Journal of Interfaces, Thin Films and Low dimensional systems Alzahra University | Alzahra University (alzahra.ac.ir) (original) (raw)

Papers by Journal of Interfaces, Thin Films and Low dimensional systems Alzahra University

Journal of Interfaces, Thin Films, and Low dimensional systems, Dec 1, 2019

Here, we study the effect of the optical intensity, external magnetic field, well number and quan... more Here, we study the effect of the optical intensity, external magnetic field, well number and quantum ring thicknesses on the optical absorption of AlN/GaN constant radius multi-wells quantum rings. We show that when the intensity increases, the total absorption coefficient reduces. This fact is independent of the inner quantum ring radius Rin, magnetic field, and number of wells. The total absorption coefficient reduces monotonically when the number of wells increases. However, the system with Rin=400 Å at zero magnetic field is an exception. In this system, if the number of wells increases, the total absorption coefficient firstly decreases and then increases. By increasing Rin, the total absorption coefficient monotonically reduces. This monotonic decreasing behavior exists for systems with more number of wells and higher magnetic fields. At fixed Rin and for systems with greater number of wells and higher values Rin, the total absorption coefficient monotonically decreases when the magnetic field increases. Finally, at lower magnetic fields, the total absorption coefficient decreases more rapidly than in higher magnetic fields.

This study was an attempt to provide a simple solution processed synthesis route for Lead Selenid... more This study was an attempt to provide a simple solution processed synthesis route for Lead Selenide (PbSe) nanostructure thin films using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method which is commercially available in inexpensive precursors. In the CBD method, the preparation parameters play a considerable role and determine the nature of the final product formed. Known as two main factors, the effects of complex agent (PH) and time of reaction to the evolution of the configuration and the optical band gap of PbSe nanostructured with self-assemble arrays were investigated in this study. These preparation parameters were tuned to the effect that the nanostructured semiconductors had the band gaps of around 1.4 eV and they could therefore be used for the quantum dot solar cell. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy for energy band gap estimation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to morphology investigation as well as size distribution. The c...

In this study, we investigate the transparency of an overdense inhomogeneous plasma slab. This an... more In this study, we investigate the transparency of an overdense inhomogeneous plasma slab. This anomalous transmission is achieved when the conditions provided for the incident electromagnetic wave to excite coupled surface waves on the both sides of the slab. These conditions require that the homogeneous overdense plasma, or the metallic film, is placed between two dielectric layers. Here, the inhomogeneity of the plasma allows us to naturally establish the conditions by considering a specific shape for the geometry of the density profile. Within this profile, the density linearly grows up from the both sides of the slab and the corresponding dielectric permittivity simultaneously gains negative value. We obtain the exact solutions of the wave equations inside the plasma and study the conditions for the high transparency. The transmission losses due to the collision effects are also discussed.

In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze photovoltaic parameters according to the elec... more In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze photovoltaic parameters according to the electronic properties of InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well solar cells (MQWSC) under hydrostatic pressure. Finite difference techniques have been used to acquire energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions of MQWSC and the hole eigenstates are calculated via a 6*6 k.p method under applied hydrostatic pressure. All symmetry-allowed transitions up to the fifth subband of the quantum wells (multi-subband model) and barrier optical absorption are considered. The linewidth due to the carrier-carrier and carrier-longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering are also considered. A change in pressure up to 10 GPa increases the intraband scattering time up to 38fs for heavy holes and 40fs for light holes, raises the height of the Lorentz function, reduces the excitonic binding energy, and decreases the radiative recombination rate . The multi-subband model has a positive effect on the radia...

The statistical consequences of minimal length supposition are investigated for a canonical ensem... more The statistical consequences of minimal length supposition are investigated for a canonical ensemble of ideal gas. These effects are encoded in the so-called Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) of the second order. In the frame work of the considered GUP scenario, a unique partition function is obtained by using of two different methods of quantum and classical approaches. It should be noticed that here we consider the magnitude of the momentum in the deformed Hamiltonian of the model. In this way the model is different from the already existing model which does not have any signi cant result in quantum approach. In particular, the corrections to the thermodynamical characteristics such as the mean energy, the entropy and the density of states are achieved. The induced improvements manifest themselves at very high temperature limits. However it is shown that, if one apply the predicted observational bound on the GUP deformation parameter, the modi cations become more observable ...

In this work, a simple solution synthesis route for CoSe nanostructure thin films using the chemi... more In this work, a simple solution synthesis route for CoSe nanostructure thin films using the chemical bath deposition method is presented. The ions concentration role that affects the evolution of the nanostructure thin film configuration and optical band gap in CoSe nanoparticle arrays are investigated. The experimental data showed that the ions concentration can affect the optical band gap, surface topography, and configuration of a thin layer in the same way as they affect the optical band gap and thin film thickness. Derivation ineffective thickness method has been employed for optical band gap determination and index transitions without any presumption about the transition nature. The useful numerical data for characterization of the surface topography extracted from atomic force microscopy data has been examined. The influence of the ions concentration on the 3-D surface morphology of cobalt selenide (CoSe) nanostructure thin films prepared by the chemical bath deposition metho...

In this study, we investigate the dynamics of the Entanglement in a two- spin system with long- r... more In this study, we investigate the dynamics of the Entanglement in a two- spin system with long- range interaction.For this purpose, we use the negativity as the entanglement measurement. Using the time evolution operator, we obtain entanglement dynamics of the system at time t. We consider two different initial states and investigate the dynamical behavior of the system for all of them separately. Finally, we consider both J and D as a function of R and then study the time evolution of the entanglement in different R. We find that in the long range interaction, the R dependence of the dynamical behavior in the two systems is different. Depending on the initial states, the DM interaction and the magnetic field have any effect on the entanglement dynamics

In this research, the influence of Bi nanoparticles addition on the high temperature superconduct... more In this research, the influence of Bi nanoparticles addition on the high temperature superconductor BSCCO-2223 was studied. For this purpose, the samples were synthesized by the conventional sol-gel method. Then, the Bi nanoparticles with x= 0.00, 0.03, 0.06, 0.12wt% was added to BSCCO-2223. The structural characterization of all the samples was done by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD). Also, the microstructural and grain connectivity of the samples investigation by “Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope” (FE-SEM). In addition, the volume fraction of all the samples was estimated by using “Material Analysis Using Diffraction” (MAUD) software. These results showed that the sample with non-added Bi has the highest volume fraction of Bi-2223 phase (77.3%) compared to added samples with Bi nanoparticles. Furthermore, the FE-SEM photographs showed that when Bi nanoparticles addition increases, the porosity and voids increase.Therefore, the experimental results indicate that structur...

Spin-orbit interactions of exciton relativistic bound state at finite temperature in the framewor... more Spin-orbit interactions of exciton relativistic bound state at finite temperature in the framework of the projective unitary representation in the physics model with the Coulomb potential have been investigated. The ground state of the system in order to describe the temperature effect in the low dimension bound states environment has been defined. The bound state, with electron-hole pair, has attracted a great deal of interest in thin-film and nanophysics. The reality of the state has been the subject of intense concern among theoreticians and experimenters in recent years. Spin-orbit interactions of exciton are considered to be in an electron-hole pair bound state. The problem of spin interactions of coupled states based on the quantum field theory in its widest sense is a method to control and achieve reasonable goals. The structure of the interaction Hamiltonian with the Coulomb type potential at finite temperature is defined and then the mass and energy spectra of an exciton ba...

This paper has reported on the electrical and nonstructural of polymer-based materials in corpora... more This paper has reported on the electrical and nonstructural of polymer-based materials in corporation NiO (Nickel oxide) in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% by weight of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer. Nanocrystallites phases and properties were characterized with using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transfer infrared radiation (FTIR),Energy distribution X-ray(EDX) techniques and X-Map images, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) techniques.The dielectric constant of the samples has been calculated through measuring the capacity of the samples by application of GPS 132 A. Electrical property characterization was also performed with cyclic-voltameter (C-V) technique in TRIS solution (pH = 7.3, with the formula (HOCH2)3CNH2.

In this work, we have studied the miniband and minigaps of GaN/AlN constant total effective radiu... more In this work, we have studied the miniband and minigaps of GaN/AlN constant total effective radius multi-shells quantum dots (CTER-MSQDs) and Rings (CTERMSQRs).We have investigated effects of the Hydrogenic donor impurities, quantum dots and rings radii, and the number of wells on miniband formation by sub-band energy calculations. We show that in these systems, minigaps can be created and then disappeared when the number of wells increases. We observe that cylindrical CTER-MSQDs have one miniband more than the spherical CTER-MSQD. However, minibands of the cylindrical CTER-MSQD are wider. For cylindrical systems, the first minigap position can undertake a blue shift but for spherical systems, we can not observe this fact. The first minigap position undertakes moreblue shifts when the inner QD radius R1 increases. Thus, the number of wells, Hydrogenic donor impurities, and quantum dot & ring radii can be used as tuning tools to have a system with the typical number of minibands and ...

In the organic field effect transistors (OFETs) generation, the silicon gate oxide is 1-2 nm thic... more In the organic field effect transistors (OFETs) generation, the silicon gate oxide is 1-2 nm thick. A shrinking of this thickness down to less than 1 nm for the next generation will led to a couple of orders of magnitude increase in tunnelling as well as leakage currents. NiO-SiO2 can be used in a variety of devices, such as in circuit boards and detectors, including sensors, due to its porous structure. Owing to these specific properties, these composites attract the attention of many researches. The methods of sol-gel with using XRD (X-ray Diffraction) technique are used to determine the optimum conditions of obtaining composition and conditions of metallization. The obtained results show that increase in silicon oxide content in samples up to 10 wt. % lead to almost complete the recrystallization of nickel particles at 50 °C.

In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze an optical absorption coefficient according t... more In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze an optical absorption coefficient according to the electronic properties of InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well solar cells (MQWSC) under hydrostatic pressure. Finite difference techniques have been used to acquire energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions of InGaN/GaN MQWSC and the hole eigenstates are calculated via a 6*6 k.p method under the applied hydrostatic pressure. All symmetry-allowed transitions up to the fifth subband of the quantum wells (multi-subband model) and barrier optical absorption, as well as the linewidth due to the carrier-carrier and carrier-longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering, are considered here. A change in the pressure up to 10 GPa increases the intraband scattering time up to 38fs and 40fs for light and heavy holes, respectively, raises the height of the Lorentz function and reduces the excitonic binding energy. The multi-subband model has a positive effect on the optical absorption...

A tight binding approach based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approach has been used to calculate th... more A tight binding approach based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approach has been used to calculate the DC Josephson current for a lattice model for S-GNR-S junctions , for short junctions with respect to superconducting coherence length. We calculate the phase, length, width and chemical potential dependence at the Josephson junction and discuss the similarities and differences with regard to the theoretical and experimental results obtained for graphene. To make calculations on graphene, using a lattice model, we convert the graphene honeycomb structure to a brick lattice structure that does not change the lattice topology. Then, by removing several atoms from the lattice , we create the simple vacancy defects in the brick lattice and we also calculate Josephson current in the apparance of these vacancies .

JITL, 2022

In the present paper, we study the entanglement dynamics of a two-spin system with Heisenberg int... more In the present paper, we study the entanglement dynamics of a two-spin system with Heisenberg interaction and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We assume that both interior interactions of the system are time-dependent. We consider two different scenarios: In the first case, both Heisenberg and DM interactions are sinusoidal function (sin (ωt)). The findings show that if time-dependency of both interior interactions is the same, the quantum entanglement of the system presents more robustness and its temporal fluctuations reduce significantly over time. In the second case, DM interaction is considered as D ∝ cos (ωt). The findings imply that this kind of time-dependency causes the strong fluctuations of the entanglement, so that sometimes the correlation reaches zero. Therefore, in order to achieve a more stable entanglement over time, it is better that the time dependency of the Heisenberg interaction and DM interaction would be the same.

JITL, 2022

The time evolution of hard X-ray has been simulated using the NARX-GA hybrid neural network in th... more The time evolution of hard X-ray has been simulated using the NARX-GA hybrid neural network in the stable region of the plasma tokamak. Loop voltage and hard Xray measured by the tokamak diagnostics tools were selected as network inputs. The NARX network has been trained using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the time evolution of the hard X-ray up to 500 μs (MSE = 4.13 × 10) is accurately simulated. Increasing the confinement time is the particular purpose of applying tokamak to produce energy through fusion. The real-time application of this methodology brings us closer to this goal. Hard X-ray prediction can prevent plasma energy reduction. It can also reduce the severe damage caused by runaway electrons (RE) colliding with the tokamak wall. Early prediction of hard X-ray time evolution is critical in attempting to mitigate the REs potentially dangerous effects.

JITL, 2022

We study the effect of acceleration of the observer on the quantum Fisher information and entangl... more We study the effect of acceleration of the observer on the quantum Fisher information and entanglement using hybrid state. The two-partite entangled hybrid state is consisted of discrete (vacuum and single photon) and continues (coherent) variable states. When one of the observers (e.g., Rob) is uniformly accelerated with respect to the other partner, Alice, we find that quantum Fisher information has a more stable structure than entanglement. Results show that quantum Fisher information decreases with the increase of the acceleration but remains finite in the limit of infinite acceleration that is in contrast with entanglement. Moreover, the effect of acceleration is investigated on the value of two-mode squeezing.

JITL, 2022

A graphene based-hybrid plasmonic waveguide (GHPW) with unique geometric structure is designed fo... more A graphene based-hybrid plasmonic waveguide (GHPW) with unique geometric structure is designed for surface plasmon polariton guidance and modulation at the frequency area of 10 to 30 THz. The GHPW is consist of a graphene layer in the middle, a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) gating layer, and two interior dielectric delimiter layers and two exterior semi-cylinder Germanium substrates symmetrically embedded on both edges of the graphene. Because of the matchless semi-cylinder structure design, the electromagnetic wave interaction with graphene ultimate subwavelength SPPs strong confinement with long propagation length. Small normalized mode area of ~10 and long propagation length of 10.67-28.92 μm at Fermi energy of 1.0 eV is attained for SPPs modes propagation of the GHPW in the frequency bound of 10-30 THz and semi-cylinder radius R > 450 nm, respectively. By controlling the graphene Fermi energy, it is found that the structure has a modulation depth higher than 20 % for the frequency band of 10-30 THz and arrives at the peak of approximately 100 % at the frequency greater than 28.75 THz. To benefit from the great broadband MIR propagation and modulation efficiency, the GHPW may promise different MIR waveguides, modulators, photonic, and optoelectronic devices.

JITL, 2022

The Al zigzag sculptured thin film consists of two identical columns, the first nanocolumns (zig)... more The Al zigzag sculptured thin film consists of two identical columns, the first nanocolumns (zig) are oriented at the angle χ and the second nanocolumns (zag) are oriented at the angle (π-χ). The optical properties of these nanostructures were obtained using the transfer matrix method for linear sand p-polarized incident lights in the wavelength range of 300-1000 nm. The reflection and transmission spectra of the zigzag nanostructures with different arm numbers and lengths were obtained at different incident angles. The Bragg peaks begin to appear for zigzag nanostructures of more than 4 arms for s-polarized light at the angles greater than 30. For zigzag structures of 4, 8, and 16 arms, one, two, and three Bragg peaks were observed, respectively. However, for p-polarized light, no Bragg peak was observed at any of the incident angles. Also, for the zigzag structure of 8 arms for s-polarized light at 60 incident angles, the number of Bragg peaks increases with increasing the arm length. In addition, the peaks created in the wavelengths below 550 nm showed red shift while the peaks appeared in the wavelengths above 550 nm showed blue shift.

JITL, 2022

Sol-gel processes Flux pining and creep X-ray diffraction Zr nanoparticle BSCCO-Zr/Cu In this res... more Sol-gel processes Flux pining and creep X-ray diffraction Zr nanoparticle BSCCO-Zr/Cu In this research, the resistivity of the Bi1.66Pb0.34Sr2Ca2Cu3-xZrxO10+δ (Bi-2223) polycrystalline samples (x=0.0, 0.002, 0.0075, and 0.01) synthesized by the sol-gel method, has been investigated under magnetic fields. Also, the structural and morphological properties of ceramic superconductors have been studied by using Xray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) measurements. It is found that the Bi-2223 structural phase was formed more than other phases in the synthesized samples for x≤0.0075. Based on the resistivity measurements, it is understood that the TC decreases with the increase in the Zr doping and the second superconducting transition is seen for the x≥0.0075. The thermally activated flux creep (TAFC) model has been investigated in synthesized ceramic superconductors. Furthermore, the magneto resistivity behavior of all samples has been analyzed to determine the dependence of the pinning energy with applied magnetic fields and Zr doping. It is found that the pinning energy remarkably decreases with rise of the Zr doping. Therefore, the creeping of vortices and crossing the energy barrier occur more easily, thus the pinning energy is reduced by increasing the Zr doping. Moreover, a good agreement between the modified TAFC model and the experimental data is concluded for the synthesized compounds.

Journal of Interfaces, Thin Films, and Low dimensional systems, Dec 1, 2019

Here, we study the effect of the optical intensity, external magnetic field, well number and quan... more Here, we study the effect of the optical intensity, external magnetic field, well number and quantum ring thicknesses on the optical absorption of AlN/GaN constant radius multi-wells quantum rings. We show that when the intensity increases, the total absorption coefficient reduces. This fact is independent of the inner quantum ring radius Rin, magnetic field, and number of wells. The total absorption coefficient reduces monotonically when the number of wells increases. However, the system with Rin=400 Å at zero magnetic field is an exception. In this system, if the number of wells increases, the total absorption coefficient firstly decreases and then increases. By increasing Rin, the total absorption coefficient monotonically reduces. This monotonic decreasing behavior exists for systems with more number of wells and higher magnetic fields. At fixed Rin and for systems with greater number of wells and higher values Rin, the total absorption coefficient monotonically decreases when the magnetic field increases. Finally, at lower magnetic fields, the total absorption coefficient decreases more rapidly than in higher magnetic fields.

This study was an attempt to provide a simple solution processed synthesis route for Lead Selenid... more This study was an attempt to provide a simple solution processed synthesis route for Lead Selenide (PbSe) nanostructure thin films using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method which is commercially available in inexpensive precursors. In the CBD method, the preparation parameters play a considerable role and determine the nature of the final product formed. Known as two main factors, the effects of complex agent (PH) and time of reaction to the evolution of the configuration and the optical band gap of PbSe nanostructured with self-assemble arrays were investigated in this study. These preparation parameters were tuned to the effect that the nanostructured semiconductors had the band gaps of around 1.4 eV and they could therefore be used for the quantum dot solar cell. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy for energy band gap estimation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to morphology investigation as well as size distribution. The c...

In this study, we investigate the transparency of an overdense inhomogeneous plasma slab. This an... more In this study, we investigate the transparency of an overdense inhomogeneous plasma slab. This anomalous transmission is achieved when the conditions provided for the incident electromagnetic wave to excite coupled surface waves on the both sides of the slab. These conditions require that the homogeneous overdense plasma, or the metallic film, is placed between two dielectric layers. Here, the inhomogeneity of the plasma allows us to naturally establish the conditions by considering a specific shape for the geometry of the density profile. Within this profile, the density linearly grows up from the both sides of the slab and the corresponding dielectric permittivity simultaneously gains negative value. We obtain the exact solutions of the wave equations inside the plasma and study the conditions for the high transparency. The transmission losses due to the collision effects are also discussed.

In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze photovoltaic parameters according to the elec... more In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze photovoltaic parameters according to the electronic properties of InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well solar cells (MQWSC) under hydrostatic pressure. Finite difference techniques have been used to acquire energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions of MQWSC and the hole eigenstates are calculated via a 6*6 k.p method under applied hydrostatic pressure. All symmetry-allowed transitions up to the fifth subband of the quantum wells (multi-subband model) and barrier optical absorption are considered. The linewidth due to the carrier-carrier and carrier-longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering are also considered. A change in pressure up to 10 GPa increases the intraband scattering time up to 38fs for heavy holes and 40fs for light holes, raises the height of the Lorentz function, reduces the excitonic binding energy, and decreases the radiative recombination rate . The multi-subband model has a positive effect on the radia...

The statistical consequences of minimal length supposition are investigated for a canonical ensem... more The statistical consequences of minimal length supposition are investigated for a canonical ensemble of ideal gas. These effects are encoded in the so-called Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) of the second order. In the frame work of the considered GUP scenario, a unique partition function is obtained by using of two different methods of quantum and classical approaches. It should be noticed that here we consider the magnitude of the momentum in the deformed Hamiltonian of the model. In this way the model is different from the already existing model which does not have any signi cant result in quantum approach. In particular, the corrections to the thermodynamical characteristics such as the mean energy, the entropy and the density of states are achieved. The induced improvements manifest themselves at very high temperature limits. However it is shown that, if one apply the predicted observational bound on the GUP deformation parameter, the modi cations become more observable ...

In this work, a simple solution synthesis route for CoSe nanostructure thin films using the chemi... more In this work, a simple solution synthesis route for CoSe nanostructure thin films using the chemical bath deposition method is presented. The ions concentration role that affects the evolution of the nanostructure thin film configuration and optical band gap in CoSe nanoparticle arrays are investigated. The experimental data showed that the ions concentration can affect the optical band gap, surface topography, and configuration of a thin layer in the same way as they affect the optical band gap and thin film thickness. Derivation ineffective thickness method has been employed for optical band gap determination and index transitions without any presumption about the transition nature. The useful numerical data for characterization of the surface topography extracted from atomic force microscopy data has been examined. The influence of the ions concentration on the 3-D surface morphology of cobalt selenide (CoSe) nanostructure thin films prepared by the chemical bath deposition metho...

In this study, we investigate the dynamics of the Entanglement in a two- spin system with long- r... more In this study, we investigate the dynamics of the Entanglement in a two- spin system with long- range interaction.For this purpose, we use the negativity as the entanglement measurement. Using the time evolution operator, we obtain entanglement dynamics of the system at time t. We consider two different initial states and investigate the dynamical behavior of the system for all of them separately. Finally, we consider both J and D as a function of R and then study the time evolution of the entanglement in different R. We find that in the long range interaction, the R dependence of the dynamical behavior in the two systems is different. Depending on the initial states, the DM interaction and the magnetic field have any effect on the entanglement dynamics

In this research, the influence of Bi nanoparticles addition on the high temperature superconduct... more In this research, the influence of Bi nanoparticles addition on the high temperature superconductor BSCCO-2223 was studied. For this purpose, the samples were synthesized by the conventional sol-gel method. Then, the Bi nanoparticles with x= 0.00, 0.03, 0.06, 0.12wt% was added to BSCCO-2223. The structural characterization of all the samples was done by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD). Also, the microstructural and grain connectivity of the samples investigation by “Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope” (FE-SEM). In addition, the volume fraction of all the samples was estimated by using “Material Analysis Using Diffraction” (MAUD) software. These results showed that the sample with non-added Bi has the highest volume fraction of Bi-2223 phase (77.3%) compared to added samples with Bi nanoparticles. Furthermore, the FE-SEM photographs showed that when Bi nanoparticles addition increases, the porosity and voids increase.Therefore, the experimental results indicate that structur...

Spin-orbit interactions of exciton relativistic bound state at finite temperature in the framewor... more Spin-orbit interactions of exciton relativistic bound state at finite temperature in the framework of the projective unitary representation in the physics model with the Coulomb potential have been investigated. The ground state of the system in order to describe the temperature effect in the low dimension bound states environment has been defined. The bound state, with electron-hole pair, has attracted a great deal of interest in thin-film and nanophysics. The reality of the state has been the subject of intense concern among theoreticians and experimenters in recent years. Spin-orbit interactions of exciton are considered to be in an electron-hole pair bound state. The problem of spin interactions of coupled states based on the quantum field theory in its widest sense is a method to control and achieve reasonable goals. The structure of the interaction Hamiltonian with the Coulomb type potential at finite temperature is defined and then the mass and energy spectra of an exciton ba...

This paper has reported on the electrical and nonstructural of polymer-based materials in corpora... more This paper has reported on the electrical and nonstructural of polymer-based materials in corporation NiO (Nickel oxide) in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% by weight of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) polymer. Nanocrystallites phases and properties were characterized with using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transfer infrared radiation (FTIR),Energy distribution X-ray(EDX) techniques and X-Map images, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) techniques.The dielectric constant of the samples has been calculated through measuring the capacity of the samples by application of GPS 132 A. Electrical property characterization was also performed with cyclic-voltameter (C-V) technique in TRIS solution (pH = 7.3, with the formula (HOCH2)3CNH2.

In this work, we have studied the miniband and minigaps of GaN/AlN constant total effective radiu... more In this work, we have studied the miniband and minigaps of GaN/AlN constant total effective radius multi-shells quantum dots (CTER-MSQDs) and Rings (CTERMSQRs).We have investigated effects of the Hydrogenic donor impurities, quantum dots and rings radii, and the number of wells on miniband formation by sub-band energy calculations. We show that in these systems, minigaps can be created and then disappeared when the number of wells increases. We observe that cylindrical CTER-MSQDs have one miniband more than the spherical CTER-MSQD. However, minibands of the cylindrical CTER-MSQD are wider. For cylindrical systems, the first minigap position can undertake a blue shift but for spherical systems, we can not observe this fact. The first minigap position undertakes moreblue shifts when the inner QD radius R1 increases. Thus, the number of wells, Hydrogenic donor impurities, and quantum dot & ring radii can be used as tuning tools to have a system with the typical number of minibands and ...

In the organic field effect transistors (OFETs) generation, the silicon gate oxide is 1-2 nm thic... more In the organic field effect transistors (OFETs) generation, the silicon gate oxide is 1-2 nm thick. A shrinking of this thickness down to less than 1 nm for the next generation will led to a couple of orders of magnitude increase in tunnelling as well as leakage currents. NiO-SiO2 can be used in a variety of devices, such as in circuit boards and detectors, including sensors, due to its porous structure. Owing to these specific properties, these composites attract the attention of many researches. The methods of sol-gel with using XRD (X-ray Diffraction) technique are used to determine the optimum conditions of obtaining composition and conditions of metallization. The obtained results show that increase in silicon oxide content in samples up to 10 wt. % lead to almost complete the recrystallization of nickel particles at 50 °C.

In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze an optical absorption coefficient according t... more In this paper, a numerical model is used to analyze an optical absorption coefficient according to the electronic properties of InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well solar cells (MQWSC) under hydrostatic pressure. Finite difference techniques have been used to acquire energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions of InGaN/GaN MQWSC and the hole eigenstates are calculated via a 6*6 k.p method under the applied hydrostatic pressure. All symmetry-allowed transitions up to the fifth subband of the quantum wells (multi-subband model) and barrier optical absorption, as well as the linewidth due to the carrier-carrier and carrier-longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering, are considered here. A change in the pressure up to 10 GPa increases the intraband scattering time up to 38fs and 40fs for light and heavy holes, respectively, raises the height of the Lorentz function and reduces the excitonic binding energy. The multi-subband model has a positive effect on the optical absorption...

A tight binding approach based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approach has been used to calculate th... more A tight binding approach based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approach has been used to calculate the DC Josephson current for a lattice model for S-GNR-S junctions , for short junctions with respect to superconducting coherence length. We calculate the phase, length, width and chemical potential dependence at the Josephson junction and discuss the similarities and differences with regard to the theoretical and experimental results obtained for graphene. To make calculations on graphene, using a lattice model, we convert the graphene honeycomb structure to a brick lattice structure that does not change the lattice topology. Then, by removing several atoms from the lattice , we create the simple vacancy defects in the brick lattice and we also calculate Josephson current in the apparance of these vacancies .

JITL, 2022

In the present paper, we study the entanglement dynamics of a two-spin system with Heisenberg int... more In the present paper, we study the entanglement dynamics of a two-spin system with Heisenberg interaction and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We assume that both interior interactions of the system are time-dependent. We consider two different scenarios: In the first case, both Heisenberg and DM interactions are sinusoidal function (sin (ωt)). The findings show that if time-dependency of both interior interactions is the same, the quantum entanglement of the system presents more robustness and its temporal fluctuations reduce significantly over time. In the second case, DM interaction is considered as D ∝ cos (ωt). The findings imply that this kind of time-dependency causes the strong fluctuations of the entanglement, so that sometimes the correlation reaches zero. Therefore, in order to achieve a more stable entanglement over time, it is better that the time dependency of the Heisenberg interaction and DM interaction would be the same.

JITL, 2022

The time evolution of hard X-ray has been simulated using the NARX-GA hybrid neural network in th... more The time evolution of hard X-ray has been simulated using the NARX-GA hybrid neural network in the stable region of the plasma tokamak. Loop voltage and hard Xray measured by the tokamak diagnostics tools were selected as network inputs. The NARX network has been trained using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the time evolution of the hard X-ray up to 500 μs (MSE = 4.13 × 10) is accurately simulated. Increasing the confinement time is the particular purpose of applying tokamak to produce energy through fusion. The real-time application of this methodology brings us closer to this goal. Hard X-ray prediction can prevent plasma energy reduction. It can also reduce the severe damage caused by runaway electrons (RE) colliding with the tokamak wall. Early prediction of hard X-ray time evolution is critical in attempting to mitigate the REs potentially dangerous effects.

JITL, 2022

We study the effect of acceleration of the observer on the quantum Fisher information and entangl... more We study the effect of acceleration of the observer on the quantum Fisher information and entanglement using hybrid state. The two-partite entangled hybrid state is consisted of discrete (vacuum and single photon) and continues (coherent) variable states. When one of the observers (e.g., Rob) is uniformly accelerated with respect to the other partner, Alice, we find that quantum Fisher information has a more stable structure than entanglement. Results show that quantum Fisher information decreases with the increase of the acceleration but remains finite in the limit of infinite acceleration that is in contrast with entanglement. Moreover, the effect of acceleration is investigated on the value of two-mode squeezing.

JITL, 2022

A graphene based-hybrid plasmonic waveguide (GHPW) with unique geometric structure is designed fo... more A graphene based-hybrid plasmonic waveguide (GHPW) with unique geometric structure is designed for surface plasmon polariton guidance and modulation at the frequency area of 10 to 30 THz. The GHPW is consist of a graphene layer in the middle, a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) gating layer, and two interior dielectric delimiter layers and two exterior semi-cylinder Germanium substrates symmetrically embedded on both edges of the graphene. Because of the matchless semi-cylinder structure design, the electromagnetic wave interaction with graphene ultimate subwavelength SPPs strong confinement with long propagation length. Small normalized mode area of ~10 and long propagation length of 10.67-28.92 μm at Fermi energy of 1.0 eV is attained for SPPs modes propagation of the GHPW in the frequency bound of 10-30 THz and semi-cylinder radius R > 450 nm, respectively. By controlling the graphene Fermi energy, it is found that the structure has a modulation depth higher than 20 % for the frequency band of 10-30 THz and arrives at the peak of approximately 100 % at the frequency greater than 28.75 THz. To benefit from the great broadband MIR propagation and modulation efficiency, the GHPW may promise different MIR waveguides, modulators, photonic, and optoelectronic devices.

JITL, 2022

The Al zigzag sculptured thin film consists of two identical columns, the first nanocolumns (zig)... more The Al zigzag sculptured thin film consists of two identical columns, the first nanocolumns (zig) are oriented at the angle χ and the second nanocolumns (zag) are oriented at the angle (π-χ). The optical properties of these nanostructures were obtained using the transfer matrix method for linear sand p-polarized incident lights in the wavelength range of 300-1000 nm. The reflection and transmission spectra of the zigzag nanostructures with different arm numbers and lengths were obtained at different incident angles. The Bragg peaks begin to appear for zigzag nanostructures of more than 4 arms for s-polarized light at the angles greater than 30. For zigzag structures of 4, 8, and 16 arms, one, two, and three Bragg peaks were observed, respectively. However, for p-polarized light, no Bragg peak was observed at any of the incident angles. Also, for the zigzag structure of 8 arms for s-polarized light at 60 incident angles, the number of Bragg peaks increases with increasing the arm length. In addition, the peaks created in the wavelengths below 550 nm showed red shift while the peaks appeared in the wavelengths above 550 nm showed blue shift.

JITL, 2022

Sol-gel processes Flux pining and creep X-ray diffraction Zr nanoparticle BSCCO-Zr/Cu In this res... more Sol-gel processes Flux pining and creep X-ray diffraction Zr nanoparticle BSCCO-Zr/Cu In this research, the resistivity of the Bi1.66Pb0.34Sr2Ca2Cu3-xZrxO10+δ (Bi-2223) polycrystalline samples (x=0.0, 0.002, 0.0075, and 0.01) synthesized by the sol-gel method, has been investigated under magnetic fields. Also, the structural and morphological properties of ceramic superconductors have been studied by using Xray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) measurements. It is found that the Bi-2223 structural phase was formed more than other phases in the synthesized samples for x≤0.0075. Based on the resistivity measurements, it is understood that the TC decreases with the increase in the Zr doping and the second superconducting transition is seen for the x≥0.0075. The thermally activated flux creep (TAFC) model has been investigated in synthesized ceramic superconductors. Furthermore, the magneto resistivity behavior of all samples has been analyzed to determine the dependence of the pinning energy with applied magnetic fields and Zr doping. It is found that the pinning energy remarkably decreases with rise of the Zr doping. Therefore, the creeping of vortices and crossing the energy barrier occur more easily, thus the pinning energy is reduced by increasing the Zr doping. Moreover, a good agreement between the modified TAFC model and the experimental data is concluded for the synthesized compounds.