Tiago Moreira | Anhanguera Educacional (original) (raw)
Papers by Tiago Moreira
Chemosphere, 2011
This paper reports genotoxicity and toxicity data in water samples collected in Sinos River, an i... more This paper reports genotoxicity and toxicity data in water samples collected in Sinos River, an important water course in the hydrographic region of Guaíba Lake, Rio Grande do Sul State, south of Brazil. This river is exposed to intense anthropic influence by numerous shoes, leather, petrochemical, and metallurgy industries. Water samples were collected at two moments (winter 2006 and spring 2006) at five sites of Sinos River and evaluated using in vitro V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (cytotoxicity, comet assay and micronucleus test) and Allium cepa test (toxicity and micronucleus test). Comet and micronucleus tests revealed that water samples collected exerted cytotoxic, toxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects. The results showed the toxic action of organic and inorganic agents found in the water samples in all sites of Sinos River, for both data collections. The main causes behind pollution were the domestic and industrial toxic discharges. The V79 and A. cepa tests were proved efficient to detect toxicity and genotoxicity caused by complex mixtures. This study also showed the need for constant monitoring in sites with strong environmental degradation caused by industrial discharges and urban sewages.
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2006
Abstract: In a previous report, we found that a 5-min. delay in alcohol access increases ethanol... more Abstract: In a previous report, we found that a 5-min. delay in alcohol access increases ethanol intake in rats trained to self-administer 5% ethanol. To assess the effects of this delay on the motivation to self-administer ethanol, Wistar rats were trained on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement and presented with the 5-min. delay. There was no change in break point (6 presses/delivery), active (125 presses/30 min.) or inactive (10 presses/30 min.) lever presses after the 5-min. delay compared to baseline. However, response cessation occurred 10 min. earlier in this delay session compared to baseline indicating that consumption was accelerated by delayed access to alcohol.
Social Studies of Science, 2009
Health, 2009
- 'Little bottles and the promise of probiotics.', Health : an interdisciplinary journal for ... more 2009) 'Little bottles and the promise of probiotics.', Health : an interdisciplinary journal for the social study of health, illness and medicine., 13 (2). 219-234 .
Social Science & Medicine, 2006
Technological solutions to problems of knowledge and practice in health care are routinely advoca... more Technological solutions to problems of knowledge and practice in health care are routinely advocated. This paper explores the ways that new systems of practice are being deployed as intermediaries in interactions between clinicians and their patients. Central to this analysis is the apparent conflict between two important ways of organizing ideas about practice in primary care. First, a shift away from the medical objectification of the patient, towards patientcentred clinical practice in which patients' heterogeneous experiences and narratives of ill-health are qualitatively engaged and enrolled in decisions about the management of illness trajectories. Second the mobilization of evidence about large populations of experimental subjects revealed through an impetus towards evidence-based medicine, in which quantitative knowledge is engaged and enrolled to guide the management of illness, and is mediated through clinical guidelines. The tension between these two ways of organizing ideas about clinical practice is a strong one, but both impulses are embodied in new 'technological' solutions to the management of heterogeneity in the clinical encounter. Technological solutions themselves, we argue, embody and enact these tensions, but may also be opening up a new array of practices-technogovernance-in which the heterogeneous narratives of the patient-centred encounter can be resituated and guided. r
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2004
Abstract In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation... more Abstract In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation. After having gone through surgical intervention, patients are implicated within various types of medical work aimed at adjusting their bodies to post-operative social and material environments. My argument is that the process of re-establishment of a ‘self’ is mediated through a re-disposition of agency in the socio-technical ensemble upon which the patient depends immediately after surgery. Drawing on one year of ethnographic fieldwork in a neurosurgical clinic, and theoretical resources from science and technology studies, this paper is an attempt to describe how, within surgical post-operative practices, the relational dynamics of social and material components endorsed within those practices may re-institute patients’ sense of themselves, and re-organise their relationship with the world and other people. In surgery, the outcome of this dynamic process is the reorganisation of forms of agency for the patient. I will refer to this reorganisation as ‘detachment’. It is my contention that this research may contribute to the literature on the experience of chronic illness by specifying the socio-technical conditions for the local achievement of self and agency.
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2007
As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and ... more As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and meta-analyses -the compilation, selection and statistical analysis of pooled results from similar studies -are becoming an increasingly accepted method in the evaluation of healthcare technologies and interventions. We thus observe a proliferation of laboratories conducting this type of research. How is knowledge constructed in systematic reviews and meta-analysis in healthcare? Drawing on ethnographic data collected during 18 months of fieldwork in a research centre devoted to the development of evidence-based clinical-practice guidelines and systematic reviews, the paper argues that knowledge construction in secondary research in healthcare is structured upon a parallel process of disentanglement and qualification of data. In disentanglement, knowledge practices attempt to extricate data from the milieus in which they are commonly found (databases, texts, other research centres, etc.). In qualification, the focus of activities is on endowing data with new qualitiessuch as precision, unbiasness or 'fairness' -through the use of templates, graphical platforms and techno-political debates. The accomplishment of these two processes is fundamental to establishing the persuasive power that metaanalyses appear to have in contemporary healthcare politics.
Increased levels of glutamate and the subsequent activation of NMDA receptors are responsible for... more Increased levels of glutamate and the subsequent activation of NMDA receptors are responsible for neuronal damage that occurs after an ischemic or hypoxic episode. In the present work, we investigated the relative contribution of presynaptic and postsynaptic blockade of synaptic transmission, as well as of blockade of NMDA receptors, for the facilitation of recovery of synaptic transmission in the CA1 area of rat hippocampal slices exposed to prolonged (90 min) hypoxia. During hypoxia, there was a complete inhibition of field EPSPs, which was fully reversible if released adenosine was allowed to act. When adenosine A 1 receptors were blocked with the selective antagonist 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX), recovery of synaptic transmission from hypoxia was significantly attenuated, and this impairment could be overcome by preventing synaptic transmission during hypoxia either with tetrodotoxin (TTX) or by switching off the afferent stimulation but not by postsynaptic blockade of transmission with 6-cyano-7nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) or selective blockade of adenosine A 2A receptors. When synaptic transmission was allowed to occur during hypoxia, because of the presence of DPCPX, there was an NMDA receptor-mediated component of the EPSCs recorded in CA1 pyramidal neurons, and blockade of NMDA receptors with AP-5 restored recovery of synaptic transmission from hypoxia. It is concluded that impairment of recovery of synaptic transmission after an hypoxic insult results from activation of synaptic NMDA receptors by synaptically released glutamate and that adenosine by preventing this activation efficiently facilitates recovery.
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2013
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2009
It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. ... more It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. In this case, although the visual presentation will be degraded, the site should continue to be functional. We recommend using the latest version of Microsoft or Mozilla web browser to ...
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2007
As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and ... more As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and meta-analyses – the compilation, selection and statistical analysis of pooled results from similar studies – are becoming an increasingly accepted method in the evaluation of healthcare technologies and interventions. We thus observe a proliferation of laboratories conducting this type of research. How is knowledge constructed in systematic reviews and meta-analysis in healthcare? Drawing on ethnographic data collected during 18 months of fieldwork in a research centre devoted to the development of evidence-based clinical-practice guidelines and systematic reviews, the paper argues that knowledge construction in secondary research in healthcare is structured upon a parallel process of disentanglement and qualification of data. In disentanglement, knowledge practices attempt to extricate data from the milieus in which they are commonly found (databases, texts, other research centres, etc.). In qualification, the focus of activities is on endowing data with new qualities – such as precision, unbiasness or ‘fairness’– through the use of templates, graphical platforms and techno-political debates. The accomplishment of these two processes is fundamental to establishing the persuasive power that meta-analyses appear to have in contemporary healthcare politics.
Social Science & Medicine, 2006
This paper examines the relationship between sleep and health from a sociological perspective. Tw... more This paper examines the relationship between sleep and health from a sociological perspective. Two interrelated case studies are explored: the emergence of the category of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, nowadays the most commonly diagnosed sleep disorder, and the shaping of continuous positive airway pressure, the therapy of choice for sleep apnoea in contemporary clinical practice. Data were gathered through a historical review of relevant literature and observation of online patient discussion groups. The examples analysed show that although the social organisation of the relationship between sleep and health can be understood as a process of medicalisation, this framework is insufficient for understanding how researchers, clinicians and patients interactively deploy the knowledge, techniques and technologies through which different 'sleep problems' are understood and managed. By exploring the generative aspects of those processes of contestation and divergence within biomedicine it is possible to initiate a re-evaluation of the role of patients' identity in the transformation of sleep medicine and associated health technologies.
Social Science & Medicine, 2011
Explicit health care rationing or priority-setting is the use of institutional procedures for the... more Explicit health care rationing or priority-setting is the use of institutional procedures for the systematic allocation of resources within health care systems. With the establishment of priority setting systems in various countries in the past two decades, research has been conducted on their principles, methods and institutional aspects. This paper draws on the sociology of science and technology to propose an uncertainty-focused conceptual model of the relationship between knowledge practises and political processes in health care rationing. Taking a case-study approach, the paper explores the public controversy about whether dementia drugs should be available on the UK National Health Service. It shows how three aspects of the controversy - loose institutional framing, open membership and hybrid knowledge - worked together to enable the use of a 'pragmatic balance' between rules and cases. Placing this outcome within the space of possibilities suggested by the model, the paper suggests that accepting and fostering the exploration of uncertainty at the core of health care priority setting systems should provide those systems with increased social robustness.
Social Movement Studies, 2013
ABSTRACT
Revista de Saúde Pública, 2010
Routledge Handbook of Body Studies, 2013
Theory & Event, 2006
Valentine and an anonymous reader for their comments and criticism of this essay. All remaining f... more Valentine and an anonymous reader for their comments and criticism of this essay. All remaining faults are entirely our own. This essay is
Sociology of Health and Illness, 2004
In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation. After ha... more In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation. After having gone through surgical intervention, patients are implicated within various types of medical work aimed at adjusting their bodies to post-operative social and material environments. My argument is that the process of re-establishment of a 'self' is mediated through a re-disposition of agency in the socio-technical ensemble upon which the patient depends immediately after surgery.
Body & Society, 2008
In this paper we observe that, while critical studies of biomedical interventions on the ageing b... more In this paper we observe that, while critical studies of biomedical interventions on the ageing body have focussed on associated social and cultural reconfigurations of ageing and death, the epistemic practices of bio-gerontology have rarely been examined. Extending these rarer studies, we argue that changes in the scientific articulation of ageing processes and death over a longer historical period than has been considered hitherto offer important insights into the ontology of the emergent politics of "life itself".
BioSocieties, 2014
ABSTRACT
Chemosphere, 2011
This paper reports genotoxicity and toxicity data in water samples collected in Sinos River, an i... more This paper reports genotoxicity and toxicity data in water samples collected in Sinos River, an important water course in the hydrographic region of Guaíba Lake, Rio Grande do Sul State, south of Brazil. This river is exposed to intense anthropic influence by numerous shoes, leather, petrochemical, and metallurgy industries. Water samples were collected at two moments (winter 2006 and spring 2006) at five sites of Sinos River and evaluated using in vitro V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (cytotoxicity, comet assay and micronucleus test) and Allium cepa test (toxicity and micronucleus test). Comet and micronucleus tests revealed that water samples collected exerted cytotoxic, toxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects. The results showed the toxic action of organic and inorganic agents found in the water samples in all sites of Sinos River, for both data collections. The main causes behind pollution were the domestic and industrial toxic discharges. The V79 and A. cepa tests were proved efficient to detect toxicity and genotoxicity caused by complex mixtures. This study also showed the need for constant monitoring in sites with strong environmental degradation caused by industrial discharges and urban sewages.
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2006
Abstract: In a previous report, we found that a 5-min. delay in alcohol access increases ethanol... more Abstract: In a previous report, we found that a 5-min. delay in alcohol access increases ethanol intake in rats trained to self-administer 5% ethanol. To assess the effects of this delay on the motivation to self-administer ethanol, Wistar rats were trained on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement and presented with the 5-min. delay. There was no change in break point (6 presses/delivery), active (125 presses/30 min.) or inactive (10 presses/30 min.) lever presses after the 5-min. delay compared to baseline. However, response cessation occurred 10 min. earlier in this delay session compared to baseline indicating that consumption was accelerated by delayed access to alcohol.
Social Studies of Science, 2009
Health, 2009
- 'Little bottles and the promise of probiotics.', Health : an interdisciplinary journal for ... more 2009) 'Little bottles and the promise of probiotics.', Health : an interdisciplinary journal for the social study of health, illness and medicine., 13 (2). 219-234 .
Social Science & Medicine, 2006
Technological solutions to problems of knowledge and practice in health care are routinely advoca... more Technological solutions to problems of knowledge and practice in health care are routinely advocated. This paper explores the ways that new systems of practice are being deployed as intermediaries in interactions between clinicians and their patients. Central to this analysis is the apparent conflict between two important ways of organizing ideas about practice in primary care. First, a shift away from the medical objectification of the patient, towards patientcentred clinical practice in which patients' heterogeneous experiences and narratives of ill-health are qualitatively engaged and enrolled in decisions about the management of illness trajectories. Second the mobilization of evidence about large populations of experimental subjects revealed through an impetus towards evidence-based medicine, in which quantitative knowledge is engaged and enrolled to guide the management of illness, and is mediated through clinical guidelines. The tension between these two ways of organizing ideas about clinical practice is a strong one, but both impulses are embodied in new 'technological' solutions to the management of heterogeneity in the clinical encounter. Technological solutions themselves, we argue, embody and enact these tensions, but may also be opening up a new array of practices-technogovernance-in which the heterogeneous narratives of the patient-centred encounter can be resituated and guided. r
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2004
Abstract In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation... more Abstract In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation. After having gone through surgical intervention, patients are implicated within various types of medical work aimed at adjusting their bodies to post-operative social and material environments. My argument is that the process of re-establishment of a ‘self’ is mediated through a re-disposition of agency in the socio-technical ensemble upon which the patient depends immediately after surgery. Drawing on one year of ethnographic fieldwork in a neurosurgical clinic, and theoretical resources from science and technology studies, this paper is an attempt to describe how, within surgical post-operative practices, the relational dynamics of social and material components endorsed within those practices may re-institute patients’ sense of themselves, and re-organise their relationship with the world and other people. In surgery, the outcome of this dynamic process is the reorganisation of forms of agency for the patient. I will refer to this reorganisation as ‘detachment’. It is my contention that this research may contribute to the literature on the experience of chronic illness by specifying the socio-technical conditions for the local achievement of self and agency.
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2007
As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and ... more As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and meta-analyses -the compilation, selection and statistical analysis of pooled results from similar studies -are becoming an increasingly accepted method in the evaluation of healthcare technologies and interventions. We thus observe a proliferation of laboratories conducting this type of research. How is knowledge constructed in systematic reviews and meta-analysis in healthcare? Drawing on ethnographic data collected during 18 months of fieldwork in a research centre devoted to the development of evidence-based clinical-practice guidelines and systematic reviews, the paper argues that knowledge construction in secondary research in healthcare is structured upon a parallel process of disentanglement and qualification of data. In disentanglement, knowledge practices attempt to extricate data from the milieus in which they are commonly found (databases, texts, other research centres, etc.). In qualification, the focus of activities is on endowing data with new qualitiessuch as precision, unbiasness or 'fairness' -through the use of templates, graphical platforms and techno-political debates. The accomplishment of these two processes is fundamental to establishing the persuasive power that metaanalyses appear to have in contemporary healthcare politics.
Increased levels of glutamate and the subsequent activation of NMDA receptors are responsible for... more Increased levels of glutamate and the subsequent activation of NMDA receptors are responsible for neuronal damage that occurs after an ischemic or hypoxic episode. In the present work, we investigated the relative contribution of presynaptic and postsynaptic blockade of synaptic transmission, as well as of blockade of NMDA receptors, for the facilitation of recovery of synaptic transmission in the CA1 area of rat hippocampal slices exposed to prolonged (90 min) hypoxia. During hypoxia, there was a complete inhibition of field EPSPs, which was fully reversible if released adenosine was allowed to act. When adenosine A 1 receptors were blocked with the selective antagonist 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX), recovery of synaptic transmission from hypoxia was significantly attenuated, and this impairment could be overcome by preventing synaptic transmission during hypoxia either with tetrodotoxin (TTX) or by switching off the afferent stimulation but not by postsynaptic blockade of transmission with 6-cyano-7nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) or selective blockade of adenosine A 2A receptors. When synaptic transmission was allowed to occur during hypoxia, because of the presence of DPCPX, there was an NMDA receptor-mediated component of the EPSCs recorded in CA1 pyramidal neurons, and blockade of NMDA receptors with AP-5 restored recovery of synaptic transmission from hypoxia. It is concluded that impairment of recovery of synaptic transmission after an hypoxic insult results from activation of synaptic NMDA receptors by synaptically released glutamate and that adenosine by preventing this activation efficiently facilitates recovery.
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2013
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2009
It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. ... more It is also possible that your web browser is not configured or not able to display style sheets. In this case, although the visual presentation will be degraded, the site should continue to be functional. We recommend using the latest version of Microsoft or Mozilla web browser to ...
Sociology of Health & Illness, 2007
As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and ... more As the volume of biomedical information escalates and its uses diversify, systematic reviews and meta-analyses – the compilation, selection and statistical analysis of pooled results from similar studies – are becoming an increasingly accepted method in the evaluation of healthcare technologies and interventions. We thus observe a proliferation of laboratories conducting this type of research. How is knowledge constructed in systematic reviews and meta-analysis in healthcare? Drawing on ethnographic data collected during 18 months of fieldwork in a research centre devoted to the development of evidence-based clinical-practice guidelines and systematic reviews, the paper argues that knowledge construction in secondary research in healthcare is structured upon a parallel process of disentanglement and qualification of data. In disentanglement, knowledge practices attempt to extricate data from the milieus in which they are commonly found (databases, texts, other research centres, etc.). In qualification, the focus of activities is on endowing data with new qualities – such as precision, unbiasness or ‘fairness’– through the use of templates, graphical platforms and techno-political debates. The accomplishment of these two processes is fundamental to establishing the persuasive power that meta-analyses appear to have in contemporary healthcare politics.
Social Science & Medicine, 2006
This paper examines the relationship between sleep and health from a sociological perspective. Tw... more This paper examines the relationship between sleep and health from a sociological perspective. Two interrelated case studies are explored: the emergence of the category of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, nowadays the most commonly diagnosed sleep disorder, and the shaping of continuous positive airway pressure, the therapy of choice for sleep apnoea in contemporary clinical practice. Data were gathered through a historical review of relevant literature and observation of online patient discussion groups. The examples analysed show that although the social organisation of the relationship between sleep and health can be understood as a process of medicalisation, this framework is insufficient for understanding how researchers, clinicians and patients interactively deploy the knowledge, techniques and technologies through which different 'sleep problems' are understood and managed. By exploring the generative aspects of those processes of contestation and divergence within biomedicine it is possible to initiate a re-evaluation of the role of patients' identity in the transformation of sleep medicine and associated health technologies.
Social Science & Medicine, 2011
Explicit health care rationing or priority-setting is the use of institutional procedures for the... more Explicit health care rationing or priority-setting is the use of institutional procedures for the systematic allocation of resources within health care systems. With the establishment of priority setting systems in various countries in the past two decades, research has been conducted on their principles, methods and institutional aspects. This paper draws on the sociology of science and technology to propose an uncertainty-focused conceptual model of the relationship between knowledge practises and political processes in health care rationing. Taking a case-study approach, the paper explores the public controversy about whether dementia drugs should be available on the UK National Health Service. It shows how three aspects of the controversy - loose institutional framing, open membership and hybrid knowledge - worked together to enable the use of a 'pragmatic balance' between rules and cases. Placing this outcome within the space of possibilities suggested by the model, the paper suggests that accepting and fostering the exploration of uncertainty at the core of health care priority setting systems should provide those systems with increased social robustness.
Social Movement Studies, 2013
ABSTRACT
Revista de Saúde Pública, 2010
Routledge Handbook of Body Studies, 2013
Theory & Event, 2006
Valentine and an anonymous reader for their comments and criticism of this essay. All remaining f... more Valentine and an anonymous reader for their comments and criticism of this essay. All remaining faults are entirely our own. This essay is
Sociology of Health and Illness, 2004
In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation. After ha... more In this article, I describe the socio-technical organisation of surgical rehabilitation. After having gone through surgical intervention, patients are implicated within various types of medical work aimed at adjusting their bodies to post-operative social and material environments. My argument is that the process of re-establishment of a 'self' is mediated through a re-disposition of agency in the socio-technical ensemble upon which the patient depends immediately after surgery.
Body & Society, 2008
In this paper we observe that, while critical studies of biomedical interventions on the ageing b... more In this paper we observe that, while critical studies of biomedical interventions on the ageing body have focussed on associated social and cultural reconfigurations of ageing and death, the epistemic practices of bio-gerontology have rarely been examined. Extending these rarer studies, we argue that changes in the scientific articulation of ageing processes and death over a longer historical period than has been considered hitherto offer important insights into the ontology of the emergent politics of "life itself".
BioSocieties, 2014
ABSTRACT