IRINA ALEXANDRA Georgescu | The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies (original) (raw)
Papers by IRINA ALEXANDRA Georgescu
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016
This paper proposes a mixed model to study a consumer’s optimal saving in the presence of two typ... more This paper proposes a mixed model to study a consumer’s optimal saving in the presence of two types of risk: income risk and background risk. In this model the income risk is represented by a fuzzy number and the background risk by a random variable. Three notions of precautionary saving are defined as indicators of the extra saving induced by the income and the background risk on the consumer’s optimal choice.
El objetivo principal de este artículo es proporcionar una visión de conjunto del nuevo paradigma... more El objetivo principal de este artículo es proporcionar una visión de conjunto del nuevo paradigma universitario, con sus problemas (cientificismo, burbuja científica), y sus propuestas (incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, nuevas lógicas y métodos de docencia y estudio). Se presta especial atención al riesgo y la difusión en el aula. Para ello se aborda la cuestión desde diversos marcos: 1) analítico, en el que se plantean las teorías y modelos en curso; 2) empírico, en el que se exponen y explican experiencias valiosas; 3) experimental, donde se compilan una serie de ejemplos de buenas prácticas en el aula, las cuales han probado aumentar el rendimiento académico.
Journal of Business Economics and Management
Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, ... more Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, and environmental benefits. The idea of circular economy model is to consider feedback effects from proper waste management instead of one-way effects typical with the classical linear model. Several sectors of society contribute to circular economy and its monetary and environmental outputs in a sustainable way. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dependencies and causalities of circular economy and economic developments in the EU. The research objectives include testing (i) whether research and development (R&D) expenditure, GDP per capita and generation of municipal waste per capita influence the recycling rate of municipal waste, and (ii) whether R&D expenditure, generation of municipal waste per capita and the recycling rate of municipal waste influence the GDP per capita. The relevant indicators are obtained from Eurostat. The research methods of fixed effects and Tobit approac...
Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence
The environment theme has taken on considerable importance in consumer purchasing choices. Throug... more The environment theme has taken on considerable importance in consumer purchasing choices. Through voluntary environmental policy tools (product certifications, ecological labels and company certifications) the producers demonstrate their attention to environmental issues. The paper analyzed the environmental impacts, that is, the consumption of resources and emissions to the environment for a product of animal origin, analyzing the production process of the entire production chain of High-Quality milk of a leading Italian company. The Group has an integrated approach to quality policies that balances economic, environmental and ethical objectives throughout the food chain, from the farm to the consumer’s table. The analysis was conducted in compliance with the general rules of the Environmental Product Declaration Program and the specifications of the product group “Product Category rules 2013: 17 Processed liquid milk and cream - UN CPC code 221”, using the cycle analysis methodol...
Purpose: This study continues the series of previous research carried out by the authors on digit... more Purpose: This study continues the series of previous research carried out by the authors on digital transformation in the EU countries. It aims to identify and analyse the progress made by EU administrations in terms of digitization and effective governance in the period 2019-2021. Design/methodology/approach: Based on selected variables from Eurostat and the World Bank databases, the article provides insights into the dynamic changes that occurred in the EU in the period under consideration. The research employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering as the primary research methods to analyse the variations and correlations among 10 numerical variables selected from Eurostat and World Bank databases. Findings and Practical Implications: The results obtained through PCA show the impact of digitalization on government effectiveness. A comprehensive analysis of government effectiveness has been conducted using PCA, which reveals that the first two principal components account for 77.05% of the initial variance. A K-means clustering with four clusters reveals that the most significant and noteworthy increase in digitalization and government effectiveness in the EU is achieved by the Nordic countries, which exhibit high levels of digitalization and government efficiency.
Procedia Economics and Finance, 2014
In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to ve... more In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to verify the action of the Miller-Modigliani theorems: Mahagaonkar-Qiu procedures that test the effects of the capital structure on the market value of the firm and the effects of the financial leverage on the weighted average cost of capital; another econometric model which tests contemporaneous and delayed effects of total debts on the market value of the firm. In order to apply Mahagaonkar-Qiu methodologies and, because of the fact that in Romanian farms there is a high heterogeneity from the point of view of the physical capital endowment and of the exploitation surfaces, we have to perform clustering analyses using artificial neural networks of Self-Organizing Maps type, based on five financial indicators of the firm.
ADMINISTRATIE SI MANAGEMENT PUBLIC, 2021
Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in publi... more Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in public administration in all democratic states. The fact that information can be made public and accessible from anywhere, at any time, requires a new approach to the process of computerization of public administration. The objective of the research was to know the influence of ITC integration in the EU state administrations on corruption control in the period 2010 - 2019. We selected four relevant variables, which we integrated in a panel analysis including the 27 EU member states. Using STATA we made an econometric model on panel data and obtained interesting results from a scientific point of view. The results show that the integration of ICTs in the EU public administrations has significantly contribution to reducing corruption These results demonstrate the need to accelerate the digitization of administrations and create an integrated model of government cloud in the European administrat...
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15th INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE “Managing People and Organizations in a Global Crisis”, 2021
This paper explores the effects of attitudes on total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA).... more This paper explores the effects of attitudes on total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA). The data is obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor's Adult Population Surveys (APS) on the characteristics and motivations of individuals to start new businesses. The dataset consists, e.g., of individuals' entrepreneurial intentions, their perceived capabilities, opportunities, and risks as well as the share of female-male entrepreneurs. The time-series for 16 European and Latin American countries together with Taiwan and Iran cover the research period 2011-2019. All countries with long enough time-series data are included. The research methodology tests Random and Fixed Effects Models. The latter model becomes selected leading to a model explaining 95% (R 2) of the variation in TEA. The results of the rather heterogeneous sample of countries show that when individuals recognize their own capabilities to start and run businesses, they also have entrepreneurial intentions, which both have great significant positive effects on the early-stage entrepreneurial activity. Interestingly, fear of failure, which may prevent individuals to start a business, had also positive effects on TEA. This suggests that fear of failure goes hand-in-hand with the willingness to start new businesses. Further, testing the predictive power of the obtained Fixed Effects Model demonstrated it highly accurate. For future research, countries may be clustered by their attitudes and entrepreneurial conditions, which were not considered in this study, when timeseries analysis may reveal different set of indicators driving entrepreneurship, e.g.
Computational Intelligence, Theory and Applications, 2005
The revealed preference theory for a competitive consumer was developed by Samuelson [15] and Hou... more The revealed preference theory for a competitive consumer was developed by Samuelson [15] and Houthakker [11] and extended to an axiomatic framework by Uzawa [21], Arrow [1], Sen [16, 17, 18] and many others. If X is a universal set of alternatives then the rationality of a ...
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
In the paper there is studied an optimal saving model in which the interest-rate risk for saving ... more In the paper there is studied an optimal saving model in which the interest-rate risk for saving is a fuzzy number. The total utility of consumption is defined by using a concept of possibilistic expected utility. A notion of possibilistic precautionary saving is introduced as a measure of the variation of optimal saving level when moving from a sure saving model to a possibilistic risk model. A first result establishes a necessary and sufficient condition that the presence of a possibilistic interest-rate risk generates an extra-saving. This result can be seen as a possibilistic version of a Rothschilld and Stiglitz theorem on a probabilistic model of saving. A second result of the paper studies the variation of the optimal saving level when moving from a probabilistic model (the interest-rate risk is a random variable) to a possibilistic model (the interest-rate risk is a fuzzy number).
Journal of Business Economics and Management, 2022
Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, ... more Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, and environmental benefits. The idea of circular economy model is to consider feedback effects from proper waste management instead of one-way effects typical with the classical linear model. Several sectors of society contribute to circular economy and its monetary and environmental outputs in a sustainable way. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dependencies and causalities of circular economy and economic developments in the EU. The research objectives include testing (i) whether research and development (R&D) expenditure, GDP per capita and generation of municipal waste per capita influence the recycling rate of municipal waste, and (ii) whether R&D expenditure, generation of municipal waste per capita and the recycling rate of municipal waste influence the GDP per capita. The relevant indicators are obtained from Eurostat. The research methods of fixed effects and Tobit approach are used to study the statistical relevance of the two models. The pairwise causality of variables is tested by Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test. One result of the study is that technology development, by a decreasing life of products, leads to an increase of waste generation. Therefore, environmentally friendly technologies should be produced.
Administratie si Management Public, 2021
Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in publi... more Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in public administration in all democratic states. The fact that information can be made public and accessible from anywhere, at any time, requires a new approach to the process of computerization of public administration. The objective of the research was to know the influence of ITC integration in the EU state administrations on corruption control in the period 2010-2019. We selected four relevant variables, which we integrated in a panel analysis including the 27 EU member states. Using STATA we made an econometric model on panel data and obtained interesting results from a scientific point of view. The results show that the integration of ICTs in the EU public administrations has significantly contribution to reducing corruption These results demonstrate the need to accelerate the digitization of administrations and create an integrated model of government cloud in the European administrative space. In addition, the results of the research highlight the differences between EU states in terms of the impact of ICTs on government efficiency and economic development.
Procedia Economics and Finance, 2014
In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to ve... more In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to verify the action of the Miller-Modigliani theorems: Mahagaonkar-Qiu procedures that test the effects of the capital structure on the market value of the firm and the effects of the financial leverage on the weighted average cost of capital; another econometric model which tests contemporaneous and delayed effects of total debts on the market value of the firm.
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016
This paper proposes a mixed model to study a consumer’s optimal saving in the presence of two typ... more This paper proposes a mixed model to study a consumer’s optimal saving in the presence of two types of risk: income risk and background risk. In this model the income risk is represented by a fuzzy number and the background risk by a random variable. Three notions of precautionary saving are defined as indicators of the extra saving induced by the income and the background risk on the consumer’s optimal choice.
El objetivo principal de este artículo es proporcionar una visión de conjunto del nuevo paradigma... more El objetivo principal de este artículo es proporcionar una visión de conjunto del nuevo paradigma universitario, con sus problemas (cientificismo, burbuja científica), y sus propuestas (incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, nuevas lógicas y métodos de docencia y estudio). Se presta especial atención al riesgo y la difusión en el aula. Para ello se aborda la cuestión desde diversos marcos: 1) analítico, en el que se plantean las teorías y modelos en curso; 2) empírico, en el que se exponen y explican experiencias valiosas; 3) experimental, donde se compilan una serie de ejemplos de buenas prácticas en el aula, las cuales han probado aumentar el rendimiento académico.
Journal of Business Economics and Management
Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, ... more Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, and environmental benefits. The idea of circular economy model is to consider feedback effects from proper waste management instead of one-way effects typical with the classical linear model. Several sectors of society contribute to circular economy and its monetary and environmental outputs in a sustainable way. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dependencies and causalities of circular economy and economic developments in the EU. The research objectives include testing (i) whether research and development (R&D) expenditure, GDP per capita and generation of municipal waste per capita influence the recycling rate of municipal waste, and (ii) whether R&D expenditure, generation of municipal waste per capita and the recycling rate of municipal waste influence the GDP per capita. The relevant indicators are obtained from Eurostat. The research methods of fixed effects and Tobit approac...
Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence
The environment theme has taken on considerable importance in consumer purchasing choices. Throug... more The environment theme has taken on considerable importance in consumer purchasing choices. Through voluntary environmental policy tools (product certifications, ecological labels and company certifications) the producers demonstrate their attention to environmental issues. The paper analyzed the environmental impacts, that is, the consumption of resources and emissions to the environment for a product of animal origin, analyzing the production process of the entire production chain of High-Quality milk of a leading Italian company. The Group has an integrated approach to quality policies that balances economic, environmental and ethical objectives throughout the food chain, from the farm to the consumer’s table. The analysis was conducted in compliance with the general rules of the Environmental Product Declaration Program and the specifications of the product group “Product Category rules 2013: 17 Processed liquid milk and cream - UN CPC code 221”, using the cycle analysis methodol...
Purpose: This study continues the series of previous research carried out by the authors on digit... more Purpose: This study continues the series of previous research carried out by the authors on digital transformation in the EU countries. It aims to identify and analyse the progress made by EU administrations in terms of digitization and effective governance in the period 2019-2021. Design/methodology/approach: Based on selected variables from Eurostat and the World Bank databases, the article provides insights into the dynamic changes that occurred in the EU in the period under consideration. The research employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering as the primary research methods to analyse the variations and correlations among 10 numerical variables selected from Eurostat and World Bank databases. Findings and Practical Implications: The results obtained through PCA show the impact of digitalization on government effectiveness. A comprehensive analysis of government effectiveness has been conducted using PCA, which reveals that the first two principal components account for 77.05% of the initial variance. A K-means clustering with four clusters reveals that the most significant and noteworthy increase in digitalization and government effectiveness in the EU is achieved by the Nordic countries, which exhibit high levels of digitalization and government efficiency.
Procedia Economics and Finance, 2014
In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to ve... more In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to verify the action of the Miller-Modigliani theorems: Mahagaonkar-Qiu procedures that test the effects of the capital structure on the market value of the firm and the effects of the financial leverage on the weighted average cost of capital; another econometric model which tests contemporaneous and delayed effects of total debts on the market value of the firm. In order to apply Mahagaonkar-Qiu methodologies and, because of the fact that in Romanian farms there is a high heterogeneity from the point of view of the physical capital endowment and of the exploitation surfaces, we have to perform clustering analyses using artificial neural networks of Self-Organizing Maps type, based on five financial indicators of the firm.
ADMINISTRATIE SI MANAGEMENT PUBLIC, 2021
Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in publi... more Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in public administration in all democratic states. The fact that information can be made public and accessible from anywhere, at any time, requires a new approach to the process of computerization of public administration. The objective of the research was to know the influence of ITC integration in the EU state administrations on corruption control in the period 2010 - 2019. We selected four relevant variables, which we integrated in a panel analysis including the 27 EU member states. Using STATA we made an econometric model on panel data and obtained interesting results from a scientific point of view. The results show that the integration of ICTs in the EU public administrations has significantly contribution to reducing corruption These results demonstrate the need to accelerate the digitization of administrations and create an integrated model of government cloud in the European administrat...
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15th INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE “Managing People and Organizations in a Global Crisis”, 2021
This paper explores the effects of attitudes on total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA).... more This paper explores the effects of attitudes on total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA). The data is obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor's Adult Population Surveys (APS) on the characteristics and motivations of individuals to start new businesses. The dataset consists, e.g., of individuals' entrepreneurial intentions, their perceived capabilities, opportunities, and risks as well as the share of female-male entrepreneurs. The time-series for 16 European and Latin American countries together with Taiwan and Iran cover the research period 2011-2019. All countries with long enough time-series data are included. The research methodology tests Random and Fixed Effects Models. The latter model becomes selected leading to a model explaining 95% (R 2) of the variation in TEA. The results of the rather heterogeneous sample of countries show that when individuals recognize their own capabilities to start and run businesses, they also have entrepreneurial intentions, which both have great significant positive effects on the early-stage entrepreneurial activity. Interestingly, fear of failure, which may prevent individuals to start a business, had also positive effects on TEA. This suggests that fear of failure goes hand-in-hand with the willingness to start new businesses. Further, testing the predictive power of the obtained Fixed Effects Model demonstrated it highly accurate. For future research, countries may be clustered by their attitudes and entrepreneurial conditions, which were not considered in this study, when timeseries analysis may reveal different set of indicators driving entrepreneurship, e.g.
Computational Intelligence, Theory and Applications, 2005
The revealed preference theory for a competitive consumer was developed by Samuelson [15] and Hou... more The revealed preference theory for a competitive consumer was developed by Samuelson [15] and Houthakker [11] and extended to an axiomatic framework by Uzawa [21], Arrow [1], Sen [16, 17, 18] and many others. If X is a universal set of alternatives then the rationality of a ...
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
In the paper there is studied an optimal saving model in which the interest-rate risk for saving ... more In the paper there is studied an optimal saving model in which the interest-rate risk for saving is a fuzzy number. The total utility of consumption is defined by using a concept of possibilistic expected utility. A notion of possibilistic precautionary saving is introduced as a measure of the variation of optimal saving level when moving from a sure saving model to a possibilistic risk model. A first result establishes a necessary and sufficient condition that the presence of a possibilistic interest-rate risk generates an extra-saving. This result can be seen as a possibilistic version of a Rothschilld and Stiglitz theorem on a probabilistic model of saving. A second result of the paper studies the variation of the optimal saving level when moving from a probabilistic model (the interest-rate risk is a random variable) to a possibilistic model (the interest-rate risk is a fuzzy number).
Journal of Business Economics and Management, 2022
Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, ... more Sustainable economic growth is desired to be achieved by governments targeting economic, social, and environmental benefits. The idea of circular economy model is to consider feedback effects from proper waste management instead of one-way effects typical with the classical linear model. Several sectors of society contribute to circular economy and its monetary and environmental outputs in a sustainable way. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dependencies and causalities of circular economy and economic developments in the EU. The research objectives include testing (i) whether research and development (R&D) expenditure, GDP per capita and generation of municipal waste per capita influence the recycling rate of municipal waste, and (ii) whether R&D expenditure, generation of municipal waste per capita and the recycling rate of municipal waste influence the GDP per capita. The relevant indicators are obtained from Eurostat. The research methods of fixed effects and Tobit approach are used to study the statistical relevance of the two models. The pairwise causality of variables is tested by Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test. One result of the study is that technology development, by a decreasing life of products, leads to an increase of waste generation. Therefore, environmentally friendly technologies should be produced.
Administratie si Management Public, 2021
Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in publi... more Developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to major changes in public administration in all democratic states. The fact that information can be made public and accessible from anywhere, at any time, requires a new approach to the process of computerization of public administration. The objective of the research was to know the influence of ITC integration in the EU state administrations on corruption control in the period 2010-2019. We selected four relevant variables, which we integrated in a panel analysis including the 27 EU member states. Using STATA we made an econometric model on panel data and obtained interesting results from a scientific point of view. The results show that the integration of ICTs in the EU public administrations has significantly contribution to reducing corruption These results demonstrate the need to accelerate the digitization of administrations and create an integrated model of government cloud in the European administrative space. In addition, the results of the research highlight the differences between EU states in terms of the impact of ICTs on government efficiency and economic development.
Procedia Economics and Finance, 2014
In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to ve... more In this paper we propose and apply three models on statistical data of some Romanian farms, to verify the action of the Miller-Modigliani theorems: Mahagaonkar-Qiu procedures that test the effects of the capital structure on the market value of the firm and the effects of the financial leverage on the weighted average cost of capital; another econometric model which tests contemporaneous and delayed effects of total debts on the market value of the firm.
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016