MgOHNPs) is yet to be unraveled. The present study elucidated the effect of repeated doses of MgOHNPs in rats. Adult Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 50, 100, 200 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of the nanoparticle for 28 days. Exposure to MgOHNPs impaired the functionality of liver and kidney as evidenced by significant elevation in plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), magnesium, calcium, potassium and creatinine levels compared with control. Also significant reduction in the plasma concentrations of albumin, total protein, globulin and c...

Liver damage is a growing concern of today’s modern society. The increasing incidence of exposure... more Liver damage is a growing concern of today’s modern society. The increasing incidence of exposure to toxic agents has contributed to liver diseases. There is therefore need for hepatoprotective agents. This study was aimed at investigating the protective effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Solanum macrocarpon against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. Six groups of four animals each were used for the investigation. Group 1 served as control, groups 2, 3 and 4 animals were pre-treated with leaf extract of Solanum macrocarpon at 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 750mg/kg body weight respectively for 14 days prior to a single intraperitoneal administration of CCl4. Animals in groups 5 and 6 received only the extract at a dose of 750mg/kg body weight and CCl4 respectively. All animals were sacrificed 24 h after the administration of CCl4. The liver functions tests were performed in addition to their histopathological evaluation. Results obtained showed significant adverse changes in the lev...

Cancer cell international, 2018

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers diagnosed and among the commonest cause... more Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers diagnosed and among the commonest causes of cancer-related mortality globally. Despite the various available treatment options, millions of people still suffer from this illness and most of these treatment options have several limitations. Therefore, a less expensive, non-invasive or a treatment that requires the use of dietary products remains a focal point in this review. Aberrant microRNA expression has been revealed to have a functional role in the initiation and progression of CRC. These has shown significant promise in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC, owing to their unique expression profile associated with cancer types and malignancies. Moreover, microRNA therapeutics show a great promise in preclinical studies, and these encourage further development of their clinical use in CRC patients. Additionally, emerging studies show the chemo-preventive potential of dietary components in microRNA modulation using several CR...

Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine, 2015

Objectives: The burden of renal diseases is growing every day, and there is need to speed up rese... more Objectives: The burden of renal diseases is growing every day, and there is need to speed up research toward realizing the goal of a safe, cheap, and readily available remedy against this scourge. The objective of the study was to investigate the protective effect of aqueous extract of the fruit of Xylopia aethiopica against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced kidney damage in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six rats divided into 6 groups were used for the investigation. Group I served as control, Groups II, III, and IV were pre-treated for 21 days with aqueous extract of the fruit of X. aethiopica at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, respectively, prior to a single intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 . Animals in groups V received only the fruit extract at a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight while animals in group VI were given only CCl4 . Animals were sacrificed 24 h after the administration of CCl4 . The kidney function tests were performed in addition to histopathological evaluations. Results: Significant increase in the plasma levels of creatinine and urea, and a significant decrease in plasma total protein and albumin following CCl4 administration were detected. CCl4 caused a significant elevation in malondialdehyde and a decrease in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the kidney. These deleterious effects were significantly prevented by pre-treatment with the X. aethiopica extract. Conclusion: These findings suggest that X. aethiopica protection of the kidney against CCl4 -induced damage may be connected with the rich antioxidant potential of the plant.

European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2015

Aim: This study was designed to examine the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of the fru... more Aim: This study was designed to examine the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of the fruits of Xylopia aethiopica using the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) model. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry unit, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria between November, 2013 and April, 2014. Methodology: Thirty six rats divided into 6 groups of 6 animals each were used for the investigation. Group 1 served as control, while groups 2, 3 and 4 were pre-treated with aqueous extract of the fruit of X. aethiopica at the respective dose of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight for 21 days prior to a single intraperitoneal administration of CCl4. Animals in group 5 received only the fruit extract at a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight, while those in group 6 were given only CCl4. All animals were sacrificed 24 h after the administration of CCl4. Liver functions Original Research Article Adewale and Orhue; EJMP, 9(4): 1-10, 2015; Article no.EJMP.18927 2 was assessed by measuring the plasma levels of AST, ALT, ALP, total protein and albumin. Plasma lipid profile and the degree of lipid peroxidation in the liver were determined in addition to histopathological evaluations. Results: Whereas CCl4 administration resulted in significant elevations in plasma ALT, AST, and ALP, there was a significant reduction in both plasma total protein and albumin. In addition, histopathological changes were observed with CCl4. Analysis of the data obtained for MDA, SOD and catalase suggest that the plant extract exerts its protective effect probably by inhibiting CCl4induced lipid peroxidation in liver tissue. Conclusion: It can be suggested that X. aethiopica fruits has the ability to offer a significant degree of protection to liver cells against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats by antioxidant mechanism of action.

Oxidants and Antioxidants in Medical Science, 2014

ABSTRACT Objective: Antioxidants are known to offer resistance against oxidative stress by scaven... more ABSTRACT Objective: Antioxidants are known to offer resistance against oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and by other mechanisms. They therefore help in preventing the free radicals induced diseases. Solanum macrocarpon is an important medicinal plant with rich source of nutritional and medicinal constituents. The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability of S.macrocarpon leaves to protect tissues against iron (Fe 2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat's liver and brain. Methods: The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the aqueous extract of S.macrocarpon leaves, as well as its antioxidant potential, free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and protective action on tissues against lipid peroxidation were carried out. Results: S.macrocarpon leaves revealed high phenolic and flavonoid content. Incubating the liver and brain of rats with S.macrocarpon leave extract exhibited high percentage inhibition of lipid peroxidation induced by iron(II) sulphate. Moreover, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity and reducing power of the extract increased as the concentration increases. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of Solanum macrocarpon leaves possess a powerful antioxidant activity and can offer good protection against oxidative damage to body cells, especially liver and brain.

Journal of ethnopharmacology, Jan 3, 2016

Crassocephalum rubens is found throughout tropical Africa including the Indian Ocean islands. The... more Crassocephalum rubens is found throughout tropical Africa including the Indian Ocean islands. The leaves are commonly eaten in form of soups and sauces in South-Western Nigeria, also in other humid zones of Africa. Traditionally, it is used as an antidote against any form of poisoning; used to treat stomach and liver complaints; and externally to treat burns, sore eyes, earache, leprosy and breast cancer. In this study, acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of C. rubens leaves was evaluated in rats in order to assess its safety profile. In acute toxicity study, rats were given a single oral administration of aqueous extract of C. rubens leaves at graded doses (250mg/kg - 5000mg/kg). The animals were monitored for behavioural changes and possible mortality over a period of 24 h and thereafter, for 14 days. In the subacute toxicity study, rats of both sexes were administered C. rubens orally at doses of 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 750mg/kg and 1000mg/kg body weight daily, for 28 days...

Journal of Oncological Sciences

Cancer is a disease at the cellular level involving heritable disorders in cellular control mecha... more Cancer is a disease at the cellular level involving heritable disorders in cellular control mechanism. Cancer cells also need to adapt their metabolism to survive and multiply under the metabolically compromised conditions provided by the tumor microenvironment. Tumor cells alter their metabolism to maintain unregulated cellular proliferation and survival, but this transformation leaves them reliant on constant supply of nutrients and energy. They alter their metabolism to support their rapid proliferation and expansion across the body. After the discovery of based on the altered cancer cell metabolism in 1930, loads of studies have shed light on several aspects of cancer metabolism with a common goal to find new ways for effectively eliminating tumor cells by targeting their energy metabolism. Research has directed most of its resources to elucidate the causes, prevention and possible cure for cancer, yet the process has been elusive claiming human lives more than ever. This disease is a manifestation of etiological and pathological disturbances of mechanisms that control cell division, differentiation and metabolism. 50% of all human tumors carry genetic alterations that lead to the inactivation of some tumor suppressor proteins. Cancer cells are shown to experience characteristic changes in their metabolic programs, including increased uptake of glucose, enhanced rates of glutaminolysis and fatty acids synthesis, suggesting that metabolic shifts supports tumor cells growth and survival. In this review, we summarized the major concepts of glucose metabolization and explore the molecular basis of aerobic glycolysis of cancer cells.

Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature, 2015

Abstract In-vitro anthelmintic activity of methanol and petroleum ether extracts of Helicteres is... more Abstract In-vitro anthelmintic activity of methanol and petroleum ether extracts of Helicteres isora fruits were determined by the evaluation of time for paralysis and death (min.) against Indian earthworms Pheretima posthuma. Various concentrations of extracts were tested in the bioassay (10, 20, and 50 mg/ml). Albendazole at concentration 20 mg/ml was included as standard reference while normal saline (0.9 % NaCl) solution as control. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals scavenging assays. The both methanol and petroleum ether extracts showed dose dependent anthelmintic activity. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity was obtained with the methanol extract (IC50 42.95 µg/ml), while petroleum ether extract showed less free radical scavenging activity (IC50 89.81 μg/ml) as compared to standard ascorbic acid (IC50 23.75 µg/ml). Hydrogen peroxide decomposition activity of methanol and petroleum ether extracts were showed in a concentration dependent manner with an IC50 36.61 µg/ml and 74.40 µg/ml respectively, while IC50 value for ascorbic acid was 9.64 ìg/ml. Methanol extracts showed potent anthelmintic and antioxidant activity than petroleum ether extracts.

Human & Experimental Toxicology

The application of gold nanoparticle-peptide conjugates as theranostic agents for colorectal canc... more The application of gold nanoparticle-peptide conjugates as theranostic agents for colorectal cancer shows much promise. This study aimed at determining the neurotoxic impact of 14 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with colorectal cancer-targeting peptides (namely p.C, p.L or p.14) in a rat model. Brain tissue samples, obtained from Wistar rats that received a single injection of citrate-capped AuNPs, polyethylene glycol-coated (PEG) AuNPs, p.C-PEG-AuNPs, p.L-PEG-AuNPs or p.14-PEG-AuNPs, and sacrificed after 2- and 12-weeks, respectively, were analysed. Inflammation marker (tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and apoptotic biomarker (cytochrome c, caspase-3) levels were measured. Gold nanoparticle-treated groups sacrificed after 2-weeks did not exhibit any significant inflammatory, oxidative stress or apoptotic effects in brain tissue compared to the untreated control group. In ...

Objective: Antioxidants are known to offer resistance against oxidative stress by scavenging free... more Objective: Antioxidants are known to offer resistance against oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and by other mechanisms. They therefore help in preventing the free radicals induced diseases. Solanum macrocarpon is an important medicinal plant with rich source of nutritional and medicinal constituents. The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability of S.macrocarpon leaves to protect tissues against iron (Fe2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat’s liver and brain. Methods: The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the aqueous extract of S.macrocarpon leaves, as well as its antioxidant potential, free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and protective action on tissues against lipid peroxidation were carried out. Results: S.macrocarpon leaves revealed high phenolic and flavonoid content. Incubating the liver and brain of rats with S.macrocarpon leave extract exhibited high percentage inhibition of lipid peroxi...

International Journal of Toxicology

Potential applications of gold nanoparticles in biomedicine have increasingly been reported on ac... more Potential applications of gold nanoparticles in biomedicine have increasingly been reported on account of the ease of synthesis, bioinert characteristics, optical properties, chemical stability, high biocompatibility, and specificity. The safety of these particles remains a great concern, as there are differences among toxicity study protocols used. This article focuses on integrating results of research on the toxicological behavior of gold nanoparticles. This can be influenced by the physicochemical properties, including size, shape, surface charge, and other factors, such as methods used in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles, models used, dose, in vivo route of administration, and interference of gold nanoparticles with in vitro toxicity assay systems. Several researchers have reported toxicological studies with regard to gold nanoparticles, using various in vitro, in vivo, and in ovo models. The conflicting results concerning the toxicity of gold nanoparticles should thus be ad...

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Natural products, most especially from plant origin, possess antioxidant properties which are kno... more Natural products, most especially from plant origin, possess antioxidant properties which are known to play crucial roles in preventing and treating various pathological conditions occasioned by free radicals. Crassocephalum rubens is a one of those plants, and this study investigated the protective properties of ethanolic extract of C. rubens (EECR) leaves against hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ). Thirty rats divided into 6 groups (n=5) were used for the investigation. Group 1 served as normal control while groups 2, 3 and 4 were pretreated for 21 days with EECR leaves at 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 450 mg/kg b.w. respectively, prior to a single intraperitoneal administration of CCl 4 . Animals in groups 5 received only the extract at a dose of 450 mg/kg body weight while animals in group 6 were given only CCl 4 . All animals were sacrificed 24 h after the administration of CCl 4 . CCl 4 significantly (p < 0.05) induced marked hepatic damage as revealed by increased activities of plasma ALT, AST, GGT and ALP. Also, plasma total protein and albumin were significantly decreased in CCl 4 -treated animals relative to normal control. Analyses of antioxidant status showed that CCl 4 elicited a significant decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, with an increase in malondialdehyde levels in liver. Pre-treatment with the EECR leaves at all doses tested however, significantly (p<0.05) reduced the observed biochemical lesions. The hepatoprotective effect of the EECR may be traceable to the presence of phytochemicals inherent in the plant.