Monica Roman | The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies (original) (raw)
Papers by Monica Roman
Romanian migration is today one of the biggest, complex, and dynamic migration to Western Europe.... more Romanian migration is today one of the biggest, complex, and dynamic migration to
Western Europe. This paper is a comprehensive review of the existing literature that aims
at providing a full picture of this dynamic migratory process and discusses its far-reaching
consequences. It first presents and characterizes the Romanian migration through the
different phases during and after state socialism. The second part of the paper is dedicated
to unfolding the socio-economic effects of the Romanian migration addressing the
remitting behavior and its development over the past years. The issue of return migration
is also addressed stressing that return is not much developed, however it has significant
impacts through the emergence of returnees’ entrepreneurship. Finally we address some of
the consequences of the medical doctors’ migration which is today considered one of the
main migration challenges the country is facing.
Procedia Economics and Finance, 2014
This paper aims at evaluating the efficiency of public healthcare systems in Europe by applying a... more This paper aims at evaluating the efficiency of public healthcare systems in Europe by applying a nonparametric method such is Data Envelopment Analysis. For this purpose, statistical data for 30 European states for 2010 have been used. We have selected three output variables: life expectancy at birth, health adjusted life expectancy and infant mortality rate and three input variables: number of doctors, number of hospital beds and public health expenditures as percentage of GDP. Findings reveal that there are a number of both developed and developing countries on the efficiency frontier, while the great majority of the countries in the sample are inefficient.
Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2014
ABSTRACT The nonlinearity of the biotechnological processes and the absence of cheap and reliable... more ABSTRACT The nonlinearity of the biotechnological processes and the absence of cheap and reliable instrumentation require an enhanced modelling effort and estimation strategies for the state and the kinetic parameters. This work approaches nonlinear estimation strategies for microbial production of enzymes, exemplified by using a process of lipase production from olive oil by Candida rugosa. First, by using a dynamical mathematical model of this process, an asymptotic observer which reconstructs the unavailable state variables is proposed. The design of this kind of observers is based on mass and energy balances without the knowledge of kinetics being necessary; only minimal information concerning the measured concentrations is used. Second, a nonlinear high-gain observer is designed for the estimation of imprecisely known kinetics of the bioprocess. An important advantage of this high-gain estimator is that the tuning is reduced to the calibration of a single parameter. Numerical simulations in various scenarios are provided in order to test the behaviour and performances of the proposed nonlinear estimation strategies.
2011 Third Pacific-Asia Conference on Circuits, Communications and System (PACCS), 2011
Abstract-This paper deals with the problem of on-line estimation and nonlinear control of a waste... more Abstract-This paper deals with the problem of on-line estimation and nonlinear control of a wastewater treatment process, which takes place inside a biological Sequencing Batch Reactor. This bioprocess is highly nonlinear, the online measurements are lack and the ...
2011 12th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), 2011
Page 1. On-line Estimation of Unknown Kinetics for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Ampicillin ... Abst... more Page 1. On-line Estimation of Unknown Kinetics for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Ampicillin ... Abstract This paper deals with the on-line estimation of unknown kinetics for the enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin, that is carried out inside a fed-batch bioreactor. ...
Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2012
Nowadays, the use of advanced control strategies in biotechnology is quite low. A main reason is ... more Nowadays, the use of advanced control strategies in biotechnology is quite low. A main reason is the lack of quality of the data, and the fact that more sophisticated control strategies must be based on a model of the dynamics of bioprocesses. The nonlinearity of the bioprocesses and the absence of cheap and reliable instrumentation require an enhanced modeling effort and identification strategies for the kinetics. The present work approaches modeling and control strategies for the enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin that is carried out inside a fed-batch bioreactor. First, a nonlinear dynamical model of this bioprocess is obtained by using a novel modeling procedure for biotechnology: the bond graph methodology. Second, a high gain observer is designed for the estimation of the imprecisely known kinetics of the synthesis process. Third, by combining an exact linearizing control law with the on-line estimation kinetics algorithm, a nonlinear adaptive control law is designed. The case study discussed shows that a nonlinear feedback control strategy applied to the ampicillin synthesis bioprocess can cope with disturbances, noisy measurements, and parametric uncertainties. Numerical simulations performed with MATLAB environment are included in order to test the behavior and the performances of the proposed estimation and control strategies.
… and Control (ICMIC), …, 2010
... Bioprocesses Dan Seli teanu, Member, IEEE, Emil Petre, Member, IEEE, Monica Roman, Member, IE... more ... Bioprocesses Dan Seli teanu, Member, IEEE, Emil Petre, Member, IEEE, Monica Roman, Member, IEEE, and Eugen Bob u, Member, IEEE Abstract-This paper deals with the analysis of a nonlinear dynamical model of a class of bioprocesses. ...
UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI INFORMATICA
Abstract. In this paper we propose a general method of using RDF and OWL models to represent the ... more Abstract. In this paper we propose a general method of using RDF and OWL models to represent the knowledge within an electronic game. Following this approach, we are able to separate programming from resource allocation (creating and allocating the AI procedures and dialog, structuring and manipulating game elements, etc.). This work demonstrates the integration of the DL-based ontology in a game by using Jena, a Java semantic framework. As a case study, we are implementing the base for a fantasy RPG type game that includes ...
Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in ... more Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in society, in a context of changing rhythms of work, the ageing of the European population and changing family structures.
International mobility of any kind is quite young in Romania, and it was possible only after fall... more International mobility of any kind is quite young in Romania, and it was possible only after falling of the communist regime in 1989. Consequently, the paper reflects firstly some conceptual issues on international student mobility; than, in the second part, a statistical portrait of student mobility in Romania is presented, in connection with the European context. We notices that the Romanian student mobility is lower that European one, so in the third part we focus on barriers to international student mobility, and also on policy measures that should be taken in Romania.
The paper aims to present the current state of Romanian higher education, based on statistical da... more The paper aims to present the current state of Romanian higher education, based on statistical data on number and trends of student population and staff. The latest progresses in Bologna process are analyzed, with a special attention to international student's mobility. Based on demographic projection, the paper also reflects the perspectives of Romania higher education at 2025 horizon.
![Research paper thumbnail of Diferenţa dintre genuri în alocarea timpului liber în România [Gender Difference in Alloting Leisure Time in Romania]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40472575/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in ... more Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in society, in a context of changing rhythms of work, the ageing of the European population and changing family structures.
The transition to a market economy started in Romania after 1989 and had significant repercussion... more The transition to a market economy started in Romania after 1989 and had significant repercussions on labor market outcomes, in terms of both levels and composition. Labor markets adjusted to the new economic environment by reducing employment and labor force participation, and by increasing unemployment to rates unseen in Romania. The Romanian government soon recognized the urgency of developing social safety programs and labour market programs to help the unemployed during this transition period, but only in the late 1990s a coherent and a large scale program was launched.
... Zizi Goschin, Daniela L. Constantin, Monica Roman, Bogdan Ileanu The Bucharest Academy of Eco... more ... Zizi Goschin, Daniela L. Constantin, Monica Roman, Bogdan Ileanu The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies ... since the transition to the market economy had already strongly reshaped the industrial structure and, following the recent accession to EU, further changes are ...
Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in ... more Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in society, in a context of changing rhythms of work, the ageing of the European population and changing family structures.
The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants’ propensity to sending money to the origin co... more The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants’ propensity to sending money to the origin country. The study is based on data coming from the National Immigrant Survey of Spain. We employ a binary logistic regression model in order to identify the impact of socio-demographical factors on the probability of sending money abroad from Spain, focusing on a large group of respondents, which are Eastern Europe migrants.
The paper analyse the nexus between migration and social protection expenditures in European Unio... more The paper analyse the nexus between migration and social protection expenditures in European Union using panel data models for 26 EU countries. The results reject the existence of "welfare migration" in Europe: the countries that attract more migrants are the countries with lower levels of shares of expenditures with social protection in GDP. There are other factors responsible for explaining migration movements within the European Union and understanding these determinants is crucial for shaping migration policies but also social policies at national and European level.
The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants' propensity to sending money to the origin co... more The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants' propensity to sending money to the origin country. The study is based on data coming from the National Immigrant Survey of Spain. We employ a binary logistic regression model in order to identify the impact of socio-demographical factors on the probability of sending money abroad from Spain, focusing on a large group of respondents, which are Eastern Europe migrants.
The remittances of international migrants are particularly important for Romania as one of the to... more The remittances of international migrants are particularly important for Romania as one of the top European emigration countries and an important remittance recipient country as well. Responding to the need to better understand the determinants of remittances, our paper examines the significance of selected economic, social and demographic factors that impact on the remittance behaviour of Romanian international migrants, as characterized by the propensity to remit and the amount remitted. The present work builds on a new database of 1514 Romanian migrants from 52 destination countries, resulting from our 2010 online survey. One of the main findings is the fact that the remittances are strongly affected by migrant’s income, return intention and presence of the spouse in the destination country.
Romanian migration is today one of the biggest, complex, and dynamic migration to Western Europe.... more Romanian migration is today one of the biggest, complex, and dynamic migration to
Western Europe. This paper is a comprehensive review of the existing literature that aims
at providing a full picture of this dynamic migratory process and discusses its far-reaching
consequences. It first presents and characterizes the Romanian migration through the
different phases during and after state socialism. The second part of the paper is dedicated
to unfolding the socio-economic effects of the Romanian migration addressing the
remitting behavior and its development over the past years. The issue of return migration
is also addressed stressing that return is not much developed, however it has significant
impacts through the emergence of returnees’ entrepreneurship. Finally we address some of
the consequences of the medical doctors’ migration which is today considered one of the
main migration challenges the country is facing.
Procedia Economics and Finance, 2014
This paper aims at evaluating the efficiency of public healthcare systems in Europe by applying a... more This paper aims at evaluating the efficiency of public healthcare systems in Europe by applying a nonparametric method such is Data Envelopment Analysis. For this purpose, statistical data for 30 European states for 2010 have been used. We have selected three output variables: life expectancy at birth, health adjusted life expectancy and infant mortality rate and three input variables: number of doctors, number of hospital beds and public health expenditures as percentage of GDP. Findings reveal that there are a number of both developed and developing countries on the efficiency frontier, while the great majority of the countries in the sample are inefficient.
Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2014
ABSTRACT The nonlinearity of the biotechnological processes and the absence of cheap and reliable... more ABSTRACT The nonlinearity of the biotechnological processes and the absence of cheap and reliable instrumentation require an enhanced modelling effort and estimation strategies for the state and the kinetic parameters. This work approaches nonlinear estimation strategies for microbial production of enzymes, exemplified by using a process of lipase production from olive oil by Candida rugosa. First, by using a dynamical mathematical model of this process, an asymptotic observer which reconstructs the unavailable state variables is proposed. The design of this kind of observers is based on mass and energy balances without the knowledge of kinetics being necessary; only minimal information concerning the measured concentrations is used. Second, a nonlinear high-gain observer is designed for the estimation of imprecisely known kinetics of the bioprocess. An important advantage of this high-gain estimator is that the tuning is reduced to the calibration of a single parameter. Numerical simulations in various scenarios are provided in order to test the behaviour and performances of the proposed nonlinear estimation strategies.
2011 Third Pacific-Asia Conference on Circuits, Communications and System (PACCS), 2011
Abstract-This paper deals with the problem of on-line estimation and nonlinear control of a waste... more Abstract-This paper deals with the problem of on-line estimation and nonlinear control of a wastewater treatment process, which takes place inside a biological Sequencing Batch Reactor. This bioprocess is highly nonlinear, the online measurements are lack and the ...
2011 12th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), 2011
Page 1. On-line Estimation of Unknown Kinetics for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Ampicillin ... Abst... more Page 1. On-line Estimation of Unknown Kinetics for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Ampicillin ... Abstract This paper deals with the on-line estimation of unknown kinetics for the enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin, that is carried out inside a fed-batch bioreactor. ...
Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2012
Nowadays, the use of advanced control strategies in biotechnology is quite low. A main reason is ... more Nowadays, the use of advanced control strategies in biotechnology is quite low. A main reason is the lack of quality of the data, and the fact that more sophisticated control strategies must be based on a model of the dynamics of bioprocesses. The nonlinearity of the bioprocesses and the absence of cheap and reliable instrumentation require an enhanced modeling effort and identification strategies for the kinetics. The present work approaches modeling and control strategies for the enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin that is carried out inside a fed-batch bioreactor. First, a nonlinear dynamical model of this bioprocess is obtained by using a novel modeling procedure for biotechnology: the bond graph methodology. Second, a high gain observer is designed for the estimation of the imprecisely known kinetics of the synthesis process. Third, by combining an exact linearizing control law with the on-line estimation kinetics algorithm, a nonlinear adaptive control law is designed. The case study discussed shows that a nonlinear feedback control strategy applied to the ampicillin synthesis bioprocess can cope with disturbances, noisy measurements, and parametric uncertainties. Numerical simulations performed with MATLAB environment are included in order to test the behavior and the performances of the proposed estimation and control strategies.
… and Control (ICMIC), …, 2010
... Bioprocesses Dan Seli teanu, Member, IEEE, Emil Petre, Member, IEEE, Monica Roman, Member, IE... more ... Bioprocesses Dan Seli teanu, Member, IEEE, Emil Petre, Member, IEEE, Monica Roman, Member, IEEE, and Eugen Bob u, Member, IEEE Abstract-This paper deals with the analysis of a nonlinear dynamical model of a class of bioprocesses. ...
UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI INFORMATICA
Abstract. In this paper we propose a general method of using RDF and OWL models to represent the ... more Abstract. In this paper we propose a general method of using RDF and OWL models to represent the knowledge within an electronic game. Following this approach, we are able to separate programming from resource allocation (creating and allocating the AI procedures and dialog, structuring and manipulating game elements, etc.). This work demonstrates the integration of the DL-based ontology in a game by using Jena, a Java semantic framework. As a case study, we are implementing the base for a fantasy RPG type game that includes ...
Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in ... more Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in society, in a context of changing rhythms of work, the ageing of the European population and changing family structures.
International mobility of any kind is quite young in Romania, and it was possible only after fall... more International mobility of any kind is quite young in Romania, and it was possible only after falling of the communist regime in 1989. Consequently, the paper reflects firstly some conceptual issues on international student mobility; than, in the second part, a statistical portrait of student mobility in Romania is presented, in connection with the European context. We notices that the Romanian student mobility is lower that European one, so in the third part we focus on barriers to international student mobility, and also on policy measures that should be taken in Romania.
The paper aims to present the current state of Romanian higher education, based on statistical da... more The paper aims to present the current state of Romanian higher education, based on statistical data on number and trends of student population and staff. The latest progresses in Bologna process are analyzed, with a special attention to international student's mobility. Based on demographic projection, the paper also reflects the perspectives of Romania higher education at 2025 horizon.
Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in ... more Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in society, in a context of changing rhythms of work, the ageing of the European population and changing family structures.
The transition to a market economy started in Romania after 1989 and had significant repercussion... more The transition to a market economy started in Romania after 1989 and had significant repercussions on labor market outcomes, in terms of both levels and composition. Labor markets adjusted to the new economic environment by reducing employment and labor force participation, and by increasing unemployment to rates unseen in Romania. The Romanian government soon recognized the urgency of developing social safety programs and labour market programs to help the unemployed during this transition period, but only in the late 1990s a coherent and a large scale program was launched.
... Zizi Goschin, Daniela L. Constantin, Monica Roman, Bogdan Ileanu The Bucharest Academy of Eco... more ... Zizi Goschin, Daniela L. Constantin, Monica Roman, Bogdan Ileanu The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies ... since the transition to the market economy had already strongly reshaped the industrial structure and, following the recent accession to EU, further changes are ...
Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in ... more Recent theoretical and empirical studies tend to highlight the prominent role that time plays in society, in a context of changing rhythms of work, the ageing of the European population and changing family structures.
The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants’ propensity to sending money to the origin co... more The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants’ propensity to sending money to the origin country. The study is based on data coming from the National Immigrant Survey of Spain. We employ a binary logistic regression model in order to identify the impact of socio-demographical factors on the probability of sending money abroad from Spain, focusing on a large group of respondents, which are Eastern Europe migrants.
The paper analyse the nexus between migration and social protection expenditures in European Unio... more The paper analyse the nexus between migration and social protection expenditures in European Union using panel data models for 26 EU countries. The results reject the existence of "welfare migration" in Europe: the countries that attract more migrants are the countries with lower levels of shares of expenditures with social protection in GDP. There are other factors responsible for explaining migration movements within the European Union and understanding these determinants is crucial for shaping migration policies but also social policies at national and European level.
The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants' propensity to sending money to the origin co... more The purpose of the paper is to analyze the migrants' propensity to sending money to the origin country. The study is based on data coming from the National Immigrant Survey of Spain. We employ a binary logistic regression model in order to identify the impact of socio-demographical factors on the probability of sending money abroad from Spain, focusing on a large group of respondents, which are Eastern Europe migrants.
The remittances of international migrants are particularly important for Romania as one of the to... more The remittances of international migrants are particularly important for Romania as one of the top European emigration countries and an important remittance recipient country as well. Responding to the need to better understand the determinants of remittances, our paper examines the significance of selected economic, social and demographic factors that impact on the remittance behaviour of Romanian international migrants, as characterized by the propensity to remit and the amount remitted. The present work builds on a new database of 1514 Romanian migrants from 52 destination countries, resulting from our 2010 online survey. One of the main findings is the fact that the remittances are strongly affected by migrant’s income, return intention and presence of the spouse in the destination country.