Cesar A Galvez | Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies (original) (raw)
Papers by Cesar A Galvez
Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a bas... more Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a basis for health and disease dynamics, are receiving support from science. Biblical anthropology teaches that a human being is a whole person, with physical, mental, social, ecological and spiritual dimensions. The body is not the opposite of the soul, it is its visible expression. One dimension affects the other dimensions, because a human being is a unit. Scientific studies show many connections between mind and body, such as aerobic exercise and memory, the effect of one body system on another, and even spirituality and disease. Health and disease are the result of obedience or disobedience to God's laws. Research in the area of behavioral epidemiology shows links between lifestyle and diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Biblical perspectives provide a useful theoretical framework for public health practice and research. Science and faith have traditionally been in disagreemen...
The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributin... more The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributing factors for chronic diseases complications are unhealthy behaviors; so, health behavior change has become imperative in the world today. There are several models and theories for health behavior change. They are, however, far from public reach because they are not easy for people to understand and apply in their daily lives. The seven-step model (7SM) is the result of integrating key constructs from different theories and models and putting them in a way that the public may understand and apply. The model has seven steps that individuals, families, and small groups can use to change behavior, and three more tools for maintenance. An exploratory study done in the Philippines and Peru with graduate students from 30 different countries shows the potential of the 7SM in changing different unhealthy behaviors and installing new healthy behaviors.
The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes... more The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes not only spiritual redemption but also physical and mental restoration of humankind through a healthy lifestyle. It appears that the dissemination of the Adventist Health Message (AHM) has so far been perceived as emphasizing only certain aspects, overlooking important others, and depending only on spreading knowledge while lacking contextualization to different realities. This article presents a wholeness framework to the AHM promotion by pointing to the AHM foundation, purposes, ample coverture, and ultimate goal, while also identifying both inadequate and effective methods to promote it, and the need to consider the local situation and resources of people who receive the health message.
Journal of Religion and Health
This cross-sectional study examined the influence of knowledge and attitude on lifestyle practice... more This cross-sectional study examined the influence of knowledge and attitude on lifestyle practices (KAP) of the five dimensions of the Adventist Health Message (AHM5D). A sample of 1442 respondents was drawn from seven Seventh-day Adventist Churches in Metro Manila, Philippines. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that the social dimension of knowledge and the physical, spiritual, and social dimensions of attitude, significantly influenced the practices of AHM5D (β = − .056, p = .037; β = .236, p
![Research paper thumbnail of [Effective educational program for the training of community agents of health volunteers in Lima]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69219374/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Global Health Promotion, Jun 1, 2010
Resumen: Con el propósito de forenar los primeros agentes comunitarios de salud (ACES) del Centro... more Resumen: Con el propósito de forenar los primeros agentes comunitarios de salud (ACES) del Centro Poblado Virgen del Carmen La Era, Lima, Perú, se realizó un programa de entrenamiento educacional en las áreas de prevención de enfermedades diarreicas agudas (EDAS) infantiles, sexualidad saludable para adolescentes y autocuidado de la salud del adulto mayor. Un grupo de 32 ciudadanos fueron seleccionados por el Ministerio de Salud y la directiva del poblado en el 2006, y capacitados por un
American Fitness, Sep 1, 1998
Objective: To determine the influence of knowledge on protective attitudes and practices against ... more Objective: To determine the influence of knowledge on protective attitudes and practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS in Peruvian students from exclusively private schools from the three regions of the country. Methodology: Following a correlational-comparative design, a sample of 849 Peruvian students from 52 private high schools was selected using cluster, stratified, and systematic sampling. Data was collected from adolescents and parents who signed informed consents, and was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlations. Results: Results indicate that the level of knowledge influences attitudes but not protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS (r =.218, pConclusions: Private school students’ knowledge about HIV/AIDS shows a highly significant influence (pKeywords: HIV/AIDS; protective attitudes & practices; private high schools.
The 6 th of the 8 United Nations Millennium Development Goals is to combat HIV/AIDS, which affect... more The 6 th of the 8 United Nations Millennium Development Goals is to combat HIV/AIDS, which affects the fulfillment of 4 other goals. Combating HIV/AIDS depends on effective sex education and the care of AIDS patients across countries, cultures, and all kinds of boundaries. Is religion a protective factor against HIV/AIDS, or is it a barrier? Literature is divided on this issue. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of religiosity on attitudes and protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS in 849 Peruvian students from 52 private schools in the 3 cities: Lima, Cuzco and Iquitos. Results showed that the level of religiosity and attitudes are not significantly related, but religion did encourage protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS (r = .059, p > .05, r = -.156 p < 0.01). This establishes a low relationship between religiosity and protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS. Attitudes were also found to have a highly significant correl...
Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a bas... more Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a basis for health and disease dynamics, are receiving support from science. Biblical anthropology teaches that a human being is a whole person, with physical, mental, social, ecological and spiritual dimensions. The body is not the opposite of the soul, it is its visible expression. One dimension affects the other dimensions, because a human being is a unit. Scientific studies show many connections between mind and body, such as aerobic exercise and memory, the effect of one body system on another, and even spirituality and disease. Health and disease are the result of obedience or disobedience to God's laws. Research in the area of behavioral epidemiology shows links between lifestyle and diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Biblical perspectives provide a useful theoretical framework for public health practice and research. Science and faith have traditionally been in disagreement, and they often appear not reconcilable with each other. Although both are ways to acquire knowledge and find truth, they are different in their assumptions and their methodology. However, they are beginning to come together in the field of health. The impact of religion on health has begun to be explored. How is it possible that a religious book such the Bible, the foundation for the Christian religion, written between 1500 BC and 100 AD, can have relevance for the twenty-first century, in a science-based, contemporary world? The objective of this paper is to show how biblical perspectives on health and disease dynamics are receiving support from the scientific field. Biblical perspectives about health corroborated by science would not only confirm Christian faith, but also could be a valuable and current source for health promotion, and could provide a theoretical framework for research, and for integrating health and faith.
The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributin... more The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributing factors for chronic diseases complications are unhealthy behaviors; so, health behavior change has become imperative in the world today. There are several models and theories for health behavior change. They are, however, far from public reach because they are not easy for people to understand and apply in their daily lives. The seven-step model (7SM) is the result of integrating key constructs from different theories and models and putting them in a way that the public may understand and apply. The model has seven steps that individuals, families, and small groups can use to change behavior, and three more tools for maintenance. An exploratory study done in the Philippines and Peru with graduate students from 30 different countries shows the potential of the 7SM in changing different unhealthy behaviors and installing new healthy behaviors.
The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes... more The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes not only spiritual redemption but also physical and mental restoration of humankind through a healthy lifestyle. It appears that the dissemination of the Adventist Health Message (AHM) has so far been perceived as emphasizing only certain aspects, overlooking important others, and depending only on spreading knowledge while lacking contextualization to different realities. This article presents a wholeness framework to the AHM promotion by pointing to the AHM foundation, purposes, ample coverture, and ultimate goal, while also identifying both inadequate and effective methods to promote it, and the need to consider the local situation and resources of people who receive the health message.
Global Health …, Jan 1, 2010
… de Salud Pública, Jan 1, 2002
Objective. To assess Peruvian mothers’ knowledge and recognition of pneumonia in chil- dren unde... more Objective. To assess Peruvian mothers’ knowledge and recognition of pneumonia in chil-
dren under 5 years of age, the mothers’ attitude toward seeking medical help if they had a child
with signs of pneumonia, and their perception of a Government of Peru pneumonia campaign.
Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 501 mothers were selected randomly from 20 low-
income communities of the metropolitan area of Lima, Peru, and were interviewed between
June and August 2000. Using SPSS software, descriptive statistics were applied to summa-
rize the demographic data and the data regarding the mothers’ knowledge of pneumonia and
recognition of signs of the disease. Cross-tabulations and chi-squares were done to assess rela-
tionships between variables and to make comparisons.
Results. About 84% of the mothers said that they knew what pneumonia is. Most believed
that pneumonia is dangerous. A majority (58.7%) indicated that pneumonia is caused by lack
of parental care. Only 28.9% believed that a virus causes the disease. More than 80% correctly
picked rapid breathing and/or chest retraction from a list of possible signs and symptoms of
pneumonia, and 94.6% said they were ready to take their child to the closest health center if
they thought their child had pneumonia. Although 57.1% said they had heard about the Gov-
ernment of Peru pneumonia campaign, 69.3% of these mothers said they could not recall the
motto of the campaign. Mothers who reported having heard of the campaign through TV were
more likely than other mothers to correctly recognize the two major signs of pneumonia pre-
sented in the campaign.
Conclusions. Although the percentage of mothers believing they can recognize pneumonia
through rapid breathing and chest retraction seems to have increased in recent years, there is
still a sizable percentage of mothers who remain uninformed about pneumonia and its possi-
ble fatal consequences. Efforts need to continue to educate Peruvian mothers about the causes,
recognition of the signs, and treatment of pneumonia. The results suggest that the Govern-
ment of Peru pneumonia campaign should use television much more, as well as the health cen-
ters, where most of the mothers receive medical attention and health information.
… Quarterly of Community …, Jan 1, 2001
The Theory of Planned Behavior was used to assess predictors of Peruvian mothers seeking medical ... more The Theory of Planned Behavior was used to assess predictors of Peruvian mothers seeking medical help when they believed their child had signs of pneumonia. Open-ended interviews to identify beliefs were followed by a questionnaire administered to 500 mothers from low-income settlements in Lima in June and July 2000. Subjective norm (what important referents want) was the best predictor of intention, followed by mothers' feelings about how easy it would be to take the child to the clinic. Attitude toward taking the child to a clinic was not a significant predictor of intention. This study indicates a stronger role for subjective norm than attitudes and perceived control in similar studies done with this model in other settings. It, of course, only predicts intention to act and not behavior, important here given social-economic barriers, e.g., cost, to access to care among this study group.
Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a bas... more Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a basis for health and disease dynamics, are receiving support from science. Biblical anthropology teaches that a human being is a whole person, with physical, mental, social, ecological and spiritual dimensions. The body is not the opposite of the soul, it is its visible expression. One dimension affects the other dimensions, because a human being is a unit. Scientific studies show many connections between mind and body, such as aerobic exercise and memory, the effect of one body system on another, and even spirituality and disease. Health and disease are the result of obedience or disobedience to God's laws. Research in the area of behavioral epidemiology shows links between lifestyle and diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Biblical perspectives provide a useful theoretical framework for public health practice and research. Science and faith have traditionally been in disagreemen...
The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributin... more The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributing factors for chronic diseases complications are unhealthy behaviors; so, health behavior change has become imperative in the world today. There are several models and theories for health behavior change. They are, however, far from public reach because they are not easy for people to understand and apply in their daily lives. The seven-step model (7SM) is the result of integrating key constructs from different theories and models and putting them in a way that the public may understand and apply. The model has seven steps that individuals, families, and small groups can use to change behavior, and three more tools for maintenance. An exploratory study done in the Philippines and Peru with graduate students from 30 different countries shows the potential of the 7SM in changing different unhealthy behaviors and installing new healthy behaviors.
The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes... more The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes not only spiritual redemption but also physical and mental restoration of humankind through a healthy lifestyle. It appears that the dissemination of the Adventist Health Message (AHM) has so far been perceived as emphasizing only certain aspects, overlooking important others, and depending only on spreading knowledge while lacking contextualization to different realities. This article presents a wholeness framework to the AHM promotion by pointing to the AHM foundation, purposes, ample coverture, and ultimate goal, while also identifying both inadequate and effective methods to promote it, and the need to consider the local situation and resources of people who receive the health message.
Journal of Religion and Health
This cross-sectional study examined the influence of knowledge and attitude on lifestyle practice... more This cross-sectional study examined the influence of knowledge and attitude on lifestyle practices (KAP) of the five dimensions of the Adventist Health Message (AHM5D). A sample of 1442 respondents was drawn from seven Seventh-day Adventist Churches in Metro Manila, Philippines. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that the social dimension of knowledge and the physical, spiritual, and social dimensions of attitude, significantly influenced the practices of AHM5D (β = − .056, p = .037; β = .236, p
Global Health Promotion, Jun 1, 2010
Resumen: Con el propósito de forenar los primeros agentes comunitarios de salud (ACES) del Centro... more Resumen: Con el propósito de forenar los primeros agentes comunitarios de salud (ACES) del Centro Poblado Virgen del Carmen La Era, Lima, Perú, se realizó un programa de entrenamiento educacional en las áreas de prevención de enfermedades diarreicas agudas (EDAS) infantiles, sexualidad saludable para adolescentes y autocuidado de la salud del adulto mayor. Un grupo de 32 ciudadanos fueron seleccionados por el Ministerio de Salud y la directiva del poblado en el 2006, y capacitados por un
American Fitness, Sep 1, 1998
Objective: To determine the influence of knowledge on protective attitudes and practices against ... more Objective: To determine the influence of knowledge on protective attitudes and practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS in Peruvian students from exclusively private schools from the three regions of the country. Methodology: Following a correlational-comparative design, a sample of 849 Peruvian students from 52 private high schools was selected using cluster, stratified, and systematic sampling. Data was collected from adolescents and parents who signed informed consents, and was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlations. Results: Results indicate that the level of knowledge influences attitudes but not protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS (r =.218, pConclusions: Private school students’ knowledge about HIV/AIDS shows a highly significant influence (pKeywords: HIV/AIDS; protective attitudes & practices; private high schools.
The 6 th of the 8 United Nations Millennium Development Goals is to combat HIV/AIDS, which affect... more The 6 th of the 8 United Nations Millennium Development Goals is to combat HIV/AIDS, which affects the fulfillment of 4 other goals. Combating HIV/AIDS depends on effective sex education and the care of AIDS patients across countries, cultures, and all kinds of boundaries. Is religion a protective factor against HIV/AIDS, or is it a barrier? Literature is divided on this issue. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of religiosity on attitudes and protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS in 849 Peruvian students from 52 private schools in the 3 cities: Lima, Cuzco and Iquitos. Results showed that the level of religiosity and attitudes are not significantly related, but religion did encourage protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS (r = .059, p > .05, r = -.156 p < 0.01). This establishes a low relationship between religiosity and protective practices against the risk of HIV/AIDS. Attitudes were also found to have a highly significant correl...
Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a bas... more Perspectives on health from the Bible such as biblical anthropology and the laws of God, as a basis for health and disease dynamics, are receiving support from science. Biblical anthropology teaches that a human being is a whole person, with physical, mental, social, ecological and spiritual dimensions. The body is not the opposite of the soul, it is its visible expression. One dimension affects the other dimensions, because a human being is a unit. Scientific studies show many connections between mind and body, such as aerobic exercise and memory, the effect of one body system on another, and even spirituality and disease. Health and disease are the result of obedience or disobedience to God's laws. Research in the area of behavioral epidemiology shows links between lifestyle and diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Biblical perspectives provide a useful theoretical framework for public health practice and research. Science and faith have traditionally been in disagreement, and they often appear not reconcilable with each other. Although both are ways to acquire knowledge and find truth, they are different in their assumptions and their methodology. However, they are beginning to come together in the field of health. The impact of religion on health has begun to be explored. How is it possible that a religious book such the Bible, the foundation for the Christian religion, written between 1500 BC and 100 AD, can have relevance for the twenty-first century, in a science-based, contemporary world? The objective of this paper is to show how biblical perspectives on health and disease dynamics are receiving support from the scientific field. Biblical perspectives about health corroborated by science would not only confirm Christian faith, but also could be a valuable and current source for health promotion, and could provide a theoretical framework for research, and for integrating health and faith.
The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributin... more The major causes of death in the world are heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The main contributing factors for chronic diseases complications are unhealthy behaviors; so, health behavior change has become imperative in the world today. There are several models and theories for health behavior change. They are, however, far from public reach because they are not easy for people to understand and apply in their daily lives. The seven-step model (7SM) is the result of integrating key constructs from different theories and models and putting them in a way that the public may understand and apply. The model has seven steps that individuals, families, and small groups can use to change behavior, and three more tools for maintenance. An exploratory study done in the Philippines and Peru with graduate students from 30 different countries shows the potential of the 7SM in changing different unhealthy behaviors and installing new healthy behaviors.
The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes... more The message of the Adventist Church about the Gospel of Jesus Christ and His soon return includes not only spiritual redemption but also physical and mental restoration of humankind through a healthy lifestyle. It appears that the dissemination of the Adventist Health Message (AHM) has so far been perceived as emphasizing only certain aspects, overlooking important others, and depending only on spreading knowledge while lacking contextualization to different realities. This article presents a wholeness framework to the AHM promotion by pointing to the AHM foundation, purposes, ample coverture, and ultimate goal, while also identifying both inadequate and effective methods to promote it, and the need to consider the local situation and resources of people who receive the health message.
Global Health …, Jan 1, 2010
… de Salud Pública, Jan 1, 2002
Objective. To assess Peruvian mothers’ knowledge and recognition of pneumonia in chil- dren unde... more Objective. To assess Peruvian mothers’ knowledge and recognition of pneumonia in chil-
dren under 5 years of age, the mothers’ attitude toward seeking medical help if they had a child
with signs of pneumonia, and their perception of a Government of Peru pneumonia campaign.
Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 501 mothers were selected randomly from 20 low-
income communities of the metropolitan area of Lima, Peru, and were interviewed between
June and August 2000. Using SPSS software, descriptive statistics were applied to summa-
rize the demographic data and the data regarding the mothers’ knowledge of pneumonia and
recognition of signs of the disease. Cross-tabulations and chi-squares were done to assess rela-
tionships between variables and to make comparisons.
Results. About 84% of the mothers said that they knew what pneumonia is. Most believed
that pneumonia is dangerous. A majority (58.7%) indicated that pneumonia is caused by lack
of parental care. Only 28.9% believed that a virus causes the disease. More than 80% correctly
picked rapid breathing and/or chest retraction from a list of possible signs and symptoms of
pneumonia, and 94.6% said they were ready to take their child to the closest health center if
they thought their child had pneumonia. Although 57.1% said they had heard about the Gov-
ernment of Peru pneumonia campaign, 69.3% of these mothers said they could not recall the
motto of the campaign. Mothers who reported having heard of the campaign through TV were
more likely than other mothers to correctly recognize the two major signs of pneumonia pre-
sented in the campaign.
Conclusions. Although the percentage of mothers believing they can recognize pneumonia
through rapid breathing and chest retraction seems to have increased in recent years, there is
still a sizable percentage of mothers who remain uninformed about pneumonia and its possi-
ble fatal consequences. Efforts need to continue to educate Peruvian mothers about the causes,
recognition of the signs, and treatment of pneumonia. The results suggest that the Govern-
ment of Peru pneumonia campaign should use television much more, as well as the health cen-
ters, where most of the mothers receive medical attention and health information.
… Quarterly of Community …, Jan 1, 2001
The Theory of Planned Behavior was used to assess predictors of Peruvian mothers seeking medical ... more The Theory of Planned Behavior was used to assess predictors of Peruvian mothers seeking medical help when they believed their child had signs of pneumonia. Open-ended interviews to identify beliefs were followed by a questionnaire administered to 500 mothers from low-income settlements in Lima in June and July 2000. Subjective norm (what important referents want) was the best predictor of intention, followed by mothers' feelings about how easy it would be to take the child to the clinic. Attitude toward taking the child to a clinic was not a significant predictor of intention. This study indicates a stronger role for subjective norm than attitudes and perceived control in similar studies done with this model in other settings. It, of course, only predicts intention to act and not behavior, important here given social-economic barriers, e.g., cost, to access to care among this study group.