Pınar Öktem Erkartal - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Pınar Öktem Erkartal

An Inquiry into the Application of Biophilic Design Principles in Contemporary University Designs

Environment can have a positive or negative effect on human beings. This effect has beena topic o... more Environment can have a positive or negative effect on human beings. This effect has beena topic of interest for environmental psychologists, who have strived over the years to under-stand the environmental attributes, which would be favourable to people in physical, mental,and psychological terms. The present study focusses on biophilic design, one of the populartheories in the architectural literature aimed to create high quality and liveable environments.The positive effects of biophilic design have been investigated from different perspectives andthus it has become a well-accepted approach in the relevant architectural literature.Accordingly, the present study aims to investigate to what extent biophilic design principleswere put into practice. In the context thereof, contemporary university structures were ana-lysed within the framework of biophilic design principles. The results suggest that althoughbiophilic elements were present in the design of these structures, they were not specificallyintended as biophilic design strategies. Nevertheless, these designs reflected an approach thatemphasized human-nature interaction. In that regard, the principles of biophilic design arealigned with key parameters of good design, and architects have regarded nature asa significant design element.

Livenarch+, 2024

Architectural form is shaped in the light of many different parameters. This process is influence... more Architectural form is shaped in the light of many different parameters. This process is influenced by the environmental context as well as the message the architect wants to convey through the building. In terms of revealing how an architectural structure communicates with its environment, semiotic concepts have been a guidance throughout history. This study deals with semiotic concepts in architecture through station buildings. The reason for choosing station buildings is that these buildings are nodes that are introductory, orientating and character-emphasizing for their surroundings. In the study, the concepts of icon, index and symbol, which constitute the three main branches of semiotics, are examined by interpreting three different case studies that are seen as their equivalents in architectural design. The results of the analyses reveal that these three concepts create form formations of different characters in architecture, but they are effective on the user in terms of the character of the environment, the expression of its historical or unique aspects.

İDEALKENT, May 31, 2016

Kent, oluştukları dönemin kültürünü, sosyal yapısını, estetik kaygılarını ve yapım teknolojilerin... more Kent, oluştukları dönemin kültürünü, sosyal yapısını, estetik kaygılarını ve yapım teknolojilerini yansıtan mimari katmanlardan oluşmaktadır. Kültürel mirası tanımlayan mimari katmanların tarihsel süreklilik içinde zamana yayılarak kendiliğinden geliştiği veya önemli kırılmalar esnasında dış dinamiklere bağlı olarak aniden başkalaştığı her evre, kente ve sosyo-kültürel yaşama ilişkin çok değerli bir tarihi belge niteliği taşımaktadır. Koruma kavramı, kent belleğini oluşturan taşınmaz kültür varlıklarının nesilden nesile doğru aktarımı açısından son derece önemlidir. Yeni yaklaşım, uygulama ve akademik araştırmalarla gelişen ve değişen koruma disiplini bünyesindeki tartışmalardan birisi de yurtiçi ve yurtdışında farklı uygulamalarına rastlanan rekonstrüksiyon projeleridir. İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Almanya'nın en çok zarar gören bölgelerinden birisi olan Münster, doğal afetler veya dünya savaşları gibi dinamiklerin kentin mimari katmanlarında yarattığı ani değişim ve bu değişim sonrasında kentsel koruma kapsamında uygulanan yeniden yapım süreci için değerli bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Münster'in tarihi kent merkezi, toplumsal kötü anıların silinmesi, kent tarihinin kaybolmaması, kentin dünya mirası içindeki yerini kazanması ve halkın aidiyet duygusu hissettiği kent mekânının yeniden üretilmesi amacıyla kentin mevcut Orta Çağ kent planına sadık kalınarak yeniden inşa edilmiş ve yeni yapılarla genişletilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kentsel koruma disiplini içerisinde rekonstrüksiyona bakışı özetlemek, konuyla ilişkili olarak savaş sonrası süreçte yeni yapım x yeniden yapım sorunsalını tartışmak ve kentsel sürekliliği rekonstrüksiyon projeleriyle sağlamış Münster kenti örneğini inceleyerek; konuyla ilgili hassas noktaların altını çizmektir. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan Münster Prinzipalmarkt yeniden yapım projesi halkın tamamının katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiş ve savaş sonrasında büyük hasar görmüş bir kentin yeniden güvenle yaşanabilir bir yerleşim bölgesine dönüşmesinde önemli bir tezleştirici (katalizör) olmuştur.

Modern mimaride biçimsel kurguların sorgulanması ve dokunsal mimarlık

Mimarlık bilimleri ve uygulamaları dergisi, Jan 30, 2021

Architecture and culture constantly interact with each other. Since the vernacular housing is bui... more Architecture and culture constantly interact with each other. Since the vernacular housing is built based on experience within the framework of the user's wishes and needs; it reflects both individual and social life strongly. Thanks to its unique spatial, structural and aesthetic features, "Turkish House" is a very important cultural heritage. In accordance with the lifestyle of the Turks, it has been shaped within the framework of principles such as adaptation to nature and the built environment, rationality, functionality, internal-external harmony (legibility), frugality, humanistic measures, regionalism, and flexibility. In this direction, the study aims to reveal the spatial organization of Yalvaç Tıraşzade Mansion within the framework of the "Turkish House". Turkish family life, social organization, climate characteristics of Central Anatolia, local riches, local acceptances are reflected in the spatial setup, facade, and details of Yalvaç Tıraşzade Mansion. In order to show this reflection, the building has been analysed over the cultural facts. In the study, where literature review and on-site observation were applied together as a method, a fiction flowing from the general view to the detailed examination of the case was chosen.

Modern mimaride biçimsel kurguların sorgulanması ve dokunsal mimarlık

Kent Akademisi, 2023

The basic design courses, which are usually in the first year of architectural education, also pr... more The basic design courses, which are usually in the first year of architectural education, also provide an environment where the student can think freely and design independently of some of the limitations. For this reason, basic design studios usually have content built upon the way architecture students try different thinking patterns and see different perspectives through interfaces established with different disciplines. This study presents the results of a basic design course in which abstraction is constructed as a creative thinking tool. Based on the fact that the design process is actually a new knowledge production, it uses students' design journeys and creative products as data. The design problem that forms the framework of the article is the abstraction of an art object and its transformation into an architectural space. This process consists of three stages: conversion of a selected classical painting into a two-dimensional graphic design by abstracting it, turning t...

Kentsel Koruma ve Rekonstrüksiyon: Münster Prinzipalmarkt Örneği

Kent, olustuklari donemin kulturunu, sosyal yapisini, estetik kaygilarini ve yapim teknolojilerin... more Kent, olustuklari donemin kulturunu, sosyal yapisini, estetik kaygilarini ve yapim teknolojilerini yansitan mimari katmanlardan olusmaktadir. Kulturel mirasi tanimlayan mimari katmanlarin tarihsel sureklilik icinde zamana yayilarak kendiliginden gelistigi veya onemli kirilmalar esnasinda dis dinamiklere bagli olarak aniden baskalastigi her evre, kente ve sosyo-kulturel yasama iliskin cok degerli bir tarihi belge niteligi tasimaktadir. Koruma kavrami, kent bellegini olusturan tasinmaz kultur varliklarinin nesilden nesile dogru aktarimi acisindan son derece onemlidir. Yeni yaklasim, uygulama ve akademik arastirmalarla gelisen ve degisen koruma disiplini bunyesindeki tartismalardan birisi de yurtici ve yurtdisinda farkli uygulamalarina rastlanan rekonstruksiyon projeleridir. Ikinci Dunya Savasi sonrasinda Almanya’nin en cok zarar goren bolgelerinden birisi olan Munster, dogal afetler veya dunya savaslari gibi dinamiklerin kentin mimari katmanlarinda yarattigi ani degisim ve bu degisim ...

Mimarlık Bilimleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi (MBUD), 2021

Sustainability is a very broad and comprehensive system of thinking that points to the vision of ... more Sustainability is a very broad and comprehensive system of thinking that points to the vision of "self-sustaining". Instead of destroying existing structures that had been left to fate because they lost their function and building a region from the beginning; it can be said that a transformation project that allows them to be re-evaluated can serve as a sustainability consideration. By regenerating idle industrial structures or sites, the heritage, which reflects the technological, social and economic values of a society, comes to life again. And at the same time, public benefits, such as improving the image of the city, creation of cultural attractions and diversity in cultural experience, are gained. The aim of this study is to demonstrate different applications with the aim of preserving, evaluating and re-enacting the fate-abandoned industrial heritage with a new function, through four different transformation projects that can be experienced in the Ruhr Region in Germany. It is thought that these approaches, which are gradually categorized between "intervention in the site at the minimum level" and "building the whole site from scratch", may be an inspiration to evaluate existing possibilities rather than to erase everything and do it again.

Dönüştürme eylemi mimarlık ve kent planlama disiplinlerinde pek çok farklı yelpazede ele alınmakt... more Dönüştürme eylemi mimarlık ve kent
planlama disiplinlerinde pek çok farklı yelpazede
ele alınmaktadır. Bunlar arasında şüphesiz en
bilinen ve en çok tartışılan kentsel dönüşüm ise
bu metin kapsamında yer almamaktadır. Bu
yazının aktörü, küllerinden doğarak kente yeniden
kazandırılabileceği vurgulanan ve son yıllarda gizli
potansiyelleri ülkemizde de keşfedilen “Endüstri
Mirası” nın bir parçasıdır.

As a result of the fear settled under the social consciousness, the undesirable underground volum... more As a result of the fear settled under the social consciousness, the undesirable underground volumes have become a necessity for crowded cities in particular. In everyday life, the metro stations where the individual interacts in the journey of the city are the public spaces that Nikolai Bobylev describes as “urban underground space”. In order to meet various passenger needs that range from transportation safety to physical comfort, a number of functional, structural, physical and psychological analyses of these urban spaces need to be done properly. However, in order to achieve the highest expectation of the user, which can be described as experiencing a different atmosphere, it is necessary to go beyond the basic design decisions and aim creating more interesting, memorable architectural spaces designed with concepts such as identity, authenticity, artistic interaction and naturalness. The aim of this study is to determine the design parameters of attractive underground spaces that allow the individual to leave the routine cycle of everyday life and to read them through applied or designed examples. These subway stations, which have received prestigious design awards among them, indicate that underground spaces that are integrated with the city in physical and cultural context and a part of the social context can be transformed into an interesting experience for the user and an important part of the urban image.

The city is composed of architectural layers which reflect the culture, social structure, archite... more The city is composed of architectural layers which reflect the culture, social structure, architectural aesthetics and construction technology of the period in which they emanated. Each stage, occurred spontaneously by development of the architectural layers in the historical continuity or by sudden metamorphoses depending on the external dynamics, has the characteristic of a historical document. The concept of preservation is extremely important for the transfer of the immovable cultural property constituting the urban memory from generation to generation. One of the controversies in this discipline is the reconstruction notion within which different applications can be seen inside and outside of the country. As one of the most damaged cities in Germany after the Second World War,
Münster constitutes a valuable example for the sudden change of architectural layers and the reconstruction process after this transition. The historic city center has been rebuilt by several reconstruction projects in keeping with the city's existing medieval urban plan and has been expanded with new buildings with intent to remove the social bad memories, to preserve the lost history of the city, to win a place in the world heritage and to make citizens feel attached to the place. This study aims to summarize the approach to reconstruction in the urban conservation discipline, to discuss the new-/ re-construction problematic in the post-war process and to underline the sensitive points on the subject by examining the case of Münster where the urban continuity
is provided by reconstruction projects, which were realized with the participation of the entire population and have been important catalysts for transforming the badly damaged urban pattern into a habitable zone.

Chromophobia is the title of a book by David Batchelor about the negative connotations attached t... more Chromophobia is the title of a book by David Batchelor about the negative connotations attached to colour in western culture and the
way this negative attitude combined with fear is reflected in western art and architecture. Batchelor defines chromophobia as a prejudice against colour, which has been systematically marginalised and devalued by association with concepts like ‘oriental’, ‘primitive’ and ‘feminine’ that are despised by western culture. As in all disciplines related to humanity and
culture, chromophobia has surreptitiously seeped into architecture, resulting in far less colour in the spatial and urban environment than there should be. Undoubtedly colour is far more than decorative; it is directly related to phenomena including place, nature, the body,
aesthetics, time, character, culture, idenity, movement, communication and psychology. As a design parameter that is hard to control, the anti-aesthetic consequences that can arise if it is wrongly used have a major share in the fear of colour. The relationship between colour and architecture, which has continued without interruption over history, from the earliest ages to the present day, becoming increasingly complex and diverse over time, has always been an important issue due to the powerful effect of colour on architectural design. Colour has sometimes emphasised architectural form and sometimes, on the contrary, concealed it. It has underscored the context, ensured that architecture is in touch with its environment, and added meaning, identity or a sense of belonging. In some cases colour has empowered the tectonic reading of space. It is one of the most important elements shaping the atmosphere of architectural space. It establishes spatial hierarchy, defines volume and surfaces, and idealises architectural space. Colour guides and communicates. When used correctly colour blurs spatial limits or
sharpens them. One comes across circumstances in which colour represents a different concept by encoding it. It has been the symbol of rebellion, freedom and peace. Sometimes it misleads, surprises; at other times it organises or disperses. In short colour has a very powerful effect on perception of the existing state of a space or form. This study draws attention to the subject of chromophobia, which makes its presence felt today in architectural education and practice, and discusses it with reference to buildings that have succeeded in overcoming it within the historical continuum.

Pedestrian footbridges, due to semantic corrosion in overpass footbridges and especially in our c... more Pedestrian footbridges, due to semantic corrosion in overpass footbridges and especially in our country, as opposed to the world’s examples, it is nearly impossible to come across to any new experiments in this building category. The author subjects two garden-footbridge examples that tried to develop a new perspective and a conceptual approach to these structures.

The society of ostentation, whose economic, social and cultural dynamics are based on fundamental... more The society of ostentation, whose economic,
social and cultural dynamics are based
on fundamentally visual phenomena like
representation, messages and symbols, directly
links the value of everything it wants to
present as a consumer item with its potential
to be transformed into an element of show.
Consequently the success of a desired object has
begun to be measured by its degree of showiness.
In the early years ostentatious projects that
reflected the consumer focused economic cycle in
architecture acted as catalysors in bringing about
economic, social and cultural rejuvenation of
cities; but unfortunately misinterpretations and/
or misguided expectations have in the long term
made architecture the form of production for the
society of ostentation.
Over almost fifteen years from the end of
the 1990s, star projects with astronomical
budgets, architectural forms that completely
ignored the texture of their surroundings,
of a size that crushed the human scale, an
insensibility that destroyed nature, and a cost
that stretched the society’s financial limits
began to damage themselves. This situation has
directed attention once more to antitheses of
ostentatious architecture whose object is only
self-aggrandisement.
This sensitive stance, which in architectural
literature has been defined by Morales, Eisenman
and Pallasmaa using concepts such as “weak”
or “fragile”, indicates an architectural design
philosophy that puts the spotlight on the
environment and the user rather than itself. This
study looks at Villa Vals, which it regards as one
of the best examples of this stance and which
stands right next to Therme Vals, designed by the
famous architect Peter Zumthor and described
as an architectural icon; and invites readers to
consider a humble approach to design.

Kapılarını 1 Mayıs’ta açan Expo 2015 Milano Dünya Fuarı 31 Ekim’de sona erdi. Fuar kapsamında, sü... more Kapılarını 1 Mayıs’ta açan Expo 2015 Milano Dünya Fuarı 31 Ekim’de sona erdi. Fuar kapsamında, sürdürülebilir gıda, gıda kalitesi ve güvenliği teması, 140’ın üzerinde katılımcı ülke, uluslararsrı firma ve çeşitli sivil toplum kuruluşları tarafından kurulan pavyonlar üzerinden tüm dünyaya aktarıldı. İlk kez 1851 yılında Londra’da düzenlendiğinden beri ülkelerin kültürel, ekonomik ve teknolojik bağlamda kendilerini tanıtma imkanı buldukları dev bir platform oluşturan etkinlik, her ne kadar seçilen temayı yeterince derin yansıtamamış olsa da; mimarlık üretimi açısından deneysel, ziyaretçiler açısından da farklı ve ilginç deneyimler sunan bir ortam oluşturdu. Hiç şüphesiz ki 18’in üzerinde pavyonun İlgi çekmek için rekabet halinde olduğu bu yoğun ve karmaşık atmosferde bazı pavyonlar diğerlerine göre öne çıkmayı başardı. Özellikle sergi yapılarının toplum, kültür, doğa ve mekan ilişkisini şekillendiriliş biçiminin mimari anlamda akılda kalıcılık açısından oldukça önemli bir unsura dönüştüğü söylenebilir. Mimari tasarımın yarattığı farkındalık onun gıda, insan ve toplumla ilgili mesajını ziyaretçiye ne tür bir deneyim oluşturarak sunduğuyla birebir ilişkili gibi görünüyor. Bu anlamda katılımcılarla karşılıklı etkileşim ortamı yaratan, çeşitli bilgi üretimlerinden yararlanarak kişiyi mimari mekanın bir parçası olmaya davet eden tasarımların diğerlerine oranla daha çok ziyaret edildiği gözleniyor. Literatürde bu tür dev etkinlikleri mimarlığı araçsallaştırması ve sadece gösteri amaçlı kurgulanmış dekorlara dönüştürmesi üzerinden eleştiren veya tam tersine mimari tasarımda yeni teknolojilerin ve avangart fikirlerin desteklenerek ortaya çıkması sebebiyle destekleyen birbirine karşıt görüşler bulunsa da; Expo 2015 mimarlık üretimi açısından ,olumlu veya olumsuz, kesinlikle ilgiyi hak ediyor.

Çocuğun bedensel, zihinsel ve ruhsal gelişimine sayısız katkı sağlayan oyun, dil, din, ulus ve kü... more Çocuğun bedensel, zihinsel ve ruhsal gelişimine sayısız katkı sağlayan oyun, dil, din, ulus ve kültür farkı olmaksızın tüm çocukların temel haklarından birisidir. Dijital oyunların artışı, tüketim kültüründeki değişim, betonlaşma, aile içi ilgisizlik gibi pek çok nedenle açık kamusal alanda oyun oynama kavramı neredeyse unutulma noktasına gelmiştir. Oysa; para ve bilgi akışı başta olmak üzere pek çok alanın somut düzlemden soyut düzleme kaydığı bir düzende, çocukların doğa-beden-madde-sanat ve mekân algısını beş duyu organı ve kendi hayal dünyası üzerinden geliştirmesi önemli ve gerekli bir durumdur. Türkiye’nin her kentinde aynı şekilde karşımıza çıkan, plastik malzemeden çocuk parklarının bu hassas noktaya pek de katkıda bulunmadıkları da açıktır. Tüm bu kaygılardan yola çıkılarak; bu çalışmada çocuk oyun alanı tasarımının önemine, Avrupa’nın çeşitli kentlerindeki tasarım örneklerine ve ülkemizdeki oyun alanları bağlamında yeni ve alışılmış dışı olarak nitelendirilebilecek bir örnek olan İstanbul Zorlu Center Çocuk Oyun Alanı’na değinilmiş; analiz ve incelemeler üzerinden çocuk oyun alanlarının nasıl daha ilgi çekici biçimde tasarlanabileceğine dair potansiyeller belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.

Memories, atmosphere, image, emotion, the body, senses, material, empty space, listening, remaini... more Memories, atmosphere, image, emotion, the body, senses, material, empty space, listening, remaining quiet, thinking, imagining, experiencing and feeling...All these are part of the buildings designed by 2009 Pritzker Prize winning architect Peter Zumthor...In these pages I will give a day by day account of a journey I took in February and August of 2013 just in order to experience these. This journal does not view architecture merely in terms of Ocularcentrism, productivity and function, but sets out of explain five of his designs, which as Juhani Pallasmaa has pointed out: “enable us to experience ourselves as fully embodied and spiritual beings”.

An Inquiry into the Application of Biophilic Design Principles in Contemporary University Designs

Livenarch+, 2024

İDEALKENT, May 31, 2016

Modern mimaride biçimsel kurguların sorgulanması ve dokunsal mimarlık

Mimarlık bilimleri ve uygulamaları dergisi, Jan 30, 2021

Modern mimaride biçimsel kurguların sorgulanması ve dokunsal mimarlık

Kent Akademisi, 2023

Kentsel Koruma ve Rekonstrüksiyon: Münster Prinzipalmarkt Örneği

Mimarlık Bilimleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi (MBUD), 2021

1985’ten Bugüne Avrupa Kültür Başkentleri ve İstanbul

During and after the architectural production process the utilitarian-aesthetic perspective, that... more During and after the architectural production process the utilitarian-aesthetic perspective, that dominates the perception of spatial quality and architectural success in the West has been named Ocular-centrism. However, this point of view, which locates the vision as a dominant discourse in architectural design, has been criticized for ignoring the physical and psychological relation created between the subject and the space during the spatial experience, sensual memory, movement and time.
The Phenomenon of Touch which can be identified through the interaction between the architecture and the subject depending on the physical and cognitive perception indicates another way of thinking and interpreting the architecture and the presence of another starting point for designing.
The aim of this study is to search and describe the Phenomenon of Touch by design concepts, to present the affects of the hapticity in spatial experience on the user and to present a visualization study for this Phenomenon, which is more difficult to express as the features which can be seen and measured numerical.
For the fieldwork five buildings designed by Peter Zumthor who declares the importance of the sensation, materiality and the atmosphere in the architectural design process. During the study, Zumthor’s abstract design elements, their use in architectural space and the affect was determined using a physical measurement. The findings have been represented in “haptic mapping”. This visualization study consists of “haptic scatter chart”, “materiality- affect analysis” and “sensation analysis” showed that, the Phenomenon of Touch and concepts identify it like sensations, influence, materiality and mental associations are not abstract and inaccessible assumptions, but tools which can be included in the architectural design process.

Online Journal of Arts and Design OJAD, Volume: 7, Issue: 3, July – 2019; pp: 20 – 36. (DAAI Index), 2019

Before modernity arts and crafts produced by cultures were rooted in the common societal values a... more Before modernity arts and crafts produced by cultures were rooted in the common societal values and traditions of practice. Modernity as a corollary of political, cultural, and scientific revolutions caused radical changes in the constitution of cultures. At the beginning of the twentieth century arts experienced radical changes in their themes and communication techniques. Scientific advances that influenced all the world intellectuals while on the one hand, elevated arts to a universal level and enriched their themes with concepts such as movement, dynamism and simplicity, on the other hand rendered artistic interpretation, criticism and education questionable. In the 1960s the moving of the epicentre of artistic prominence from the mid-Europe to the USA supported first the Minimalism and later the social Expressionism via the artistic visionaries. Abstract art that at the same time opens itself to the criticism of the ordinary man but lacks the true interpretation of the basic meaning is deplete with serious innate problems of reading and methods of teaching apposite for the age. This study encouraged by the practice-based research that is promoted in the western world during the last couple of decades dwelt upon the readability of some concepts from the samples of abstract art. Upholding an assumption that artistic concepts are related to learning and remembering and might stem from the tacit knowledge, eight national abstract art pieces were selected and re-read via the concept of space/time. In the study that adopts persuasion method, the cases were read with semantic significance. It was concluded that although the cases seemed abstract artistic endeavours they hid a latent meaning. Thus the research proposes that the teaching of painting via concepts prove possible and pose a reliable pedagogical tool.

Düşey Si̇rkülasyon Elemani Olmanin Ötesi̇ne Geçen Merdi̇venler

The Journal of Academic Social Sciences

Düşey Si̇rkülasyon Elemani Olmanin Ötesi̇ne Geçen Merdi̇venler

The Journal of Academic Social Sciences

A+ArchDesign, 2019

As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem ... more As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem and consequent shrinkage of habitable areas, the concept of “sustainability” has become an important parameter at all stages in architectural discipline as in all fields. However, in some cases this notion has started to transform into an advertising tool developed to feed consumption due to its structure being open to interpretation, its current value and its lack of adequate supervision. Sustainability has three aspects that are economic, social and physical. Apart from the successful architectural designs that take all the values of sustainability into account, the concept has also been used as a popular culture item that enables the projects to come forward and be preferred by people. In this study, the phenomenon of “greenwashing” was examined and five architectural projects from Turkey with the claim of sustainability were evaluated within the criteria of three sustainability scopes.

MEGARON / Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Architecture E-Journal, 2015

Ocular-centrism is the utilitarian-aesthetic perspective which dominates the perception of spatia... more Ocular-centrism is the utilitarian-aesthetic perspective which dominates the perception of spatial quality and architectural success in the West. In locating vision as the dominant discourse in architectural design, this perspective has been criticized for ignoring the physical and psychological relation created between subject and space during the spatial experience, sensual memory, movement and time. The phenomenon of touch, which may be defined as the interaction between architecture and subject dependent on physical and cognitive perception, offers another way of thinking and interpreting architecture, and constitutes an alternative starting point for design. The aim of this study was threefold: to research and describe the phenomenon of touch in design concepts, to present the effects of hapticity in spatial experience on the user, and to present a visualization study for this phenomenon which is quite challenging to express. For the fieldwork, five buildings designed by Peter Zumthor were chosen. Zumthor stresses the importance of sensation, materiality and atmosphere in the architectural design process. Zumthor's abstract design elements, their use in architectural space and the effect were determined using physical measurement. The findings were represented in "haptic mapping". This visualization study consisted of a "haptic scatter chart", "materiality-affect analysis" and "sensation analysis" and revealed that the phenomenon of touch and concepts identified it such as sensations, influence, materiality and mental associations are not abstract and inaccessible assumptions, but tools which can be included in the architectural design process.

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

The main objective of the study is to investigate the possibilities of adaptive reuse for the pro... more The main objective of the study is to investigate the possibilities of adaptive reuse for the protection of cultural heritage buildings. It aims to set Istanbul Drapers’ Bazaar (IDB), as an example of the buildings with similar characteristics and importance and for the cities hosting those structures upon an application of the AdaptSTAR method, which was developed to assess the conversion potential of buildings. Focused on a bazaar complex, an important example of modern architectural heritage, the present study contributes to the healthy transfer of the building to future generations and the improvement of its international recognition by investigating it in the context of convertibility. In this study, a mixed-mode research methodology including a two-stage approach was adopted. The first stage includes detailed qualitative interviews conducted with the architect and the administrative unit manager of the bazaar complex. The second stage consists of a survey conducted with a grou...

A Method in Urban Reading: Perception of Observer and Observed in the Architectural Layers of Edirne/Turkey

2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015, 2015

The discourse of the city as a conceptual structure is the state of its legibility. In the most b... more The discourse of the city as a conceptual structure is the state of its legibility. In the most basic sense the phenomenon of ‘legibility’ is related with the citizens’ or/and visitors’ perception and interpretation the city. In this context, any kind of perspective set out to understand the city has the potential to turn into an urban reading method that centralizes different interpretations. By resolving the complex structure of the city, each historical formation can be called as a ‘layer’. It can be realized that each layer produces an integrative transformation by affecting and converting both the previous and next layer to itself. One of the most important point in this transformation process is the perceptive metamorphosis occurred in the “observer” and “observed” relation. According to Quantum Theory, the “observer and observed awareness” based to the idea that each new observation proves a new perception. It indicates that the observer and the observed components influence each other by creating a different whole at every single time. So observing an event as an observer makes it possible to discover both the monitored thing and her at the same time. Thus, it can be understood that in the development process of the city's architectural layers, notions like ‘experience’, ‘audience’, ‘impression’, ‘observer’ and ‘observed’, are always in a continuous interaction and transformation. Thus, while a structure is the observer subject in its historical layer it can become an observed object when another layer is added. As the former capital of the Ottoman Empire, Edirne is one of the cities in Turkey, which has a cultural and architectural layered structure. This study indicates the perceptual and spatial differences when a structure becomes an observer and an observed at the same time through the case study of Edirne. The study which grounds a urban reading method centers the notions of ‘understanding’, ‘perception’ and ‘interpretation’, will also provide an impartial review of assertions by including architectural and perceptual impression of the city of Edirne.

Mimarlık Eğitiminde Deneysel ve Özgürleştirici Bir Tasarım Deneyimi Olarak Çalıştaylar

This study aims to analyze workshops generating an informal learning media supplementary to the c... more This study aims to analyze workshops generating an informal learning media supplementary to the curriculum on architectural design education. In the framework of realization that following a particular curriculum but mostly taking out the formal rules in architectural design education and that the education continues everywhere, raises workshops as an alternative learning environment. As an educational experience workshops include sharing information and knowledge of different professionals/experts workshops accompanied by a program or a theme. The importance of workshops increases day by day especially for international education institutions, for architectural production companies and for professional chambers. Besides the participants gain experience, workshops make it possible to share knowledge of experts. Thus workshops emerge as a shining star especially in the 20th and 21st century and as a new phenomenon in architectural education. These informal studios, except from the curriculum in architectural design education should be considered as a work environment that aims to complete the missing aspects of the formal studio courses in the school and to give participants the opportunity to work with other disciplines. Additionally workshops gain students self- confidence and teach them looking from different point of views. Precisely for this reason, workshops that bring different architectural environments (with national/international intercollegiate cooperation) and various disciplines together should be seen as an important and essential extension of the design education. Ensuring the intercollegiate information interaction, organizing individual and group study and enabling to develop architectural solutions to a contemporary urban problem in a very limited time interval, workshops give the opportunity to create different point of views about a specific topic in intellectual freedom. The importance of the workshops that are differentiating from the formal design studios are quite remarkable due to their creativity encouraging structure both in completely intellectual or practical level. This study is written to mention the reasons for the emergence of workshops, their pedagogical structure and the variations on the most selected topics. Within the scope of this study the differences between workshops and formal design studios, the reasons of the increasing number of this informal studios, the expected benefits of workshops and the possible threads has been discussed.

İspanya da İki Kent İki Yapı (Museu Blau ve Caixaforum izlenimleri üzerinden Herzog & De Meuron'a mimarca bakış)

İnsanın gündelik hayatının en önemli parçalarından olan çalışma mekânları, küresel ve yerel dinam... more İnsanın gündelik hayatının en önemli parçalarından olan çalışma mekânları, küresel ve yerel dinamikler sonucunda zaman içinde ortaya çıkan belirli kırılma noktalarında dönüşmüş ve kimi zaman da eşzamanlı olarak farklı coğrafyalarda farklı türevlerle çeşitlenen bir oluşum sergilemiştir. Dijital teknolojilerin hızla geliştiği günümüzde ve özellikle tüm dünyayı sarmış olan ve ne kadar süreceği bilinmeyen pandemi koşullarında da tüm çalışma mekânları sorgulanmaya ve yeniden yapılandırılmaya başlanmıştır. Pandemi koşullarında ortaya çıkan bir takım zorunluluklar, "yeni normal" olarak adlandırılan salgın sonrası dönem için, başta eğitim, alışveriş ve barınma olmak üzere bazı işlevlere ait mekânların yeniden tanımlanması ve planlanması aciliyetinin altını çizmiştir. Bu süreçte, çalışma mekânlarının da, farklı alternatiflerin bir arada düşünülüp kurgulanabileceği, esnek, dönüşüme ve adaptasyona uygun mekanlar olarak tasarlanmasının önemi anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, ofis tipolojisinin tarihsel süreci araştırılmış, tarım toplumundan sanayi toplumuna ve oradan da bilişim toplumuna uzanan bu süreçte nasıl bir geçişim sergilediği anlatılmıştır. Bu bilgilendirmenin ardından metnin esas odak noktası olan sanal ve hazır ofis kavramlarına detaylı olarak değinilmiştir. Kullanıcının gerçekte fiziksel bir mekâna sahip bir ofisi olmadığı halde bazı ofis hizmetlerinden faydalanabilmesi koşulunu yaratan sanal ofisin mekânsal kullanımı geleneksel ofis ve hazır ofis tiplerindeki mekân kullanımlarıyla karşılaştırılmış ve bulgular tablolaştırılmıştır. Bilişim toplumunun yeni çalışma mekânları olarak kabul edilebilecek olan sanal ve hazır ofisler olumlu ve olumsuz yönler barındırmaktadır. Bu yanları sunan metin, literatüre bu ofis tiplerinin en çok karıştırıldığı diğer tiplerden farklarını net olarak ortaya koyarak katkıda bulunmayı hedeflemektedir.

Transparency as A Component of Public Space

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Transparency is an element that establishes indoor space and outer space relationships; and deter... more Transparency is an element that establishes indoor space and outer space relationships; and determines the existence and strength of this relationship, as well as the ability to transmit light and contribute to visual interiors. However, apart from all these, transparency allows buildings to be an urban element, except the buildings, which require privacy at a higher level, such as housing. While transparent facades used in the houses integrate the building with nature; transparency in public buildings gives the message that everything is clear and it offers the possibility to fuse with other urban elements. For this reason, in the scope of the study, transparency is regarded as a recreating element of public space; and its ability to attach the interior space to urban life is focused on. The theoretical part of the essay is based on the meaning of transparency in terms of architectural and urban space and how transparency is conceptualized in the literature. The meaning of transparency as an element that defines architectural and public space physically, symbolically, and socially and the way in which this meaning takes place in architecture is examined in detail through three main headings based on the research in international literature. These are; literal, phenomenal and experiential. Literal transparency indicates how clear the visual boundary between the interior and the exterior space is, depending on the physical characteristics of the material. Phenomenal transparency is a type of architectural organization rather than the visual qualities of material used on the facade. Briefly, it describes the layered structure of the facade elements, voids and even the form and their existence in a certain harmony without interfering with each other. Finally, experiential transparency is concerned with how easily the user can access the building and how the structure relates to the urban space. In this context, Yapı Kredi Cultural Center in Istiklal Street-Beyoğlu, one of the most important Streets in Istanbul-Turkey, is selected as a case study. This new-to-old project is discussed within the framework of the concepts of " literal, phenomenal and experiential transparency ". The building, which is designed and renovated by Teget Architecture, is located in a street, where social life vitality became increasingly questioning during the recent years. In this context, it is observed that the building will contribute to the public character of the Istiklal Street. It has been observed that transparency has made the building an important component of public space by making street users feel the continuity of the outdoor inside. At this point, the study reveals that public and cultural experiences and urban continuity can be achieved through transparency and it contributes the literature in this respect.

New Design Ideas , 2024

Green design as one of the important constituents of the sustainability concept, has recently bec... more Green design as one of the important constituents of the sustainability concept, has recently become a preferred approach in the design of office buildings. Previous studies on the economic, ecological aspects and employee comfort/efficiency of green office designs with a rapid increase in number across the world, suggested the positive effects of the foregoing approach on both employees and the environment. Nevertheless, there are only a limited number of studies on the design character of green office interiors in the relevant literature. Accordingly, the present study aimed to examine the manifestations of design in green office interiors and discuss a less frequently addressed aspect of the green design, i.e., the design character. Therefore, the office buildings selected for the purposes of the present study were scrutinized on the basis of visuals and plans of the projects that were accessible to public. The results were suggestive of the fact that spatial organizations were designed upon a modular approach and with organizations that allowed flexible arrangements, that natural fabric and materials were in frequent use, that natural daylight played an important role in every design and that the human scale was attached importance in terms of dimensions.

New Design Ideas, 2024

Lace as A Cultural Element in Turkish Home Decoration

Textile, 2025

Crochet lace not only serves as an esthetic element in Turkish culture, but it is also a symbol o... more Crochet lace not only serves as an esthetic element in Turkish culture, but it is also a symbol of time, labor, and women’s existence. Each crochet lace piece is marked with the traces of a life practice that embodies patience, skill, and creativity. These elegant pieces, crafted by mothers and grandmothers, have become a part of our cultural heritage, which has been passed on from family to family. Nevertheless, the decreased role of lace in home decoration is indicative of the risk of losing this cultural heritage. This study aimed to investigate the place of lace, which reflects the patience, skill and creativity of women, in Turkish culture and its importance in home decoration, and to introduce the lace by the family elders for the dowry chests of young women. This article aims to create a cultural memory as a journey to carry the labor of the past to the future.

JOURNAL OF ASIAN ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENGINEERING, 2025

IArcSAS, 2023

The concept of space is a human construct, which is the sum of the boundaries created within the ... more The concept of space is a human construct, which is the sum of the boundaries created within the natural environment for a specific purpose or need. At the same time, spaces are an expression of the organization that embodies the social relationship that human life establishes with its immediate environment. Spaces, which encompass human relations and the various subcomponents of these relations during daily life and host different processes of life, are places where perceptions and experiences transform into consciousness, character and memories. Therefore, spaces are equipped with the meanings and identities that people attribute to them. However, spaces can sometimes lose their physical and existential opportunities they provide to people due to different natural disasters, especially earthquakes. This study presents temporary modular "basic living unit" proposals that offer flexible use, easy to produce and install, portable, healthy, comfortable and economical, "shelter" function prioritized solution alternatives for disaster victims. In this context, it focuses on the design process addressed within the scope of the "Modular Systems" course of Istanbul Galata University Department of
Interior Architecture and Environmental Design in the Spring semester of 2022-2023. Through the process of experimentation and the presentation of the selected final works, it opens the subject to discussion as an important design problem with the aim of consideration and diversification. Four designs selected among the projects developed by the students during the fourteen-week semester constitute the sample of the study. Thus, it was tried to create safe and meaningful living environments for the user which temporarily meets the need for shelter in a short time after the disaster.

The problematic of new architectural design in the historical context occupies an important place... more The problematic of new architectural design in the historical context occupies an important place in the architectural design education and criticism. It is a matter that should be constantly re-considered in the cities where the urban image is primarily formed with the historical environment. In a large majority of the architectural projects in Turkey, which has hosted various civilizations for centuries, the need to decide between different approaches such as the new and old design compatibility or contrast, touching the old or leaving it as it is, emerges. The sensitivity of the issue has increased further due to unacceptable practices, such as the replica and the redesign of the historical urban pattern. Due to the variety of applications and the lack of an absolute
correct accepted method for the relation between the new design and the old context, the new architectural design in the historical context can become an important challenge for the architects. When this challenge begins with a design idea and becomes a physical reality that is experienced by the body, it can be concluded positive or negative in a critical manner. This process, however, becomes more clearly thanks to each new design idea, allowing more alternatives to be created. In this context, architectural design competitions, where all design interpretations prepared with different perspectives is visible at once, should be regarded as a valuable guide. Competitions that offer different and unique solutions for the same design problem can be seen as a source of unlimited data for architectural theory and practice. They are an opportunity for every architect to participate in the profession as an independent and free designer, as well as to bring new ideas to the architectural profession. Competitions are very important in terms of strengthening the ethics of architecture. They also provide the opportunity for architects, urban planners, landscape architects and students to be included in the environment required by architectural ethics. The aim of this study is to examine the problematic of new architectural design in historical context through project proposals in architectural competitions. In this context, the text examines different design decisions inselected urban and architectural design competitions in Turkey based on this problem and opens them up as possible design solutions for discussion.

This study is a rhetoric reading deals with re-interpretation of the phenomenon of “boundary” in ... more This study is a rhetoric reading deals with re-interpretation of the phenomenon of “boundary” in architecture and its process of evolution into the “immensity”. The goal of the study is to bring forward the searching of “boundlessness” in architectural space by analyzing the discourses and buildings of architects, who are also questioning borders in architecture. In this direction texts and/or buildings produced by Toyo Ito, Stan Allen, Foreign Office Architects and Greg Lynn, who bring a different perspective to the concept of bound(ary)/lessness, has been scoped. Today, instead it had restricted definitions as a concept, bound(ary)/lessness is seen more as a notion of being interpreted and produced with other ideas. Those products that are reproduced are the alternative interpretations of the designers to the following question “is the boundlessness in architectural space possible?”.

As a conclusion, it can be said, that the phenomenon of boundary has been handled in many different contexts like making the perception of boundary transparent by blurring the boundary of the form, combination of redefined topography and structure, reproducing of the figure-ground relation and the fluidness of the structural elements. This paper at this concept is an attempt to set forth the representations of the “boundary” concept in the light of the discourses and structures.

The discourse of the city as a conceptual structure is the state of its legibility. In the most b... more The discourse of the city as a conceptual structure is the state of its legibility. In the most basic sense the phenomenon of ‘legibility’ is related with the citizens’ or/and visitors’ perception and interpretation the city. In this context, any kind of perspective set out to understand the city has the potential to turn into an urban reading method that centralizes different interpretations. By resolving the complex structure of the city, each historical formation can be called as a ‘layer’. It can be realized that each layer produces an integrative transformation by affecting and converting both the previous and next layer to itself. One of the most important point in this transformation process is the perceptive metamorphosis occurred in the “observer” and “observed” relation. According to Quantum Theory, the “observer and observed awareness” based to the idea that each new observation proves a new perception. It indicates that the observer and the observed components influence each other by creating a different whole at every single time. So observing an event as an observer makes it possible to discover both the monitored thing and her at the same time. Thus, it can be understood that in the development process of the city's architectural layers, notions like ‘experience’, ‘audience’, ‘impression’, ‘observer’ and ‘observed’, are always in a continuous interaction and transformation. Thus, while a structure is the observer subject in its historical layer it can become an observed object when another layer is added.
As the former capital of the Ottoman Empire, Edirne is one of the cities in Turkey, which has a cultural and architectural layered structure. This study indicates the perceptual and spatial differences when a structure becomes an observer and an observed at the same time through the case study of Edirne. The study which grounds a urban reading method centers the notions of ‘understanding’, ‘perception’ and ‘interpretation’, will also provide an impartial review of assertions by including architectural and perceptual impression of the city of Edirne.

This study, prepared under Livenarch 2017 with the theme of Rejecting / Reversing Architecture be... more This study, prepared under Livenarch 2017 with the theme of Rejecting / Reversing Architecture being debated, evaluates the biographical design framework of the two crushing projects that can be described as new empirical studies for the individual's urban experience. The New York High line and Low line projects point to alternatives to producing more livable spaces in high-density urban areas, as well as overturning epistemological perceptions such as architecture-green tissue, urban space-natural space, and under-over-ground.
In the context of the study Biophilic design criteria will be used when evaluating Low line and High line projects. As a field of sustainable design, Biophilic design seeks to maintain the human-nature interaction in the built environment. Biophilic Design is a concept derived from the Biophilia Hypothesis which Wilson describes as "the instinctual closeness of humans to nature" describes the types of relationships that people establish with nature.
The aim of this study is to examine the design of alternative biophilic public spaces that emerged when the areas of urban expansion spreading towards their periphery began to become insufficient for the increasingly urban population. With this goal, two successful experimental projects that offer an unusual urban experience will be addressed through biophilic design. While studying human nature interaction in High Line project; the current status of the Lowline project will be assessed and biophilic design recommendations related to the development of the design will be presented.

Interior Architectural Issues - Design, Theory & Philosophy, 2023

Interior architecture is a multidimensional field that focuses on the interior design of the buil... more Interior architecture is a multidimensional field that focuses on the interior design of the built environment, as well as the space that has the potential to be defined. This area aims to offer 'design' by producing the most appropriate solutions according to functional, structural and aesthetic criteria in a space, as well as the 'anthropometric', 'sensory' and 'perceptual-mental' aspects of the user. Understanding the space, which is one of the most basic requirements for existence, has always been a curiosity and an endless subject of research, questioning and interpretation for designers. The space, which can be described as a piece of space whose boundaries are determined by the senses, is at the center of the discipline of interior architecture. In this context, the subject of space and the act of designing the space is the artistic fiction of the contact that human and artificial nature will establish with each other. Interior architecture issues began to be institutionalized in the United States in the early 1900s in the field of industry and education. This formation, which contains fine arts in its essence, has become a multidimensional profession accepted in a significant part of the world in a short time. Although interior architecture as a profession was initially structured as a special field that developed with the focus of architecture, it currently maintains its unique professional structuring in a dynamic phenomenon. Interior Architecture profession has become a 'basic science field' that continues its development with expansions to 'design', 'theory', 'philosophy', 'environmental psychology', 'conservation-renewal', 'history', 'material', 'structure', 'physical environment control' and 'education'. Naturally, there is a shortage of written documentation and resources in the field of Interior Architecture, which can be considered new. In order to support the development of the field of interior architecture, it is inevitable to deal with and examine all its dimensions and to put forward concrete documentation by making future projections.

YAPI / TASARIM BULUŞMALARI, 2023

Uluslararası Livre de Lyon Yayınevi bünyesinde editörlüğünü yürütmüş olduğumuz "YAPI / TASARIM BU... more Uluslararası Livre de Lyon Yayınevi bünyesinde editörlüğünü yürütmüş olduğumuz "YAPI / TASARIM BULUŞMALARI" başlıklı bu kitapta, mimarlık disiplininin farklı alanlarında gerçekleştirilmiş olan güncel çalışmaları sunmayı amaçlamaktayız. On bölümden oluşan ve tasarım, yapı teknolojileri, kent araştırmaları ve stüdyo deneyimleri gibi içerikler çerçevesinde, çağdaş yaklaşım, yöntem ve mimari yapılara temas eden çalışmamızı okuyucularımızın beğenisine sunmaktayız. Kitapta yer alan çalışmaları, emek ve katkılarının yanında, hazırlık ve yayın sürecindeki sabır ve destekleri için değerli yazarlarımıza sonsuz teşekkürlerimizi sunarız. Ayrıca, zamanlarını ayırıp bölümlere hakemlik yaparak çalışmamıza katkı sunan hocalarımıza ve kitabımızın yayın sürecindeki destekleri için Livre de Lyon Yayınevi'nin değerli çalışanlarına çok teşekkür ederiz.

Materiart: Architectural Design, Research and Technology, 2022

In the discipline of architecture, materialization refers to the state of transition of an abstra... more In the discipline of architecture, materialization refers to the state of transition of an abstract thing like an idea or concept into a concrete situation like the architectural structure. The creative idea, inspiration, or concept, which forms the root of the architect’s design, enters the process of materialization as soon as it is visualized by the command of the mind to the hands. This process, however, is not complete until it becomes tangible and open to experience by the human body. In other words, the idea that constitutes the starting point of the design is materialized only when it is embodied with form, structure, and building materials. The special session of “Materiality as archi-text (ure)”, which is held within the scope of MateriART 2020 questions and searches for alternative relationships between architectural design, materialization process, text, and texture. This study draws attention to the importance of the material in the phenomenological approach that focuses on body, feelings, touch, experience, and influence in architecture. The text mainly sees the concept of materiality as a form of architectural expression and tries to explain this argument through the Eskişehir Odunpazarı Modern Museum designed by the famous architect Kengo Kuma, who has built his design philosophy on the power and possibilities of the materials.

Mimari Yansımalar: Şengül Öymen Gür'e Armağan, 2020

İleri Öz”ün Seçimi Genişletilmiş öz, fizyolojik ve teknolojik becerileri ve karmaşık beyin yapısı... more İleri Öz”ün Seçimi
Genişletilmiş öz, fizyolojik ve teknolojik becerileri ve karmaşık beyin yapısı sayesinde çağı yakalamayı başarmış bir benliğin tanımıdır. Ancak bu öz, aynı zamanda çevresiyle empati kurmayı ve kendisi için uzun vadede iyi olanı şu anki zevklerine tercih etmeyi başaran bir akla da karşılık geliyor. Bu, kapitalizmin her alanda ihtiyacı olandan fazla tüketim yapmaya cesaretlendirdiği standart bireyin davranışını tersyüz eden bir görüş. Önemi ise sadece insanlık için değil; tüm yeryüzünü ilgilendiriyor.
İlki Club of Rome tarafından 1972 yılında, diğer ikisi de peş peşe 1992 ve 2004 yıllarında yazılan Limits to Growth (Ekonomik Büyümenin Sınırları) serisi, sınırsız büyümenin sonuçlarını gözler önüne seren simülasyonları ortaya koyan bir çalışma. Bu eserlerin sonuçları ise aslında insanlığa iki seçenek sunuyor: Birincisi uyarıları dikkate almadan aynı yaşam şeklini sürdürmek ve besin savaşlarına karşı hayatta kalan nesli kutlamak. Diğeri ise aza kanaat ederek daha barışçıl ve huzurlu bir süreç geçirmek ve su savaşları olmadan yaşamayı başaran stabil bir toplum yaratmak.
Bu yazının amacı, Prof.Dr. Şengül Öymen Gür’ün konuşmasında bahsettiği “ileri öz”ün (extended self) kendi geleceği için nasıl bir yaşam biçimi seçeceğini tartışmak ve mimarlar başta olmak üzere mekân üretiminin bir parçası olan tüm aktörleri bu konu üzerine düşünmeye davet etmektir.

2015 Fener-Balat Workshop focused on a much delicate and controversial subject, which never seize... more 2015 Fener-Balat Workshop focused on a much delicate and controversial subject, which never seizes to be popular and which is probably a topic that the student will visit regularly during his education and after graduation: “infill design in a historic setting”. It is delicate because it stands at the intersection of city, architectural character, memory, zeitgeist and current design techniques. To design a new building in a historic setting, and furthermore to do this literally by “touching” history (infill design), is quite a challenging task. Since there are no established rules regarding the subject, some need to be negotiated.
Research on the question of how to establish a dialog between the existing fabric and the new form is pivotal in a discussion such as this. This study aims to present a classification on design approaches that are used for “completing” voids that are the results of destruction, deterioration, abandoning or gentrification. The classification is based on literature review regarding the interaction between the old and new, which cannot be explained with a single doctrine; and is analyzed through certain examples. The study, on the other hand, tries to examine alternative design approaches varying from imitation to ignoring the context foregrounding to establish some sort of relation between cultural heritage and contemporary architecture.
The study gives a systematic overview of five different approaches regarding urban and architectural designs in historic settings. It is independent of any architectural style or era and can be used with all types of surroundings and architectural programs. The “Design Scalar” presented here can be used in architectural education, central and local government tenders and so forth; and may be improved by continuous “feed-backs”. However, it should be noted that the “Design Scalar” is a guide rather than imposition.

Bireyin etrafındaki diğer bireyler hakkında neredeyse herşeyi bildiği, tanıdık ve güvenilir özel ... more Bireyin etrafındaki diğer bireyler hakkında neredeyse herşeyi bildiği, tanıdık ve güvenilir özel alanın aksine kamusal mekan; aynı görüşü ve menfaati paylaşmayan, birbirinden farklı karakterdeki kişilerin bir araya gelerek tanıştığı, tartıştığı, rekabet ettiği ve en önemlisi de bu farklılıkları bir ölçüde kabul ederek uyum içinde olmaya gayret ettiği bir eylem alanı olarak tanımlanabilir. Kentsel kamusal mekan, farklılıkların ve aykırılıkların bir aradalığına imkan veren ilişkiler sistemi olarak gündelik hayatın şekillendiği yerdir.
Bu kapsamda, kamusal mekanın soyut göstergeler bütününden sıyrılarak; fiziksel çevre ve bu çevreye karşı toplumun ürettiği semantik kodları bünyesinde toplayan yaşanan mekana dönüşümü oldukça önemli ve gereklidir. Ancak o zaman homojen olma hedefi güden tasarlanmış mekanın öngörülen kodları yıkılıp yeniden üretilerek mekanın içinde saklı olan çelişkiler ve farklar bir başka değişle potansiyel ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Bir mekanın içinde saklı olan potansiyeli keşfetme arzusunun kökleri 1950’li yıllarda ortaya çıkan Durumcu Hareket’e dayanmaktadır. Durumcuların kent kaşifi dérive, olağan dışı, beklenmedik hareketleri ve biraz da muhalif duruyuşla, çoğunluk tarafından tabu olarak görülen eylemlere yatkınlık göstererek; baskın görüşün gündelik kodlarını yıkar. Bu sayede, (kentsel/kamusal) mekanı kimsenin yaklaşmadığı bir bakış açısıyla irdeler ve yeniden üretir. Bugünün metropolünü ve bu kentsel doku içinde sosyal ilişkilerin üretildiği kamusal mekanı kendi yorumuyla keşfeden çağdaş dérive’ın tekerlek üzerinde bir atmosferden diğerine hızlı bir şekilde geçen ve kamusal mekanı baskın olan çoğulcu görüşün tanımladığı mekansal ilişkilerden bağımsız yaşayan kaykaycı olduğu iddia edilebilir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, çağdaş bir kent kaşifi olarak ele alınan bireyin kamusal mekanı keşfediş yöntemlerini ve bu keşif sonunda kamusal mekanın tasarlanan mekandan yaşanan mekana geçişimini ele almaktır. Çalışma kapsamında önce kamusal mekan, mekanın üretimi ve dérive olguları tartışılmış, daha sonra bu çerçevede değişik kentsel kodları oluşturan bireyin mekanla kurduğu diyaloğa odaklanılmıştır. Bu diyalog, beden-mekan ve zaman arasında kurulan ancak görünürlüğü belirsiz olan anlık potansiyel mekanları açığa çıkararak; kamusal mekanı geçirgen ve ayrımsal mekana dönüştürmektedir.

This study aims to analyze workshops generating an informal learning media supplementary to the c... more This study aims to analyze workshops generating an informal learning media supplementary to the curriculum on architectural design education. In the framework of realization that following a particular curriculum but mostly taking out the formal rules in architectural design education and that the education continues everywhere, raises workshops as an alternative learning environment.
As an educational experience workshops include sharing information and knowledge of different professionals/experts workshops accompanied by a program or a theme. The importance of workshops increases day by day especially for international education institutions, for architectural production companies and for professional chambers. Besides the participants gain experience, workshops make it possible to share knowledge of experts. Thus workshops emerge as a shining star especially in the 20th and 21st century and as a new phenomenon in architectural education.
These informal studios, except from the curriculum in architectural design education should be considered as a work environment that aims to complete the missing aspects of the formal studio courses in the school and to give participants the opportunity to work with other disciplines. Additionally workshops gain students self- confidence and teach them looking from different point of views. Precisely for this reason, workshops that bring different architectural environments (with national/international intercollegiate cooperation) and various disciplines together should be seen as an important and essential extension of the design education.
Ensuring the intercollegiate information interaction, organizing individual and group study and enabling to develop architectural solutions to a contemporary urban problem in a very limited time interval, workshops give the opportunity to create different point of views about a specific topic in intellectual freedom. The importance of the workshops that are differentiating from the formal design studios are quite remarkable due to their creativity encouraging structure both in completely intellectual or practical level.
This study is written to mention the reasons for the emergence of workshops, their pedagogical structure and the variations on the most selected topics. Within the scope of this study the differences between workshops and formal design studios, the reasons of the increasing number of this informal studios, the expected benefits of workshops and the possible threads has been discussed.

BİR MİMARİ ÇALIŞTAY DENEYİMİ: PSİDİA ANTİOKHEİA’DAN GEÇERKEN MİMARİ DENEMELER, DEĞMELER, DEĞİNMEL... more BİR MİMARİ ÇALIŞTAY DENEYİMİ: PSİDİA ANTİOKHEİA’DAN GEÇERKEN MİMARİ DENEMELER, DEĞMELER, DEĞİNMELER...