Assistant Prof. Dr. Adarsh Batra | Assumption University of Thailand (original) (raw)

Papers by Assistant Prof. Dr. Adarsh Batra

International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Systems, 2024

Although traveling can be enjoyable, many individuals do not enjoy spending time at airports. How... more Although traveling can be enjoyable, many individuals do not enjoy spending time at airports. However, research has shown that airport lounges are becoming increasingly popular as a space for transit passengers, with many air travelers using them multiple times for various reasons, before their flight or during a layover. This research aimed to study the features of the airport lounge identified by the transit passengers, their lounge experience and services deemed salient to air passengers during long-haul travel. Results suggest that a lounge should provide a more personalized and comfortable experience, allowing passengers to make the most of their time before departure and providing tourism marketers with practical insights into the creation of a strategy for airline lounges that focuses on meeting the needs and desires of transit passengers and emphasizing the unique experience offered by the lounges. This study offers valuable insights into the practical consequences for airport lounge vendors and stop-over destination service providers with a better understanding of transit preferences.

Journal of Management Sciences Suratthani Rajabhat University, 2024

Sustainable tourism intends to cease poverty, shield the planet and ensure that humankind enjoys ... more Sustainable tourism intends to cease poverty, shield the planet and ensure that humankind enjoys peace and prosperity by 2030. This paper aimed to analyze rural tourism in Surat Thani utilizing the Sustainable Tourism Concept in Thailand.

Atna journal of tourism studies, 2005

Khao Sam Roi Yod National Park, as a famous tourist attraction and the biggest freshwater marshla... more Khao Sam Roi Yod National Park, as a famous tourist attraction and the biggest freshwater marshland in Thailand, is at the crossroads. This place has already been explored for several decades, but the difficulties are still in front of the tourism planners and supervisors. A lot of ideal measures have been planned out by the local authority. The problem is whether all these plans are practical and concerned with all stakeholders’ interests and how can all the plans be implemented effectively and efficiently. This paper focuses on the managerial and environmental problems in this area. The first provides a briefly over view of Khao Sam Yod National Park. The second part reviews the problems threatening the sustainable tourism development in this area. The last presents same pre-emptive and corrective measures and policy implications for combating the negative impacts in the Park.

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

The global pandemic "COVID 19" has created a crisis by crippling the whole world, nations in it, ... more The global pandemic "COVID 19" has created a crisis by crippling the whole world, nations in it, and its living beings as well. During this pandemic, many Thai Tourists were affected which brought a change either demographically, through psychographic, or brought upon behavioral changes. People got affected by this problem and it has put fear inside many Thai consumers for them to travel back again. This research aimed to understand the Thai tourist nature of traveling post-COVID, including the understanding of Thai consumers' feelings and expectations to travel back again. The researcher used a mixed-method mostly focusing on the qualitative data through an in-depth interview with 11 participants and a short online survey was distributed among 17 participants to understand on what level in-depth interview provides clarity. Indepth interview results were analyzed with thematic analysis and quantitative data were analyzed with google form graphs. Results showed that Thai tourists believe the tourism sector for inbound and outbound will be booming again but it all depends on the act of tour operators, government, and the local community. This study will be helpful to understand the expectations, needs, and interests of consumers and what precautions should be taken to make Thai again post Covid-19.

The Journal of Hospitality Leisure Sport and Tourism, 2007

He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Business Administration (Tourism Management) by the Univer... more He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Business Administration (Tourism Management) by the University of South Australia. He has over 5 years of professional hospitality and tourism experience. His research interests include tourist behaviour, travel motivations, cross-cultural studies, ecotourism and sustainable tourism. Adarsh Batra is a full-time lecturer teaching Sustainable Tourism Management and Tourism Marketing courses at the

Crisis management is a necessary factor in successful digital tactics. In the crisis period, the ... more Crisis management is a necessary factor in successful digital tactics. In the crisis period, the hospitality industry needs to think wisely to develop a prevention plan quickly, communicate with employees and guests, and make critical shifts to successful revenue management and digital strategy. The study aims to understand the impact of Covid-19 on the hotel industry and to summarize how hotels handle with this pandemic situation. As well as, this study is focusing on what kind of prevention that hotels use to handle with Covid-19 pandemic, what are the recovery process and plan that hotels use to sustain the business after the crisis, and what strategies hotels applied to manage within the organization. The researcher chose a qualitative method with an in-depth interview to collect information from asking 15 questions. The data was collected from eight hotels based in Bangkok and Chonburi province with nine managers. The collection data doing were done from June 22, 2020 to July 8...

Assumption University, 2006

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

As the Tourism is increasing globally with the rise in number of International tourists every yea... more As the Tourism is increasing globally with the rise in number of International tourists every year where travelling has become an inseparable part of lifestyle but the fact cannot be ignored that it may actually cause stress, and rise in anxiety and tension at different phases of travel which may cause negative experience among International tourists. Thus, this study will contribute to the knowledge of source of travel stress, destination factors and how tourists coming to Bangkok manage and reduce it. As the awareness about the travel-related stress is still less so it is necessary to know what the role of travel organizations is in dealing with tourist's stress problems in Bangkok. Qualitative research method is used for the collection of data and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted during 28th February 2020 to 6th March 2020 with 10 International tourists and 2 travel organizations in Bangkok and for the data analysis constant comparison method was used. Results indicate that travel-related stress arises at the initial stage, which is pre-trip phase, continues with during trip phase, at destination and ends with post trip phase. The stress coping methods adapted by International tourists are social support, relaxation, entertainment, meditation, management of trip, and destination activities such as enjoying nightlife in Bangkok. Also, this study reveals that travel organizations provide destination knowledge, safety measures, travel alternatives, guidelines to staff, address complaints, offer compensation, to help tourist prevent from stressful situation in Bangkok.

This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the development of culinary arts progr... more This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the development of culinary arts programs in Thailand, considering the instructional and learning competencies of professional chefs. This quantitative study examines the causal relationships between the key competencies and the development of culinary arts programs. The findings indicate that the competency of a professional chef has a positive effect on their instructional competency, while the instructional competency also has an effect on learning competency; these three key factors were found to be influential variables affecting the development of a culinary arts program. The results will be applied as a guideline for culinary arts program development in Thailand. The study also contributes new knowledge, skills, competency standards, implementation, and evaluation for the success of the chef profession, which is limited in the food service industry, particularly in the context of Thailand.

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

The study aims to understand how three stars and four stars hotels in Myanmar survive during COVI... more The study aims to understand how three stars and four stars hotels in Myanmar survive during COVID-19 outbreak and impact of COVID-19 crisis on three stars and four stars hotels in Myanmar. The researcher used qualitative analysis methods, by semi-structured in-depth interviews, collected raw data from sixteen local guests, one long-stay foreigner and five hotel managers in Mandalay and Muse during May to August 2020. To analyses the data, the study used thematic analysis method. The findings of the study are that all three-star and four-star hotels in Myanmar follow safety instruction and internationally-accepted safety standard to ensure the health, safety and well-being of the hotels' guests and employees. Hotels were using hospital-grade disinfectants and disinfected common area inside the hotel three times a day. Hotel staff are requested to wear a face shield, mask, gloves and PPE suit. From the guest' perspective, every hotel at least had to implement WHO protocols because they have high expectations of hygiene, cleanliness and safety before and during their stay. It is believed that by being able to identify a crisis situation and determine a positive management response, the Myanmar hotel industry has indeed learned its lessons on how to cope with similar situations in the future.

The study aims to understand how budget hotels in luoyang use new hygiene measures attract custom... more The study aims to understand how budget hotels in luoyang use new hygiene measures attract customers after the outbreak of covid-19 and the impact of new hygiene on customer satisfaction, The researcher adopted qualitative analysis methods, By collecting data from 8 guests and 5 managers from different budget hotels, The researcher took semi-structured in-depth interviews with interviewees, The findings are that all budget hotels in luoyang took safety regulations and standards, Enhanced sanitation, Cleaning procedures, And technologies to attract customers and ensure employees’ health, However, Among hygiene measures, Some measures disappoint customers, Along with the application of new disinfection products, Technologies and cleaning procedures, Hotels were facing challenges with limited funds and staff.

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

Since the outbreak of the covid-19 has started globally, there are a lot of disruptions in touris... more Since the outbreak of the covid-19 has started globally, there are a lot of disruptions in tourism business. Travel, tourism, hotel and MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions) industry are facing immense challenges at present. Especially Myanmar is the developing country and business growth is still growing. Epidemic causes hundreds of events cancelled all over the world, and wakening to news of cancellations or postponements. MICE industry required to reconsider the options and to balance the priorities of upholding the health and safety of staff, sponsors, and attendees which is necessary to meet financial obligations and minimizing the losses caused by disruption. This research is a qualitative study and the purpose of the study is studying the challenges of the MICE business that will need to face during the recovery process. The aim of the study is to point out what is affecting the MICE industry during the crisis and what will be awaiting future for the MICE travel to step forward like other travel. In-depth interview is conducted with 9 managers of the hotels and DMCs from both of the destinations Yangon and Mandalay for investigation and analysis the role of each in the MICE industry. The thematic analysis method is used in this research to analysis the data. The study finds out that it is important to survive the situation with no revenue and the effective recovery plan. After the crisis, the collaborative strategies will be supportive for the future tourism industry in Myanmar. The study points out how the issue of social distancing impacting on the MICE products. This study will be helpful for MICE business crucial need to encourage tourism operators to involve with crisis preparedness and disaster-management strategies and it is important to increase a better understanding of the consumer response to disastrous event by all components of the value chain.

International Research E-Journal on Business and Economics, Nov 30, 2015

Thailand is a country that highly relies on the tourism industry. Following the new trends and in... more Thailand is a country that highly relies on the tourism industry. Following the new trends and innovations are significant for development of hotels. In this study, researcher analyzed trends, challenges and innovations in selected five-star hotels in Bangkok. This paper further discussed innovation in selected five-star hotels, and the impact affected by innovations and innovative practices in hotels. Qualitative research techniques were used in this study. In-depth interviews were conducted in English with three officials from selected five-star hotels to collect primary data. Observation method was also employed to observe the surroundings and layouts in selected hotels. Secondary data were mainly collected from journal articles, reports, and books and websites. The study employed thematic analysis and content analysis to express findings. The results showed innovation outputs which belong to product innovation, service innovation and administrative innovation respectively. Findings also indicated that hotels utilized both interior and exterior approaches to follow up new trends and innovation. Furthermore, these innovations and innovative practices improved customers' satisfaction and business performance for the hotels.

Community sustainable tourism is a good opportunity for Ratchaburi, where locals and stakeholders... more Community sustainable tourism is a good opportunity for Ratchaburi, where locals and stakeholders are key to sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to understand the problems in the process of practicing sustainable development and to improve the awareness of sustainable development in the community. This study adopts a qualitative analysis method to understand how tourism stakeholders practice sustainable development in the Ratchaburi community through field experience and in-depth interviews, and to analyze the problems and solutions encountered in the development of the Ratchaburi community. The researchers chose the method of stereotyping analysis to study the interviewees by collecting data from the resort, homestay, garden, and cafe, as well as local people, including 3 owners, 5 managers and 2 local people. The researchers conducted an in-depth semi-structured interview. According to the research, the staff of the hotel, cafe, and garden in the Ratchaburi commu...

Anatolia, 2020

While many people see taking a vacation as a way to rejuvenate, escape and relieve monotonous lif... more While many people see taking a vacation as a way to rejuvenate, escape and relieve monotonous life to get away from the stress they may experience in other aspects of their lives, but travelling can also be stressful for a lot of people. A total of 15 international tourists hailing diverse origins participated in qualitative semi-structured interviews. It was found that people, in general, do encounter the most travel stress before and on a vacation or trip. Acknowledging that things might go wrong is the first step in making sure they don’t. Managerial implications are recommended for travel organizations, airline companies, airport customer dealing staff to assist to make the occasion less anxiety-provoking for the traveller.

International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Systems, 2024

Although traveling can be enjoyable, many individuals do not enjoy spending time at airports. How... more Although traveling can be enjoyable, many individuals do not enjoy spending time at airports. However, research has shown that airport lounges are becoming increasingly popular as a space for transit passengers, with many air travelers using them multiple times for various reasons, before their flight or during a layover. This research aimed to study the features of the airport lounge identified by the transit passengers, their lounge experience and services deemed salient to air passengers during long-haul travel. Results suggest that a lounge should provide a more personalized and comfortable experience, allowing passengers to make the most of their time before departure and providing tourism marketers with practical insights into the creation of a strategy for airline lounges that focuses on meeting the needs and desires of transit passengers and emphasizing the unique experience offered by the lounges. This study offers valuable insights into the practical consequences for airport lounge vendors and stop-over destination service providers with a better understanding of transit preferences.

Journal of Management Sciences Suratthani Rajabhat University, 2024

Sustainable tourism intends to cease poverty, shield the planet and ensure that humankind enjoys ... more Sustainable tourism intends to cease poverty, shield the planet and ensure that humankind enjoys peace and prosperity by 2030. This paper aimed to analyze rural tourism in Surat Thani utilizing the Sustainable Tourism Concept in Thailand.

Atna journal of tourism studies, 2005

Khao Sam Roi Yod National Park, as a famous tourist attraction and the biggest freshwater marshla... more Khao Sam Roi Yod National Park, as a famous tourist attraction and the biggest freshwater marshland in Thailand, is at the crossroads. This place has already been explored for several decades, but the difficulties are still in front of the tourism planners and supervisors. A lot of ideal measures have been planned out by the local authority. The problem is whether all these plans are practical and concerned with all stakeholders’ interests and how can all the plans be implemented effectively and efficiently. This paper focuses on the managerial and environmental problems in this area. The first provides a briefly over view of Khao Sam Yod National Park. The second part reviews the problems threatening the sustainable tourism development in this area. The last presents same pre-emptive and corrective measures and policy implications for combating the negative impacts in the Park.

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

The global pandemic "COVID 19" has created a crisis by crippling the whole world, nations in it, ... more The global pandemic "COVID 19" has created a crisis by crippling the whole world, nations in it, and its living beings as well. During this pandemic, many Thai Tourists were affected which brought a change either demographically, through psychographic, or brought upon behavioral changes. People got affected by this problem and it has put fear inside many Thai consumers for them to travel back again. This research aimed to understand the Thai tourist nature of traveling post-COVID, including the understanding of Thai consumers' feelings and expectations to travel back again. The researcher used a mixed-method mostly focusing on the qualitative data through an in-depth interview with 11 participants and a short online survey was distributed among 17 participants to understand on what level in-depth interview provides clarity. Indepth interview results were analyzed with thematic analysis and quantitative data were analyzed with google form graphs. Results showed that Thai tourists believe the tourism sector for inbound and outbound will be booming again but it all depends on the act of tour operators, government, and the local community. This study will be helpful to understand the expectations, needs, and interests of consumers and what precautions should be taken to make Thai again post Covid-19.

The Journal of Hospitality Leisure Sport and Tourism, 2007

He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Business Administration (Tourism Management) by the Univer... more He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Business Administration (Tourism Management) by the University of South Australia. He has over 5 years of professional hospitality and tourism experience. His research interests include tourist behaviour, travel motivations, cross-cultural studies, ecotourism and sustainable tourism. Adarsh Batra is a full-time lecturer teaching Sustainable Tourism Management and Tourism Marketing courses at the

Crisis management is a necessary factor in successful digital tactics. In the crisis period, the ... more Crisis management is a necessary factor in successful digital tactics. In the crisis period, the hospitality industry needs to think wisely to develop a prevention plan quickly, communicate with employees and guests, and make critical shifts to successful revenue management and digital strategy. The study aims to understand the impact of Covid-19 on the hotel industry and to summarize how hotels handle with this pandemic situation. As well as, this study is focusing on what kind of prevention that hotels use to handle with Covid-19 pandemic, what are the recovery process and plan that hotels use to sustain the business after the crisis, and what strategies hotels applied to manage within the organization. The researcher chose a qualitative method with an in-depth interview to collect information from asking 15 questions. The data was collected from eight hotels based in Bangkok and Chonburi province with nine managers. The collection data doing were done from June 22, 2020 to July 8...

Assumption University, 2006

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

As the Tourism is increasing globally with the rise in number of International tourists every yea... more As the Tourism is increasing globally with the rise in number of International tourists every year where travelling has become an inseparable part of lifestyle but the fact cannot be ignored that it may actually cause stress, and rise in anxiety and tension at different phases of travel which may cause negative experience among International tourists. Thus, this study will contribute to the knowledge of source of travel stress, destination factors and how tourists coming to Bangkok manage and reduce it. As the awareness about the travel-related stress is still less so it is necessary to know what the role of travel organizations is in dealing with tourist's stress problems in Bangkok. Qualitative research method is used for the collection of data and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted during 28th February 2020 to 6th March 2020 with 10 International tourists and 2 travel organizations in Bangkok and for the data analysis constant comparison method was used. Results indicate that travel-related stress arises at the initial stage, which is pre-trip phase, continues with during trip phase, at destination and ends with post trip phase. The stress coping methods adapted by International tourists are social support, relaxation, entertainment, meditation, management of trip, and destination activities such as enjoying nightlife in Bangkok. Also, this study reveals that travel organizations provide destination knowledge, safety measures, travel alternatives, guidelines to staff, address complaints, offer compensation, to help tourist prevent from stressful situation in Bangkok.

This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the development of culinary arts progr... more This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the development of culinary arts programs in Thailand, considering the instructional and learning competencies of professional chefs. This quantitative study examines the causal relationships between the key competencies and the development of culinary arts programs. The findings indicate that the competency of a professional chef has a positive effect on their instructional competency, while the instructional competency also has an effect on learning competency; these three key factors were found to be influential variables affecting the development of a culinary arts program. The results will be applied as a guideline for culinary arts program development in Thailand. The study also contributes new knowledge, skills, competency standards, implementation, and evaluation for the success of the chef profession, which is limited in the food service industry, particularly in the context of Thailand.

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

The study aims to understand how three stars and four stars hotels in Myanmar survive during COVI... more The study aims to understand how three stars and four stars hotels in Myanmar survive during COVID-19 outbreak and impact of COVID-19 crisis on three stars and four stars hotels in Myanmar. The researcher used qualitative analysis methods, by semi-structured in-depth interviews, collected raw data from sixteen local guests, one long-stay foreigner and five hotel managers in Mandalay and Muse during May to August 2020. To analyses the data, the study used thematic analysis method. The findings of the study are that all three-star and four-star hotels in Myanmar follow safety instruction and internationally-accepted safety standard to ensure the health, safety and well-being of the hotels' guests and employees. Hotels were using hospital-grade disinfectants and disinfected common area inside the hotel three times a day. Hotel staff are requested to wear a face shield, mask, gloves and PPE suit. From the guest' perspective, every hotel at least had to implement WHO protocols because they have high expectations of hygiene, cleanliness and safety before and during their stay. It is believed that by being able to identify a crisis situation and determine a positive management response, the Myanmar hotel industry has indeed learned its lessons on how to cope with similar situations in the future.

The study aims to understand how budget hotels in luoyang use new hygiene measures attract custom... more The study aims to understand how budget hotels in luoyang use new hygiene measures attract customers after the outbreak of covid-19 and the impact of new hygiene on customer satisfaction, The researcher adopted qualitative analysis methods, By collecting data from 8 guests and 5 managers from different budget hotels, The researcher took semi-structured in-depth interviews with interviewees, The findings are that all budget hotels in luoyang took safety regulations and standards, Enhanced sanitation, Cleaning procedures, And technologies to attract customers and ensure employees’ health, However, Among hygiene measures, Some measures disappoint customers, Along with the application of new disinfection products, Technologies and cleaning procedures, Hotels were facing challenges with limited funds and staff.

AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era, 2020

Since the outbreak of the covid-19 has started globally, there are a lot of disruptions in touris... more Since the outbreak of the covid-19 has started globally, there are a lot of disruptions in tourism business. Travel, tourism, hotel and MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions) industry are facing immense challenges at present. Especially Myanmar is the developing country and business growth is still growing. Epidemic causes hundreds of events cancelled all over the world, and wakening to news of cancellations or postponements. MICE industry required to reconsider the options and to balance the priorities of upholding the health and safety of staff, sponsors, and attendees which is necessary to meet financial obligations and minimizing the losses caused by disruption. This research is a qualitative study and the purpose of the study is studying the challenges of the MICE business that will need to face during the recovery process. The aim of the study is to point out what is affecting the MICE industry during the crisis and what will be awaiting future for the MICE travel to step forward like other travel. In-depth interview is conducted with 9 managers of the hotels and DMCs from both of the destinations Yangon and Mandalay for investigation and analysis the role of each in the MICE industry. The thematic analysis method is used in this research to analysis the data. The study finds out that it is important to survive the situation with no revenue and the effective recovery plan. After the crisis, the collaborative strategies will be supportive for the future tourism industry in Myanmar. The study points out how the issue of social distancing impacting on the MICE products. This study will be helpful for MICE business crucial need to encourage tourism operators to involve with crisis preparedness and disaster-management strategies and it is important to increase a better understanding of the consumer response to disastrous event by all components of the value chain.

International Research E-Journal on Business and Economics, Nov 30, 2015

Thailand is a country that highly relies on the tourism industry. Following the new trends and in... more Thailand is a country that highly relies on the tourism industry. Following the new trends and innovations are significant for development of hotels. In this study, researcher analyzed trends, challenges and innovations in selected five-star hotels in Bangkok. This paper further discussed innovation in selected five-star hotels, and the impact affected by innovations and innovative practices in hotels. Qualitative research techniques were used in this study. In-depth interviews were conducted in English with three officials from selected five-star hotels to collect primary data. Observation method was also employed to observe the surroundings and layouts in selected hotels. Secondary data were mainly collected from journal articles, reports, and books and websites. The study employed thematic analysis and content analysis to express findings. The results showed innovation outputs which belong to product innovation, service innovation and administrative innovation respectively. Findings also indicated that hotels utilized both interior and exterior approaches to follow up new trends and innovation. Furthermore, these innovations and innovative practices improved customers' satisfaction and business performance for the hotels.

Community sustainable tourism is a good opportunity for Ratchaburi, where locals and stakeholders... more Community sustainable tourism is a good opportunity for Ratchaburi, where locals and stakeholders are key to sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to understand the problems in the process of practicing sustainable development and to improve the awareness of sustainable development in the community. This study adopts a qualitative analysis method to understand how tourism stakeholders practice sustainable development in the Ratchaburi community through field experience and in-depth interviews, and to analyze the problems and solutions encountered in the development of the Ratchaburi community. The researchers chose the method of stereotyping analysis to study the interviewees by collecting data from the resort, homestay, garden, and cafe, as well as local people, including 3 owners, 5 managers and 2 local people. The researchers conducted an in-depth semi-structured interview. According to the research, the staff of the hotel, cafe, and garden in the Ratchaburi commu...

Anatolia, 2020

While many people see taking a vacation as a way to rejuvenate, escape and relieve monotonous lif... more While many people see taking a vacation as a way to rejuvenate, escape and relieve monotonous life to get away from the stress they may experience in other aspects of their lives, but travelling can also be stressful for a lot of people. A total of 15 international tourists hailing diverse origins participated in qualitative semi-structured interviews. It was found that people, in general, do encounter the most travel stress before and on a vacation or trip. Acknowledging that things might go wrong is the first step in making sure they don’t. Managerial implications are recommended for travel organizations, airline companies, airport customer dealing staff to assist to make the occasion less anxiety-provoking for the traveller.

The purpose of the session was Creating awareness among the students on World Tourism Day, to und... more The purpose of the session was Creating awareness among the students on World Tourism Day, to understand the importance of service attitude and hospitable personality, how to dress based on how you
want to be addressed, manner and service attitude tips for a hospitable personality and run a workshop on Service attitude and hospitable
personality

Y E A R 4 I S S U E 1 2 S e p t e m b e r 2 0 1 6 P r o u d M o m e n t s 39 th N at io n al G ra... more Y E A R 4 I S S U E 1 2 S e p t e m b e r 2 0 1 6 P r o u d M o m e n t s 39 th N at io n al G ra du at e Re se ar ch C on fe re n ce (3 9 th N G RC ) & 4 th I n te rn at io n al G ra du at e Re se ar ch C on fe re n ce (4 th I G RC ) G S B C o n n e c t iv it ie s Dr . A ar on L oh 's ed uc at io n al vi si t to V ie tn am an d M oU si gn in g w it h 'N at io n al Ec on om ic Un iv er si ty '

Online versus Offline: Surviving in today’s competitive travel industry