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Papers by samuel O S A R E T I N uwaifo PhD

Journal of Civil & Legal Sciences Jo urna l o f C iv il & Le g a l S c ie nces, 2019

The problem of underdevelopment, high level of poverty, inequality in resource sharing, and wealt... more The problem of underdevelopment, high level of poverty, inequality in resource sharing, and wealth control and in the socio-political composition of the Nigerian state, creates tension, instability, insecurity and countless agitation for restructuring, fairness, justice and equity, and very recently, Biafra agitation. This has dominated the discourse in the Nigerian polity today, prompted for increased participation, involvement and inclusion of every ethnic Nationalities in the Nigerian society for equal sharing, participation and allocation of the Nation's National wealth and resources. Hence, the subsequent leadership failure by the various levels of government in addressing and tackling these challenges has prompted this study. Hence, the papers examine Biafra agitation in the light of leadership failure within context of the Nigerian polity. From the highlighted narrative above, and also conceptualizing Biafra Agitation and leadership failure in Nigeria generally. The methodology adopted in the paper was qualitative and content analysis, which was also used to examine various texts from secondary sources such as textbooks, internet materials, newspapers and magazines, journals, articles, etc. Group theory was also adopted as the theoretical framework to examine key variable in the study. The paper concludes that a restructuring of the political structure of the Nigerian state, for fairness, justice and equity may address some of the challenges confronting the nation today. Again this will further reduce the tensions and agitations coming from the different ethnic nationalities as a result of a feeling of marginalization and economic and political exclusion from the scheme of things in Nigerian state. The paper recommends good governance and national development across the length and breadth of Nigerian state, remains a veritable tool for social, economic, and political inclusion, and will engender national unity and political, social, and economic inclusion and development in the nation.

The objective of this paper is on the circulation and recycling of the elite and the Nigeria poli... more The objective of this paper is on the circulation and recycling of the elite and the Nigeria political situation, it is also to further deepen and extend the discourse on the subject matter. The Nigerian political situation is polarized by people of questionable character occupying political offices year in year out. It is infested with politicians whose sole purpose are to project and propagate personal, sectional, and group interests at the expense of the nation at large. The Nigerian political space had continued to witness a monopoly of political, economic and social influence by power drunk elites in all facet of the nation. The methodology deployed in this paper is explanatory and exploratory, and textual and content analysis. The paper concludes that, the circulation and indeed the recycling of these elites in the Nigerian political space has worsen the Nigerian politics as whole and has impacted negatively by isolating quality and formidable people of worth to professional politicians with no history of management .

Sociology and Criminology-Open Access, 2018

The United Nations Global Programme against Corruption (UNGPAC) defines corruption as "abuse of p... more The United Nations Global Programme against Corruption (UNGPAC) defines corruption as "abuse of power for private gain", corruption is an act of economic, social, political and moral sabotage. it is a crime against humanity and divinity, it has permeated into every fabric of the Nigerian society, it is responsibility for the ardent failure and breakdown of critical infrastructure in all sector of the Nigerian economy, it is also responsible for the erosion of the nation value system. The paper examined corruption in the Nigerian society based on biblical perspectives. It further conceptualizes corruption in the eyes of the bible. Hence, methodology adopted in the study is mixed method, and the research design used is historical and explanatory design. And content analysis was also adopted to examine the various texts sourced from primary and secondary sources. Historical and cultural theory of corruption was also adopted as the theoretical framework. The findings of the study identifies corruption as the main source and cause of religious, social, economic, and political violence in the Nigerian society. It further fuels religious killings and killings in the north east of Nigeria, and deepens underdevelopment and poverty. Its therefore, recommends the restructuring of the Nigerian state in the light of its ineffective and efficient composition via corruption, As this will address unnecessary tensions and agitations coming from corrupt conducts which is at variance with God's laws and commandment. The paper concludes that, government should be unbiased and proactive by providing good governance in all sectors of the Nigerian society, and that Bible clearly states that "the days of ignorance, God will ignore, let all men depart from wickedness. Judgment day is coming when all men will give account of their stewardship.

Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, 2016

Sociology and Criminology-Open Access, 2018

The colonization of what is now known as Nigeria had created lot of developmental and leadership ... more The colonization of what is now known as Nigeria had created lot of developmental and leadership challenges in the administration of the modern Nigerian state today. One particular event worthy of note in the history of colonial Nigeria era was the forceful amalgamation of over three hundred and fifty different ethnic nationalities as one political unit, which now constitutes the Nigerian state. This exercise deplored by the British colonial master was solely done for administrative and commercial interest. By this singular exercise they had created a nation polarized by ethnic divide and increasingly in the quest to outdo and outplay each other in politics, commerce and relevancy. These different ethnic nationalities in the nation was now dominated by the consciousness of fear, suspicion, domination and the acts of scheming, manipulating for juice positions and recognitions, so as to take leadership role and control of resources through political power in the nation, hence, ethnicity was noted in the formation and subsequent development of political parties in the Nation, particularly in colonial Nigeria and beyond This has been the crux and the genesis of Nigerian ethicized society, hence relationship was now foster on the bases of ethnic divide with fear, suspicion and domination in the minds of all the ethnic groupings in the nation, this has encroached into the fabric of the Nigerian society including politics. Therefore, this paper seek to among other things, explored the ethnicity and the development of political parties in Nigeria. The methodology deployed in this paper is explanatory and exploratory, and textual approach was adopted to analyze and compare texts gotten from secondary sources (journals, articles, internet, books and magazines).The paper concludes that, the evolution and subsequent development of political parties in Nigeria along ethnic divide is responsible for the stalled growth and full integration of all ethnic nationalities in Nigeria. Hence, eliminating trust, confidence and full political integration as a nation among the different ethnic nationalities. The paper recommend further studies in this direction, and also a systematic change in altitude, behavior and conduct toward these ethnic groupings, to a more inclusive, open, transparent and credible political process to accommodate all in the Nigerian political space for peace, progress, tranquility and a sustainable democratic culture in the nation. INTRODUCTION The composition of the Nigerian state to a large extent has contributed to the degree of underdevelopment and improper integration of the different ethnic grouping in the nation. This resentment is reflected in the political relationship among them, it is driven by contempt, rivalry, suspicion, and hatred and lingering fear of domination by the majority groups in the nation. This precarious situation is seen across nations in the African continent. There are bedeviled with incessant ethnic crisis and political violence. African politics is characterize by strong individuals rather than strong institution, unsettle political culture, weak political parties with no clear cut philosophy and ideology, only domineering individuals with selfish and greed motive and intention to ride on the back of the party for personal gains. It is noted here, that African states are largely colonialist in nature and formation, there are more or less a consuming rather than a producing nation, that is to say, they have move from a crop producing state to a natural resources exploiter, weak and manipulated institution largely by the elites and strong personality. African states are also noted here, to be states that have constantly shown movement of political power from pluralism to centralism, having strong individuals wielding so much political power unbehalf of the political party instead of the party's constitution or party itself. It is a prism structure, with strong alliance and loyalty for the man on top. There is no party supremacy and authority, but strong and powerful personality at the centre upon which everything rotates. The same applicable in the Nigerian political environment, here it is worse because of the tendency of ethnicity, political parties are evolved on the basis of ethnic considerations and affiliation. The Clifford constitution of 1922 ushered in the first election in colonial Nigeria, though this period, witness political parties largely agitative in nature and character for independence, but it was obvious, that the agitation and the quest for independence was prominent in a particular part of the country, the west, in fact people in the western part of Nigeria had spearheaded independence through a body called the national youth movement (NYM) which later culminated in the formation of political party (NCNC) led by Sir Hebert Macaulay in 1922 and several other political parties emerged in Nigeria later. The point here therefore, is that people in the northern region of the country seem to be less concern or comfortable with the colonial situation then , until 1951, when the Northern People's Congress NPC was later formed and would later said, that they are not ready for independence until 1960, while the rest of the region got

Thesis Chapters by samuel O S A R E T I N uwaifo PhD

Global Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Website: https://grpublishing.org/gjhss/journal ISSN (online): 2957-3602 ISSN (print): 2957-3599, 2022

Nigeria"s electoral politics undermine the very lives of its citizenry and ultimately short chang... more Nigeria"s electoral politics undermine the very lives of its citizenry and ultimately short changed the very people it"s sought to serve. It is characterized by electoral violence, mal-practices, greed, intimidation, fear, selfishness, deceit, ethnicity, nepotism, incompetence, manipulation, government interference, poor governance structure, and general mismanagement and misapplication of scarce resources, it is indeed a bad experience. Hence, the paper seek to explored historical assessment of Nigeria"s electoral politics experiences from colonial to post-colonial periods. It will cover parliamentary, and presidential elections experiences from 1923-2019, articulating the problematic and turbulent nature and characteristics inherent in the nation"s electoral and political experiences, this will also serve as the objective of the paper. The methodology adopted is qualitative method, and content analysis was also adopted to examine key variables and, secondary sources was also adopted in the paper. Hence, social contract theory, which is based on the idea of a contractual agreement between the individual and the state also serve as the theoretical framework. Hence, the findings reveals that, the problematic nature and characteristics of Nigeria"s electoral politics limits her capacity to freely interact and play a more role in global politics and also negatively and adversely on her foreign relations experiences (bilateral, multilateral, cultural international or regional cooperation and interactions as the case may) with other nations in the international community, especially in the area global trade, and security. Consequently, the paper concludes and recommends a proactive and systematic reformation of the nation"s electoral process and correspondent amendment of 2014 Electoral Act as amended, as a way to better a cordial foreign relations activities and interactions in the international community.

ABSTRACT This dissertation focuses on elections, social insecurity and Nigeria’s international im... more ABSTRACT
This dissertation focuses on elections, social insecurity and Nigeria’s international image with its scope on elections between 1999-2011.The study deploys chronological assessment and analysis of the conduct and quality elections from colonial to post-colonial periods, highlighting the consequences of a flawed and questionable electoral process in Nigeria. This is demonstrated through electoral violence, political killings, bombing and wanton destruction of lives and properties of the citizenry, thereby creating a high level of social insecurity in the country and a battered international image. The methodology used in the study are explanatory, exploratory and textual approach, Data from secondary sources, such as books, journals, articles from newspaper, magazines, and internet were collected and then content analysis served as the technique adopted to compare and analyze the texts. The findings of the study reveal that, the conduct and quality of elections are the root causes of social insecurity in Nigeria, and elections causes a sense and a feeling of loss of power in some parts of Nigeria, thus leading to violence. It furtherprojects Nigeria’s international image in a negative light. It also affects her relationship with other nations, especially in international relations. For example, the 2003 general elections were marred by violence and fraudulent practices. She was not well received in the international community and her image nose-dived during that period. Butthe 2011 general elections were regarded to be free and fair by the different elections monitoring groups from the international community. This restored Nigeria’s international image and she was well received in the international community. The study recommends that, INEC should be removed from the public service and be allowed to function independently in its finances and in its decision making processes without interference from government. Also the incentives and indeed the benefits that are attached to political offices should be rendered less attractive. The culture of violence as a means of winning elections at all cost should be eschewed from the polity, because it creates social tension and insecurity in the country which impact on the image of the nation as whole. Therefore, the study concludes by stating that, for peace and tranquility to reign in the polity, elections and indeed its conduct must be devoid of violence, fraudulent and questionable practices. It should demonstrate integrity, honesty and a credible process, these among other things will guarantees confidence and legitimacy from the people, which will also impact on the image of the nation.

Drafts by samuel O S A R E T I N uwaifo PhD

The United Nations Global Programme Against Corruption (UNGPAC) defines corruption as "abuse of p... more The United Nations Global Programme Against Corruption (UNGPAC) defines corruption as "abuse of power for private gain", corruption is an act of economic, social, political and moral sabotage. it is a crime against humanity and divinity, it has permeated into every fabric of the Nigerian society, it is responsibility for the ardent failure and breakdown of critical infrastructure in s all sector of the Nigerian economy, it is also responsible for the erosion of the nation value system. The paper examined corruption in Nigeria on biblical perspectives. it also conceptualize corruption in the eyes of the bible, the methodology deployed in the paper was content and textual analysis, which was used to examine various texts gotten from data from secondary sources such as textbooks, internet materials, newspapers and magazines, journals, articles, etc. historical and cultural theory of corruption was also adopted as the theoretical framework. The paper further recommended the re-structuring of the Nigerian state as way forward for the nation, as this will address unnecessary tensions and agitations coming from corrupt conducts and activities which is at variance with God's laws and commandment and also will stem corruption in its entirety from the nation. The paper concludes by submitting, that, the Bible clearly states that "the days of ignorance, God will ignore, let all men depart from wickedness. Judgment day is coming when all men will give account of the stewardship on this earth; it is pertinent to be your brother's keeper by doing to others what you want others to do you. It further conclude that government should be proactive by provide good governance in all sectors of the society in line God's laws and commandment.

Journal of Civil & Legal Sciences Jo urna l o f C iv il & Le g a l S c ie nces, 2019

Sociology and Criminology-Open Access, 2018

Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, 2016

Sociology and Criminology-Open Access, 2018

Global Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Website: https://grpublishing.org/gjhss/journal ISSN (online): 2957-3602 ISSN (print): 2957-3599, 2022