Eman El-Abd | Alexandria University (original) (raw)

Papers by Eman El-Abd

Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University, Dec 1, 2022

Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single pos... more Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single post-irradiation ectoine dose showed protective effects by modulating both inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. The effect of ectoine has never been tested on mice cardiac tissue, thus the current study aimed to explore the pre-irradiation effect(s) of ectoine on radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty female Swiss albino mice (17.6-23.1 g); controls (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline), ectoine groups injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), irradiated groups (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline then received six Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose), ectoine irradiated groups (injected with ectoine for ten days then irradiated). Animals were sacrificed on days seven, and 14 (five animals each). Hearts were examined for histological changes and immune-stained for Bax. Ectoine concentration in hearts was measured by HPLC. Serum cardiac troponin T, Total antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis-inducing factor were evaluated by mice with ready-to-use ELISA kits. Heart histological changes were documented in 40% of the 7-& 14-days post-irradiation. Ectoine concentrations (0.63 x 10-4 mg/mg of heart weight) were higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011 x 10-4 mg/mg) 14days post-treatment. Serum troponin T significantly differed between the 14 days groups (p = 0.032). Apoptosis inducible factor significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control (p = 0.014), irradiated (p = 0.020), and ectoine (p = 0.033) groups. Bax showed strong to moderate immunostaining in ectoine and irradiated groups. In conclusion, Ectoine has pre-irradiation partial protective effects on heart cytotoxicity.

Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found ... more Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found in the Middle East and Africa. In addition to its ecological importance, it is accused of millions of deaths due to snakebites. Because molecular identification of snakes is crucial for the antivenom drug industry, mitochondrial genes are used to identify, characterize, and infer genetic diversity among different venomous snake species. Data of Walterinnesia collected from samples across Saudi Arabia were compared based on the mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA sequences with other congeners to assess the phylogenetic relationship. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the monophyly of the genus Walterinnesia based on two genes that represent different species of Elapidae. In addition, a close relationship between Walterinnesia aegyptia and W. morgani was found. Our molecular data showed that W. morgani from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is nearly genetically identical (D=0) with W. aegyptia f...

Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University, Dec 1, 2022

Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single pos... more Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single post-irradiation ectoine dose showed protective effects by modulating both inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. The effect of ectoine has never been tested on mice cardiac tissue, thus the current study aimed to explore the pre-irradiation effect(s) of ectoine on radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty female Swiss albino mice (17.6-23.1 g); controls (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline), ectoine groups injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), irradiated groups (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline then received six Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose), ectoine irradiated groups (injected with ectoine for ten days then irradiated). Animals were sacrificed on days seven, and 14 (five animals each). Hearts were examined for histological changes and immune-stained for Bax. Ectoine concentration in hearts was measured by HPLC. Serum cardiac troponin T, Total antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis-inducing factor were evaluated by mice with ready-to-use ELISA kits. Heart histological changes were documented in 40% of the 7-& 14-days post-irradiation. Ectoine concentrations (0.63 x 10-4 mg/mg of heart weight) were higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011 x 10-4 mg/mg) 14days post-treatment. Serum troponin T significantly differed between the 14 days groups (p = 0.032). Apoptosis inducible factor significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control (p = 0.014), irradiated (p = 0.020), and ectoine (p = 0.033) groups. Bax showed strong to moderate immunostaining in ectoine and irradiated groups. In conclusion, Ectoine has pre-irradiation partial protective effects on heart cytotoxicity.

Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found ... more Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found in the Middle East and Africa. In addition to its ecological importance, it is accused of millions of deaths due to snakebites. Because molecular identification of snakes is crucial for the antivenom drug industry, mitochondrial genes are used to identify, characterize, and infer genetic diversity among different venomous snake species. Data of Walterinnesia collected from samples across Saudi Arabia were compared based on the mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA sequences with other congeners to assess the phylogenetic relationship. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the monophyly of the genus Walterinnesia based on two genes that represent different species of Elapidae. In addition, a close relationship between Walterinnesia aegyptia and W. morgani was found. Our molecular data showed that W. morgani from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is nearly genetically identical (D=0) with W. aegyptia f...

Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers, Jan 26, 2015

Thyroid nodules require pre-surgical cytological assessment for possible risk of malignancy. Many... more Thyroid nodules require pre-surgical cytological assessment for possible risk of malignancy. Many techniques were introduced to enhance differential diagnosis and to avoid unnecessary diagnostic surgery. The study aims to investigate the potential use of ECM1 gene and MMP-2 protein as preoperative tumor markers in suspicious follicular thyroid lesions. The study included 40 Egyptian cases with solitary thyroid nodules. They underwent preoperative FNAB followed by thyroidectomy. MMP-2 protein and ECM1 gene were detected using immunostaining and conventional semi-quantitative RT-PCR techniques; respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAB, gene and protein expression level cutoffs was calculated by using ROC. Both MMP-2 protein and ECM1 gene expressions were significantly higher in malignant than benign group (P < 0.001). Both were significantly higher in higher tumor stages (<formula>P_{MMP-2}</formula>=0.002; <formula>P_{ECM1}</formula>=0.032) but only EC...

International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research, 2021

This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril,... more This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) populations in Saudi Arabia relative to populations from Africa and Asia. This phylogenetic analysis was based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA partial gene fragments using Neighbor-joining, Maximum Parsimony, and Bayesian methods. The results strongly support the monophyly of Lytorhynchus based on two concatenated genes and the 12S rRNA gene separately. Also, a significant separation is observed between the Arabian samples from Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman, and the African populations from Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco.

This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril,... more This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) populations in Saudi Arabia relative to populations from Africa and Asia. This phylogenetic analysis was based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA partial gene fragments using Neighbor-joining, Maximum Parsimony, and Bayesian methods. The results strongly support the monophyly of Lytorhynchus based on two concatenated genes and the 12S rRNA gene separately. Also, a significant separation is observed between the Arabian samples from Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman, and the African populations from Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco.

Abstract: The well-known formulation of the Prisoner’s Problem was an inspiration to the academic... more Abstract: The well-known formulation of the Prisoner’s Problem was an inspiration to the academic community to pay more attention to a large number of issues that had arisen in data hiding communication security. Most of the techniques that were implemented were based on modulating a media file to hide the information required to be transmitted. If the transmission is rather continuous in time, one may refer to the technique as a covert communication channel between two parties. Various methods of advanced steganalysis techniques, with varying degrees of success, were developed to detect the existence of such hidden messages in a media file. In this work, we present an alternative approach to hiding data in media files. To be more precise, we use two different DNA-based steganographic techniques where the message is embedded within a vector sequence using recombinant DNA technology or created using DNA mutagenesis technique. The proposed method has many potential unconventional appl...

by comparing the expression in normal and tumor samples relative to the housekeeping (b-actin) ge... more by comparing the expression in normal and tumor samples relative to the housekeeping (b-actin) gene expression. Results: IHC and RT-PCR techniques showed great discrepancies in detecting ER alpha status which might be due to the presence of ER alpha variants. RT-PCR showed higher sensitivity (72.7%) and accuracy (57.6%) than IHC in detecting ER alpha status. Gene expression of HER-2 was detected (by RT-PCR) in 67.5% (27/40) with overexpression in 25% (10/40) of the cases. Conclusion: IHC and RT-PCR must be combined for more informative results regarding the ER alpha and HER-2 status. Further studies are mandatory to evaluate the efficacy of anti-estrogens on ER alpha variant expression.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most frequent cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in abo... more Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most frequent cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in about 33% of diabetic patients. The present study aimed to explore the renoprotective effects of simvastatin (SV) and rosuvastatin (RSU) on the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. As a result of induction of diabetes, serum [cystatin C, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] and tissue [interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 10 (IL-10), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytochrome c, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio) markers showed significant increase than negative controls except tissue total glutathione (tGSH). Both SV and RSU significantly shifted the levels back toward near non-diabetic values. Both exerted the same renoprotective effect indicated by a significant decrease in cystatin C. However, SV significantly lowered IL-10, GSH/GSSG ratio, MDA, ...

Background: The current study investigated the possible role of the cell cycle regulator, cyclin-... more Background: The current study investigated the possible role of the cell cycle regulator, cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit-2; the angiogenic factor, plateletderived endothelial cell growth factor; and the cell adhesive molecule, neural cadherin, as prognostic factors in schistosomal and non-schistosomal-associated urothelial carcinomas. We also investigated the possible correlation between cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit-2, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor, neural cadherin, tumor grade, and stage. Methods: The study included 40 patients with primary bladder cancer (25 nonschistosomal- associated and 15 schistosomal-associated) who had no prior anticancer treatment. Tumor specimens were collected at the time of the transurethral resection. The vivid portions of the resected tumors were subjected to routine pathological examinations to determine stage, grade, and schistosomal infestation. Control bladder tissues (5 cases) were obtained by cystosco...

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology, 2020

Eryx jayakari (Arabian sand boa) is an important egg-laying boa that successfully reversed the ov... more Eryx jayakari (Arabian sand boa) is an important egg-laying boa that successfully reversed the oviparous ability about 60 million years after the transition of the group to viviparous. The current study aimed to infer the phylogeny of Eryx jayakari-isolated by our group from Hail province, Saudi Arabia-to other boas using mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA sequences and bioinformatics tools (MultAlin alignment, Mega program, and the Maximum Likelihood method). 16S rRNA phylogenetic tree inferred a strong relation between E. jayakari isolated from Ha'il (KSA) and that isolated from Khuzestan (Iran). 12S rRNA gene sequences showed a higher diversification than the 16S rRNA gene sequences in inferring the phylogenetic relationships for E. jayakari. A strong relation between E. jayakari and E. miliaris was also observed. It can be concluded that E. jayakari in Hail might be disseminated from Iran. More 12S rRNA sequences from Iran are required for further assessments.

British Journal of Biomedical Science, 2008

This study investigates the possible prognostic role of serum metastasin messenger RNA (mRNA) in ... more This study investigates the possible prognostic role of serum metastasin messenger RNA (mRNA) in breast carcinoma as a non-invasive screening tool, and determines metastasin mRNA in the serum of breast cancer patients with high sensitivity (85%) and specificity (100%). A significant difference (P = 0.05) was observed between serum metastasin mRNA and the number of involved lymph nodes. Patients with higher expression of serum metastasin showed poor survival (six times worse) than those with lower levels. Patients negative for serum metastasin mRNA suffered recurrences, while those positive for serum metastasin mRNA suffered distant metastases. The results of this study suggest that serum metastasin mRNA represents an important survival marker in breast carcinoma.

Advances in Cancer Research & Treatment, 2014

Background: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) family comprises 5 members (p50, p52, relA/p65, c-rel ... more Background: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) family comprises 5 members (p50, p52, relA/p65, c-rel and relB) which are induced in response to a wide variety of stimuli including hypoxia. Continuous activation of NF-B is an important factor in the onset and progression of breast carcinoma. Hypoxia also induces carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX) that regulates pH and is linked to poor prognosis in breast cancer. Research motivation: The current study aims to investigate the relation between hypoxic markers, p65, p50, CAIX and tumor stage in IDC (invasive ductal carcinoma) subtypes. Research design/methodology: The study included 31 IDC patients. Breast tissues collected during surgery and classified according to estrogen receptor alpha (ER, progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status. Normal breast tissues were also collected to serve as self controls. Nuclear protein extracted and both RelA/p65 and p50 protein assessed by ready to use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a transcription factor assay kits; respectively. CAIX protein expression was detected by blotting techniques. Main findings: RelA/p65 concentration significantly increased in breast carcinoma (p = 0.028) irrelevant to tumor stage, size, grade, nodal status, p50, CAIX or IDC subtypes. P50 binding activity significantly increased with higher tumor grade (P = 0.042). A significant inverse correlation was observed between p50 and ER (r =-0.53, p = 0.002) and between CAIX and the number of the involved lymph nodes (r =-0.42, p = 0.020). Implications: Although no relation was observed between p65, p50, and CAIX, binding activity of p50 and CAIX concentration might be used as prognostic markers in IDC.

EL-Kerm Y M, (3) Abdel Hammed A S, (4) El-Sewedy TS, (5) Assem N M, (6) Kazem A, (4) El-Sewedy S ... more EL-Kerm Y M, (3) Abdel Hammed A S, (4) El-Sewedy TS, (5) Assem N M, (6) Kazem A, (4) El-Sewedy S M (1) Radiobiology unit, (2) Oncology unit, (3) Surgery department, (4) Applied Medical Chemistry department,

The current study aims to investigate the possible association between TLR-4 expression and signa... more The current study aims to investigate the possible association between TLR-4 expression and signaling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). TLR-4 signaling is monitored and correlated with IL-8 release in culture supernatants of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mononuclear cells. The study included 30 subjects (20 with CRC & 10 healthy controls). PBMCs separated to assess TLR-4 expression by RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) technique. PBMCs cultured and stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the release IL-8 (as a function of TLR-4 signaling) measured using ready-to use ELISA kit. Serum IL-8 was also measured. CRC tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and processed for H&E staining. Results proved that PBMCs of CRC patients significantly expressed high level of TLR-4 as compared to controls (p = 0.036). IL-8 levels in culture supernatant of LPS-induced PBMCs was significantly higher than corr...

Key words: Breast neoplasms, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), neovascularization, cyclooxyge... more Key words: Breast neoplasms, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), neovascularization, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), leptin (LEP), prolactin (PRL). abstract Background: Hypoxia is a critical event in tumor neovascularization process. It affects prolactin (PRL) and stimulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) which can induce other genes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and leptin (LEP).

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 2007

This study assessed levels of growth hormone, albumin and ferritin in human fascioliasis and schi... more This study assessed levels of growth hormone, albumin and ferritin in human fascioliasis and schistosomiasis. Forty three patients and ten healthy parasite free subjects were included as controls. All were subjected to clinical, parasitological, and haematological examinations. Serum growth hormone (GH) levels were measured by an immunoenzymometric assay. Statistical analysis revealed significant elevation in GH levels in acute and chronic fascioliasis patients compared to controls. Serum albumin was significantly low in schistosomiasis patients compared to controls. Non-significant changes in serum ferritin were in all patients. The results were critically discussed on the light of the work done before.

Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University, Dec 1, 2022

Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single pos... more Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single post-irradiation ectoine dose showed protective effects by modulating both inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. The effect of ectoine has never been tested on mice cardiac tissue, thus the current study aimed to explore the pre-irradiation effect(s) of ectoine on radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty female Swiss albino mice (17.6-23.1 g); controls (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline), ectoine groups injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), irradiated groups (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline then received six Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose), ectoine irradiated groups (injected with ectoine for ten days then irradiated). Animals were sacrificed on days seven, and 14 (five animals each). Hearts were examined for histological changes and immune-stained for Bax. Ectoine concentration in hearts was measured by HPLC. Serum cardiac troponin T, Total antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis-inducing factor were evaluated by mice with ready-to-use ELISA kits. Heart histological changes were documented in 40% of the 7-& 14-days post-irradiation. Ectoine concentrations (0.63 x 10-4 mg/mg of heart weight) were higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011 x 10-4 mg/mg) 14days post-treatment. Serum troponin T significantly differed between the 14 days groups (p = 0.032). Apoptosis inducible factor significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control (p = 0.014), irradiated (p = 0.020), and ectoine (p = 0.033) groups. Bax showed strong to moderate immunostaining in ectoine and irradiated groups. In conclusion, Ectoine has pre-irradiation partial protective effects on heart cytotoxicity.

Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found ... more Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found in the Middle East and Africa. In addition to its ecological importance, it is accused of millions of deaths due to snakebites. Because molecular identification of snakes is crucial for the antivenom drug industry, mitochondrial genes are used to identify, characterize, and infer genetic diversity among different venomous snake species. Data of Walterinnesia collected from samples across Saudi Arabia were compared based on the mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA sequences with other congeners to assess the phylogenetic relationship. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the monophyly of the genus Walterinnesia based on two genes that represent different species of Elapidae. In addition, a close relationship between Walterinnesia aegyptia and W. morgani was found. Our molecular data showed that W. morgani from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is nearly genetically identical (D=0) with W. aegyptia f...

Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University, Dec 1, 2022

Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single pos... more Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single post-irradiation ectoine dose showed protective effects by modulating both inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. The effect of ectoine has never been tested on mice cardiac tissue, thus the current study aimed to explore the pre-irradiation effect(s) of ectoine on radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty female Swiss albino mice (17.6-23.1 g); controls (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline), ectoine groups injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), irradiated groups (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline then received six Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose), ectoine irradiated groups (injected with ectoine for ten days then irradiated). Animals were sacrificed on days seven, and 14 (five animals each). Hearts were examined for histological changes and immune-stained for Bax. Ectoine concentration in hearts was measured by HPLC. Serum cardiac troponin T, Total antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis-inducing factor were evaluated by mice with ready-to-use ELISA kits. Heart histological changes were documented in 40% of the 7-& 14-days post-irradiation. Ectoine concentrations (0.63 x 10-4 mg/mg of heart weight) were higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011 x 10-4 mg/mg) 14days post-treatment. Serum troponin T significantly differed between the 14 days groups (p = 0.032). Apoptosis inducible factor significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control (p = 0.014), irradiated (p = 0.020), and ectoine (p = 0.033) groups. Bax showed strong to moderate immunostaining in ectoine and irradiated groups. In conclusion, Ectoine has pre-irradiation partial protective effects on heart cytotoxicity.

Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found ... more Walterinnesia aegyptia is one of the most venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae found in the Middle East and Africa. In addition to its ecological importance, it is accused of millions of deaths due to snakebites. Because molecular identification of snakes is crucial for the antivenom drug industry, mitochondrial genes are used to identify, characterize, and infer genetic diversity among different venomous snake species. Data of Walterinnesia collected from samples across Saudi Arabia were compared based on the mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA sequences with other congeners to assess the phylogenetic relationship. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the monophyly of the genus Walterinnesia based on two genes that represent different species of Elapidae. In addition, a close relationship between Walterinnesia aegyptia and W. morgani was found. Our molecular data showed that W. morgani from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is nearly genetically identical (D=0) with W. aegyptia f...

Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers, Jan 26, 2015

Thyroid nodules require pre-surgical cytological assessment for possible risk of malignancy. Many... more Thyroid nodules require pre-surgical cytological assessment for possible risk of malignancy. Many techniques were introduced to enhance differential diagnosis and to avoid unnecessary diagnostic surgery. The study aims to investigate the potential use of ECM1 gene and MMP-2 protein as preoperative tumor markers in suspicious follicular thyroid lesions. The study included 40 Egyptian cases with solitary thyroid nodules. They underwent preoperative FNAB followed by thyroidectomy. MMP-2 protein and ECM1 gene were detected using immunostaining and conventional semi-quantitative RT-PCR techniques; respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAB, gene and protein expression level cutoffs was calculated by using ROC. Both MMP-2 protein and ECM1 gene expressions were significantly higher in malignant than benign group (P < 0.001). Both were significantly higher in higher tumor stages (<formula>P_{MMP-2}</formula>=0.002; <formula>P_{ECM1}</formula>=0.032) but only EC...

International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research, 2021

This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril,... more This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) populations in Saudi Arabia relative to populations from Africa and Asia. This phylogenetic analysis was based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA partial gene fragments using Neighbor-joining, Maximum Parsimony, and Bayesian methods. The results strongly support the monophyly of Lytorhynchus based on two concatenated genes and the 12S rRNA gene separately. Also, a significant separation is observed between the Arabian samples from Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman, and the African populations from Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco.

This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril,... more This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) populations in Saudi Arabia relative to populations from Africa and Asia. This phylogenetic analysis was based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA partial gene fragments using Neighbor-joining, Maximum Parsimony, and Bayesian methods. The results strongly support the monophyly of Lytorhynchus based on two concatenated genes and the 12S rRNA gene separately. Also, a significant separation is observed between the Arabian samples from Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman, and the African populations from Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco.

Abstract: The well-known formulation of the Prisoner’s Problem was an inspiration to the academic... more Abstract: The well-known formulation of the Prisoner’s Problem was an inspiration to the academic community to pay more attention to a large number of issues that had arisen in data hiding communication security. Most of the techniques that were implemented were based on modulating a media file to hide the information required to be transmitted. If the transmission is rather continuous in time, one may refer to the technique as a covert communication channel between two parties. Various methods of advanced steganalysis techniques, with varying degrees of success, were developed to detect the existence of such hidden messages in a media file. In this work, we present an alternative approach to hiding data in media files. To be more precise, we use two different DNA-based steganographic techniques where the message is embedded within a vector sequence using recombinant DNA technology or created using DNA mutagenesis technique. The proposed method has many potential unconventional appl...

by comparing the expression in normal and tumor samples relative to the housekeeping (b-actin) ge... more by comparing the expression in normal and tumor samples relative to the housekeeping (b-actin) gene expression. Results: IHC and RT-PCR techniques showed great discrepancies in detecting ER alpha status which might be due to the presence of ER alpha variants. RT-PCR showed higher sensitivity (72.7%) and accuracy (57.6%) than IHC in detecting ER alpha status. Gene expression of HER-2 was detected (by RT-PCR) in 67.5% (27/40) with overexpression in 25% (10/40) of the cases. Conclusion: IHC and RT-PCR must be combined for more informative results regarding the ER alpha and HER-2 status. Further studies are mandatory to evaluate the efficacy of anti-estrogens on ER alpha variant expression.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most frequent cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in abo... more Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most frequent cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in about 33% of diabetic patients. The present study aimed to explore the renoprotective effects of simvastatin (SV) and rosuvastatin (RSU) on the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. As a result of induction of diabetes, serum [cystatin C, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] and tissue [interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 10 (IL-10), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytochrome c, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio) markers showed significant increase than negative controls except tissue total glutathione (tGSH). Both SV and RSU significantly shifted the levels back toward near non-diabetic values. Both exerted the same renoprotective effect indicated by a significant decrease in cystatin C. However, SV significantly lowered IL-10, GSH/GSSG ratio, MDA, ...

Background: The current study investigated the possible role of the cell cycle regulator, cyclin-... more Background: The current study investigated the possible role of the cell cycle regulator, cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit-2; the angiogenic factor, plateletderived endothelial cell growth factor; and the cell adhesive molecule, neural cadherin, as prognostic factors in schistosomal and non-schistosomal-associated urothelial carcinomas. We also investigated the possible correlation between cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit-2, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor, neural cadherin, tumor grade, and stage. Methods: The study included 40 patients with primary bladder cancer (25 nonschistosomal- associated and 15 schistosomal-associated) who had no prior anticancer treatment. Tumor specimens were collected at the time of the transurethral resection. The vivid portions of the resected tumors were subjected to routine pathological examinations to determine stage, grade, and schistosomal infestation. Control bladder tissues (5 cases) were obtained by cystosco...

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology, 2020

Eryx jayakari (Arabian sand boa) is an important egg-laying boa that successfully reversed the ov... more Eryx jayakari (Arabian sand boa) is an important egg-laying boa that successfully reversed the oviparous ability about 60 million years after the transition of the group to viviparous. The current study aimed to infer the phylogeny of Eryx jayakari-isolated by our group from Hail province, Saudi Arabia-to other boas using mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA sequences and bioinformatics tools (MultAlin alignment, Mega program, and the Maximum Likelihood method). 16S rRNA phylogenetic tree inferred a strong relation between E. jayakari isolated from Ha'il (KSA) and that isolated from Khuzestan (Iran). 12S rRNA gene sequences showed a higher diversification than the 16S rRNA gene sequences in inferring the phylogenetic relationships for E. jayakari. A strong relation between E. jayakari and E. miliaris was also observed. It can be concluded that E. jayakari in Hail might be disseminated from Iran. More 12S rRNA sequences from Iran are required for further assessments.

British Journal of Biomedical Science, 2008

This study investigates the possible prognostic role of serum metastasin messenger RNA (mRNA) in ... more This study investigates the possible prognostic role of serum metastasin messenger RNA (mRNA) in breast carcinoma as a non-invasive screening tool, and determines metastasin mRNA in the serum of breast cancer patients with high sensitivity (85%) and specificity (100%). A significant difference (P = 0.05) was observed between serum metastasin mRNA and the number of involved lymph nodes. Patients with higher expression of serum metastasin showed poor survival (six times worse) than those with lower levels. Patients negative for serum metastasin mRNA suffered recurrences, while those positive for serum metastasin mRNA suffered distant metastases. The results of this study suggest that serum metastasin mRNA represents an important survival marker in breast carcinoma.

Advances in Cancer Research & Treatment, 2014

Background: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) family comprises 5 members (p50, p52, relA/p65, c-rel ... more Background: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) family comprises 5 members (p50, p52, relA/p65, c-rel and relB) which are induced in response to a wide variety of stimuli including hypoxia. Continuous activation of NF-B is an important factor in the onset and progression of breast carcinoma. Hypoxia also induces carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX) that regulates pH and is linked to poor prognosis in breast cancer. Research motivation: The current study aims to investigate the relation between hypoxic markers, p65, p50, CAIX and tumor stage in IDC (invasive ductal carcinoma) subtypes. Research design/methodology: The study included 31 IDC patients. Breast tissues collected during surgery and classified according to estrogen receptor alpha (ER, progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status. Normal breast tissues were also collected to serve as self controls. Nuclear protein extracted and both RelA/p65 and p50 protein assessed by ready to use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a transcription factor assay kits; respectively. CAIX protein expression was detected by blotting techniques. Main findings: RelA/p65 concentration significantly increased in breast carcinoma (p = 0.028) irrelevant to tumor stage, size, grade, nodal status, p50, CAIX or IDC subtypes. P50 binding activity significantly increased with higher tumor grade (P = 0.042). A significant inverse correlation was observed between p50 and ER (r =-0.53, p = 0.002) and between CAIX and the number of the involved lymph nodes (r =-0.42, p = 0.020). Implications: Although no relation was observed between p65, p50, and CAIX, binding activity of p50 and CAIX concentration might be used as prognostic markers in IDC.

EL-Kerm Y M, (3) Abdel Hammed A S, (4) El-Sewedy TS, (5) Assem N M, (6) Kazem A, (4) El-Sewedy S ... more EL-Kerm Y M, (3) Abdel Hammed A S, (4) El-Sewedy TS, (5) Assem N M, (6) Kazem A, (4) El-Sewedy S M (1) Radiobiology unit, (2) Oncology unit, (3) Surgery department, (4) Applied Medical Chemistry department,

The current study aims to investigate the possible association between TLR-4 expression and signa... more The current study aims to investigate the possible association between TLR-4 expression and signaling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). TLR-4 signaling is monitored and correlated with IL-8 release in culture supernatants of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mononuclear cells. The study included 30 subjects (20 with CRC & 10 healthy controls). PBMCs separated to assess TLR-4 expression by RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) technique. PBMCs cultured and stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the release IL-8 (as a function of TLR-4 signaling) measured using ready-to use ELISA kit. Serum IL-8 was also measured. CRC tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and processed for H&E staining. Results proved that PBMCs of CRC patients significantly expressed high level of TLR-4 as compared to controls (p = 0.036). IL-8 levels in culture supernatant of LPS-induced PBMCs was significantly higher than corr...

Key words: Breast neoplasms, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), neovascularization, cyclooxyge... more Key words: Breast neoplasms, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), neovascularization, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), leptin (LEP), prolactin (PRL). abstract Background: Hypoxia is a critical event in tumor neovascularization process. It affects prolactin (PRL) and stimulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) which can induce other genes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and leptin (LEP).

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 2007

This study assessed levels of growth hormone, albumin and ferritin in human fascioliasis and schi... more This study assessed levels of growth hormone, albumin and ferritin in human fascioliasis and schistosomiasis. Forty three patients and ten healthy parasite free subjects were included as controls. All were subjected to clinical, parasitological, and haematological examinations. Serum growth hormone (GH) levels were measured by an immunoenzymometric assay. Statistical analysis revealed significant elevation in GH levels in acute and chronic fascioliasis patients compared to controls. Serum albumin was significantly low in schistosomiasis patients compared to controls. Non-significant changes in serum ferritin were in all patients. The results were critically discussed on the light of the work done before.