Mohamed Ellakany | Alexandria University (original) (raw)

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Papers by Mohamed Ellakany

Anesthesia: Essays and Researches, 2014

Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Cont... more Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Continuous epidural anesthesia through a catheter offers several options for perioperative analgesia. Local anesthetic boluses or infusions can provide profound analgesia. Although the role of low-dose ketamine (<2 mg/kg intramuscular, <1 mg/kg intravenous [IV] or ≤ 20 μg/kg/min by IV infusion) in the treatment of post-operative pain is controversial, perioperative administration of a small dose of ketamine may be valuable to a multimodal analgesic regimen. A local anesthetic can be used for wound infiltration intra-operative to minimized the surgical pain. Patients and Methods: A prospective randomized study was performed in which 40 patients scheduled for elective open cholecystectomy under general anesthesia admitted to the Medical Research Institute were included and further subdivided into two groups, group A, received thoracic epidural catheter at T7-8, activation was done 20 min before induction of anesthesia with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.25% at a volume of 1 ml/segment aiming to block sensory supply from T4-L2, then received continuous thoracic epidural infusion intra and postoperatively with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.125% at a rate of 5 ml/h for 24 h, group B received 0.3 mg/kg bolus of ketamine at the time of induction then 0.1 mg/kg/h ketamine IV infusion during surgery followed by wound infiltration with 15 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.5% at the time of skin closure. Results: Bupivacaine thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure than ketamine infusion plus wound infiltration with local anesthetic in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on hemodynamic changes intra-and postoperatively than ketamine infusion with local wound infiltration in open cholecystectomy.

Research and Opinion in Anesthesia and Intensive Care, 2016

Aims This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of the C-MAC D-blade with the McCoy laryn... more Aims This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of the C-MAC D-blade with the McCoy laryngoscope in intubating patients during cervical spine immobilization. Patients and methods This randomized controlled study was carried out in the Medical Research Institute Hospital, University of Alexandria, on 60 adult ASA I and II patients who were randomly categorized into two equal groups after written informed consent and approval of the ethics committee. All patients were subjected to the same anaesthetic protocol. Group I patients were intubated using the C-MAC D-blade laryngoscope, and group II patients were intubated using the McCoy laryngoscope. Haemodynamic measurements and oxygen saturation were recorded. The following intubation criteria were recorded for both groups: laryngeal view according to modified Cormack and Lehane grade at laryngoscopy, duration of the intubation procedure, number of intubation attempts and complications. Statistical analysis Data were statistically analysed with the SPSS software using t-test and χ2-test, and P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results Haemodynamic parameters (heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure) were significantly lower in the C-MAC D-blade group than in the McCoy group until 4 min after intubation. Oxygen saturation showed no significant difference between the two groups. The use of the C-MAC D-blade resulted in more appearance of modified C–L class 1, whereas the use of the McCoy laryngoscope resulted in more appearance of class 2b and class 3. Duration of intubation was statistically significantly longer in the C-MAC D-blade group than in the McCoy group, whereas for the number of intubation attempts C-MAC D-blade results in more successful intubation in the first attempt than the McCoy laryngoscope. Conclusion The C-MAC D-blade laryngoscope offers a new approach for the management of difficult airway, such as in patients in need for cervical immobilization. It causes less haemodynamic stress, it better intubates in the first trial and gives a better view of the larynx without moving the cervical spine, but it may be more time-consuming than direct laryngoscopes.

Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, Oct 1, 2013

Anesthesia: Essays and Researches, 2014

Aim: A double-blinded randomized controlled study to compare discharge time and patient satisfact... more Aim: A double-blinded randomized controlled study to compare discharge time and patient satisfaction between two groups of patients submitted to open surgeries for abdominal malignancies using segmental thoracic spinal or general anesthesia. Background: Open surgeries for abdominal malignancy are usually done under general anesthesia, but many patients with major medical problems sometimes can't tolerate such anesthesia. Regional anesthesia namely segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia may be beneficial in such patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients classified according to American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) as class II or III undergoing surgeries for abdominal malignancy, like colonic or gastric carcinoma, divided into two groups, 30 patients each. Group G, received general anesthesia, Group S received a segmental (T9-T10 injection) thoracic spinal anesthesia with intrathecal injection of 2 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (10 mg) and 20 ug fentanyl citrate. Intraoperative monitoring, postoperative pain, complications, recovery time, and patient satisfaction at follow-up were compared between the two groups. Results: Spinal anesthesia was performed easily in all 30 patients, although two patients complained of paraesthesiae, which responded to slight needle withdrawal. No patient required conversion to general anesthesia, six patients required midazolam for anxiety and six patients required phenylephrine and atropine for hypotension and bradycardia, recovery was uneventful and without sequelae. The two groups were comparable with respect to gender, age, weight, height, body mass index, ASA classification, preoperative oxygen saturation and preoperative respiratory rate and operative time. Conclusion: This preliminary study has shown that segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia can be used successfully and effectively for open surgeries for abdominal malignancies by experienced anesthetists. It showed shorter postanesthesia care unit stay, better postoperative pain relief and patient satisfaction than general anesthesia.

Anesthesia: Essays and Researches, 2014

Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Cont... more Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Continuous epidural anesthesia through a catheter offers several options for perioperative analgesia. Local anesthetic boluses or infusions can provide profound analgesia. Although the role of low-dose ketamine (<2 mg/kg intramuscular, <1 mg/kg intravenous [IV] or ≤ 20 μg/kg/min by IV infusion) in the treatment of post-operative pain is controversial, perioperative administration of a small dose of ketamine may be valuable to a multimodal analgesic regimen. A local anesthetic can be used for wound infiltration intra-operative to minimized the surgical pain. Patients and Methods: A prospective randomized study was performed in which 40 patients scheduled for elective open cholecystectomy under general anesthesia admitted to the Medical Research Institute were included and further subdivided into two groups, group A, received thoracic epidural catheter at T7-8, activation was done 20 min before induction of anesthesia with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.25% at a volume of 1 ml/segment aiming to block sensory supply from T4-L2, then received continuous thoracic epidural infusion intra and postoperatively with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.125% at a rate of 5 ml/h for 24 h, group B received 0.3 mg/kg bolus of ketamine at the time of induction then 0.1 mg/kg/h ketamine IV infusion during surgery followed by wound infiltration with 15 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.5% at the time of skin closure. Results: Bupivacaine thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure than ketamine infusion plus wound infiltration with local anesthetic in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on hemodynamic changes intra-and postoperatively than ketamine infusion with local wound infiltration in open cholecystectomy.

International Journal of Anesthetics and Anesthesiology, 2014

Anesthesia: Essays and Researches, 2014

Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Cont... more Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Continuous epidural anesthesia through a catheter offers several options for perioperative analgesia. Local anesthetic boluses or infusions can provide profound analgesia. Although the role of low-dose ketamine (<2 mg/kg intramuscular, <1 mg/kg intravenous [IV] or ≤ 20 μg/kg/min by IV infusion) in the treatment of post-operative pain is controversial, perioperative administration of a small dose of ketamine may be valuable to a multimodal analgesic regimen. A local anesthetic can be used for wound infiltration intra-operative to minimized the surgical pain. Patients and Methods: A prospective randomized study was performed in which 40 patients scheduled for elective open cholecystectomy under general anesthesia admitted to the Medical Research Institute were included and further subdivided into two groups, group A, received thoracic epidural catheter at T7-8, activation was done 20 min before induction of anesthesia with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.25% at a volume of 1 ml/segment aiming to block sensory supply from T4-L2, then received continuous thoracic epidural infusion intra and postoperatively with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.125% at a rate of 5 ml/h for 24 h, group B received 0.3 mg/kg bolus of ketamine at the time of induction then 0.1 mg/kg/h ketamine IV infusion during surgery followed by wound infiltration with 15 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.5% at the time of skin closure. Results: Bupivacaine thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure than ketamine infusion plus wound infiltration with local anesthetic in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on hemodynamic changes intra-and postoperatively than ketamine infusion with local wound infiltration in open cholecystectomy.

Research and Opinion in Anesthesia and Intensive Care, 2016

Aims This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of the C-MAC D-blade with the McCoy laryn... more Aims This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of the C-MAC D-blade with the McCoy laryngoscope in intubating patients during cervical spine immobilization. Patients and methods This randomized controlled study was carried out in the Medical Research Institute Hospital, University of Alexandria, on 60 adult ASA I and II patients who were randomly categorized into two equal groups after written informed consent and approval of the ethics committee. All patients were subjected to the same anaesthetic protocol. Group I patients were intubated using the C-MAC D-blade laryngoscope, and group II patients were intubated using the McCoy laryngoscope. Haemodynamic measurements and oxygen saturation were recorded. The following intubation criteria were recorded for both groups: laryngeal view according to modified Cormack and Lehane grade at laryngoscopy, duration of the intubation procedure, number of intubation attempts and complications. Statistical analysis Data were statistically analysed with the SPSS software using t-test and χ2-test, and P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results Haemodynamic parameters (heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure) were significantly lower in the C-MAC D-blade group than in the McCoy group until 4 min after intubation. Oxygen saturation showed no significant difference between the two groups. The use of the C-MAC D-blade resulted in more appearance of modified C–L class 1, whereas the use of the McCoy laryngoscope resulted in more appearance of class 2b and class 3. Duration of intubation was statistically significantly longer in the C-MAC D-blade group than in the McCoy group, whereas for the number of intubation attempts C-MAC D-blade results in more successful intubation in the first attempt than the McCoy laryngoscope. Conclusion The C-MAC D-blade laryngoscope offers a new approach for the management of difficult airway, such as in patients in need for cervical immobilization. It causes less haemodynamic stress, it better intubates in the first trial and gives a better view of the larynx without moving the cervical spine, but it may be more time-consuming than direct laryngoscopes.

Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, Oct 1, 2013

Anesthesia: Essays and Researches, 2014

Aim: A double-blinded randomized controlled study to compare discharge time and patient satisfact... more Aim: A double-blinded randomized controlled study to compare discharge time and patient satisfaction between two groups of patients submitted to open surgeries for abdominal malignancies using segmental thoracic spinal or general anesthesia. Background: Open surgeries for abdominal malignancy are usually done under general anesthesia, but many patients with major medical problems sometimes can't tolerate such anesthesia. Regional anesthesia namely segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia may be beneficial in such patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients classified according to American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) as class II or III undergoing surgeries for abdominal malignancy, like colonic or gastric carcinoma, divided into two groups, 30 patients each. Group G, received general anesthesia, Group S received a segmental (T9-T10 injection) thoracic spinal anesthesia with intrathecal injection of 2 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (10 mg) and 20 ug fentanyl citrate. Intraoperative monitoring, postoperative pain, complications, recovery time, and patient satisfaction at follow-up were compared between the two groups. Results: Spinal anesthesia was performed easily in all 30 patients, although two patients complained of paraesthesiae, which responded to slight needle withdrawal. No patient required conversion to general anesthesia, six patients required midazolam for anxiety and six patients required phenylephrine and atropine for hypotension and bradycardia, recovery was uneventful and without sequelae. The two groups were comparable with respect to gender, age, weight, height, body mass index, ASA classification, preoperative oxygen saturation and preoperative respiratory rate and operative time. Conclusion: This preliminary study has shown that segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia can be used successfully and effectively for open surgeries for abdominal malignancies by experienced anesthetists. It showed shorter postanesthesia care unit stay, better postoperative pain relief and patient satisfaction than general anesthesia.

Anesthesia: Essays and Researches, 2014

Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Cont... more Background: Neuraxial blocks result in sympathetic block, sensory analgesia and motor block. Continuous epidural anesthesia through a catheter offers several options for perioperative analgesia. Local anesthetic boluses or infusions can provide profound analgesia. Although the role of low-dose ketamine (<2 mg/kg intramuscular, <1 mg/kg intravenous [IV] or ≤ 20 μg/kg/min by IV infusion) in the treatment of post-operative pain is controversial, perioperative administration of a small dose of ketamine may be valuable to a multimodal analgesic regimen. A local anesthetic can be used for wound infiltration intra-operative to minimized the surgical pain. Patients and Methods: A prospective randomized study was performed in which 40 patients scheduled for elective open cholecystectomy under general anesthesia admitted to the Medical Research Institute were included and further subdivided into two groups, group A, received thoracic epidural catheter at T7-8, activation was done 20 min before induction of anesthesia with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.25% at a volume of 1 ml/segment aiming to block sensory supply from T4-L2, then received continuous thoracic epidural infusion intra and postoperatively with plain bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.125% at a rate of 5 ml/h for 24 h, group B received 0.3 mg/kg bolus of ketamine at the time of induction then 0.1 mg/kg/h ketamine IV infusion during surgery followed by wound infiltration with 15 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.5% at the time of skin closure. Results: Bupivacaine thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure than ketamine infusion plus wound infiltration with local anesthetic in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Thoracic epidural analgesia had better control on hemodynamic changes intra-and postoperatively than ketamine infusion with local wound infiltration in open cholecystectomy.

International Journal of Anesthetics and Anesthesiology, 2014