monica Garfield | Bentley University (original) (raw)

Papers by monica Garfield

Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2013

Accessibility and health service coverage problems impact many low income countries. Telemedicine... more Accessibility and health service coverage problems impact many low income countries. Telemedicine is one of the technologies that can play a significant role in reducing these healthcare related issues. The study is primarily aimed at exploring how institutionalization of a system occurs and its impact on system use. This study is informed by theories on institution and institutional work to develop a conceptual schema for institutionalization of Telemedicine systems. Using a case study methodology we explore the use of telemedicine at the Black Lion Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study reveals absence of organizing vision for telemedicine projects and limited role of actors to alter the institutional context in order to institutionalize telemedicine systems. When validated with further studies the conceptual schema used in this study would have great theoretical contribution. The link observed between institutionalization and Telemedicine system use will have practical relevance for similar projects.

Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2019

Organizations of all types are facing challenges in the new digital age to remain competitive (He... more Organizations of all types are facing challenges in the new digital age to remain competitive (Hess et al, 2016). With customer expectations changing and new technologies emerging, organizations need to change their business models to remain relevant and sustain competitive advantage. Healthcare in particular is one segment that is undergoing digital transformation. This is motivated largely by the desire to improve cost, patient satisfaction, patient outcomes, quality of care, provider experience and other important facets of the healthcare experience. According to some, strategic changes enabled by digital technology can allow healthcare organizations to re-shape their business models and improve the aforementioned facets. Digital transformation in healthcare therefore emphasizes strategic endeavours enabled by emerging digital technologies to improve patient care and enhance patient outcomes in particular (Gupta, 2016). Although achieving strategic advantage is the overall stated goal of digital transformation, advancements are needed to understand the link between digital transformation activities and the overall business strategy, specifically in the healthcare industry. The key question business leaders need to respond to is how to incorporate digital transformation and use it as a means for competitive advantage (Hess et al, 2016). The concept of digital transformation has also been one of interest to information systems academics as of late. Several scholars have attempted to argue the link between digital transformation strategies and integration efforts of various new technologies. Despite these efforts, the link between digital transformation strategies and the overall approach as to how the firm expects to achieve competitive advantage is unclear. As well, several scholars have argued that digital transformation lacks a substantive underlying theory, and work in this area will further guide future research and innovation activities. The purpose of this research is to determine how digital transformation efforts of a healthcare firm explain their approach to achieve competitive advantage. This paper reports on the preliminary results of an ongoing qualitative study involving 18 C-level information technology leaders in American healthcare organizations. The purpose of this TREO talk is twofold. First, the authors wish to share the preliminary findings of the study. Second, the authors wish to discuss the potential of integrating various theoretical approaches into research on digital transformation in healthcare, to give the concept of digital transformation a better theoretical underpinning for future research.

Institutions in developing countries are adopting the exact replica of e-learning approaches used... more Institutions in developing countries are adopting the exact replica of e-learning approaches used by that of developed countries with the expectations of reaping the same benefits enjoyed by institutions in developed countries. If used effectively, e-learning can provide numerous benefits to the institutions such as accessing education at any time and place, enhances interactivity, scalability, flexibility, and thereby improved student’s academic performance through creating a supportive and conducive e- learning environment for learning [1]. However, studies show that the majority of these benefits are enjoyed by institutions in the developed countries than the developing once [2]. In Ethiopian higher level educational institutions, e-learning is in an incipient phase. There are only a few institutions that use e-learning in the teaching and learning process making its effect on a larger scale immeasurable and unknown. In spite of large amount of investments for e-learning systems by Ethiopian universities, many of these e-learning initiatives are not meeting their desired objectives. With the objective of exploring success factors for e-learning systems and develop a conceptual model for e-learning systems success in Ethiopian universities and colleges, the researchers conducted a qualitative case study in 12 Ethiopian higher level educational institutions adopting e-learning systems in their teaching and learning process. Focus group interviews, in-depth personal interviews, document analysis and observation were used to triangulate the findings. We used open coding as a main data analysis technique. NVivo 11 was used to quantitatively analyze the qualitative data. The result is a proposed conceptual model of e-learning systems success and its implications for future research. This model is comprised of eight major e-learning systems success categories and twenty-nine sub-categories. The model will facilitate both academic and practitioner interest in measuring e-learning systems in developing countries and serve as a framework for further empirical research.

Information Systems Research, 1997

The Journal of information and systems in education, Feb 1, 2006

All papers published in the Journal of Information Systems Education have undergone rigorous peer... more All papers published in the Journal of Information Systems Education have undergone rigorous peer review. This includes an initial editor screening and double-blind refereeing by three or more expert referees.

The term Big Data is in the centre of many recent discussions in academia and practice. To date, ... more The term Big Data is in the centre of many recent discussions in academia and practice. To date, the discussion is, to a large extent, driven by technological concepts and capabilities; however, a holistic understanding of the term is still missing. This panel intends to investigate the consequences and enabling prerequisites of Big Data. Next to economic and social impacts, the panel addresses questions that will raise issues that impact the academic discourse of Big Data itself.

Information Systems Journal, 2018

Telemedicine, the delivery of medical consultation and services, is enabled by information and co... more Telemedicine, the delivery of medical consultation and services, is enabled by information and communications technologies. Participants in telemedicine consultation services (ie, clinicians, patients, and other parties) use video conferencing, special‐purpose software and/or hardware, and data and notes from electronic medical records and other systems to formulate effective treatment plans. Telemedicine is a particular mode of informed collaboration—information and communications technology–supported collaborative activity in which collaborators rely (wholly or in part) on digitally stored information retrieved from various sources to pursue their collective objectives. We report on an embedded‐cases study of a long‐running geriatric telepsychiatry clinic in the north‐eastern United States. Our analysis draws on the theory of distributed cognition (DCog) to explicate the ways in which information and cognitive effort are distributed across individuals and artefacts to support psyc...

Engineering Management Journal, 2011

Abstract: Pilot test projects often examine technical, operational, and economic feasibility of n... more Abstract: Pilot test projects often examine technical, operational, and economic feasibility of new systems. When inter-organizational systems are pilot-tested, it is helpful to also examine relational feasibility. We report on relational feasibility issues identified in two IOS pilot tests in the context of emergency medicine. Lessons learned and implications for using pilot tests to assess relational feasibility in health care and other domains are discussed.

European Conference on Information Systems, 2010

Knowledge management in general, and knowledge creation in particular, gives organizations a comp... more Knowledge management in general, and knowledge creation in particular, gives organizations a competitive advantage in the knowledge era. Although there is a lack of deliberate knowledge management and creation efforts in modern Ethiopia, the country possesses 1,700-year old indigenous practices of knowledge creation. This research in progress seeks to explore the extent to which indigenous knowledge creation practices can inform knowledge creation practices in organizations. We use Nonaka's SECI model (Socialization-Externalization-Combination-Internalization) to guide our inquiry, and rely on a qualitative, interpretive field study approach to investigate indigenous knowledge management initiatives and their transferability. This research will be relevant not only to researchers interested in knowledge management in the developing world, but also for those interested in conducting research within indigenous communities.

Journal of Computer Information Systems

CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr 27, 2022

Social media can facilitate numerous benefits, ranging from facilitating access to social, instru... more Social media can facilitate numerous benefits, ranging from facilitating access to social, instrumental, financial, and other support, to professional development and civic participation. However, these benefits may not be generalizable to all users. Therefore, we conducted an ethnographic case study with eight Autistic young adults, ten staff members, and four parents to understand how Autistic users of social media engage with others, as well as any unintended consequences of use. We leveraged an affordances perspective to understand how Autistic young adults share and consume usergenerated content, make connections, and engage in networked interactions with others via social media. We found that they often used a literal interpretation of digital affordances that sometimes led to negative consequences including physical harm, financial loss, social anxiety, feelings of exclusion, and inadvertently damaging their social relationships. We make recommendations for redesigning social media affordances to be more inclusive of neurodiverse users. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → Collaborative and social computing; Empirical studies in collaborative and social computing.

$Research paper thumbnail of Seeing a Patient\\u27s Eyes: System Trust in Telemedicine$

This paper reports on system trust and interpersonal trust issues revealed in an embedded-case st... more This paper reports on system trust and interpersonal trust issues revealed in an embedded-case study of two telemedicine services offered by a teaching hospital. Consistent with McKnight (2005) perceived system competence was an important dimension of system trustworthiness. Drawing on representation theory (Wand and Weber, 1995) we observed: 1. Some clinicians feel telemedicine provides a better representation than they can achieve in conventional practice. 2) The ability to control specific technical features leads to increased representational quality, perceived system trustworthiness and usage. 3) Some clinicians adapt the telemedicine system to improve it. 4) Some users do not distinguish between the technology artifact and a human helper when judging system trustworthiness. We conclude with two key findings: 1) judgments about system trustworthiness interact with users’ technical and clinical skills and 2) system trust and interpersonal trust are reciprocal

Telemedicine is an ideal solution to low income African countries struggling with health faciliti... more Telemedicine is an ideal solution to low income African countries struggling with health facilities and care providers shortages. This preliminary study explores physician’s level of acceptance and use of telemedicine system in Ethiopia. Data were gathered using a survey questionnaire based on UTAUT. Results show that physicians overall taste to the telemedicine system appears to be favourable. However, preliminary findings indicate that in order to contextualize UTAUT to the context of

Knowledge is a strategic resource for knowledge intensive organizations like commercial banks. Ho... more Knowledge is a strategic resource for knowledge intensive organizations like commercial banks. However, the use of knowledge as resource depends on an organization’s ability to select, capture, store, disseminate and apply its knowledge resources. This organizational capability is created if the organization undertakes explicit initiatives to establish and sustain a KMS as one of its core business functions. An empirical investigation of the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) shows that there is no explicit initiative or responsible unit to manage its knowledge resources. This study uses a design science research method to investigate the problems KM in CBE and propose KMS architecture which is believed, when implemented, to solve current problems. The main theoretical contribution of the

1. ABSTRACT Organizations often use standardized practices as a means to improve knowledge manage... more 1. ABSTRACT Organizations often use standardized practices as a means to improve knowledge management. We suggest that the use of standardization for KM efforts can take on two different forms. In one form, standardization explicates tacit knowledge in order to more effectively transfer knowledge within the organization. In the second form, standardization provides a tool to evaluate and capture knowledge. The type of employee, the impact on the organization and the measurement of system effectiveness are contingent upon the form of standardization employed. This paper summarizes our preliminary findings from a case study exploring an implementation of a standardized project management methodology at a multinational technology services company.

The use of mobile technologies to support medical care is often referred to as mHealth. In this p... more The use of mobile technologies to support medical care is often referred to as mHealth. In this paper we will look at how a mHealth knowledge sharing environment can support local communities in Ethiopia, by placing them in the solution space to fight communicable diseases. The research will use an interventionist action research approach to a community's problem. As such it will identify the key factors in developing a community based mHealth application. Because, such mHealth applications involve a socio-technical phenomenon, a socio-technical lens will be used for the purpose of analyzing the data.

Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2013

Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2019

Information Systems Research, 1997

The Journal of information and systems in education, Feb 1, 2006

Information Systems Journal, 2018

Engineering Management Journal, 2011

European Conference on Information Systems, 2010

Journal of Computer Information Systems

CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr 27, 2022

$Research paper thumbnail of Seeing a Patient\\u27s Eyes: System Trust in Telemedicine$

Tacit knowledge is embedded in people’s experiences, expertise, know-how, skills, techn... more Tacit knowledge is embedded in people’s experiences, expertise, know-how, skills, techniques, insights, judgments, actions or behaviors. This knowledge is a source of innovation that can provide dynamic responses to context specific problems. Effective exploitation and management of tacit knowledge is critical, but the subject of tacit knowledge in general and the process of its externalization and sharing in particular are still relatively unexplored and not fully understood. In addition, the agricultural sector has rarely been the topic of inquiry in research related to tacit knowledge elicitation and most previous studies focus on high tech industries and business organizations. This paper explored what mechanisms are being used to externalize tacit knowledge and what factors impact this process given the context of participatory agricultural research in Ethiopia. We applied a qualitative case study method using an in-depth semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis as data collection tool.

— Mobile technology has huge potential to address challenges in the areas of tacit knowledge elic... more — Mobile technology has huge potential to address challenges in the areas of tacit knowledge elicitation, capturing, sharing and integration in participatory agricultural innovation where farming communities are actively involving. Past studies emphasized the behavioral and managerial perspectives of tacit knowledge and limited studies have been conducted from ICT perspective. Those ICT related studies focused more on advanced technologies including Web 2.0, groupware, audio & videoconferencing tools which are beyond the reach of the rural communities. The purpose of this study is therefore, to identify various mechanisms of tacit knowledge elicitation and sharing in participatory agricultural research process and explore how mobile based application can enhance the process. The output of the study will contribute to the development of mobile-enabled communication system that can further enhance participatory agricultural innovation through facilitating articulation, capturing, sharing and integration of tacit knowledge of multiple stakeholders including farmers.

Agriculture is the dominant sector in the Ethiopian economy but it is characterized by low produc... more Agriculture is the dominant sector in the Ethiopian economy but it is characterized by low productivity. Ethiopia is interested in creating access to agricultural knowledge through an agricultural knowledge management system (AKMS). Such a system has been developed using a web-based portal named Ethiopian Agriculture Portal (EAP). It is facilitated through Woreda Knowledge Centers (WKCs) which are in 10 Pilot Learning Woredas (PLW). Providing knowledge in the appropriate format, identification of affordable technological infrastructure, and integrating indigenous agricultural knowledge into the knowledge system is vital to empowering development agents (extension workers) in Ethiopia. This study addresses two research questions: 1)To what extent does the centralized AKMS support WKCs access and utilization of agricultural knowledge? 2) How can the existing AKMS support capturing and sharing of indigenous agricultural knowledge and best practices?

In a collaborative knowledge creation environment knowledge is socially constructed and the natur... more In a collaborative knowledge creation environment knowledge is socially constructed and the nature of knowledge being shared, integrated and converted is dominantly tacit. Achieving the required level of exchange, proliferation and extraction of tacit knowledge in a social network context is intimately tied to social capital and the socialization and externalization modes of knowledge conversion. Empirical support is scarce on how social capital dynamically influences socialization and externalization and the knowledge creation outcomes. Through an in-depth field study to be conducted in two multi-stakeholder innovation platforms in Ethiopia, this research-in-progress will examine how social capital impact the knowledge creation outcomes with mediating roles of socialization and externalization. Therefore, this study addresses the following two research questions: How do multiple stakeholders interact and create knowledge in a collaborative agricultural innovation platform? How do factors of social capital impact socialization and externalization processes and then the knowledge creation outcome?