Nazgol Hafizi | Arkin University of Creative Arts and Design (ARUCAD) (original) (raw)
Original Articles by Nazgol Hafizi
his study’s main goal is to assess how augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologi... more his study’s main goal is to assess how augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies affect the architectural design process in a learning environment. Enhancing spatial awareness, advancing design communication and encouraging design experimentation are the main goals. This study promotes the reform of design education by incorporating AR/VR technology into architectural programs.
Energies
As one of the most critical considerations in the contemporary era, sustainability heightens the ... more As one of the most critical considerations in the contemporary era, sustainability heightens the need to find more suitable solutions for architectural designs. Climate adaptive building shells (CABS) are among the most promising alternatives for achieving sustainability goals by reducing energy consumption. Regardless of technological developments, this type of system has a reputation for increasing the distraction of occupants and consequently decreasing their satisfaction level. This research has been developed to focus on the occupant-centric study rather than technological advancements of the system. This study introduces the user–façade interaction scenarios and applies this classification on CABS office buildings. The purpose of this study is to introduce a new multi-domain taxonomy for CABS office buildings and update the database of this system by adding a new variable focusing on occupants. The study was designed on the foundation found with PRISMA methodology which highli...
International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability, 2022
In recent decades, the value of architecture become more due to its importance for reducing detri... more In recent decades, the value of architecture become more due to its importance for reducing detrimental effects on the environment and natural capital. To minimize the building's impact on the environment, architectural designs should be highly incorporated into the environment rather than behaving as a separate element focused on a single issue. To address this problem, different methods and design approaches have been introduced. However, exploring the natural solutions for survival can provide invaluable data which can address the human-caused problems. Throughout decades, nature has been survived and evolved. Biological solutions due to their adaptability and multi-functionality are great source of inspiration. This article with help of content analysis method aims to review the concept of biomimetic design in architecture. And proposes plant-inspired solutions for envelope design which can play significant role on buildings' energy efficiency. Thus, the plant-inspired concepts to be integrated on adaptive envelopes were studied. And a framework for concept generation introduced. Furthermore, a case study on an existing building envelope in the Mediterranean climate region presented and two plant-inspired techniques proposed and conceptually applied.
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Publications, 2021
Ornaments have been an element of architectural design for decades. They represented diverse sym... more Ornaments have been an element of architectural design
for decades. They represented diverse symbolic meanings at different
times, but the goal was always to make the building interact with
societies. Ornaments in architecture can be observed reappearing
after the modernist movement. Still with the same fundamental
purpose of communicating, but in various formats this time. The look
of ornamentation altered in the digital era and contemporary
architecture, due to technology improvement and computer
assistance. Contemporary ornaments are no longer an afterthought
to the building, but rather form the whole façade structure. As a
result, the distinction between architecture and adornment in modern
building is blurred. This gives the building the capacity to
communicate several symbolic meanings and provide a multi-sensory
experience for people. This article attempted to provide a historical
overview of ornaments in architecture, from their origins to their
return in the digital era and contemporary architecture. It has also
been attempted to decipher the language of contemporary ornament
and the role of technology in it. Later, several effective cases of
contemporary architecture were explored, which presented current
ornamentation by utilizing new technology, materials, and patterns.
Book chapter by Nazgol Hafizi
Internet of Things
In recent decades, the building and scientific research industries have experimented with adaptab... more In recent decades, the building and scientific research industries have experimented with adaptable facades to meet European energy efficiency standards. Climate adaptive building shells (CABSs) are one of the potential approaches for reaching the sustainability objective in the building industry. However, CABS components frequently fail to satisfy occupant demands, resulting in significant levels of occupant discontent. As a result, when evaluating the facade adaptation for indoor environment quality (IEQ) and occupant satisfaction, comprehensive real-time data collection is critical. Indoor air quality (IAQ) is essential for occupant comfort; however, few studies have focused on this topic. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprised of sensors and actuators, often known as the Internet of Things (IoT), have been incorporated into building systems in recent years. To date, most IoT solutions have been created to adapt to environmental conditions, with lighting and thermal being the primary actuator targets. This research intends to provide a thorough assessment of current IoT advancements for IAQ control to improve occupant satisfaction by stressing the relevance of IAQ domains. In this way, this qualitative research offers an in-depth literature assessment, highlighting the need for more research in this area to improve occupant satisfaction in CABS-designed buildings. Finally, the study proposes an initial framework of indoor air quality monitoring (IAQM) for CABS based on IoT principles. With the integration of this model into the design process of CABS, IAQ can become one of the facade adaptation parameters, improving occupants’ comfort and satisfaction.
Conference Presentations by Nazgol Hafizi
The growing use of smart technologies in buildings highlight the crucial need to prioritize effic... more The growing use of smart technologies in buildings highlight the crucial need to prioritize efficient energy use and management, especially in architectural design. This research explores the convergence of contemporary architectural approaches and advanced technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and machine learning. Its aim is to review energy-efficient solutions specifically designed for smart residential complexes. The inquiry examines several aspects of energy optimization, including both technology improvements and architectural challenges. The incorporation of smart grid technologies and the integration of renewable energy sources are examined as essential elements of architectural design with the goal of improving energy efficiency. The study aims to provide a thorough evaluation of the present state of incorporating intelligent technologies in energy management for smart residential complexes, focusing on architectural aspects. The objective is to provide information to architects, academics, and policymakers that are interested in efficiently optimizing energy usage in the changing environment of smart residential complexes.
Book of Abstracts for ICCAUA-2018, 2018
Due to increases in human population and in following increases on demanding the energy in any ty... more Due to increases in human population and in following increases on demanding the energy in any types and also after energy crisis in 1970s, finding ways in order to reduce usage of fossil fuels or decreasing destruction of forests getting extra importance. In other word, finding best ways in order to optimize the usage of the clean energies such as wind, solar and etc. is one of the first considerations in field of architecture. Studying and evaluating the utilization of the clean energies is not limited to contemporary architecture but also there are remarkable examples in vernacular architecture which can highlight the utilization of the clean energies for providing ventilation, cooling and etc. such as some parts of Iran. Iranian vernacular architecture is one of the considerable examples for getting benefit of clean energies. This study is evaluating performance of Persian vernacular architecture in terms of utilization of wind. In this manner it is tried to achieve brief review over Iran climatically regions which are effected by different types of wind, thus, it was a struggle to control and at the same time getting benefit of this clean source of energy. In this paper it has been tried to understand this problem, and pointing out the found solutions in order to provide comfort for users. To follow this goal, wind catchers (BADGIR) and mills which are two alternatives answers to this problem in Persian vernacular architecture were studied and evaluated more in details.
CONFERENCE OF CITIES IN A CHANGING WORLD: QUESTIONS OF CULTURE, CLIMATE AND DESIGN, 2021
In today's world sustainability and the energy consumption is without a doubt, one of the most cr... more In today's world sustainability and the energy consumption is without a doubt, one of the most critical issues in any field and field of architecture is not exceptional. Buildings as one of the big human footprints in the natural environment are playing a significant role in achieving the general goal of sustainability in cities. Among building components, building shells are the essential elements for accomplishing the mentioned goal. But due to the static conventional construction methods, during time achieving this goal has been difficult. Thus, designing a building shell which can answer the user's need, and reducing energy consumption is a complicated task. One of the proposed alternatives for building shell design in digital age, by the possibilities that technology developments can provide in this era, is Climate Adaptive Building Shells (CABS). Based on many studies documented in the literature, this system is offering solutions for reducing energy consumption and improving the building performance. But to achieve the ultimate sustainability, just concentrating on energy issue is not enough, and the user's satisfaction is another crucial point. In the study, it has been tried to discuss the need for focusing on this aspect of research. In this manner, the study is highlighting lack of investigation on Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) for Climate Adaptive Building Shells.
In all sectors, evaluating the product after it is in use has an important place. This evaluation has even extra importance in the digital area, since due to technological and digital developments user’s expectations are higher. But in the building sector, there is a lack of interest and concern for going back to the designs and evaluating it after
occupation. This lack of interest brought us to the point that the sector is facing many buildings with the same mistakes; this fact can clarify the importance of POE. As mentioned before, the lack of research on POE for CABS is even more significant and needs extra attention. In the second part of the study, it has been tried to find out all the developments and proposed conceptual models related to POE and CABS to give the broader perspective on the current situation of the field.
To sum up, this review based study which is part of the more comprehensive ongoing PhD study is highlighting the need to focus on POE for CABS by using PRISMA methodology. After clearing the lack of literature research, it has been tried to gather and review all the developments, proposals and models related to the same topic to explain the current situation of this research area.
Thesis by Nazgol Hafizi
Building development is one of the human activities with the greatest impact on sustainability. M... more Building development is one of the human activities with the greatest impact on sustainability. Many alternatives to address sustainability in architecture have been proposed in recent years and Climate Adaptive Building Shell (CABS) are one of the most promising solutions to date. CABS provide a response to this problem due to their adaptability and modifiability. Although CABS are promising solution for reducing energy consumption of the building, they have reputation for decreasing the occupant’s satisfaction. The examination of the CABS literature review using PRISMA methodology reveals that most of the research attention in this subject has been focused on economic and technological factors, while the occupant-centric study has been neglected. As a result, the fundamental purpose of this thesis is to conduct an occupant-centric study. The CABS literature and database were investigated in the first phase of this thesis. As a result, CABS office buildings were evaluated based on user-facade interaction types and scenarios to achieve the study's occupant-centric purpose. Finally, a new taxonomy for CABS office buildings that covers a wide range of topics was introduced. In the other hand, the literature review highlights the lack of research on occupants’ satisfaction, productivity and needs for this system. POE has traditionally been an effective approach for assessing user satisfaction. However, in its current state, this technique cannot fulfill the CABS's complexity and multi-domain properties. Thus, in second phase of study, after analyzing POE in general and identifying comfort characteristics, an attempt was made to design a unique POE model that can fulfill CABS requirements. As a result, a dynamic cloud-based POE was created within three main stages. In the first stage the model has been conceptualized with help of Human-Computer Interaction and Internet of Things Principles. The occupant-centered model tries to pinpoint the precise moment of discomfort. In the second stage, application of the model has been studied. For the Machine Learning of the model an active surrogate model with Artificial Neural Network architecture method has been applied. Lastly the relational data management system of the model has been studied. In last step the implementation of the model has been discussed. Finally, data assessment approaches for multi-criteria analysis and decision-making for CABS has been presented. The proposed model fills a gap in the literature of CABS studies linked to POE; nevertheless, due to a lack of recorded case studies on CABS, creating practical research on CABS for POE using proposed model is required.
Master Thesis , 2017
In today’s world, energy is one of the most important factors in each individual’s life, people c... more In today’s world, energy is one of the most important factors in each individual’s life, people cannot imagine their life without energy. Due to increasing human needs in different types of energy in everyday life, energy efficiency has become a significant issue, especially after the energy crises in 1970s. Thus, one of the main challenges in recent years is finding ways to use passive solar design strategies in order to respond to human needs. When it comes to architecture, again finding ways in order to benefit from passive systems become an important. This is especially valid for high rise buildings which consume huge amount of energy due to their scale and function. If their large facade areas are considered, they may provide great opportunities to make use of passive solar design strategies. Accordingly, Because of global warming that the Earth is facing today, if designed with passive solar design strategies, buildings could play a vital role in the reduction of energy costs during their life cycle. Although, there is considerable research on how to design sustainable facades, nonetheless, there is a gap in the literature relating to facade design in different climatic zones to minimize energy use. In order to achieve this task, high rise buildings in four major climatic zones are analyzed in terms of passive solar design strategies and materials utilized in the building. Meanwhile, the author’s main attempt is to make viewpoint of architects more clear about the influence of benefiting from passive design systems for façade of the high rise buildings. Thereby, this study is based on a theoretical research where relevant literature and selected case studies of Norman Foster have been reviewed to arrive at conclusion. On the other hand, it is mainly qualitative method of data collection. Finally, High rise buildings in vertically growing cities of Dubai, Frankfurt, Kuala Lumpur and Moscow for example need to be designed in accordance with passive solar design strategies so that maximum reduction in the energy costs can be achieved from manufacturing to operation stage of high rise buildings. Furthermore, the results of this study prove that high rise buildings can be energy efficient if appropriate passive solar design strategies are used in their design to make maximum use of natural light, ventilation, passive solar heating and cooling.
his study’s main goal is to assess how augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologi... more his study’s main goal is to assess how augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies affect the architectural design process in a learning environment. Enhancing spatial awareness, advancing design communication and encouraging design experimentation are the main goals. This study promotes the reform of design education by incorporating AR/VR technology into architectural programs.
Energies
As one of the most critical considerations in the contemporary era, sustainability heightens the ... more As one of the most critical considerations in the contemporary era, sustainability heightens the need to find more suitable solutions for architectural designs. Climate adaptive building shells (CABS) are among the most promising alternatives for achieving sustainability goals by reducing energy consumption. Regardless of technological developments, this type of system has a reputation for increasing the distraction of occupants and consequently decreasing their satisfaction level. This research has been developed to focus on the occupant-centric study rather than technological advancements of the system. This study introduces the user–façade interaction scenarios and applies this classification on CABS office buildings. The purpose of this study is to introduce a new multi-domain taxonomy for CABS office buildings and update the database of this system by adding a new variable focusing on occupants. The study was designed on the foundation found with PRISMA methodology which highli...
International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability, 2022
In recent decades, the value of architecture become more due to its importance for reducing detri... more In recent decades, the value of architecture become more due to its importance for reducing detrimental effects on the environment and natural capital. To minimize the building's impact on the environment, architectural designs should be highly incorporated into the environment rather than behaving as a separate element focused on a single issue. To address this problem, different methods and design approaches have been introduced. However, exploring the natural solutions for survival can provide invaluable data which can address the human-caused problems. Throughout decades, nature has been survived and evolved. Biological solutions due to their adaptability and multi-functionality are great source of inspiration. This article with help of content analysis method aims to review the concept of biomimetic design in architecture. And proposes plant-inspired solutions for envelope design which can play significant role on buildings' energy efficiency. Thus, the plant-inspired concepts to be integrated on adaptive envelopes were studied. And a framework for concept generation introduced. Furthermore, a case study on an existing building envelope in the Mediterranean climate region presented and two plant-inspired techniques proposed and conceptually applied.
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Publications, 2021
Ornaments have been an element of architectural design for decades. They represented diverse sym... more Ornaments have been an element of architectural design
for decades. They represented diverse symbolic meanings at different
times, but the goal was always to make the building interact with
societies. Ornaments in architecture can be observed reappearing
after the modernist movement. Still with the same fundamental
purpose of communicating, but in various formats this time. The look
of ornamentation altered in the digital era and contemporary
architecture, due to technology improvement and computer
assistance. Contemporary ornaments are no longer an afterthought
to the building, but rather form the whole façade structure. As a
result, the distinction between architecture and adornment in modern
building is blurred. This gives the building the capacity to
communicate several symbolic meanings and provide a multi-sensory
experience for people. This article attempted to provide a historical
overview of ornaments in architecture, from their origins to their
return in the digital era and contemporary architecture. It has also
been attempted to decipher the language of contemporary ornament
and the role of technology in it. Later, several effective cases of
contemporary architecture were explored, which presented current
ornamentation by utilizing new technology, materials, and patterns.
Internet of Things
In recent decades, the building and scientific research industries have experimented with adaptab... more In recent decades, the building and scientific research industries have experimented with adaptable facades to meet European energy efficiency standards. Climate adaptive building shells (CABSs) are one of the potential approaches for reaching the sustainability objective in the building industry. However, CABS components frequently fail to satisfy occupant demands, resulting in significant levels of occupant discontent. As a result, when evaluating the facade adaptation for indoor environment quality (IEQ) and occupant satisfaction, comprehensive real-time data collection is critical. Indoor air quality (IAQ) is essential for occupant comfort; however, few studies have focused on this topic. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprised of sensors and actuators, often known as the Internet of Things (IoT), have been incorporated into building systems in recent years. To date, most IoT solutions have been created to adapt to environmental conditions, with lighting and thermal being the primary actuator targets. This research intends to provide a thorough assessment of current IoT advancements for IAQ control to improve occupant satisfaction by stressing the relevance of IAQ domains. In this way, this qualitative research offers an in-depth literature assessment, highlighting the need for more research in this area to improve occupant satisfaction in CABS-designed buildings. Finally, the study proposes an initial framework of indoor air quality monitoring (IAQM) for CABS based on IoT principles. With the integration of this model into the design process of CABS, IAQ can become one of the facade adaptation parameters, improving occupants’ comfort and satisfaction.
The growing use of smart technologies in buildings highlight the crucial need to prioritize effic... more The growing use of smart technologies in buildings highlight the crucial need to prioritize efficient energy use and management, especially in architectural design. This research explores the convergence of contemporary architectural approaches and advanced technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and machine learning. Its aim is to review energy-efficient solutions specifically designed for smart residential complexes. The inquiry examines several aspects of energy optimization, including both technology improvements and architectural challenges. The incorporation of smart grid technologies and the integration of renewable energy sources are examined as essential elements of architectural design with the goal of improving energy efficiency. The study aims to provide a thorough evaluation of the present state of incorporating intelligent technologies in energy management for smart residential complexes, focusing on architectural aspects. The objective is to provide information to architects, academics, and policymakers that are interested in efficiently optimizing energy usage in the changing environment of smart residential complexes.
Book of Abstracts for ICCAUA-2018, 2018
Due to increases in human population and in following increases on demanding the energy in any ty... more Due to increases in human population and in following increases on demanding the energy in any types and also after energy crisis in 1970s, finding ways in order to reduce usage of fossil fuels or decreasing destruction of forests getting extra importance. In other word, finding best ways in order to optimize the usage of the clean energies such as wind, solar and etc. is one of the first considerations in field of architecture. Studying and evaluating the utilization of the clean energies is not limited to contemporary architecture but also there are remarkable examples in vernacular architecture which can highlight the utilization of the clean energies for providing ventilation, cooling and etc. such as some parts of Iran. Iranian vernacular architecture is one of the considerable examples for getting benefit of clean energies. This study is evaluating performance of Persian vernacular architecture in terms of utilization of wind. In this manner it is tried to achieve brief review over Iran climatically regions which are effected by different types of wind, thus, it was a struggle to control and at the same time getting benefit of this clean source of energy. In this paper it has been tried to understand this problem, and pointing out the found solutions in order to provide comfort for users. To follow this goal, wind catchers (BADGIR) and mills which are two alternatives answers to this problem in Persian vernacular architecture were studied and evaluated more in details.
CONFERENCE OF CITIES IN A CHANGING WORLD: QUESTIONS OF CULTURE, CLIMATE AND DESIGN, 2021
In today's world sustainability and the energy consumption is without a doubt, one of the most cr... more In today's world sustainability and the energy consumption is without a doubt, one of the most critical issues in any field and field of architecture is not exceptional. Buildings as one of the big human footprints in the natural environment are playing a significant role in achieving the general goal of sustainability in cities. Among building components, building shells are the essential elements for accomplishing the mentioned goal. But due to the static conventional construction methods, during time achieving this goal has been difficult. Thus, designing a building shell which can answer the user's need, and reducing energy consumption is a complicated task. One of the proposed alternatives for building shell design in digital age, by the possibilities that technology developments can provide in this era, is Climate Adaptive Building Shells (CABS). Based on many studies documented in the literature, this system is offering solutions for reducing energy consumption and improving the building performance. But to achieve the ultimate sustainability, just concentrating on energy issue is not enough, and the user's satisfaction is another crucial point. In the study, it has been tried to discuss the need for focusing on this aspect of research. In this manner, the study is highlighting lack of investigation on Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) for Climate Adaptive Building Shells.
In all sectors, evaluating the product after it is in use has an important place. This evaluation has even extra importance in the digital area, since due to technological and digital developments user’s expectations are higher. But in the building sector, there is a lack of interest and concern for going back to the designs and evaluating it after
occupation. This lack of interest brought us to the point that the sector is facing many buildings with the same mistakes; this fact can clarify the importance of POE. As mentioned before, the lack of research on POE for CABS is even more significant and needs extra attention. In the second part of the study, it has been tried to find out all the developments and proposed conceptual models related to POE and CABS to give the broader perspective on the current situation of the field.
To sum up, this review based study which is part of the more comprehensive ongoing PhD study is highlighting the need to focus on POE for CABS by using PRISMA methodology. After clearing the lack of literature research, it has been tried to gather and review all the developments, proposals and models related to the same topic to explain the current situation of this research area.
Building development is one of the human activities with the greatest impact on sustainability. M... more Building development is one of the human activities with the greatest impact on sustainability. Many alternatives to address sustainability in architecture have been proposed in recent years and Climate Adaptive Building Shell (CABS) are one of the most promising solutions to date. CABS provide a response to this problem due to their adaptability and modifiability. Although CABS are promising solution for reducing energy consumption of the building, they have reputation for decreasing the occupant’s satisfaction. The examination of the CABS literature review using PRISMA methodology reveals that most of the research attention in this subject has been focused on economic and technological factors, while the occupant-centric study has been neglected. As a result, the fundamental purpose of this thesis is to conduct an occupant-centric study. The CABS literature and database were investigated in the first phase of this thesis. As a result, CABS office buildings were evaluated based on user-facade interaction types and scenarios to achieve the study's occupant-centric purpose. Finally, a new taxonomy for CABS office buildings that covers a wide range of topics was introduced. In the other hand, the literature review highlights the lack of research on occupants’ satisfaction, productivity and needs for this system. POE has traditionally been an effective approach for assessing user satisfaction. However, in its current state, this technique cannot fulfill the CABS's complexity and multi-domain properties. Thus, in second phase of study, after analyzing POE in general and identifying comfort characteristics, an attempt was made to design a unique POE model that can fulfill CABS requirements. As a result, a dynamic cloud-based POE was created within three main stages. In the first stage the model has been conceptualized with help of Human-Computer Interaction and Internet of Things Principles. The occupant-centered model tries to pinpoint the precise moment of discomfort. In the second stage, application of the model has been studied. For the Machine Learning of the model an active surrogate model with Artificial Neural Network architecture method has been applied. Lastly the relational data management system of the model has been studied. In last step the implementation of the model has been discussed. Finally, data assessment approaches for multi-criteria analysis and decision-making for CABS has been presented. The proposed model fills a gap in the literature of CABS studies linked to POE; nevertheless, due to a lack of recorded case studies on CABS, creating practical research on CABS for POE using proposed model is required.
Master Thesis , 2017
In today’s world, energy is one of the most important factors in each individual’s life, people c... more In today’s world, energy is one of the most important factors in each individual’s life, people cannot imagine their life without energy. Due to increasing human needs in different types of energy in everyday life, energy efficiency has become a significant issue, especially after the energy crises in 1970s. Thus, one of the main challenges in recent years is finding ways to use passive solar design strategies in order to respond to human needs. When it comes to architecture, again finding ways in order to benefit from passive systems become an important. This is especially valid for high rise buildings which consume huge amount of energy due to their scale and function. If their large facade areas are considered, they may provide great opportunities to make use of passive solar design strategies. Accordingly, Because of global warming that the Earth is facing today, if designed with passive solar design strategies, buildings could play a vital role in the reduction of energy costs during their life cycle. Although, there is considerable research on how to design sustainable facades, nonetheless, there is a gap in the literature relating to facade design in different climatic zones to minimize energy use. In order to achieve this task, high rise buildings in four major climatic zones are analyzed in terms of passive solar design strategies and materials utilized in the building. Meanwhile, the author’s main attempt is to make viewpoint of architects more clear about the influence of benefiting from passive design systems for façade of the high rise buildings. Thereby, this study is based on a theoretical research where relevant literature and selected case studies of Norman Foster have been reviewed to arrive at conclusion. On the other hand, it is mainly qualitative method of data collection. Finally, High rise buildings in vertically growing cities of Dubai, Frankfurt, Kuala Lumpur and Moscow for example need to be designed in accordance with passive solar design strategies so that maximum reduction in the energy costs can be achieved from manufacturing to operation stage of high rise buildings. Furthermore, the results of this study prove that high rise buildings can be energy efficient if appropriate passive solar design strategies are used in their design to make maximum use of natural light, ventilation, passive solar heating and cooling.