Jeanetta Du Plessis | North West University Potchefstroom (original) (raw)

Papers by Jeanetta Du Plessis

Research paper thumbnail of The Application of Lean Six Sigma Within the Devops Cycles

33rd Annual Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering Conference (SAIIE33)

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Research paper thumbnail of Perspectives in Percutaneous Penetration

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2010

The concept that the time to onset of erythema after the application of the rubefacient and urtic... more The concept that the time to onset of erythema after the application of the rubefacient and urticant substance methyl nicotinate (MN) indicates skin barrier competence was introduced 30 years ago. MN produces a dose-dependent erythema on topical application to intact skin, the nature of which is known to be fast moving (in the order of minutes) and variable. Using tissue viability imaging (TiVi) the time course and degree of the reaction can be conveniently followed and analysed. Inter-individual variability can be quite marked but intra-individual variability is less pronounced. At the upper end of provocation (higher doses, more sensitive individuals) urtication can occur, which decreases blood flow by increasing pressure on and thus emptying capillaries. The TiVi system can quantitate urtication and inherent (blanched) skin colour. The utility of MN application in the study of individual barrier function and microvascular reactivity is increased by the use of the TiVi system for collection and analysis of data.

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Research paper thumbnail of The influence of lipid composition and lamellarity of liposomes on the physical stability of liposomes upon storage

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 1996

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Research paper thumbnail of The influence of in vivo treatment of skin with liposomes on the topical absorption of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic drug in vitro

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 1994

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Research paper thumbnail of 1 Skin : Target or defense

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Research paper thumbnail of A novel HPLC method developed and validated for the detection and quantification of atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin and pravastatin during transdermal delivery studies

Die Pharmazie, 2020

An HPLC method was developed and validated to quantify and identify several statins (atorvastatin... more An HPLC method was developed and validated to quantify and identify several statins (atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin and pravastatin) that were used during transdermal drug delivery. The method proved to be most effective with a Restek Ultra C18, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm column, a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, UV detection at 240 nm and injection volume of 10 μl. The mobile phase used was acetonitrile/Milli-Q® water with 0.1% orthophosphoric acid starting with 30% acetonitrile, which increased linearly to 70% (after 4 min) for up to 10 min and then re-equilibrated to start conditions. This HPLC method indicated linearity (correlation coefficient (R²) of 1) within the concentration range of 0.05-200.00 μg/ml and had an average recovery of 98-103%. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) showed that statins could still be identified at concentrations of 0.004-0.006 μg/ml with the exception of atorvastatin (quantifiable at 0.013-0.035 μg/ml). Specificity performed durin...

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Research paper thumbnail of Development and validation of the simultaneous determination of artemisone, clofazimine and decoquinate with HPLC

Die Pharmazie, 2018

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel HPLC method for the simultaneous analys... more The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel HPLC method for the simultaneous analysis of artemisone, clofazimine and decoquinate. Detection was obtained at two wavelengths; 284 nm (clofazimine) and 210 nm (artemisone and decoquinate). Gradient elution was used with mobile phase A (A) consisting of 0.005 M sodium octanesulphonic-acid (pH 3.5) and mobile phase B (B) of HPLC grade acetonitrile. The flow rate was set to 1.0 ml/min with (A) at 35% and (B) at 65% for 2 min, followed by a gradient shift of 10/90% ((A)/(B)) over a duration of 4 min. After 10 min, the initial gradient conditions were readjusted to 35/65% ((A)/(B)). Distinctive peaks were identified for clofazimine, artemisone and decoquinate, respectively. The proposed HPLC assay method was validated and found to be reliable, reproducible and accurate for simultaneous analysis of the three compounds.

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Research paper thumbnail of Exploratory data analysis of the dependencies between skin permeability, molecular weight and log P

Die Pharmazie, 2016

Molecular weight and log P remain the most frequently used physicochemical properties in models t... more Molecular weight and log P remain the most frequently used physicochemical properties in models that predict skin permeability. However, several reports over the past two decades have suggested that predictions made by these models may not be sufficiently accurate. In this study, exploratory data analysis of the probabilistic dependencies between molecular weight, log P and log Kp was performed on a dataset constructed from the combination of several popular datasets. The results suggest that, in general, molecular weight and log P are poorly correlated to log Kp. However, after employing several exploratory data analysis techniques, regions within the dataset of statistically significant dependence were identified. As an example of the applicability of the information extracted from the exploratory data analyses, a multiple linear regression model was constructed, bounded by the ranges of dependence. This model gave reasonable approximations to log Kp values obtained from skin perm...

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Research paper thumbnail of In vitro skin permeation enhancement potential of the gel a nd whole leaf materials of A . vera , A . marlothii and A . ferox

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Research paper thumbnail of Determination of lovastatin, mevastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin with HPLC by means of gradient elution

Die Pharmazie, 2019

A novel HPLC method with UV detection was developed and validated in skin penetration (in vitro) ... more A novel HPLC method with UV detection was developed and validated in skin penetration (in vitro) studies to identify and quantify lovastatin, mevastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin. A Venusil XBP C18 (2), 150 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm column (Agela Technologies, Newark, DE) was used with gradient elution (start at 45 % acetonitrile and increase linearly to 90 % after 1 min; hold at 90 % until 6 min and then re-equilibrate at start conditions) and the mobile phase consisted of (A) Milli-Q ® water and 0.1% orthophosphoric acid, and (B) HPLC grade acetonitrile. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min, 240 nm UV detection and an injection volume of 10 μl. Linearity was obtained over a range of 0.50-200.00 μg/ml and correlation coefficients ranging from 0.998-1.000 were obtained. Average recovery ranged from 95.9-100.6 %. The LOD and LOQ values obtained from the slope of a calibration curve and the standard deviation of the response ranged from 0.0138-0.0860 μg/ml and 0.0419-0.2615 μg/ml, respectively,...

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Research paper thumbnail of A Novel RP-HPLC Method for the Detection and Quantification of Clarithromycin or Spiramycin in Bulk Drug Samples and Dosage Forms

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of In vitro wound healing and cytotoxic activity of the gel and whole-leaf materials from selected aloe species

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017

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Research paper thumbnail of In vitro skin permeation of sinigrin from its phytosome complex

The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, Jan 2, 2016

Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Recently, sinigri... more Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Recently, sinigrin and its phytosome formulations have been investigated for its wound-healing actions, by our research group. The aim of this study was to demonstrate sinigrin drug release from its phytosome complex and also to determine whether the phytosome complex enhances the delivery of sinigrin into the skin when compared to free sinigrin. In vitro Franz cell diffusion studies were performed on human abdominal skin. The morphology of the phytosome complex was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The in vitro drug release was determined using dialysis sacks. The in vitro drug release indicated a controlled and sustained release of sinigrin from the phytosome complex. Tape stripping results showed that the sinigrin-phytosome complex (0.5155 μg/ml) statistically significantly enhanced the delivery of sinigrin into the stratum corneum-epidermis when compared to the free sinigrin (0.0730 μg/ml...

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Research paper thumbnail of Treatment Modalities for Acne

Molecules, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Physical stability and clinical efficacy of Crocodylus niloticus oil lotion

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Emulsifiers and Emulsion Formulation Types on Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery

Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement, 2015

Emulsions are widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields for the topical administratio... more Emulsions are widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields for the topical administration of hydrophilic and lipophilic active ingredients. There exist different types of emulsions, e.g. water-in-oil, oil-in-water, water-in-oil-in-water and oil-in-water-in-oil. Furthermore, emulsions are thermodynamically unstable and necessitate an emulsifier for the formation and stabilisation. Both, the type of emulsion and emulsifier could affect dermal and transdermal delivery, which has been reviewed in this chapter. Due to the complexity of topical emulsions and consequently the difficulty to investigate the exclusive effect of emulsifiers and emulsion type on skin absorption, as other emulsion ingredients may also contribute to interactions with the active ingredient and the skin, this chapter aimed at focusing mainly on studies with a systematic approach. For example, studies were included that investigated emulsions with the same composition and only differed in the emulsifier component or emulsion type. The review demonstrated that the type of emulsion significantly affected the dermal and transdermal delivery. In general, skin penetration of hydrophilic active ingredients was enhanced when the active was incorporated into the continuous phase of the emulsion. Furthermore, multiple o/w/o emulsions, in comparison to simple w/o emulsions, reduced the transdermal delivery of lipophilic active ingredients, whereas the dermal delivery was increased. Therefore, multiple emulsions could be useful for prolonged topical delivery. It was also demonstrated that the effect of the emulsifiers on dermal and transdermal delivery could vary, depending on the structure and physicochemical properties of the emulsifier/emulsifier system, such as the hydrophilic chain length, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value, emulsifier charge or solid particles vs. surfactant.

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Research paper thumbnail of Cutaneous tuberculosis overview and current treatment regimens

Tuberculosis, 2015

Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases known to humankind and it is currently a worldwide thr... more Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases known to humankind and it is currently a worldwide threat with 8-9 million new active disease being reported every year. Among patients with co-infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis is ultimately responsible for the most deaths. Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is uncommon, comprising 1-1.5% of all extra-pulmonary tuberculosis manifestations, which manifests only in 8.4-13.7% of all tuberculosis cases. A more accurate classification of CTB includes inoculation tuberculosis, tuberculosis from an endogenous source and haematogenous tuberculosis. There is furthermore a definite distinction between true CTB caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and CTB caused by atypical mycobacterium species. The lesions caused by mycobacterium species vary from small papules (e.g. primary inoculation tuberculosis) and warty lesions (e.g. tuberculosis verrucosa cutis) to massive ulcers (e.g. Buruli ulcer) and plaques (e.g. lupus vulgaris) that can be highly deformative. Treatment options for CTB are currently limited to conventional oral therapy and occasional surgical intervention in cases that require it. True CTB is treated with a combination of rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, isoniazid and streptomycin that is tailored to individual needs. Atypical mycobacterium infections are mostly resistant to anti-tuberculous drugs and only respond to certain antibiotics. As in the case of pulmonary TB, various and relatively wide-ranging treatment regimens are available, although patient compliance is poor. The development of multi-drug and extremely drug-resistant strains has also threatened treatment outcomes. To date, no topical therapy for CTB has been identified and although conventional therapy has mostly shown positive results, there is a lack of other treatment regimens.

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Research paper thumbnail of Bioactive Albumin-Based Carriers for Tumour Chemotherapy

Current Cancer Drug Targets, 2014

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Research paper thumbnail of Development and characterization of nano-emulsions and nano-emulgels for transdermal delivery of statins

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2021

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Research paper thumbnail of Topical Delivery of Withania somnifera Crude Extracts in Niosomes and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

Pharmacognosy magazine, 2017

Withania somnifera is a medicinal plant native to India and is known to have anticancer propertie... more Withania somnifera is a medicinal plant native to India and is known to have anticancer properties. It has been investigated for its anti-melanoma properties, and since melanoma presents on the skin, it is prudent to probe the use of W. somnifera in topical formulations. To enhance topical drug delivery and to allow for controlled release, the use of niosomes and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as delivery vesicles were explored. The objective of this study is to determine the stability and topical delivery of W. somnifera crude extracts encapsulated in niosomes and SLNs. Water, ethanol, and 50% ethanol crude extracts of W. somnifera were prepared using 24 h soxhlet extraction which were each encapsulated in niosomes and SLNs. Franz cell diffusion studies were conducted with the encapsulated extracts to determine the release and skin penetration of the phytomolecules, withaferin A, and withanolide A. The niosome and SLN formulations had average sizes ranging from 165.9 ± 9.4 to 304...

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Research paper thumbnail of The Application of Lean Six Sigma Within the Devops Cycles

33rd Annual Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering Conference (SAIIE33)

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Perspectives in Percutaneous Penetration

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2010

The concept that the time to onset of erythema after the application of the rubefacient and urtic... more The concept that the time to onset of erythema after the application of the rubefacient and urticant substance methyl nicotinate (MN) indicates skin barrier competence was introduced 30 years ago. MN produces a dose-dependent erythema on topical application to intact skin, the nature of which is known to be fast moving (in the order of minutes) and variable. Using tissue viability imaging (TiVi) the time course and degree of the reaction can be conveniently followed and analysed. Inter-individual variability can be quite marked but intra-individual variability is less pronounced. At the upper end of provocation (higher doses, more sensitive individuals) urtication can occur, which decreases blood flow by increasing pressure on and thus emptying capillaries. The TiVi system can quantitate urtication and inherent (blanched) skin colour. The utility of MN application in the study of individual barrier function and microvascular reactivity is increased by the use of the TiVi system for collection and analysis of data.

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Research paper thumbnail of The influence of lipid composition and lamellarity of liposomes on the physical stability of liposomes upon storage

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 1996

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Research paper thumbnail of The influence of in vivo treatment of skin with liposomes on the topical absorption of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic drug in vitro

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 1994

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Research paper thumbnail of 1 Skin : Target or defense

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Research paper thumbnail of A novel HPLC method developed and validated for the detection and quantification of atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin and pravastatin during transdermal delivery studies

Die Pharmazie, 2020

An HPLC method was developed and validated to quantify and identify several statins (atorvastatin... more An HPLC method was developed and validated to quantify and identify several statins (atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin and pravastatin) that were used during transdermal drug delivery. The method proved to be most effective with a Restek Ultra C18, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm column, a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, UV detection at 240 nm and injection volume of 10 μl. The mobile phase used was acetonitrile/Milli-Q® water with 0.1% orthophosphoric acid starting with 30% acetonitrile, which increased linearly to 70% (after 4 min) for up to 10 min and then re-equilibrated to start conditions. This HPLC method indicated linearity (correlation coefficient (R²) of 1) within the concentration range of 0.05-200.00 μg/ml and had an average recovery of 98-103%. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) showed that statins could still be identified at concentrations of 0.004-0.006 μg/ml with the exception of atorvastatin (quantifiable at 0.013-0.035 μg/ml). Specificity performed durin...

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Research paper thumbnail of Development and validation of the simultaneous determination of artemisone, clofazimine and decoquinate with HPLC

Die Pharmazie, 2018

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel HPLC method for the simultaneous analys... more The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel HPLC method for the simultaneous analysis of artemisone, clofazimine and decoquinate. Detection was obtained at two wavelengths; 284 nm (clofazimine) and 210 nm (artemisone and decoquinate). Gradient elution was used with mobile phase A (A) consisting of 0.005 M sodium octanesulphonic-acid (pH 3.5) and mobile phase B (B) of HPLC grade acetonitrile. The flow rate was set to 1.0 ml/min with (A) at 35% and (B) at 65% for 2 min, followed by a gradient shift of 10/90% ((A)/(B)) over a duration of 4 min. After 10 min, the initial gradient conditions were readjusted to 35/65% ((A)/(B)). Distinctive peaks were identified for clofazimine, artemisone and decoquinate, respectively. The proposed HPLC assay method was validated and found to be reliable, reproducible and accurate for simultaneous analysis of the three compounds.

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Research paper thumbnail of Exploratory data analysis of the dependencies between skin permeability, molecular weight and log P

Die Pharmazie, 2016

Molecular weight and log P remain the most frequently used physicochemical properties in models t... more Molecular weight and log P remain the most frequently used physicochemical properties in models that predict skin permeability. However, several reports over the past two decades have suggested that predictions made by these models may not be sufficiently accurate. In this study, exploratory data analysis of the probabilistic dependencies between molecular weight, log P and log Kp was performed on a dataset constructed from the combination of several popular datasets. The results suggest that, in general, molecular weight and log P are poorly correlated to log Kp. However, after employing several exploratory data analysis techniques, regions within the dataset of statistically significant dependence were identified. As an example of the applicability of the information extracted from the exploratory data analyses, a multiple linear regression model was constructed, bounded by the ranges of dependence. This model gave reasonable approximations to log Kp values obtained from skin perm...

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Research paper thumbnail of In vitro skin permeation enhancement potential of the gel a nd whole leaf materials of A . vera , A . marlothii and A . ferox

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Determination of lovastatin, mevastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin with HPLC by means of gradient elution

Die Pharmazie, 2019

A novel HPLC method with UV detection was developed and validated in skin penetration (in vitro) ... more A novel HPLC method with UV detection was developed and validated in skin penetration (in vitro) studies to identify and quantify lovastatin, mevastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin. A Venusil XBP C18 (2), 150 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm column (Agela Technologies, Newark, DE) was used with gradient elution (start at 45 % acetonitrile and increase linearly to 90 % after 1 min; hold at 90 % until 6 min and then re-equilibrate at start conditions) and the mobile phase consisted of (A) Milli-Q ® water and 0.1% orthophosphoric acid, and (B) HPLC grade acetonitrile. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min, 240 nm UV detection and an injection volume of 10 μl. Linearity was obtained over a range of 0.50-200.00 μg/ml and correlation coefficients ranging from 0.998-1.000 were obtained. Average recovery ranged from 95.9-100.6 %. The LOD and LOQ values obtained from the slope of a calibration curve and the standard deviation of the response ranged from 0.0138-0.0860 μg/ml and 0.0419-0.2615 μg/ml, respectively,...

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Research paper thumbnail of A Novel RP-HPLC Method for the Detection and Quantification of Clarithromycin or Spiramycin in Bulk Drug Samples and Dosage Forms

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro wound healing and cytotoxic activity of the gel and whole-leaf materials from selected aloe species

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017

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Research paper thumbnail of In vitro skin permeation of sinigrin from its phytosome complex

The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, Jan 2, 2016

Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Recently, sinigri... more Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Recently, sinigrin and its phytosome formulations have been investigated for its wound-healing actions, by our research group. The aim of this study was to demonstrate sinigrin drug release from its phytosome complex and also to determine whether the phytosome complex enhances the delivery of sinigrin into the skin when compared to free sinigrin. In vitro Franz cell diffusion studies were performed on human abdominal skin. The morphology of the phytosome complex was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The in vitro drug release was determined using dialysis sacks. The in vitro drug release indicated a controlled and sustained release of sinigrin from the phytosome complex. Tape stripping results showed that the sinigrin-phytosome complex (0.5155 μg/ml) statistically significantly enhanced the delivery of sinigrin into the stratum corneum-epidermis when compared to the free sinigrin (0.0730 μg/ml...

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Research paper thumbnail of Treatment Modalities for Acne

Molecules, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Physical stability and clinical efficacy of Crocodylus niloticus oil lotion

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2016

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Emulsifiers and Emulsion Formulation Types on Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery

Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement, 2015

Emulsions are widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields for the topical administratio... more Emulsions are widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields for the topical administration of hydrophilic and lipophilic active ingredients. There exist different types of emulsions, e.g. water-in-oil, oil-in-water, water-in-oil-in-water and oil-in-water-in-oil. Furthermore, emulsions are thermodynamically unstable and necessitate an emulsifier for the formation and stabilisation. Both, the type of emulsion and emulsifier could affect dermal and transdermal delivery, which has been reviewed in this chapter. Due to the complexity of topical emulsions and consequently the difficulty to investigate the exclusive effect of emulsifiers and emulsion type on skin absorption, as other emulsion ingredients may also contribute to interactions with the active ingredient and the skin, this chapter aimed at focusing mainly on studies with a systematic approach. For example, studies were included that investigated emulsions with the same composition and only differed in the emulsifier component or emulsion type. The review demonstrated that the type of emulsion significantly affected the dermal and transdermal delivery. In general, skin penetration of hydrophilic active ingredients was enhanced when the active was incorporated into the continuous phase of the emulsion. Furthermore, multiple o/w/o emulsions, in comparison to simple w/o emulsions, reduced the transdermal delivery of lipophilic active ingredients, whereas the dermal delivery was increased. Therefore, multiple emulsions could be useful for prolonged topical delivery. It was also demonstrated that the effect of the emulsifiers on dermal and transdermal delivery could vary, depending on the structure and physicochemical properties of the emulsifier/emulsifier system, such as the hydrophilic chain length, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value, emulsifier charge or solid particles vs. surfactant.

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Research paper thumbnail of Cutaneous tuberculosis overview and current treatment regimens

Tuberculosis, 2015

Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases known to humankind and it is currently a worldwide thr... more Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases known to humankind and it is currently a worldwide threat with 8-9 million new active disease being reported every year. Among patients with co-infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis is ultimately responsible for the most deaths. Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is uncommon, comprising 1-1.5% of all extra-pulmonary tuberculosis manifestations, which manifests only in 8.4-13.7% of all tuberculosis cases. A more accurate classification of CTB includes inoculation tuberculosis, tuberculosis from an endogenous source and haematogenous tuberculosis. There is furthermore a definite distinction between true CTB caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and CTB caused by atypical mycobacterium species. The lesions caused by mycobacterium species vary from small papules (e.g. primary inoculation tuberculosis) and warty lesions (e.g. tuberculosis verrucosa cutis) to massive ulcers (e.g. Buruli ulcer) and plaques (e.g. lupus vulgaris) that can be highly deformative. Treatment options for CTB are currently limited to conventional oral therapy and occasional surgical intervention in cases that require it. True CTB is treated with a combination of rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, isoniazid and streptomycin that is tailored to individual needs. Atypical mycobacterium infections are mostly resistant to anti-tuberculous drugs and only respond to certain antibiotics. As in the case of pulmonary TB, various and relatively wide-ranging treatment regimens are available, although patient compliance is poor. The development of multi-drug and extremely drug-resistant strains has also threatened treatment outcomes. To date, no topical therapy for CTB has been identified and although conventional therapy has mostly shown positive results, there is a lack of other treatment regimens.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Bioactive Albumin-Based Carriers for Tumour Chemotherapy

Current Cancer Drug Targets, 2014

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Development and characterization of nano-emulsions and nano-emulgels for transdermal delivery of statins

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2021

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Topical Delivery of Withania somnifera Crude Extracts in Niosomes and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

Pharmacognosy magazine, 2017

Withania somnifera is a medicinal plant native to India and is known to have anticancer propertie... more Withania somnifera is a medicinal plant native to India and is known to have anticancer properties. It has been investigated for its anti-melanoma properties, and since melanoma presents on the skin, it is prudent to probe the use of W. somnifera in topical formulations. To enhance topical drug delivery and to allow for controlled release, the use of niosomes and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as delivery vesicles were explored. The objective of this study is to determine the stability and topical delivery of W. somnifera crude extracts encapsulated in niosomes and SLNs. Water, ethanol, and 50% ethanol crude extracts of W. somnifera were prepared using 24 h soxhlet extraction which were each encapsulated in niosomes and SLNs. Franz cell diffusion studies were conducted with the encapsulated extracts to determine the release and skin penetration of the phytomolecules, withaferin A, and withanolide A. The niosome and SLN formulations had average sizes ranging from 165.9 ± 9.4 to 304...

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