Passwordless authentication | Microsoft Security (original) (raw)

Frequently asked questions

• Passwordless authentication is a way to sign in without using a password. Instead, users verify their identity using methods such as biometrics (face or fingerprint), a device-based approval, or a hardware security key. This can help reduce reliance on passwords, which are often targeted through phishing and credential theft.
• Common passwordless options include:
  • Passkeys (a modern sign-in method designed to be resistant to phishing)
  • Biometric sign-in on supported devices (face or fingerprint)
  • Device-based sign-in (for example, approving a sign-in on a trusted device)
  • Hardware security keys (useful for privileged roles or users who need an alternative to phones)
    Many organizations support more than one option so employees can choose what works best for their role and devices.
• Passwords can be stolen, guessed, reused, or captured through phishing. Passwordless methods reduce dependence on a shared secret (the password) and typically tie sign-in to a trusted device, biometric verification, or a hardware key. This makes it harder for attackers to sign in using only stolen credentials—especially in common phishing scenarios.
• Not necessarily. Many passwordless methods work with devices people already use, such as phones and modern laptops with built-in biometric capabilities. Some organizations choose to provide hardware security keys for certain users—such as administrators, high- risk roles, orenvironments where phones aren’t practical—but it’s not required for every user.
• A strong passwordless approach includes a plan for lost devices. Organizations typically address this by:
  • Allowing a backup sign-in method
  • Using secure identity recovery processes
  • Establishing clear steps for reporting lost devices and restoring access
    This helps maintain productivity while protecting accounts during recovery.
• Yes. Many organizations roll out passwordless in phases to minimize disruption. A practical approach is to start with:
  • A pilot group (such as IT or a small set of users)
  • Broader deployment by team or role
  • Organization-wide rollout with simple guidance and support resources
    Phased rollout also helps teams refine onboarding and recovery processes before scaling.
• Passwordless adoption is easiest when setup is simple and employees know what to expect.
  Helpful practices include:
  • Clear, short setup instructions and a quick “first sign-in” walkthrough
  • Guidance on what to do if users receive an unexpected sign-in prompt
  • A backup option for access so users feel confident switching
  • Simple internal help content for common questions and recovery steps
    Once users experience faster sign-ins and fewer password resets, adoption often increases naturally.