David A . Bainbridge | Alliant International University (original) (raw)

Papers by David A . Bainbridge

EcoMena, 2024

The badiya is a region of desert, semi-desert and steppe covering 500,000 square kilometers (200,... more The badiya is a region of desert, semi-desert and steppe covering 500,000 square kilometers (200,000 square miles) of the Middle East, including parts of Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq. It accounts for 85% of the land area of Jordan[iii] and 55% of Syria. To the south it borders and merges into the Arabian Desert. Much of the Badiya has become severely degraded by historic misuse over hundreds of years.[vi] Trees were cut and used for buildings, but more intensively for firewood and making charcoal. This pressure and centuries of overgrazing by herds of thousands of camels, goats, and sheep has left the ground barren in many areas. This hastens erosion, speeds runoff and flood damage, and enables sand and dust to blow in the wind. The smooth dry surfaces make it hard for plants to germinate and grow. Even a small depression from tire tracks can help, and intentional pitting can provide dramatic results.

Society for Ecological Restoration SW Conference, 2024

Experience around the world has made it clear that soil pitting is often the most cost effective ... more Experience around the world has made it clear that soil pitting is often the most cost effective treatment to facilitate the recovery of abandoned, barren land (Bainbridge, 2007), and to make it possible to grow crops once again (Belmin et al., 2023). The need is great in deserts and drylands around the world, and in the western US and northern Mexico. In California's San Joaquin Valley water restrictions may lead to abandoning farming on 500,000-900,000 acres (Hanak, 2023). Pits capture water, fungi, and litter, provide safe sites for seeds to germinate and provide some protection from sand blast. (figure 1) Pitting can be done by hand labor using McLeods, shovels or large hoes on smaller projects (Bainbridge, 2007). These handmade "artisanal" soil pits are less noticeable in restoration projects because the pattern can be varied. Hand pitting is slow and best done as a group activity so progress is clearly visible. (figure 2). Mechanical pitters are needed to cover the tens of thousands of hectares of dry and desert lands F1 F2

Drylander, 1986

Suspenion fencing allows more efficient fencing. The suspension fence also works well in restrain... more Suspenion fencing allows more efficient fencing. The suspension fence also works well in restraining animals.

journals and books provide an intermediate level of access to material. Not as slow as journal se... more journals and books provide an intermediate level of access to material. Not as slow as journal searching--not as fast as electronic data bases. They provide citations to relevant journal articles or books which you can then use to find the actual item in your library. There are two sustainable agriculture abstract journals.

Reduction in carbon uptake during turn of the century drought in western North America. Nature Ge... more Reduction in carbon uptake during turn of the century drought in western North America. Nature Geoscience 29 July.

Sustainable Agriculture Notes, 2013

Fan Shengzhi was a remarkable Chinese agronomist. Fan Shengzhi [ originally Fan Sheng ], was born... more Fan Shengzhi was a remarkable Chinese agronomist. Fan Shengzhi [ originally Fan Sheng ], was born sometime in the late Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D. 24) in Sishui county (now northwest Cao county , Shandong province, China). He was first an official court gentleman for consultation (yilang), then agricultural development commissioner (quannongshi) and then commissioner of charioteers (qingche shizhe). In these tasks he was entrusted with the revenue of the region of Guanzhong around the capital, Chang-An (todays Xi'an). (www.chinaknowledge.de/Literature/Science/fanshengzhishu.html).

Academia Letters, 2022

To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to h... more To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to have a more comprehensive understanding of costs. The goal is completing the market by including all relevant costs (Anderson and White, 2009). This will require changes in accounting and will be reflected in the terminology used in accounting. Let's start with external costs, first clearly described by Arthur C. Pigou almost 100 years ago. He identified the importance of external (currently ignored or uncounted) costs including the example of damage and costs caused by wild fires started by sparks from locomotives. Today wildfires caused by equipment failures of utility companies lead to catastrophic external costs. In 2018 for example, Pacific Gas and Electric equipment started the Camp Fire that destroyed the town of Paradise and cost 85 lives (Penn and Eavis, 2020). All told, PG&E faced 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined30 billion in external costs from wildfires in its bankruptcy hearing. People who lost their homes and loved ones were promised restitution; but it has not, will not, happen (Kasler, 2022; Blunt, 2021). These enormous external costs are not unique. Billion-dollar climate related events of 2020 included a record 7 disasters linked to tropical cyclones, 13 to severe storms, 1 to drought, and 1 to wildfires (Smith, 2021). The 22 events cost the nation a combined 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined95 billion in damages. Both environmental and social costs are important. The external health costs related to smoking-cost another $400 billion each year (CDC, 2021). Trillions of dollars in external costs are ignored every year. Transferring these costs to others has enabled many corporations and individuals to become very wealthy. But companies have also led the way in improving accounting. As the CEO of Interface Carpet put it, "Only when all these 'externalities' appear in prices, profits, and losses can an honest market function responsibly (Andersen, 2009). We can no longer allow profit to be concentrated in the hands of a few, while many costs are uncounted and spread across Society and future generations.

Academia Letters, 2022

To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to h... more To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to have a more comprehensive understanding of costs. The goal is completing the market by including all relevant costs (Anderson and White, 2009). This will require changes in accounting and will be reflected in the terminology used in accounting. Let's start with external costs, first clearly described by Arthur C. Pigou almost 100 years ago. He identified the importance of external (currently ignored or uncounted) costs including the example of damage and costs caused by wild fires started by sparks from locomotives. Today wildfires caused by equipment failures of utility companies lead to catastrophic external costs. In 2018 for example, Pacific Gas and Electric equipment started the Camp Fire that destroyed the town of Paradise and cost 85 lives (Penn and Eavis, 2020). All told, PG&E faced 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined30 billion in external costs from wildfires in its bankruptcy hearing. People who lost their homes and loved ones were promised restitution; but it has not, will not, happen (Kasler, 2022; Blunt, 2021). These enormous external costs are not unique. Billion-dollar climate related events of 2020 included a record 7 disasters linked to tropical cyclones, 13 to severe storms, 1 to drought, and 1 to wildfires (Smith, 2021). The 22 events cost the nation a combined 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined95 billion in damages. Both environmental and social costs are important. The external health costs related to smoking-cost another $400 billion each year (CDC, 2021). Trillions of dollars in external costs are ignored every year. Transferring these costs to others has enabled many corporations and individuals to become very wealthy. But companies have also led the way in improving accounting. As the CEO of Interface Carpet put it, "Only when all these 'externalities' appear in prices, profits, and losses can an honest market function responsibly (Andersen, 2009). We can no longer allow profit to be concentrated in the hands of a few, while many costs are uncounted and spread across Society and future generations.

California Agriculture, 1998

Author David Vaughn found widespread but non-uniform establishment of two saltbushes (Atriplex ca... more Author David Vaughn found widespread but non-uniform establishment of two saltbushes (Atriplex canescens and A. polycarpa) and California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum) throughout the EWP area. The shrubs suppressed fugitive dust over most of the formerly eroding area. From 1988 through 1991, barren lands in the western Mojave Desert were a major source of fugitive dust and fine particulate matter during periods of high wind.

It has become clear in recent years that environmental policy must do more than simply combat har... more It has become clear in recent years that environmental policy must do more than simply combat harmful substances or put a filter on each exhaust or waste pipe to reduce pollutants to an "acceptable level." The catalytic converter is a good example of the problem, with almost 3 tons of non-renewable resources invested in each one (Schmidt-Bleek 1998, 1999). We need to rethink production to make it cleaner and more sustainable by improving our accounting (Bainbridge, 2006).

Acorns are a neglected food for people, livestock, domestic fowl, and wildlife in California. Aco... more Acorns are a neglected food for people, livestock, domestic fowl, and wildlife in California. Acorns are easy to collect, store, and process. In addition to the nutritious nut and meal, acorns yield an oil comparable in quality and flavor with olive oil. The existing acorn market could be greatly expanded and provide new income for rural people. A serious effort to identify and propagate the best oak acorn cultivars for these products is long overdue. It is particularly appropriate for this research to be done in California, which once had an acorn based economy.

When author David Bainbridge attended his first straw-bale-building workshop in 1989, he thought ... more When author David Bainbridge attended his first straw-bale-building workshop in 1989, he thought building with bales would take at least 20 years to catch on. "I never anticipated how quickly it would spread around the world," he says. "The advantages of straw bales are now well understood in the building trades. And where grain is grown, bales can be cost competitive with conventional construction."

The buried clay pot or pitcher method of irrigation is one of the most efficient systems known an... more The buried clay pot or pitcher method of irrigation is one of the most efficient systems known and is ideal for gardeners and small farmers. Buried clay pot irrigation uses a buried, unglazed clay pot filled with water to provide controlled irrigation to plants as the water seeps out through the clay wall at a rate that is influenced by the plant's water use. It has been used for thousands of years. This auto-regulation leads to very high efficiency-considerably better than drip irrigation and many times better than conventional surface irrigation. In India, for example, the yield of buried clay pot irrigated melon was 25 tons per hectare using only 2 centimeters of water/ha, this compares with yields of 33 tons/ha using 26 cm of water with flood irrigation. A detailed study of cucumber production showed that 1.9 cm/ha with buried clay pots provided yields comparable to 7.3 cm/ha by hand irrigation. And trials in Zimbabwe found the yield of beans was 17 kg/cm water used with buried clay pots, compared to only 13 kg/ cm for drip, 12 kg/cm for subsurface, and only 10 kg/cm for conventional basin irrigation. Buried clay pot irrigation allows soil amendments to be placed only where they will benefit the crops not the weeds. This is very important as studies of traditional farming systems have found that as much as 30% of the labor is for weeding-labor that could be put to more productive use. A study in India found that the dry weight of weeds was only 62 kg/ha using buried clay pots compared to 465 kg/ha with basin irrigation. Buried clay pot irrigation should be considered wherever water conservation is important. It will probably continue to prove most valuable for producing high value crops in dry lands. Buried clay pot irrigation is also valuable for food production and revegetating areas affected by salinity or where only saline water is available for irrigation. Buried clay pot irrigation is also valuable for gardening, landscaping, and growing plants in containers. Buried clay pot irrigation has been successfully used for a wide range of annual and perennial plants including: melons, tomatoes, corn, and many other annual crops in China, Pakistan, India, Mexico, and Brazil; pistachio trees in Iran, mesquite, acacia, and eucalyptus in Pakistan, fruit trees in Mexico, India, and Brazil, and palo verde in the California desert. In our test gardens in California, Arizona, and New Mexico and research we have found that most plants are very compatible with clay pot irrigation. Make 530 pits per hectare (210 pits per acre), each pit 70 cm (24 inches) across and 12 cm (5 inches) deep. To each pit add 18 kilograms (38 lbs.) of manure. Mix the manure well with an equal amount of earth. Bury an earthen jar of 6 liters (1.5 gallons) capacity in the center of the pit. Let its mouth be level with the ground. Fill the jar with water. Plant 4 melon seeds around the jar. Cover the jar with a tile. Fill the jar to the brink when the water level falls. Fan Sheng-chih Shu [2050 BeforePresent] Restora)onNote2011DavidA.Bainbridge

EcoMena, 2024

The badiya is a region of desert, semi-desert and steppe covering 500,000 square kilometers (200,... more The badiya is a region of desert, semi-desert and steppe covering 500,000 square kilometers (200,000 square miles) of the Middle East, including parts of Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq. It accounts for 85% of the land area of Jordan[iii] and 55% of Syria. To the south it borders and merges into the Arabian Desert. Much of the Badiya has become severely degraded by historic misuse over hundreds of years.[vi] Trees were cut and used for buildings, but more intensively for firewood and making charcoal. This pressure and centuries of overgrazing by herds of thousands of camels, goats, and sheep has left the ground barren in many areas. This hastens erosion, speeds runoff and flood damage, and enables sand and dust to blow in the wind. The smooth dry surfaces make it hard for plants to germinate and grow. Even a small depression from tire tracks can help, and intentional pitting can provide dramatic results.

Society for Ecological Restoration SW Conference, 2024

Experience around the world has made it clear that soil pitting is often the most cost effective ... more Experience around the world has made it clear that soil pitting is often the most cost effective treatment to facilitate the recovery of abandoned, barren land (Bainbridge, 2007), and to make it possible to grow crops once again (Belmin et al., 2023). The need is great in deserts and drylands around the world, and in the western US and northern Mexico. In California's San Joaquin Valley water restrictions may lead to abandoning farming on 500,000-900,000 acres (Hanak, 2023). Pits capture water, fungi, and litter, provide safe sites for seeds to germinate and provide some protection from sand blast. (figure 1) Pitting can be done by hand labor using McLeods, shovels or large hoes on smaller projects (Bainbridge, 2007). These handmade "artisanal" soil pits are less noticeable in restoration projects because the pattern can be varied. Hand pitting is slow and best done as a group activity so progress is clearly visible. (figure 2). Mechanical pitters are needed to cover the tens of thousands of hectares of dry and desert lands F1 F2

Drylander, 1986

Suspenion fencing allows more efficient fencing. The suspension fence also works well in restrain... more Suspenion fencing allows more efficient fencing. The suspension fence also works well in restraining animals.

journals and books provide an intermediate level of access to material. Not as slow as journal se... more journals and books provide an intermediate level of access to material. Not as slow as journal searching--not as fast as electronic data bases. They provide citations to relevant journal articles or books which you can then use to find the actual item in your library. There are two sustainable agriculture abstract journals.

Reduction in carbon uptake during turn of the century drought in western North America. Nature Ge... more Reduction in carbon uptake during turn of the century drought in western North America. Nature Geoscience 29 July.

Sustainable Agriculture Notes, 2013

Fan Shengzhi was a remarkable Chinese agronomist. Fan Shengzhi [ originally Fan Sheng ], was born... more Fan Shengzhi was a remarkable Chinese agronomist. Fan Shengzhi [ originally Fan Sheng ], was born sometime in the late Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D. 24) in Sishui county (now northwest Cao county , Shandong province, China). He was first an official court gentleman for consultation (yilang), then agricultural development commissioner (quannongshi) and then commissioner of charioteers (qingche shizhe). In these tasks he was entrusted with the revenue of the region of Guanzhong around the capital, Chang-An (todays Xi'an). (www.chinaknowledge.de/Literature/Science/fanshengzhishu.html).

Academia Letters, 2022

To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to h... more To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to have a more comprehensive understanding of costs. The goal is completing the market by including all relevant costs (Anderson and White, 2009). This will require changes in accounting and will be reflected in the terminology used in accounting. Let's start with external costs, first clearly described by Arthur C. Pigou almost 100 years ago. He identified the importance of external (currently ignored or uncounted) costs including the example of damage and costs caused by wild fires started by sparks from locomotives. Today wildfires caused by equipment failures of utility companies lead to catastrophic external costs. In 2018 for example, Pacific Gas and Electric equipment started the Camp Fire that destroyed the town of Paradise and cost 85 lives (Penn and Eavis, 2020). All told, PG&E faced 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined30 billion in external costs from wildfires in its bankruptcy hearing. People who lost their homes and loved ones were promised restitution; but it has not, will not, happen (Kasler, 2022; Blunt, 2021). These enormous external costs are not unique. Billion-dollar climate related events of 2020 included a record 7 disasters linked to tropical cyclones, 13 to severe storms, 1 to drought, and 1 to wildfires (Smith, 2021). The 22 events cost the nation a combined 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined95 billion in damages. Both environmental and social costs are important. The external health costs related to smoking-cost another $400 billion each year (CDC, 2021). Trillions of dollars in external costs are ignored every year. Transferring these costs to others has enabled many corporations and individuals to become very wealthy. But companies have also led the way in improving accounting. As the CEO of Interface Carpet put it, "Only when all these 'externalities' appear in prices, profits, and losses can an honest market function responsibly (Andersen, 2009). We can no longer allow profit to be concentrated in the hands of a few, while many costs are uncounted and spread across Society and future generations.

Academia Letters, 2022

To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to h... more To meet the challenges of climate change and other social and environmental problems we need to have a more comprehensive understanding of costs. The goal is completing the market by including all relevant costs (Anderson and White, 2009). This will require changes in accounting and will be reflected in the terminology used in accounting. Let's start with external costs, first clearly described by Arthur C. Pigou almost 100 years ago. He identified the importance of external (currently ignored or uncounted) costs including the example of damage and costs caused by wild fires started by sparks from locomotives. Today wildfires caused by equipment failures of utility companies lead to catastrophic external costs. In 2018 for example, Pacific Gas and Electric equipment started the Camp Fire that destroyed the town of Paradise and cost 85 lives (Penn and Eavis, 2020). All told, PG&E faced 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined30 billion in external costs from wildfires in its bankruptcy hearing. People who lost their homes and loved ones were promised restitution; but it has not, will not, happen (Kasler, 2022; Blunt, 2021). These enormous external costs are not unique. Billion-dollar climate related events of 2020 included a record 7 disasters linked to tropical cyclones, 13 to severe storms, 1 to drought, and 1 to wildfires (Smith, 2021). The 22 events cost the nation a combined 30billioninexternalcostsfromwildfiresinitsbankruptcyhearing.Peoplewholosttheirhomesandlovedoneswerepromisedrestitution;butithasnot,willnot,happen(Kasler,2022;Blunt,2021).Theseenormousexternalcostsarenotunique.Billion−dollarclimaterelatedeventsof2020includedarecord7disasterslinkedtotropicalcyclones,13toseverestorms,1todrought,and1towildfires(Smith,2021).The22eventscostthenationacombined95 billion in damages. Both environmental and social costs are important. The external health costs related to smoking-cost another $400 billion each year (CDC, 2021). Trillions of dollars in external costs are ignored every year. Transferring these costs to others has enabled many corporations and individuals to become very wealthy. But companies have also led the way in improving accounting. As the CEO of Interface Carpet put it, "Only when all these 'externalities' appear in prices, profits, and losses can an honest market function responsibly (Andersen, 2009). We can no longer allow profit to be concentrated in the hands of a few, while many costs are uncounted and spread across Society and future generations.

California Agriculture, 1998

Author David Vaughn found widespread but non-uniform establishment of two saltbushes (Atriplex ca... more Author David Vaughn found widespread but non-uniform establishment of two saltbushes (Atriplex canescens and A. polycarpa) and California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum) throughout the EWP area. The shrubs suppressed fugitive dust over most of the formerly eroding area. From 1988 through 1991, barren lands in the western Mojave Desert were a major source of fugitive dust and fine particulate matter during periods of high wind.

It has become clear in recent years that environmental policy must do more than simply combat har... more It has become clear in recent years that environmental policy must do more than simply combat harmful substances or put a filter on each exhaust or waste pipe to reduce pollutants to an "acceptable level." The catalytic converter is a good example of the problem, with almost 3 tons of non-renewable resources invested in each one (Schmidt-Bleek 1998, 1999). We need to rethink production to make it cleaner and more sustainable by improving our accounting (Bainbridge, 2006).

Acorns are a neglected food for people, livestock, domestic fowl, and wildlife in California. Aco... more Acorns are a neglected food for people, livestock, domestic fowl, and wildlife in California. Acorns are easy to collect, store, and process. In addition to the nutritious nut and meal, acorns yield an oil comparable in quality and flavor with olive oil. The existing acorn market could be greatly expanded and provide new income for rural people. A serious effort to identify and propagate the best oak acorn cultivars for these products is long overdue. It is particularly appropriate for this research to be done in California, which once had an acorn based economy.

When author David Bainbridge attended his first straw-bale-building workshop in 1989, he thought ... more When author David Bainbridge attended his first straw-bale-building workshop in 1989, he thought building with bales would take at least 20 years to catch on. "I never anticipated how quickly it would spread around the world," he says. "The advantages of straw bales are now well understood in the building trades. And where grain is grown, bales can be cost competitive with conventional construction."

The buried clay pot or pitcher method of irrigation is one of the most efficient systems known an... more The buried clay pot or pitcher method of irrigation is one of the most efficient systems known and is ideal for gardeners and small farmers. Buried clay pot irrigation uses a buried, unglazed clay pot filled with water to provide controlled irrigation to plants as the water seeps out through the clay wall at a rate that is influenced by the plant's water use. It has been used for thousands of years. This auto-regulation leads to very high efficiency-considerably better than drip irrigation and many times better than conventional surface irrigation. In India, for example, the yield of buried clay pot irrigated melon was 25 tons per hectare using only 2 centimeters of water/ha, this compares with yields of 33 tons/ha using 26 cm of water with flood irrigation. A detailed study of cucumber production showed that 1.9 cm/ha with buried clay pots provided yields comparable to 7.3 cm/ha by hand irrigation. And trials in Zimbabwe found the yield of beans was 17 kg/cm water used with buried clay pots, compared to only 13 kg/ cm for drip, 12 kg/cm for subsurface, and only 10 kg/cm for conventional basin irrigation. Buried clay pot irrigation allows soil amendments to be placed only where they will benefit the crops not the weeds. This is very important as studies of traditional farming systems have found that as much as 30% of the labor is for weeding-labor that could be put to more productive use. A study in India found that the dry weight of weeds was only 62 kg/ha using buried clay pots compared to 465 kg/ha with basin irrigation. Buried clay pot irrigation should be considered wherever water conservation is important. It will probably continue to prove most valuable for producing high value crops in dry lands. Buried clay pot irrigation is also valuable for food production and revegetating areas affected by salinity or where only saline water is available for irrigation. Buried clay pot irrigation is also valuable for gardening, landscaping, and growing plants in containers. Buried clay pot irrigation has been successfully used for a wide range of annual and perennial plants including: melons, tomatoes, corn, and many other annual crops in China, Pakistan, India, Mexico, and Brazil; pistachio trees in Iran, mesquite, acacia, and eucalyptus in Pakistan, fruit trees in Mexico, India, and Brazil, and palo verde in the California desert. In our test gardens in California, Arizona, and New Mexico and research we have found that most plants are very compatible with clay pot irrigation. Make 530 pits per hectare (210 pits per acre), each pit 70 cm (24 inches) across and 12 cm (5 inches) deep. To each pit add 18 kilograms (38 lbs.) of manure. Mix the manure well with an equal amount of earth. Bury an earthen jar of 6 liters (1.5 gallons) capacity in the center of the pit. Let its mouth be level with the ground. Fill the jar with water. Plant 4 melon seeds around the jar. Cover the jar with a tile. Fill the jar to the brink when the water level falls. Fan Sheng-chih Shu [2050 BeforePresent] Restora)onNote2011DavidA.Bainbridge

: Why We Need to Count Social and Environmental Cost for A Livable Future, 2023

Developing true cost accounting is essential. Growing interest and work in this field is inspirin... more Developing true cost accounting is essential. Growing interest and work in this field is inspiring and will make a difference. Even rudimentary calculations of the external costs and benefits will help lead to change. Transactions between consumers, companies, organizations and communities will be more sustainable and lead to a more positive future.

The sun was rising under then Governor Brown, alas it was not to last. With Reagan's election the... more The sun was rising under then Governor Brown, alas it was not to last. With Reagan's election the progress of the previous 6 years was undone and reversed. An opportunity missed - greenhouse gas emissions from buildings could have been cut 70-90% at no added cost.

Bikeway planning and design can influence user experience and the viability of bicycle based tran... more Bikeway planning and design can influence user experience and the viability of bicycle based transportation. This draft was completed and about 10 copies were printed. The bicycle experience in Davis played a major role in the design section. At the time about 50% of commute was by bike. Review for earlier version.

Village Homes Solar House' Designs, 1979

W. Langdon, ed. Movable Insulation, 1980

In J. Carter, ed. Solarizing Your Present Home., 1981

J. Carter, ed. Solarizing Your Present Home, 1981

J. Carter, ed. Solarizing Your Present Home, 1981

Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics, 1993

Restoration Ecology: The New Frontier, 2012

Teaching Green: The High School Years., 2009

Building Without Borders: Sustainable Construction for the Global Village, 2004

Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground, 1998

The Status Opportunity and Need for Agroforestry in the United States, 1997

Tropical Forests: Management and Ecology, 1995

Cut Waste: Not Trees, 1995

The California Desert, 1995

Environmental Restoration, 1990

Food and Farm, Current Debate, 1989

Agroforestry in California: Planning for the 21st Century, 1989

Global Perspectives on Agroecology and Sustainable Agricultural , 1988

California Passive Solar Handbook, 1980

Revue des livres. Ecoscience, 2001

Journal of Environmental Education, 2000

Journal of Environmental Education, 2000

Journal of Environmental Education, 2000

Ecological Restoration, 2000

Fields of Knowledge Infography web project, 2000

Journal of Environmental Education, 1999

Sierra Club Yodeler, 1986

San Francisco Chronicle, 1985

San Francisco Chronicle, 1984

CoEvolution Quarterly, 1982

CoEvolution Quarterly, 1977

CoEvolution Quarterly, 1977

This course reviews the foundations and principles of passive solar architecture and sustainable ... more This course reviews the foundations and principles of passive solar architecture and sustainable building It reviews the opportunities for more sustainable buildings that provide better comfort, more healthful conditions and increase productivity while improving management of resources, particularly energy, water, and materials. The goal of this course is to help students develop a better understanding of the practice of passive solar architecture, sustainable building, ecological economics, and approaches that can be used to manage resources more sustainably while improving the quality of life for people. Class activities will include lecture, lab, discussion, and field trips. Knowledge building and skill development in research, analysis, design and communication are key elements of this course.

This course reviews the scientific foundations and economic principles of sustainable resource ma... more This course reviews the scientific foundations and economic principles of sustainable resource management. Emphasis is placed on sustainable systems, applied ecology and practical resource management. Topics covered include: resource management policy, land use, tenure, forestry, agriculture, agroforestry, fisheries, and range management.

This course examines the impact of ethics on management, stakeholder identification and analysis,... more This course examines the impact of ethics on management, stakeholder identification and analysis, ethical considerations between an organization and its environment, social responsibility, and improving the bottom line. Ethics involves the relations between people, between people and community, people and animals, and people and the world.

If the wars of this century were fought over oil, the wars of the next century will be fought ove... more If the wars of this century were fought over oil, the wars of the next century will be fought over water. " Ismail Serageldin, Vice President, World Bank. 1995. David A. Bainbridge, Associate Professor Office: B-1

The course Yet at its heart, eco-industrialization is about the recreation of community… Ed Cohen... more The course Yet at its heart, eco-industrialization is about the recreation of community… Ed Cohen-Rosenthal This course will change how you look at the world, how you design and shape the spaces around you, and how you select and use time, tools, materials, and space. It provides a broad introduction to design and meeting human needs, covering how we interact with the environment around us, how to make things fit and feel better (ergonomics), improve productivity and health, substitute services for ownership, and use materials and manufacturing methods that are earth and people friendly. Methodologies for accounting for and the ecological costs of products and services will be included.

This course reviews the scientific foundations and principles of water use and management. This t... more This course reviews the scientific foundations and principles of water use and management. This topic will continue to be a critical issue throughout your lifetime. As Dr. Hillel notes, "There can be no peace in the MidEast without an agreement on water, and there can be no agreement on water until there is peace".

This course reviews the principles of leadership focused on the triple bottom line. This requires... more This course reviews the principles of leadership focused on the triple bottom line. This requires careful and thoughtful use of people, information, financial resources and the environment. The goal of this course is to help students develop a better understanding of the keys to leading organizations (from any level within an organization), inspiring change and transformation, using resources sustainably, and creating new business applications and opportunities.

This course reviews the scientific foundations and principles of environmental restoration. It wi... more This course reviews the scientific foundations and principles of environmental restoration. It will include the basics of ecology, ecosystem dynamics, field research and hands-on experience with practical restoration techniques. It provides a broad introduction to environmental analysis and repair in a wide range of habitats and countries. Ecological restoration is the process of renewing and maintaining ecosystem health. SER Board of Directors, 1995.