Yasemin Kuşlu | Ataturk University (original) (raw)

Papers by Yasemin Kuşlu

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Mar 31, 2020

It is very important to increase the income levels of livestock enterprises and engaged in animal... more It is very important to increase the income levels of livestock enterprises and engaged in animal production in our country by producing barns with modern and economic methods. In this study, prefabricated barn types which are built as opposed to traditionally built barns of the cold regions like Erzurum was revealed. Concerning tie-stall type barn, as for the number of animals 10, 20, and 30 headstocks discussed in the study. Moreover, the tie-stall prefabricated barn project is designed by using 50 tunnel type lightweight concrete materials to illustrate an example for commercial enterprises. At the end of the study, it was determined that prefabricated lightweight concrete barns were more economical than produced traditionally classical-type barns. As the number of cattle increased, the cost of barn decreased per cattle for cold climate conditions. The cost reduction percentage for 10-head barns was determined as 38.0% and 38.9% for lightweight concrete cylindrical roof and light concrete tunnel roofed barn types, respectively. These values were calculated as 60.5%-61.4% for 20 head barns, and 59.9%-60.4% for the 30 head barns. Among the studied barn types, it was found that the most economically suitable barn combination was a prefabricated barn with tunnel roof and lightweight concrete.

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 2007

Bu calismada, Erzurum Kuzgun baraji sulama alanindaki tarim isletmelerinin yapisal durumu anket s... more Bu calismada, Erzurum Kuzgun baraji sulama alanindaki tarim isletmelerinin yapisal durumu anket sonuclari ve ikincil veriler yardimi ile incelenmistir. Kuzgun baraji sulama alaninda isletmelerin yogun oldugu arazi buyukluk grubu 21–50 da arasinda degismektedir. Bu grupta isletme basina dusen ortalama parsel sayisi 2.68 ve ortalama parsel alani 12.58 da’dir. Bu degerler arastirma alanini kapsayan Erzurum Merkez, Ilica ve Askale ilcelerinde bulunan tarim isletmeleri icin sirasiyla 5.88 ve 12.63 da olarak belirlenmistir. Sulamaya henuz acilmamis veya kuru tarim alanlarinda arazi parcaliligi halk sulamalari yapilan ve sulamaya acilmis bolgelere gore daha azdir. Arastirma alaninin tamaminda parsellerin bozuk sekilli oldugu gorulmektedir. Isletmelerin sahip oldugu arazi buyukluk grubu arttikca parsel sayisi ve ortalama parsel buyuklugu de artmaktadir. Arastirma alaninda kiracilik ve ortakcilik gibi isletim sistemleri yaygindir. Bu nedenle cogu tarim isletmesi sahip oldugundan farkli buyuklukte arazi islemektedir. Sulamaya acilan alanda genellikle karik sulama yontemi benimsenmis olup, mekanizasyon iyi duzeydedir.

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Sep 15, 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of the Erzurum-Beypınarı land consolidation... more This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of the Erzurum-Beypınarı land consolidation project. In the study, primary data were obtained from agricultural enterprises through a survey and secondary data from State Hydraulic Works. The minimum number of questionnaires was determined as 20, taking into account the finite population and a 10% safety margin. Quantitative data of the consolidation project were obtained with the help of the NetCAD program. According to the results obtained from the research, the consolidation rate in the research area was 67.9%. The average parcel size, which was 13.33 decares before consolidation, increased to 28.04 decares after consolidation. The water supply and water usage rates were 55.1% and 17.4%, respectively, between 2000-2012, and these values increased to 100% and 26.8% after consolidation. The ratio of shapeless parcels was 66.8% before Beypınarı consolidation, this value decreased to 15.4% after consolidation. With the consolidation, the length of the in-field road increased 2.67 times, and the rate of parcels directly connected to the road increased from 52% to 100%. Shareholders' sharing of agricultural lands before consolidation efforts resulted in the emergence of new businesses. However, the number of active agricultural enterprises has decreased. When agricultural active enterprises are considered, it has been observed that the number of parcels per enterprise, which was 16.11, decreased to 5.16 after consolidation. The fact that the Beypınarı project area borders the Erzurum Airport and the Kars-Erzincan ring road has transformed the agricultural lands into an attraction center, but made them disposed to misuse. From the research, it was concluded that land consolidation projects are beneficial in terms of quantitative features, but the multiplier effect can be increased by investigating them socially and economically.

Artificial wetlands are one of the methods that are used to recover the water specifically for do... more Artificial wetlands are one of the methods that are used to recover the water specifically for domestic use or for agricultural activities without damaging the environment. These are the combination of biological, chemical and physical treatment systems, including microorganisms, plants, animals and aquatic ecology. These systems are economical because they do not require energy, special equipment, and trained personnel to operate them. This study focuses on the planning of constructed wetlands in the existing rural settlements or in future rural settlements that need to be re-planned as a result of various factors in Turkey conditions. In this study, an artificial wetland plan sample was prepared for domestic wastewater treatment in Demirgecit Village, which has cold climatic conditions, a projection population of 350 and a height of approximately 1750 m above sea level. As a result of the planning, the wetland area consisting of two chambers of 0.7m depth, 20m width, and 40m length was determined. The BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) value of the effluent water and holding time in the chamber were found to be 20.17 mg / L and 5.6 days respectively.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, May 10, 2022

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, May 29, 2021

In this study, planning, design and cost analysis of prefabricated beef cattle barns carried out.... more In this study, planning, design and cost analysis of prefabricated beef cattle barns carried out. Steel mesh was used to strengthen the foundation of the structure. Galvanized-sheet material was used as the carrier and cover material, and shaped like a trapezoid cross-section. The barns, which are planned in the form of tunnel cross-section and tie-stalls type, are designed for 10, 20 and 30-cattle to be particularly suitable for family enterprises. Polyurethane (PU) foam and extruded polystyrene sandwich panel (XSP) were used to provide heat and sound insulation. Cost analysis of the galvanized-sheet barns was compared with the barns constructed by the traditional production method. After analyses, we found that as the number of animals increased, barn cost per animal decreased. The cost reduction rates in the PU foam insulated galvanized-sheet barn were 30.1%, 32.7% and 30.6% for the 10, 20 and 30-cattle respectively. These values were 24.9%, 27.8% and 25.5% for the sandwich panel insulated galvanized-sheet barn. The most economical combination was the polyurethane foam insulation of galvanized sheets. Galvanized-sheet barns are technically sufficient, and economically advantageous than the conventional ones, so it can be recommended to both newly established enterprises and enterprises that want to improve their old barns.

This study conducted the current state of the rural structure in Turkey. Primary data were obtain... more This study conducted the current state of the rural structure in Turkey. Primary data were obtained through face-to-face surveys with the target group in 2018, and secondary data were obtained from the State Institute of Statistics and State Hydraulic Works. In the last two decades' rural migration reached a level that adversely affects agricultural production. For the 15-45 age group, which is defined as an efficient labor force in agriculture, the city meant benefiting from better jobs, education, and health services. According to land size distribution agribusiness were concentrated in the range of 20-49 decares. It has been determined that the mechanization tendency is the most in this group. The ownership of 2-5 parcels is highest in this size group, and the 6-9 parcel range followed this value. The share of agribusiness that small from 50 decares in the total number of enterprises is 64.8% and the share of these enterprises in the total agricultural land has been determined as 21.34%. It is seen that 1.6% of the arable land is not used. Studies such as land banking can play a key role in improving on land tenure system. These applications require large investments and significant legal regulations.

This study discussed regulations related to village and rural development in the history of the R... more This study discussed regulations related to village and rural development in the history of the Republic of Turkey. Also, it deals with different physical planning approaches of rural settlements and their success situations and the spatial problems of rural settlements. In recent years, the view of the people and the capital to rural settlements had changed gradually in Turkey. On the one hand, abandoned villages in terms of the young and dynamic labor force, on the other hand, the necessity of making these areas attractive for the efficiency of agricultural production emerges as a dilemma. The villages had come to the agenda again for urban people because of the reasons such as the desire to get away from the stuffy environment of the city by means of rural tourism. In this paper, in the light of these general situation assessments, possible targets of the village renewal studies were put forward.

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Dec 31, 2019

Climate-change-related impacts on the agriculture sector have been intensifying in the Asian regi... more Climate-change-related impacts on the agriculture sector have been intensifying in the Asian region particularly for developing countries. In order to encourage innovative adaptation practices, it is critical to understand the farmers' perspectives on the possibility of adopting climate-smart agriculture (CSA) measures and the obstacles they face. However, limited studies have considered how farmers respond to climate change impacts, and concerning to this, the opportunities in the relevance of resilience via adaptive capacity (AC) were addressed. This study investigates the adoption of climate-smart agriculture in Punjab, Pakistan by using a survey of 420 farmers, with a view to understanding the farmers' practices, adaptive capacity to respond, and willingness for the adoption of climate-smart agriculture measures to mitigate the climate change impact. Driving factors of the farm households' intended to the adoption of climate-smart agriculture were examined using a logistic model. The results of the study showed that the drivers of adaptive capacity such as the human, physical, natural, financial and social capacity of the farm households were significantly determinant to the possibility of adopting climate-smart agriculture measures. Further, we also identified lack of institutional support and a lack of information were the major obstacles for adopting these innovative measures. This study suggested that climate-policy should be designed in a regional context specifically focusing on the institutional services and access to the resources. It is the best way to increase the acceptance for the adoption of these innovative measures by increasing the farmers' adaptive capacity endowment.

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Jan 25, 2020

Climate change poses a severe threat to agricultural livelihood due to the increased intensity of... more Climate change poses a severe threat to agricultural livelihood due to the increased intensity of environmental shocks and weather variability. Livelihood diversification plays an important role to cope with climate variability and diminishing food insecurity. This study investigates the main drivers of livelihood diversification such as crop production, livestock farming, and offfarm income diversification, particularly focusing on the part of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) strategy and its impact on farm households' welfare. Data were collected from 420 farmers in 35 villages located in different agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Punjab province, Pakistan. We used the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model to regress a system of equations consists of the crop, livestock, and off-farm income-generating livelihood activities. Estimation shows that crop, livestock and off-farm diversification on average have a positive and significant impact on welfare when farmers adopted it as an adaptation strategy to mitigate the impact of climate change and earned more 9.3 % income than nonadopted farmers. Moreover, positive and significant determinants of assets endowment such as human, physical, natural, social and financial capital confirmed that well-endowed farmers were enabled more to adopt livelihood diversification than other farmers. Based on the findings, we suggest the policy implications regarding the institutional interventions aimed at strengthening the most important livelihood diversification drivers, to support for improving the household strategic assets endowments.

Environment, Development and Sustainability, Oct 23, 2020

The agriculture sector, particularly in developing countries, is the more victim of the impacts o... more The agriculture sector, particularly in developing countries, is the more victim of the impacts of climate change due to less adaptation. The low response to the adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices raises questions about the factors influencing adaptation determinants. Therefore, the present study is designed to explore the adoption of CSA practices and the intensity, assessing through its determinants, and estimating its benefits in terms of its impacts on crop yield and farm income. For this purpose, 420 farmers were interviewed across three agro-ecological zones of Punjab, Pakistan. The study employs multinomial logistic regression to examine the factors that determine the adoption of single to a full package of CSA practices. Further, it uses a two-stage least square estimation technique to control the endogeneity problem and to estimate its conditional impact on crop yield and farm income. The study reveals interesting findings and demonstrates that the adoption of single to a full package of CSA practices is mostly explained by the institutional factors, financial resources, size of land holding, and level of education attained by the farmers. Similarly, more affected farmers due to climatic shocks were more intended to adopt CSA practices. Findings confirm that farmers who adopted a full set of CSA practices gain higher yield 32% and 44% kg/ha, and higher farm income 45% and 48% US$ per ha than non-adopted farmers for cotton-wheat and rice-wheat crops, respectively. Further, the impact of adaptation also varies to the intensity of CSA practices adopted by the farmers. This study suggests effective institutional and policy implications for creating awareness and financial support to the farmers to accelerate the adoption of CSA practices. These measures can enhance the farmers' adaptive capacity that is needed for the sustainable livelihood of rural masses and food production.

Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi dergisi, Jun 19, 2017

Bu araştırma, 2004 yılında yaşanan deprem sonrasında işletme binalarının oturulamaz duruma geldiğ... more Bu araştırma, 2004 yılında yaşanan deprem sonrasında işletme binalarının oturulamaz duruma geldiği ve yerleşkenin başka bir alana taşınarak yeniden düzenlendiği Erzurum ili Aziziye ilçesi Başçakmak köyünde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla basit şansa bağlı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen işletmelerle yüz yüze anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Kırsal yerleşkelerin oluşturulmasında dikkate alınması gereken etkenler, saha ve kaynak araştırmasından elde edilen veriler ile birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada yenilenen Başçakmak yerleşkesinin gereksinimlere ne ölçüde cevap verdiği konusunda durum analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan Kullanım Sonrası Değerlendirme (KSD) sonucunda yaşam ve çalışma koşulları, yerleşke içi trafiği ve alt yapı tesislerine ilişkin hedeflerin gerçekleşme oranı sırasıyla %73, 75 ve 75 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yeni yerleşkeye ilişkin estetik unsurların değerlendirildiği hedeflerin (konutlar, yeşil alanlar ve dinlenme alanları) gerçekleşme oranı sırasıyla %15, 31 ve 18 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yerleşkenin işlevi ve ortak katılım hedefleri ise sırasıyla %42 ve 76 olarak gerçekleşmiştir.

Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, Jan 10, 2011

ABSTRACT On Erzurum site, usage of fossil fuels for artificial heating causes atmospheric polluti... more ABSTRACT On Erzurum site, usage of fossil fuels for artificial heating causes atmospheric pollution and especially by means of precipitation it plays an important role on pollution of soil and water sources. This study has planned to indicate the dimension of precipitation transmissions. In this study, the concentration values of SO2 and PM before and after precipitation through 2003-2008 winter seasons were analysed. It appoints a negative relationship between SO2 and PM concentrations with winter precipitation; and their correlation coefficients are -0.138 and -0.150 respectively. In order to examine the effects of precipitation on reducing of SO2 and PM concentrations, t-paired tests were performed. It adjusts that, precipitation affect reducement of SO2 and PM concentrations with p&lt;0.01 significance level. As a consequence, it indicates that the polluted air can affect the east side of Erzurum plain and Sakalıkesik plain negatively in Erzurum where winters are long and tough.

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 2006

Bu arastirmada Erzurum Daphan Ovasi’nda sulamaya acilmis olan 9907,5 hektarlik alanda yetistirile... more Bu arastirmada Erzurum Daphan Ovasi’nda sulamaya acilmis olan 9907,5 hektarlik alanda yetistirilen bitkilerin mevsimlik su gereksinimleri, sulama alani buyuklugu, su kaynagi, bitkilerin ekilebilecekleri maksimum ve minimum alan buyuklukleri, birim alan icin toplam ve net gelir miktarlari goz onune alinarak, dogrusal programlama yontemiyle kurak, normal ve yagisli yillara iliskin optimum bitki deseni belirlenmistir. Dogrusal programlamada QSBWIN paket programi kullanilmistir. En yuksek geliri saglayan bitki deseni kurak yil icin %50 yem bitkileri, %19,4 hububat, %26,6 endustri bitkileri, %2 lahana, %2 bostan; normal ve yagisli yil icin %45 yem bitkileri, %19,4 hububat, %31,6 endustri bitkileri, %2 lahana ve %2 bostan olarak belirlenmistir.

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Dec 26, 2017

In recent years, the depleting water resources in response to the increasing need for water along... more In recent years, the depleting water resources in response to the increasing need for water along with increase in population have led researchers to search new water resources. Among these sources, the most spectacular one is the use of polluted waters after treatment. One of the alternative methods for the treatment of wastewaters is constructed wetlands. This treatment mechanism is preferred due to its effectiveness in the removal of pollution and pathogen microorganisms as well as its economic contribution. Constructed wetlands are widely used in regions with warm climates, while in cold climate conditions, low temperatures result in decreased treatment efficiency. In this study, the use of constructed wetlands in cold climate conditions has been reviewed and necessary suggestions reported.

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Oct 14, 2017

Soils are a major source which restricts the agricultural production because of the limited and n... more Soils are a major source which restricts the agricultural production because of the limited and non-producible properties. So, it is very important to be evaluated in a manner appropriate to the characteristics of farm lands. This study was undertaken to prepare the agro-ecological zones and the land use planning of farmlands, on the irrigation area of the Kuzgun Dam which is constructed by State Hydraulic Works in Erzurum. Factors affecting crop production (climate, soil texture, salinity, alkalinity, permeability, groundwater level, erosion grade, soil profile depth, land slope, farmer preferences) in research area were considered and multiple query was made. As a result of the query, it was obtained that soil profile depth and slope of the land will play dominant role for crop pattern and the others will have low-impact. Probable land use forms of the farm lands were estimated base on dominant factors according to the geographic information system (GIS) method, and some suggestions were presented for the crop production. As a result of this study, cereals, forage crops, natural pasture and afforestation areas were identified in the fields with production limitations for Kuzgun Dam irrigation area. In areas without production limitations in terms of soil properties, two factors, climate and farmer preference, were effective.

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Dec 31, 2016

Van ili toprakları 19.069 km 2 alan ile Türkiye topraklarının % 2.5'ini oluşturmakta ve bu toprak... more Van ili toprakları 19.069 km 2 alan ile Türkiye topraklarının % 2.5'ini oluşturmakta ve bu toprakların yaklaşık 374.500 ha alanı tarım arazisi konumunda bulunmaktadır. Tarım arazisinin 260.000 ha'ya yakın alanı sulanabilir nitelikte olmakla beraber bu alanında %50'si sulanabilmektedir. Sulanamayan alanlar için su kalitesinin düşük olması, sulama suyunun yetersiz kalması, suyun tarlaya ulaştırılmasındaki güçlükler ve kapalı taşıma sistemi için yatırım eksikliği sınırlandırıcı faktörler olarak sayılabilir. İl sınırlarında 1'i inşaat halinde toplam 4 baraj gölü, 15'a yakın göl-gölet bulunmaktadır. Atık su potansiyeli olarak, İl genelinde bulunan arıtma tesislerinin 5 tanesi aktif olarak arıtım yapmakta, 2 tanesinin de inşaatı sürmektedir. Van ili kanalizasyon hattı ile yıllık 60 milyon ton atık su Van Gölüne ve akarsulara deşarj edilmektedir. Bu suyun tarımsal amaçlı kullanılmasıyla sulanamayan alanlara bir miktarda olsa sulama suyu sağlanabilecektir. Bu çalışmada Van ilinin mevcut su durumu ile tarımsal alanlarda sulama suyu ve atık suyun kullanım potansiyelinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.