Abdalla Mohamedin | Agriculture Research Center, Egypt (original) (raw)

Papers by Abdalla Mohamedin

This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of leaching process with adding gypsum or ... more This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of leaching process with adding gypsum or compost and their combination on improving of poorly productive salt affected soil, the rice growth and nutrient uptake at El-Hamoul area which represent the salt affected soil in the northern part of the Nile Delta. The treatments were adding gypsum in rates of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 (Mg fed.) or compost in rates of 10 and 20 Mg fed. and combination of 2.5 gypsum with compost 10 Mg fed.. Rice was transplanted after the recommended soil preparation. Three successive leachate were done with the same volume of irrigation water. The discharged water through drain’s outlet and its electrical conductivity (ECd) were measured. Soil physical and chemical properties and plant analysis were done at harvesting. The results indicated that absolute differences in leachate volumes, due to leaching process, were relatively small for no amended soil and increased with gypsum application rates. The percolati...

Int. J. Agric. Biol, 2006

... Seed oil content was decreased after salt imposition (Table II), which is consistent with the... more ... Seed oil content was decreased after salt imposition (Table II), which is consistent with the findings of El-Khair et al. (2000) and Flagella et al. ... Egypt J. Appl. Sci., 19: 749–63 Oad, FC, A. Soomro, NL Oad, ZA Abro, MA Issani and AW Gandahi, 2001. ...

Int. J. Acad. Res, 2011

Page 1. 800 | www.ijar.lit.az INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. 3. No. 2. March, 20... more Page 1. 800 | www.ijar.lit.az INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. 3. No. 2. March, 2011, Part III AMENDMENT OF SOIL FERTILITY AND AUGMENTATION OF THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF SOYBEAN ...

Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 2006

Journal of American …, 2010

... 1976), Table 2. Water requirements for the crop: Water requirements for the crop determined a... more ... 1976), Table 2. Water requirements for the crop: Water requirements for the crop determined after Doorenbos and Pruit (1977) and ... requirements for 15 years old* trickle irrigated novel orange trees grown on a sandy soil at Wadi El-Mollak ... Doorenbos, J., and Pruitt, WO, (1977). ...

Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 2010

Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development

The main objective of this investigation was to study the effect of applied mixtures of shale com... more The main objective of this investigation was to study the effect of applied mixtures of shale combined with some organic composts of plants residues, i.e., broad bean straw, rice straw and corn stalks at the rate of 15 tons/fed by weight in different ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) and biofertilization with a mixture of Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megatherium var. phosphatecum and Bacillus circulans in addition to 75% of the recommended mineral N, P and K fertilizer doses, on some physical, biological and chemical properties of a tested sandy soil at the experimental Farm of Al-Arish Agriculture Res. Station, North Sinai, as well as the productions of corn plants during two successive seasons of 2008 and 2009, as compared to the control (full doses of the recommended N, P and K fertilizers) and uninoculated treatments. Application of different combination ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) for shale and organic composts supported with inoculation treatment, improved the physical and biological properties of the tested soil, i.e. clay and silt percentage, bulk density (B.D), hydraulic conductivity (H.C), total porosity (T.P), available water (A.W), total microbial count, densities of Azospirillum sp., Bacillus megatherium var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulans, N2-ase activity and dehydrogenase activity. Also, the chemical properties i.e., pH, ECe, O.M and available N, P and K in the cultivated soil were favored, except ECe as compared with the control due to applying all treatments of shale and such composts together after corn harvestings in both two seasons. The yields of corn plants as well as the contents of N, P and K in grains were markedly improved upon the application of these soil amendments and biofertilization. In general, the best treatment was a mixture of both shale and composted broad bean, particularly at ratio (1:2) in the presence of biofertilization with a mixture of Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megatherium and Bacillus circulans as well as 75% of the recommended mineral N, P and K fertilizer doses as compared with the other treatments

ABSTRACT In Egypt, northern part of the Nile Delta represents a large area of heavy clay soils wi... more ABSTRACT
In Egypt, northern part of the Nile Delta represents a large area of heavy clay soils with shallow open drainage which are low permeability that might have a low productivity. These soils are always threatened by a shallow saline groundwater. In the irrigated area, saline groundwater is a permanent source of soil salinization that causes poor productivity. A field experiment was conducted at North Nile Delta, Egypt (Islah-Motobus Region, Kafer El-
Shiek Governorate), to evaluate the effect of subsoiling and mole drains with open drainage on improving some soil properties and yields of rice and sugar beet crops as well as raising the efficiency of the open drainage system.
Results indicate that, subsurface tillage operations with open surface drainage lowered the water table level, after all growing seasons. The mean values of water table levels are
59.5, 59.5 and 62.3 cm with subsoiling, mole drain and subsoiling +mole, respectively while, it is 44.3 cm with the control (open drainage). Water table level is lower after sugar beet than after rice. Soil salinity and sodcity in the topsoil, were reduced after subsoiling and moling installation. The reductions of salinity, after three years from experiment installation were 86.71, 96.81 and 98.76% for subsoiling, moling and subsoiling +moling, respectively over the control. The corresponding values of ESP decreaces were 83.93, 83.20 and 119.40%, respectively. Ratio of Ca++/TSS in the topsoil (0-60cm) was increased in the treated soils.
Subsoiling and/or moling seemed to be more effective on reducing soil bulk density especially in the surface layer (0-30cm). Subsoiling and/or moling treatments were superior
in enhancing soil porosity. Basic infiltration rate (BIR) was increased with subsoiling and/or moling (from 0.9 to 1.66 cm/h) while, it was ranged from 0.39 to 0.59 cm/h with the control (open drainage). Data also cleared that, BIR after rice crop season was lower than that after sugar beet crop season. The saturation percent, field capacity and wilting point values are lower in the treated soils than untreated soils. Subsoiling and/or moling realized increases in quickly and slowly drainable pores (QDP and SDP) and higher decrease in fine capillary pores (FCP) than open
drains. Mean values of QDP, SDP and FCP% in the soil depth of 0-60cm, are 8.71, 12.93 and 32.35%, respectively with open drainage. The corresponding values are 10.66, 16.57 and
23.80%, respectively with subsoiling and 11.56, 16.35 and 23.52%, respectively with moling and 12.52, 18.84 and 20.87%, respectively with subsoiling+moling. Rice and sugar beet yields are related to the salinity contents in soil. The yields increased when the EC decreased as affected by subsoiling and/or moling. Rice and sugar beet yields
are higher under subsoiling and/or moling than with open drains in all growing seasons. Rice grain yield is higher under subsoiling tillage, moling and subsoiling +moling by 37.19, 38.43, and 34.30 %, respectively, than the control. The corresponding values of sugar beet yield are 5.31, 4.65 and 7.65 ton/fed., respectively.

Abstract: Field plot study was initiated to determine the effects of different soil types, i.e. d... more Abstract: Field plot study was initiated to determine the effects of different soil types, i.e. different salt affected
soil and soil water depth on growth of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) through the first 30 days. A field plots
experiment were conducted in senores El-Fayoum governorate, through 12 soil profile in Four plots represented
four different soil types i.e., Non saline, Saline, Saline Alkali and Alkaline soil with three different profile depth i.e. 110, 100 and 80 cm during the summer season of 2004-2005. The obtained results revealed that sunflower seeds of fedok cultivar could germinate under different salt affected soils. Salinity and/or alkalinity has both osmotic and specific ion effects as well as soil depth (water table depth) on plant growth. In present study, salt stress caused a significant decreases in the studied growth parameters as well as macro and micronutrients concentration. The negative effect of salinity and alkalinity on plant was due to osmotic potential
by salt in the soil solution which reduced cell water required from soil solution. Therefore, in plants, the uptake
of some nutrients dissolved in water were also restricted. Thus, growth and development of plants are inhibited
due to occurring defect in metabolism. Proline accumulation in response to different salt stresses was significantly increased in leaf tissues. High levels of Na+ inhibited the K+ concentration and as a result of this, it caused an increase in Na+/K+ ratio. This may be causes a disturbance in the ion balance in plant by an increase in the Na+ uptake, reflecting enhanced ion concentration in the leaves. In the light of the obtained results in this study, it could be said that the further studies by using new techniques should be carried out to reach more certain realistic results for its remediation the effect of salt stress in the soils.

ABSTRACT Completely randomized field experiments were conducted at El-Arish Agricultural Researc... more ABSTRACT
Completely randomized field experiments were conducted at El-Arish Agricultural Research Station, North Sinai, during the winter season of 2002/2003 and the summer one of 2003. The effect of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) combined with local bentonite in the ratio of 1:20 (w/w), was studied on soil chemical and hydro-physical characteristics and some morphological growth parameters as well as the yield production of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and corn (Zea maiza) grown under drip irrigation system and natural drainage conditions. Soil conditioner was applied in the rate of 0,1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 ton/fed.
Obtained results reveal that soil chemical properties i.e. EC, pH, soluble cations and anions as well as SAR values are directly affected by increasing conditioner application rate. Modification in soil textural class from sandy to sandy loam was existed with the increase in clay content. Bulk density, macro-pores and saturated hydraulic conductivity values were markedly decreased, while the values of total porosity, water holding capacity, field capacity and available moisture were progressively increased. The greatest improvement in these soil characteristics is pronounced under the highest rate of conditioner doses. Moreover, growth parameters of the two crops as well as their seed yields were beneficially increased with increasing the rate of applied conditioner. This reveals to the highly magnitude of combining synthesized and natural conditioners in a proper amount to improve El-Arish sandy soils properties and enhancing their productivity

ABSTRACT An attempt has been made in this field study to evaluate the quality of construction of ... more ABSTRACT
An attempt has been made in this field study to evaluate the quality of construction of concrete and plastic collectors implemented in sandy subsoils and to verify the validity of the design slope, design hydraulic gradient and design discharge of both collectors under the conditions of this area. The two collectors were constructed in an area situated in the north west of the Nile Delta, near Damanhour city, El Behaira Governorate. The actual collector slope and the accuracy of laying the collector (regularity of the longitudinal drain alignment along weighted average actual slope or position of pipe above or below the average longitudinal center line) for both collectors were evaluated . Moreover, the effect of collector alignment on overpressure that may occur in the collector system was also studied. In addition, the seasonal average collector discharges and drainage water salinity of both collectors were also measured.
The obtained results revealed that, the actual alignment of most sections of the concrete collector is always below the designed one. On the other hand, most sections of the plastic collector have an alignment which always higher than the designed one. It is found also that, all sections in both collectors, except two sections in the plastic collector, have been laid at a slope which either steep or flat. On the other hand, one section in the concrete collector and two sections in the plastic one have an inverse slope. Most sections of the plastic collector have steep slope, while most sections of the concrete collector have flat slope. The upstream parts of both collectors have steep slope. Generally, the overall actual slope is quite good for the concrete collector, whereas most of the sections of the plastic collector is steep.
The regularity of most sections of the concrete collector was classified as good. While many sections of the plastic collector have poor regularity. The overall regularity of both collectors was classified as moderate. Generally, the overall actual slope of the concrete collector is fair and its regularity along the average actual slope is moderate (ranges from moderate to good). For the plastic collector, the overall actual slope is steep and the regularity along the average actual slope is moderate (ranges from poor to good).
Concerning the overpressure occurred in both collectors, the results indicated that, the overpressure occurred during the summer season was higher than in winter season. During the summer season the water level in the main open drain is higher than in winter season.
The overpressure increases in the upstream direction, the most severe overpressures exist in the upstream parts of the collectors. In the concrete collector, the overpressure increases gradually, whereas in plastic collector, a jump was noticed between manhole No. 7 and manhole No. 9 . Field observations indicated that the overpressure in the concrete collector was mainly due to the high amounts of sediment entering the collector through gaps between the pipes, while in the plastic collector the overpressure can be attributed to local blockage of the pipe.
The overpressure due to implementation increases in the upstream direction for both collectors. This overpressure amounts to (0.13 – 0.18 m) for the upstream sections and amounts to (0 – 0.05 m) for the downstream sections of both collectors. The irregularities play a minor role in the overpressure, compared with the influence of sedimentation and blockage. Regarding the hydraulic gradient it is found that the concrete collector, section MH-1-3 has a hydraulic gradient which is smaller than the design slope. In the other sections, the hydraulic gradient is much steeper than the design slope, and between manhole No. 3 and 4, it is even three times steeper. Concerning the plastic collector, section MH4-7 has a hydraulic gradient which is smaller than the design slope. For the other sections the hydraulic gradient is much larger than the design slope.
As a general conclusion, the hydraulic performance of the concrete collector is more influenced by sediments than the performance of the plastic collector. The ineffective flushing indicates to a permanent cause rather than sediments causing the steep gradients.
It was found also that the discharge of both the concrete collector and the plastic one never exceeded the design discharge of 4.0 mm/day. On the other side the discharge of the plastic collector is much higher than that of the concrete one. The difference can be partly explained by a difference in cropping pattern. Concerning the salinity of the drainage water, the results indicated that, it ranges between 3.1 to 3.9 dS/m for the concrete collector whereas it ranges between 3.5 to 4.6 dS/m for the plastic collector.

Abstract The theme of this study was to detect the impact of some different industrial wastewater... more Abstract
The theme of this study was to detect the impact of some different industrial wastewater on maize plants and some soil physical and chemical properties. To achieve these objectives, one industrial area was selected at Mostorod, Kalubia governorate, Egypt, where wastewater is loaded with high amounts of fine suspended matter accumulated on the soil surface layer and negatively affected soil properties
according to chemical composition of suspended matter. The ceramic industrial wastewater loaded with clay minerals, mainly kaolinite, led to an increase in clay content. Plugging the conducting pores, increasing fine capillary pores, soil bulk density and penetration resistance. Subsequently, quickly drainable pores and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) were decreased. Regarding the heavy metal (Cd, Ni, Co, and Pb) contents uptake by maize plants decreased with
increase of the distance from pollution source. The roots had higher levels of heavy metal than shoots. The contents of heavy metal in both (shoots and roots) remained higher than the toxic levels, and consequently negatively affected food chain as well as human and animal health.

Subsurface tile drains were installed at a farm of 15 feddan, situated at Senores district, El-Fa... more Subsurface tile drains were installed at a farm of 15 feddan, situated at Senores district, El-Fayoum depression. This area had gone out of cultivation due to the problems of waterlogging and salinity. This work was conducted to study the feasibility of installing tile drainage at farm level and using gypsum and deep ploughing to improve soil properties and productivity. The drainage pipes were laid at a depth of 1.25m from ground surface and 35m between drain spaces. The experiment was laid in a completely randomized design with four replicates; the plots were treated with four treatments as follows: plots without treatments (T1), applying a full gypsum requirement for the upper 15 cm soil (T2), deep ploughing up to 50 cm depth (T3) and gypsum applications combined with deep ploughing (T4). On the other hand, time as a limit factor in soil reclamation was taken into account, where all the studied measurement were periodically determined at zero time (initial) 3, 6, 9 and 12 month of the experimental start time.
The application of full gypsum requirements and deep ploughing process as a secondary tool plays an important role in accelerating the improvement rates in soil hydro-physical and chemical characteristics.
The highest average values of water table draw down and drainage intensity factors "a" were observed under gypsum combined with deep ploughing (T4). Benefits claimed include increased infiltration rate, enhanced quickly drainable pores and decreased soil bulk density. Chemically, soil salinity and alkalinity values were reduced below the save limits (ECe less than 4 dS/m and ESP less than 15).
The beneficial effect of the primarily and secondly drainage treatments is remarkable and is reflected in soil productivity. The maximum yield of corn and wheat were produced under the combination of the gypsum application and deep ploughing. These studies show the feasibility of tile drainage associated by gypsum and deep ploughing effectiveness to maximize crop productivity at El-Fayoum problematic soils.

Abstract A two successive years (2008- 2009) completely randomized field experiment with four rep... more Abstract A two successive years (2008- 2009) completely randomized field experiment with four replications on
15 years old Washington novel orange trees was conducted in a drip irrigated newly reclaimed sandy area at Wadi
El- Mollak, Ismailia governorate. Field emission uniformity (Eu) and absolute field emission uniformity (Eua) were
determined for the area under study to be 85.6% for Eu and 86.8% for Eua. The irrigation system at the studied area
could be considered as good. Although the uniformity of irrigation at the area under sandy has exceeded 85%, great
differences were estimated between the discharge of the drippers that adversely affected the uniformity of growth,
nutrients uptake, yield and both water and fertilizers use efficiency by the trees. With this respect, differences among
the annual amounts of irrigation water received by the trees and consequently fertilizers dissolved in it have reached
43.1%. accordingly, significant variations were calculated to be 27.8% for leaf area, 26.7% for the dry weight of the
leaves and 40.6% for obtained yield. Content of nutrients in the leaves of trees that received the maximum amount
of irrigation water were higher than those of trees that received the minimum amounts by 18.3, 22.0, 25.8, 18.4 and
30.4% for N, P, K, Ca and Mg, respectively. Consequently, relative uptake of these nutrient took the same trend.
Positive differences in this parameter were 45.3, 49.0, 51.8, 46.6 and 56.4% for the aforementioned nutrients,
respectively. Values of water and fertilizers use efficiency by the trees were also greatly affected by the uniformity
of irrigation. Higher amounts of irrigation water and applied fertilizers adversely affected both parameters.
Improving the uniformity of emission of the trickle irrigation system to be more than 90% will lead to uniform
fertigation. Uniform production (quantity and quality of fruits for each tree) is expected.

ABSTRACT A sodicity phenomenon (rich in exchangeable sodium) is likely a more important problem t... more ABSTRACT
A sodicity phenomenon (rich in exchangeable sodium) is likely a
more important problem to mange the areas prolonged to the north coast of Nile Delta, Egypt. However, a field experiment was conducted at El-Riad province close to El-Burouls Lake, Kafr El-Shiekh Governorate. The main target of this work is to evaluate the effect of soil amendments viz. gypsum at application rate of 50% of gypsum requirements (GR=10.4
t/fed), sugar lime (equivalent to GR), farmyard manure (FYM) at a rate of 20 m3/fed.), gypsum+FYM, FYM+sugar lime and a control with saline (ECiw 4 dS/m) or non-saline (0.82 dS/m) irrigation water on some soil properties and yields of rice and wheat in a highly sodic soil (pH >8.5 and ESP 43%).
Application of amendments increased the yield of both crops
significantly irrespective of the quality of irrigation water used. The effectiveness of the soil amendments on soil and crop improvement could be arranged in the descending order: gypsum+FYM > sugar lime+FYM > gypsum > sugar lime > FYM > control. The reused of drainage water (saline water) resulted in significantly higher yield of both crops as compared to non-saline water. A decrease in soil pH and exchangeable
sodium percentage (ESP) and increase in Ca+Mg and infiltration rate values were pronounced after rice than wheat crop in rotation, particularly, when non-saline water was used.
This research reveals to the highly magnitude of reused drainage water as a resource to meet crop water demands applied for supplemental irrigation as well as to accelerate the improvement process in a highly sodic soil and rising its productivity.

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of leaching process with adding g... more ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of leaching process with adding gypsum or compost and their combination on improving of poorly productive salt affected soil, the rice growth and nutrient uptake at El-Hamoul area which represent the salt affected soil in the northern part of the Nile Delta. The treatments were adding gypsum in rates of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 (Mg fed.-1) or compost in rates of 10 and 20
Mg fed.-1 and combination of 2.5 gypsum with compost 10 Mg fed.-1. Rice was transplanted after the recommended soil preparation. Three successive leachate were done with the same volume of irrigation water. The discharged water through drain’s outlet and its electrical conductivity (ECd) were measured. Soil physical and chemical properties and plant analysis were done at harvesting. The results indicated that absolute differences in leachate volumes, due to leaching process, were relatively small for no amended soil and increased with gypsum application rates. The percolation of water through the gypsum treated soil profile was much faster than the control indicating that gypsum was the main factor to percolate process. Compost combined with gypsum treatment was more effective than compost alone. Salinity of the drained water (ECd ) values had sharply decreased until the third leaching, then a slight decrease was recorded with gypsum treatments. However, with compost treatments, the ECd values had the same trend, but the sharp decrease was retarded until the 4th leaching. The mean value of ECd in leachate was
reduced from 32.50 to 5.17 dSm-1. This decrease was a function of the number of leachings of the soil. Consequently, leaching the soil treated with gypsum was more effective in removing the soluble salts. Leaching with adding compost reduced ESP at the end of leaching than the control. Increasing gypsum rates decreased ESP. Moreover, leaching with gypsum and compost decreased ESP value to 11.64. The results revealed that rice shoot dry weight was increased from 1890 to 2940 kg/fed. as gypsum rates increased from zero to 10 Mg fed-1. The corresponding value for compost increased from 2541 to 3801 kg/fed. at 10 and 20 Mg fed.-1, respectively. The combined effect of compost and gypsum treatment was
greater than the individual one (4208 kg/fed.). Nitrogen and phosphorus content in rice dry matter was increased with compost application while they were not significantly affected by gypsum application rates. In addition, K content was not significantly affected by either gypsum or compost applications. The Na content was lower, however Ca and Mg content was higher in rice plants grown in gypsum treatments compared with compost ones. Thus, it can be said that leaching the salt affected soil with gypsum combined with compost was entirely safe. This treatment is more profitable than the leaching with water only (control).

Int. J. Agric. Biol, 2006

Int. J. Acad. Res, 2011

Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 2006

Journal of American …, 2010

Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 2010

Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development