Rosemary Waring | University of Birmingham (original) (raw)
Papers by Rosemary Waring
The water content of the Primary Product is estimated as 11 wt. %. The volatile fraction accounts... more The water content of the Primary Product is estimated as 11 wt. %. The volatile fraction accounts for 40 wt. % of the Primary Product; 78 % of the volatile fraction have been identified. The total identified mass represents 52 wt. % of the Primary Product, corresponding to 59 % of the solvent- free mass. Considering the measurement uncertainties of
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SUMMARY Following a request from the Commission, the Scientific Panel on Food Contact Materials, ... more SUMMARY Following a request from the Commission, the Scientific Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing aids (CEF) was asked to give a scientific opinion on the safety in use of dimethyl ether as an extraction solvent. Dimethyl ether is a solvent to be used in the processing of proteins, in particular collagen, for the meat industry to
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Pesticide Science, 1974
Page 1. Pestic. Sci. 1974,5, 599-607 The Metabolism of Carboxin in Growing Barley Dennis E. Brigg... more Page 1. Pestic. Sci. 1974,5, 599-607 The Metabolism of Carboxin in Growing Barley Dennis E. Briggs, Rosemary H. Waring and Andrew M. Hackett Department of Biochemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT ...
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Pediatrics International, 2006
Excretion of creatinine in urine represents the end-point of endogenous energy transfer from stor... more Excretion of creatinine in urine represents the end-point of endogenous energy transfer from stored adenosine triphosphate in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Measurement of urinary creatinine is commonly used to correct for total urine concentration. Various quantitative measures of compounds suspected to be either pathological to, or indicative of, possible therapeutic interventions for Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) have relied extensively on spot creatinine as a ratio quantity, although this important metabolite has not been exclusively studied within this population. Levels of urinary creatinine in spot urine samples were analyzed for a group of children diagnosed with PDD (n=24; median age, 75 months; range, 39-137 months) and a control group (n=50; median age, 109 months; range, 59-140 months). Diagnosis of PDD was confirmed using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Samples were collected and analyzed blind for creatinine content using an improved Jaffe's reaction method. Controlling for sample pH and body mass index, a significant decrease in urinary creatinine concentration was found in the PDD group compared to controls using a Mann-Whitney two-tailed ranks test (P=0.001). Further studies of protein catabolism and renal function in autism are required to ascertain the relevance of decreased spot urinary creatinine excretion identified in this preliminary study. Issues regarding the use of single urine creatinine measurements and associated confounding variables are discussed in light of the findings, together with recommendations to use other internal or external standards for the quantification of urinary compounds in PDD research.
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Neuroscience …, Jan 1, 1990
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Journal of Applied …, Jan 1, 2004
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Biological psychiatry, Jan 1, 1999
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Journal of Autism and …, Jan 1, 2003
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Human & experimental …, Jan 1, 1999
... We would also like to thank Professor Richard Strange and Julie Alldersea of Keele University... more ... We would also like to thank Professor Richard Strange and Julie Alldersea of Keele University, North Staffordshire Hospital in Stoke-on-Trent for their expertise in PCR. ... Lancet 1996; 347: 295 ą 297. 15 Steventon GB, Waring RH, Williams AC. ...
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Metabolism, Jan 1, 2005
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Journal of Biological …, Jan 1, 2000
... Environ. Safety 42:185190. ↵: Sumpter J. (1998) Toxicol. Lett. 102/103:337342. ... Meyer O.... more ... Environ. Safety 42:185190. ↵: Sumpter J. (1998) Toxicol. Lett. 102/103:337342. ... Meyer O.,; Muller J.,; Rajpert-DeMeyts E.,; Scheike T.,; Sharpe R.,; Sumpter J.,; Skakkebaek N. (1996) Environ. Health Perspect. 104 (Suppl. 4) 741803. ↵: Miller W.,; Sharpe R. (1998) Endocr. Rel ...
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Journal of …, Jan 1, 1994
Sulphation of oestrogens and monohydroxy bile acids is important in attenuating their cholestatic... more Sulphation of oestrogens and monohydroxy bile acids is important in attenuating their cholestatic potential. Thus, impairment of sulphation could lead to retention of cholestatic compounds and precipitate intrahepatic cholestasis in susceptible individuals. We tested the hypothesis that such a mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. In vivo and in vitro assessment of sulphation capacity was performed in patients with cholestasis of pregnancy, compared with control females on and off the oestrogen-containing oral contraceptive pill and control individuals during normal pregnancy and post partum, to assess the influence of high oestrogen states upon this metabolic pathway. During in vivo studies utilising paracetamol as a metabolic probe, the proportion of paracetamol sulphate and sulphate: glucuronide ratio were decreased in those with elevated oestrogens, whether the rise in oestrogens was endogenous, in pregnancy (paracetamol sulphate p < 0.05; paracetamol sulphate:glucuronide ratio p < 0.01), or exogenous, with the contraceptive pill (paracetamol sulphate p = 0.2; paracetamol sulphate:glucuronide ratio p < 0.001). In vitro, platelet sulphotransferase activity was measured, utilising phenol as substrate. Sulphotransferase activity decreased during pregnancy compared with repeat measurements post partum (p < 0.005) and compared with non-pregnant individuals (p < 0.05). In conclusion, we have shown that elevated oestrogens are associated with significant impairment in sulphation capacity. An imbalance of sulphation with glucuronidation provoked by high circulating oestrogen levels may be contributory in the pathogenesis of cholestasis of pregnancy.
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… and Physiology-Part A: …, Jan 1, 2003
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Drug Metabolism and Disposition, Jan 1, 1982
The metabolism of 14C- and 35S-labeled S-carboxymethylcysteine (SCMC) has been compared. The majo... more The metabolism of 14C- and 35S-labeled S-carboxymethylcysteine (SCMC) has been compared. The majority of the dose appeared in urine in the first 24 hr; no activity was detectable in feces. Use of 25S-labeled compound gave small amounts of inorganic 35S-sulfate, whereas 14C-labeled material was degraded to give some [14C]urea. Peak excretion of the parent compound occurred first after administration of SCMC; metabolites requiring one chemical modification for their formation were maximally excreted 1-4 hr after the dose and those involving more metabolic processes appeared later (4-8 hr).
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Journal of …, Jan 1, 1995
We have previously reported an association of impaired S-oxidation with primary biliary cirrhosis... more We have previously reported an association of impaired S-oxidation with primary biliary cirrhosis. In order to confirm and further define this relationship, we retested S-oxidation capacity via three metabolic pathways and sulphation capacity via a fourth pathway. Metabolism of S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine is polymorphic -20% of healthy individuals being poor S-oxidisers. We found 26% with primary biliary cirrhosis were poor S-oxidisers, compared with 36% with other liver disease and 25% of healthy controls. Differences were not statistically significant. S-oxidation of ranitidine is dependent upon flavin mono-oxygenases. We showed a non-significant trend toward less S-oxide in primary biliary cirrhosis and other liver disease, compared with healthy controls, with no significant difference between disease groups. Conversion of cysteine to sulphate depends predominantly on cysteine dioxygenase. Impaired activity may be reflected by decreased plasma sulphate and elevated cysteine. We found that the plasma cysteine: sulphate ratio was significantly elevated not only in primary biliary cirrhosis (p < 0.0001), but also in other liver disease (p < 0.0001), compared with healthy individuals. Sulphation capacity was studied by analysing paracetamol metabolism. Paracetamol sulphate and sulphate: glucuronide ratio were reduced in primary biliary cirrhosis compared with normal individuals, (p < 0.05). A trend towards less sulphate in primary biliary cirrhosis compared other liver disease was not significant (p = 0.42). We conclude that although sulphation and some sulphoxidation pathways are impaired in primary biliary cirrhosis, we can currently find no evidence to substantiate the hypothesis that primary biliary cirrhosis is a disease specifically associated with poor S-oxidation, as assessed via these metabolic pathways.
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The water content of the Primary Product is estimated as 11 wt. %. The volatile fraction accounts... more The water content of the Primary Product is estimated as 11 wt. %. The volatile fraction accounts for 40 wt. % of the Primary Product; 78 % of the volatile fraction have been identified. The total identified mass represents 52 wt. % of the Primary Product, corresponding to 59 % of the solvent- free mass. Considering the measurement uncertainties of
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SUMMARY Following a request from the Commission, the Scientific Panel on Food Contact Materials, ... more SUMMARY Following a request from the Commission, the Scientific Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing aids (CEF) was asked to give a scientific opinion on the safety in use of dimethyl ether as an extraction solvent. Dimethyl ether is a solvent to be used in the processing of proteins, in particular collagen, for the meat industry to
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Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Pesticide Science, 1974
Page 1. Pestic. Sci. 1974,5, 599-607 The Metabolism of Carboxin in Growing Barley Dennis E. Brigg... more Page 1. Pestic. Sci. 1974,5, 599-607 The Metabolism of Carboxin in Growing Barley Dennis E. Briggs, Rosemary H. Waring and Andrew M. Hackett Department of Biochemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT ...
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Pediatrics International, 2006
Excretion of creatinine in urine represents the end-point of endogenous energy transfer from stor... more Excretion of creatinine in urine represents the end-point of endogenous energy transfer from stored adenosine triphosphate in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Measurement of urinary creatinine is commonly used to correct for total urine concentration. Various quantitative measures of compounds suspected to be either pathological to, or indicative of, possible therapeutic interventions for Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) have relied extensively on spot creatinine as a ratio quantity, although this important metabolite has not been exclusively studied within this population. Levels of urinary creatinine in spot urine samples were analyzed for a group of children diagnosed with PDD (n=24; median age, 75 months; range, 39-137 months) and a control group (n=50; median age, 109 months; range, 59-140 months). Diagnosis of PDD was confirmed using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Samples were collected and analyzed blind for creatinine content using an improved Jaffe's reaction method. Controlling for sample pH and body mass index, a significant decrease in urinary creatinine concentration was found in the PDD group compared to controls using a Mann-Whitney two-tailed ranks test (P=0.001). Further studies of protein catabolism and renal function in autism are required to ascertain the relevance of decreased spot urinary creatinine excretion identified in this preliminary study. Issues regarding the use of single urine creatinine measurements and associated confounding variables are discussed in light of the findings, together with recommendations to use other internal or external standards for the quantification of urinary compounds in PDD research.
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Neuroscience …, Jan 1, 1990
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Journal of Applied …, Jan 1, 2004
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Biological psychiatry, Jan 1, 1999
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Journal of Autism and …, Jan 1, 2003
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Human & experimental …, Jan 1, 1999
... We would also like to thank Professor Richard Strange and Julie Alldersea of Keele University... more ... We would also like to thank Professor Richard Strange and Julie Alldersea of Keele University, North Staffordshire Hospital in Stoke-on-Trent for their expertise in PCR. ... Lancet 1996; 347: 295 ą 297. 15 Steventon GB, Waring RH, Williams AC. ...
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Metabolism, Jan 1, 2005
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Journal of Biological …, Jan 1, 2000
... Environ. Safety 42:185190. ↵: Sumpter J. (1998) Toxicol. Lett. 102/103:337342. ... Meyer O.... more ... Environ. Safety 42:185190. ↵: Sumpter J. (1998) Toxicol. Lett. 102/103:337342. ... Meyer O.,; Muller J.,; Rajpert-DeMeyts E.,; Scheike T.,; Sharpe R.,; Sumpter J.,; Skakkebaek N. (1996) Environ. Health Perspect. 104 (Suppl. 4) 741803. ↵: Miller W.,; Sharpe R. (1998) Endocr. Rel ...
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Journal of …, Jan 1, 1994
Sulphation of oestrogens and monohydroxy bile acids is important in attenuating their cholestatic... more Sulphation of oestrogens and monohydroxy bile acids is important in attenuating their cholestatic potential. Thus, impairment of sulphation could lead to retention of cholestatic compounds and precipitate intrahepatic cholestasis in susceptible individuals. We tested the hypothesis that such a mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. In vivo and in vitro assessment of sulphation capacity was performed in patients with cholestasis of pregnancy, compared with control females on and off the oestrogen-containing oral contraceptive pill and control individuals during normal pregnancy and post partum, to assess the influence of high oestrogen states upon this metabolic pathway. During in vivo studies utilising paracetamol as a metabolic probe, the proportion of paracetamol sulphate and sulphate: glucuronide ratio were decreased in those with elevated oestrogens, whether the rise in oestrogens was endogenous, in pregnancy (paracetamol sulphate p < 0.05; paracetamol sulphate:glucuronide ratio p < 0.01), or exogenous, with the contraceptive pill (paracetamol sulphate p = 0.2; paracetamol sulphate:glucuronide ratio p < 0.001). In vitro, platelet sulphotransferase activity was measured, utilising phenol as substrate. Sulphotransferase activity decreased during pregnancy compared with repeat measurements post partum (p < 0.005) and compared with non-pregnant individuals (p < 0.05). In conclusion, we have shown that elevated oestrogens are associated with significant impairment in sulphation capacity. An imbalance of sulphation with glucuronidation provoked by high circulating oestrogen levels may be contributory in the pathogenesis of cholestasis of pregnancy.
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… and Physiology-Part A: …, Jan 1, 2003
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Drug Metabolism and Disposition, Jan 1, 1982
The metabolism of 14C- and 35S-labeled S-carboxymethylcysteine (SCMC) has been compared. The majo... more The metabolism of 14C- and 35S-labeled S-carboxymethylcysteine (SCMC) has been compared. The majority of the dose appeared in urine in the first 24 hr; no activity was detectable in feces. Use of 25S-labeled compound gave small amounts of inorganic 35S-sulfate, whereas 14C-labeled material was degraded to give some [14C]urea. Peak excretion of the parent compound occurred first after administration of SCMC; metabolites requiring one chemical modification for their formation were maximally excreted 1-4 hr after the dose and those involving more metabolic processes appeared later (4-8 hr).
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Journal of …, Jan 1, 1995
We have previously reported an association of impaired S-oxidation with primary biliary cirrhosis... more We have previously reported an association of impaired S-oxidation with primary biliary cirrhosis. In order to confirm and further define this relationship, we retested S-oxidation capacity via three metabolic pathways and sulphation capacity via a fourth pathway. Metabolism of S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine is polymorphic -20% of healthy individuals being poor S-oxidisers. We found 26% with primary biliary cirrhosis were poor S-oxidisers, compared with 36% with other liver disease and 25% of healthy controls. Differences were not statistically significant. S-oxidation of ranitidine is dependent upon flavin mono-oxygenases. We showed a non-significant trend toward less S-oxide in primary biliary cirrhosis and other liver disease, compared with healthy controls, with no significant difference between disease groups. Conversion of cysteine to sulphate depends predominantly on cysteine dioxygenase. Impaired activity may be reflected by decreased plasma sulphate and elevated cysteine. We found that the plasma cysteine: sulphate ratio was significantly elevated not only in primary biliary cirrhosis (p < 0.0001), but also in other liver disease (p < 0.0001), compared with healthy individuals. Sulphation capacity was studied by analysing paracetamol metabolism. Paracetamol sulphate and sulphate: glucuronide ratio were reduced in primary biliary cirrhosis compared with normal individuals, (p < 0.05). A trend towards less sulphate in primary biliary cirrhosis compared other liver disease was not significant (p = 0.42). We conclude that although sulphation and some sulphoxidation pathways are impaired in primary biliary cirrhosis, we can currently find no evidence to substantiate the hypothesis that primary biliary cirrhosis is a disease specifically associated with poor S-oxidation, as assessed via these metabolic pathways.
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