David L Rousseau | SUNY: University at Albany (original) (raw)

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Papers by David L Rousseau

The SAGE Handbook of Conflict Resolution, 2009

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

The Routledge Handbook of Security Studies, 2008

PS: Political Science & Politics, 2014

annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Minneapolis, MN, Mar 1, 1998

American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Aug 30, 2000

How does warfare influence the political development of a state? The Garrison State school of tho... more How does warfare influence the political development of a state? The Garrison State school of thought (Hintze 1906; argues that states which face a constant threat of invasion will develop autocratic institutions in order to ensure the security of the state. In contrast, the Resource Extraction school (Downing 1992), argues that state leaders are often compelled to extend economic or political rights in exchange for the mobilization of human and financial resources to meet the immediate threat. This papers uses cases studies of Imperial Russia (and the Soviet Union) and the Austrian Empire (and Dual Monarchy) to examine the relative strengths of these competing explanations. The paper describes the role of minority groups in the military, identifies the position of the minority groups in the political hierarchy, and traces the impact of warfare on minority groups.

has convincingly argued that warfare in Europe contributed to the development of the modern state... more has convincingly argued that warfare in Europe contributed to the development of the modern state. But just what form of strong state is likely to develop in the face of a persistent external threat? Hintze (1906) and propose the "garrison state" hypothesis: states facing a severe security threat are likely to develop autocratic institutions in order to minimize domestic opposition and maximize mobilization potential. A competing argument, which has been proposed by the "extraction" school of thought, argues that warfare can indirectly promote rather than inhibit the development of democratic institutions (Downing 1992). We examine these competing hypotheses by tracing the ebb and flow of political rights of majority males, females, and minority males using a cross-sectional time series of European states . We find that while wars lead to a reduction in rights in the short run, if large-scale mobilization occurs in response to the threat then political rights tend to expand in the long run.

Political Psychology, 2012

argue that the perception of threat in intergroup conflict is a function of power asymmetries bet... more argue that the perception of threat in intergroup conflict is a function of power asymmetries between groups. In contrast, social constructivists in international relations suggest that a shared sense of identity or similarity can reduce, and in some cases eliminate, perceptions of intergroup threat. Consequently, threat perception might be influenced by both the value similarities and the power asymmetries between the ingroup and the outgroup. In this article, we present an attempt to test empirically how individuals evaluate the similarity of cultural and political values compared with another nation (outgroup) and assess its implications for cooperation among states in the international system. The results of two experiments demonstrate that both power and perceived value similarity play an important role in threat perception among states and discuss implications for future research.

Journal of Peace Research, 2005

Page 1. 523 Introduction Classical liberals such as Immanuel Kant argued that expanding political... more Page 1. 523 Introduction Classical liberals such as Immanuel Kant argued that expanding political participation and increasing economic interdependence would promote peace among states. The first pillar of this claim has been strongly sup-...

Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2007

Realists in international relations and realistic conflict theorists in social psychology argue t... more Realists in international relations and realistic conflict theorists in social psychology argue that the perception of threat in intergroup conflict is a function of power asymmetries between groups. In contrast, social constructivists and social identity theorists argue that a shared sense of identity can reduce perceptions of intergroup threat. In this article, we test these competing arguments using three laboratory

Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2005

Liberal theorists and, more recently, constructivists have argued that a shared sense of identity... more Liberal theorists and, more recently, constructivists have argued that a shared sense of identity will decrease threat perception and increase international cooperation. But what processes lead to the emergence (or collapse) of a shared sense of identity? Drawing on individual-level experiments of identity change and societal-level theories of idea diffusion from the constructivist literature, the authors develop an agent-based computer simulation of identity change. Four findings emerge from the analysis: (1) there is a curvilinear relationship between the complexity of agents'views and the emergence of shared identity, (2) highly unstable environments encourage the emergence of a shared identity, (3) the presence of leaders (i.e., agents with greater influence in the population) in the neighborhood decreases shared identity, and (4) the interaction of complexity, stability, and leadership produces extremely polarized societies.

Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2002

Realists assume that individuals are obsessed with relative gains and that cooperation is the exc... more Realists assume that individuals are obsessed with relative gains and that cooperation is the exception rather than the norm in international relations. In contrast, liberal institutionalists assume that, in many situations, individuals are motivated by absolute gains. These critical assumptions are examined. Results show that the salience of relative gains varies with the beliefs of the individual, the nature of the opponent, and the context of the situation, and that individuals often employ alternative pure strategies (e.g., equity) or mixed strategies (e.g., relative gains in the domain of gains and absolute gains in the domain of losses). Decision strategies (e.g., relative gains, absolute gains, joint gains, equality, and altruism) are linked to the growing constructivist literature in international relations.

Defence and Peace Economics, 2013

Does democracy cause peace, or is democracy a consequence of peace? The burgeoning democratic pea... more Does democracy cause peace, or is democracy a consequence of peace? The burgeoning democratic peace literature has provided strong empirical evidence for the claim that democracies are a cause of peace. However, several skeptics of the democratic peace have suggested that the statistical findings are spurious. We test these competing claims using a simultaneous equation model. Using a unique data-set

The American Political Science Review, 1996

... Relative to other political systems, democratic decision makers must ... In the remainder of ... more ... Relative to other political systems, democratic decision makers must ... In the remainder of this section we present a series of propositions which reflect what we believe are the underlying assumptions of the theoretical writings on the democratic peace and specify how the ...

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