Jitendra Banweer | Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (original) (raw)

Papers by Jitendra Banweer

Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oct 1, 2012

Abastract Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative o... more Abastract Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative of enalaprilat and does not require hydrolysis to exert pharmacological activity. It has an extensive hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in a bioavailability of 6-60%. To overcome the poor bioavailability of the drug, transdermal patches have been prepared. The present study also aims at optimization of the formulation by incorporating the penetration enhancers in different concentration and ratios. The patches were prepared employing hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in a 1:1 ratio as polymeric matrix using glycerol as plasticizer in 6% concentration. Binary solvent system (water-methanol) in a ratio of 70:30 was taken for the study. The transdermal devices were fabricated on glass substrate using solvent casting technique. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and propylene glycol (PG) were added as the penetration enhancers individually and in blends in different concentrations and ratios. Various physico-chemical evaluation parameters were carried over prepared patches to ascertain their integrity and physical stability at normal and accelerated temperature conditions. Optimization of the penetration enhancer's concentration and ratio was done by performing in vitro diffusion rate studies using Keshary-Chein diffusion cell on Goatskin. The patch containing DMSO:PG in the ratio of 70:30, at 10% showed the best in vitro drug flux and possesses excellent physico-chemical properties at normal and accelerated temperature conditions. It could be concluded that all patches prepared increased the drug flux through skin but optimization of the formulation yields highest drug flux through patch containing DMSO and PG in 10 % concentration.

Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2010

A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using containing mi... more A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using containing mixture of 2 M sodium acetate and 8 M Urea in the ration of 50:50% V/V solution as hydrotropic solubilizing agent for the quantitative determination of poorly water-soluble mixed hydrotropic solution torsemide , a very slightly water soluble (5.96X10-02 mg/ml) diuretic drug in tablet dosage form. There were more than 86 fold enhancements in the solubility of torsemide increases in mixed hydrotropic solution as compared to solubility in distilled water precluding the use of organic solvents. Torsemide shows maximum absorbance at 288 nm. Sodium acetate, urea and other commonly used tablet excipients did not show any absorbance above 240 nm, and thus no interference in the estimation was seen. Torsemide is obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of 10 to 50µg/ml (r 2 = 0.9996) in mixed hydrotropic solution with mean recovery ranging from 99.23 to 99.64%. The present investigation is new, simple, economic, safe, rapid, accurate and reproducible. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and result of accuracy, precision and other statistical analysis were found to be in good accordance with the prescribed values.

A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using 2 M sodium ac... more A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using 2 M sodium acetate and 8 M Urea solution as hydrotropic solubilizing agent for the quantitative determination of poorly water-soluble hydrochlorothiazide in tablet dosage form. There were more than 55 and 70 fold enhancements in the solubility of hydrochlorothiazide increases in 2 M sodium acetate and 8 M Urea solution as compared to solubilities in distilled water. Hydrochlorothiazide shows maximum absorbance at 272 nm. Sodium acetate and urea did not show any absorbance above 240 nm, and thus no interference in the estimation was seen. Hydrochlorothiazide is obeyed Beer,s law in the concentration range of 10 t0 50μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) in sodium acetate and 5 to 25 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) in urea with mean recovery 98.74 and 99.99% in sodium acetate and urea respectively. Proposed method is new, simple, economic, safe, rapid, accurate and reproducible. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and values of accuracy, precision and other statistical analysis were found to be in good accordance with the prescribed values

Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the t... more Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the treatment of hypertension. In the present study a simple, precise, rapid, efficient and reproducible reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) present in its tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separations were carried out isocratically at 25°C ± 0.5°C on an Microsorb C18 Column (5 µm,250mm x 4.60mm) with a mobile phase composed of methanol-phosphate buffer (pH 4.0) in the ratio of 70:30% v/v at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. Detection is carried out using a UV-PDA detector at 248 nm. The retention times for AML and OLM were 5.59 + 0.5 min and 4.26 + 0.5 min respectively. During the method validation the linearity range and percentage recoveries for AML and OLM were found to be 10-50, 20-100µg/ml and 98.93, 100.02% respectively. The correlation coefficients for all components were close to 1. The relative standard deviations for three replicate measurements in three concentrations of samples in tablets were always less than 2%. The results of the study showed that the proposed RP-HPLC method is simple, rapid, precise and accurate, which may be useful for the routine estimation of amlodipine besylate and olmesartan medoxomil in bulk drug and in its pharmaceutical dosage form.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Jan 7, 2022

This research work was an attempt to formulate and evaluate matrix-type transdermal therapeutic s... more This research work was an attempt to formulate and evaluate matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system containing Aceclofenac with different permeation enhancers (in different 3 ratios) by the solvent evaporation technique and explores the effect of permeation enhancers on the in vitro permeability of aceclofenac across excised goat skin. Matrix transdermal patches were prepared by using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) by incorporating dibutyl phthalate incorporated as plasticizer and oleic acid, peppermint oil and iso-propyl myristrate (IPM) as permeation enhancers in different 3 ratios 2%, 4% and 6% v/v in whole formula. Permeation studies were performed using modified Franz diffusion cell. All the patches were uniform with respect to physiochemical evaluation. The in-vitro permeation study indicate that formulation ATP-3(6% v/v oleic acid) showed maximum release of 74.513% in 12 hrs emerging to be ideal formulation. The developed transdermal patches increase the efficacy ...

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Jan 7, 2022

Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2010

Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010

Conventional drug delivery systems have slight control over their drug release and almost no cont... more Conventional drug delivery systems have slight control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concentrations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the controlled or modified release drug delivery systems. They include dosage forms for oral and transdermal administration as well as injectable and implantable systems. For most of drugs, oral route remains as the most acceptable route of administration. Certain molecules may have low oral bioavailability because of solubility or permeability limitations. Development of an extended release dosage form also requires reasonable absorption throughout the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). Among the available techniques to improve the bioavailability of these drugs fabrication of osmotic drug delivery system is the most appropriate one. Osmotic drug delivery syste...

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the analgesic activity of Acacia catechu heartwoo... more Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the analgesic activity of Acacia catechu heartwood extracts on Swiss albino mice using hot plate and tail immersion method. Methods: In this study, we used the aqueous and methanol extracts of heartwood of A. catechu to evaluate its analgesic activity. The aqueous extract was achieved by doubled distillation method and the methanol extract was achieved by cold maceration method. The mice were divided into four groups, each group consisting of six animals. Doses of 50, 100, and 300 mg/kg, p.o. of both the extracts of A. catechu were given to the mice. The responses were noted at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min. Results: The results of both the methods were quick similar but differ based on extracts. The aqueous extract of A. catechu showed a much better yield of analgesic activity as compared to the methanol extract. The data were analyzed by graph using two-way analysis of variance, which showed the dose-dependent pain resistance. Conclusion: Th...

Indian Journal of Pharmacy & Drugs Studies, Nov 25, 2021

The Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is lysine derivative of enalap... more The Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is lysine derivative of enalaprilat and does not require hydrolysis to exert pharmacological activity. It is given orally; suffer severely from hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in bioavailability of 6-60%. To overcome the poor bioavailability of the drug, transdermal patches have been prepared. The present study also aims at optimization of the formulation by incorporating the penetration enhancers in different concentration and ratios. The patches were prepared employing Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) & Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in 1:1 ratio as polymeric matrix using glycerol as plasticizer in 6% concentration. Binary solvent system (Water: Methanol) in the ratio of 70: 30 was taken for the study. The Transdermal devices were fabricated on glass substrate using solvent casting technique. Iso propyl alcohol (IPA) & Oleic acid (OA) were added as the penetration enhancers individually and in blend in diffe...

Background: As the growing interest in the overall health of the community the term nutraceutical... more Background: As the growing interest in the overall health of the community the term nutraceuticals, functional food ingredients, and dietary supplements are gaining importance worldwide. Objective: The study aimed to identify and study the importance of food fortification and the importance of nutraceuticals for their efficacy and effectiveness in India. Methods: Pubmed and Google Scholar were searched and only article and information relevant to the topic was selected for review. Results: A total of 53 articles were selected for review which included information about the nutraceuticals and fortified Foods Supplements. Conclusion: There are no scientifically proven functional foods for improving public health. There is a requirement to change the platform of a balanced and nutritious diet required for healthy people.

Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012

Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative of enalapri... more Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative of enalaprilat and does not require hydrolysis to exert pharmacological a ctivity. It has an extensive hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in a bioavailability of 6-60%. To overcome the poor bioavailability of the drug, transdermal patches have been prepared. The present study also aims at optimization of the formulation by incorporating the penetration enhancers in different concentration and ratios. The patches were prepared employing hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in a 1:1 ratio as polymeric matrix using glycerol as plasticizer in 6% concentration. Binary solvent system (water-methanol) in a ratio of 70:30 was taken for the study. The transdermal devices were fabricated on glass substrate using solvent casting technique. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and propylene glycol (PG) were added as the penetration enhancers individually and in blends in d ifferent conce...

Niosomes or non-ionic surfactant vesicles are microscopic lamellar structures formed on admixture... more Niosomes or non-ionic surfactant vesicles are microscopic lamellar structures formed on admixture of non-ionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media. The method of preparation of niosome is based on liposome technology. The basic process of preparation is the same i.e. hydration by aqueous phase of the lipid phase which may be either a pure surfactant or a mixture of surfactant with cholesterol. After preparing niosomal dispersion, unentrapped drug is separated by dialysis centrifugation or gel filtration. A method of in-vitro release rate study includes the use of dialysis tubing. Niosomes are unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles formed from synthetic non-ionic surfactants. Niosomal drug delivery is potentially applicable to many pharmacological agents for their action against various diseases.

Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the t... more Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the treatment of hypertension. In the present study a simple, precise, rapid, efficient and reproducible reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) present in its tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separations were carried out isocratically at 25°C ± 0.5°C on an Microsorb C18 Column (5 µm,250mm x 4.60mm) with a mobile phase composed of methanol– phosphate buffer (pH 4.0) in the ratio of 70:30% v/v at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. Detection is carried out using a UV‐ PDA detector at 248 nm. The retention times for AML and OLM were 5.59 + 0.5 min and 4.26 + 0.5 min respectively. During the method validation the linearity range and percentage recoveries for AML and OLM were found to be 10‐50, 20‐100µg/ml and 98.93, 100.02% respectively. The correlation coeffic...

As nowadays the consumption of functional food providing essential nutrients for boosting the imm... more As nowadays the consumption of functional food providing essential nutrients for boosting the immunity should be correlated with scientific evidence providing standards that can be correlated for the community worldwide. Food fortification is a process which helps to improve public health and enhance the immunity of the population overall. As we all know that the phenolic compounds act as antioxidants, so processing byproducts from plant sources particularly rich in number of essential elements can be used as value-added ingredients for application in food supplements for overcoming the health problems worldwide. The purpose of this review is to identify and study the importance of food fortification and importance of nutraceuticals for their efficacy and effectiveness in India and over the world for improving the health.

Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oct 1, 2012

Abastract Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative o... more Abastract Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative of enalaprilat and does not require hydrolysis to exert pharmacological activity. It has an extensive hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in a bioavailability of 6-60%. To overcome the poor bioavailability of the drug, transdermal patches have been prepared. The present study also aims at optimization of the formulation by incorporating the penetration enhancers in different concentration and ratios. The patches were prepared employing hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in a 1:1 ratio as polymeric matrix using glycerol as plasticizer in 6% concentration. Binary solvent system (water-methanol) in a ratio of 70:30 was taken for the study. The transdermal devices were fabricated on glass substrate using solvent casting technique. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and propylene glycol (PG) were added as the penetration enhancers individually and in blends in different concentrations and ratios. Various physico-chemical evaluation parameters were carried over prepared patches to ascertain their integrity and physical stability at normal and accelerated temperature conditions. Optimization of the penetration enhancer's concentration and ratio was done by performing in vitro diffusion rate studies using Keshary-Chein diffusion cell on Goatskin. The patch containing DMSO:PG in the ratio of 70:30, at 10% showed the best in vitro drug flux and possesses excellent physico-chemical properties at normal and accelerated temperature conditions. It could be concluded that all patches prepared increased the drug flux through skin but optimization of the formulation yields highest drug flux through patch containing DMSO and PG in 10 % concentration.

Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2010

A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using containing mi... more A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using containing mixture of 2 M sodium acetate and 8 M Urea in the ration of 50:50% V/V solution as hydrotropic solubilizing agent for the quantitative determination of poorly water-soluble mixed hydrotropic solution torsemide , a very slightly water soluble (5.96X10-02 mg/ml) diuretic drug in tablet dosage form. There were more than 86 fold enhancements in the solubility of torsemide increases in mixed hydrotropic solution as compared to solubility in distilled water precluding the use of organic solvents. Torsemide shows maximum absorbance at 288 nm. Sodium acetate, urea and other commonly used tablet excipients did not show any absorbance above 240 nm, and thus no interference in the estimation was seen. Torsemide is obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of 10 to 50µg/ml (r 2 = 0.9996) in mixed hydrotropic solution with mean recovery ranging from 99.23 to 99.64%. The present investigation is new, simple, economic, safe, rapid, accurate and reproducible. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and result of accuracy, precision and other statistical analysis were found to be in good accordance with the prescribed values.

A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using 2 M sodium ac... more A novel, safe, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed using 2 M sodium acetate and 8 M Urea solution as hydrotropic solubilizing agent for the quantitative determination of poorly water-soluble hydrochlorothiazide in tablet dosage form. There were more than 55 and 70 fold enhancements in the solubility of hydrochlorothiazide increases in 2 M sodium acetate and 8 M Urea solution as compared to solubilities in distilled water. Hydrochlorothiazide shows maximum absorbance at 272 nm. Sodium acetate and urea did not show any absorbance above 240 nm, and thus no interference in the estimation was seen. Hydrochlorothiazide is obeyed Beer,s law in the concentration range of 10 t0 50μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) in sodium acetate and 5 to 25 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) in urea with mean recovery 98.74 and 99.99% in sodium acetate and urea respectively. Proposed method is new, simple, economic, safe, rapid, accurate and reproducible. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and values of accuracy, precision and other statistical analysis were found to be in good accordance with the prescribed values

Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the t... more Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the treatment of hypertension. In the present study a simple, precise, rapid, efficient and reproducible reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) present in its tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separations were carried out isocratically at 25°C ± 0.5°C on an Microsorb C18 Column (5 µm,250mm x 4.60mm) with a mobile phase composed of methanol-phosphate buffer (pH 4.0) in the ratio of 70:30% v/v at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. Detection is carried out using a UV-PDA detector at 248 nm. The retention times for AML and OLM were 5.59 + 0.5 min and 4.26 + 0.5 min respectively. During the method validation the linearity range and percentage recoveries for AML and OLM were found to be 10-50, 20-100µg/ml and 98.93, 100.02% respectively. The correlation coefficients for all components were close to 1. The relative standard deviations for three replicate measurements in three concentrations of samples in tablets were always less than 2%. The results of the study showed that the proposed RP-HPLC method is simple, rapid, precise and accurate, which may be useful for the routine estimation of amlodipine besylate and olmesartan medoxomil in bulk drug and in its pharmaceutical dosage form.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Jan 7, 2022

This research work was an attempt to formulate and evaluate matrix-type transdermal therapeutic s... more This research work was an attempt to formulate and evaluate matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system containing Aceclofenac with different permeation enhancers (in different 3 ratios) by the solvent evaporation technique and explores the effect of permeation enhancers on the in vitro permeability of aceclofenac across excised goat skin. Matrix transdermal patches were prepared by using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) by incorporating dibutyl phthalate incorporated as plasticizer and oleic acid, peppermint oil and iso-propyl myristrate (IPM) as permeation enhancers in different 3 ratios 2%, 4% and 6% v/v in whole formula. Permeation studies were performed using modified Franz diffusion cell. All the patches were uniform with respect to physiochemical evaluation. The in-vitro permeation study indicate that formulation ATP-3(6% v/v oleic acid) showed maximum release of 74.513% in 12 hrs emerging to be ideal formulation. The developed transdermal patches increase the efficacy ...

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Jan 7, 2022

Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2010

Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010

Conventional drug delivery systems have slight control over their drug release and almost no cont... more Conventional drug delivery systems have slight control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concentrations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the controlled or modified release drug delivery systems. They include dosage forms for oral and transdermal administration as well as injectable and implantable systems. For most of drugs, oral route remains as the most acceptable route of administration. Certain molecules may have low oral bioavailability because of solubility or permeability limitations. Development of an extended release dosage form also requires reasonable absorption throughout the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). Among the available techniques to improve the bioavailability of these drugs fabrication of osmotic drug delivery system is the most appropriate one. Osmotic drug delivery syste...

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the analgesic activity of Acacia catechu heartwoo... more Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the analgesic activity of Acacia catechu heartwood extracts on Swiss albino mice using hot plate and tail immersion method. Methods: In this study, we used the aqueous and methanol extracts of heartwood of A. catechu to evaluate its analgesic activity. The aqueous extract was achieved by doubled distillation method and the methanol extract was achieved by cold maceration method. The mice were divided into four groups, each group consisting of six animals. Doses of 50, 100, and 300 mg/kg, p.o. of both the extracts of A. catechu were given to the mice. The responses were noted at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min. Results: The results of both the methods were quick similar but differ based on extracts. The aqueous extract of A. catechu showed a much better yield of analgesic activity as compared to the methanol extract. The data were analyzed by graph using two-way analysis of variance, which showed the dose-dependent pain resistance. Conclusion: Th...

Indian Journal of Pharmacy & Drugs Studies, Nov 25, 2021

The Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is lysine derivative of enalap... more The Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is lysine derivative of enalaprilat and does not require hydrolysis to exert pharmacological activity. It is given orally; suffer severely from hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in bioavailability of 6-60%. To overcome the poor bioavailability of the drug, transdermal patches have been prepared. The present study also aims at optimization of the formulation by incorporating the penetration enhancers in different concentration and ratios. The patches were prepared employing Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) & Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in 1:1 ratio as polymeric matrix using glycerol as plasticizer in 6% concentration. Binary solvent system (Water: Methanol) in the ratio of 70: 30 was taken for the study. The Transdermal devices were fabricated on glass substrate using solvent casting technique. Iso propyl alcohol (IPA) & Oleic acid (OA) were added as the penetration enhancers individually and in blend in diffe...

Background: As the growing interest in the overall health of the community the term nutraceutical... more Background: As the growing interest in the overall health of the community the term nutraceuticals, functional food ingredients, and dietary supplements are gaining importance worldwide. Objective: The study aimed to identify and study the importance of food fortification and the importance of nutraceuticals for their efficacy and effectiveness in India. Methods: Pubmed and Google Scholar were searched and only article and information relevant to the topic was selected for review. Results: A total of 53 articles were selected for review which included information about the nutraceuticals and fortified Foods Supplements. Conclusion: There are no scientifically proven functional foods for improving public health. There is a requirement to change the platform of a balanced and nutritious diet required for healthy people.

Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012

Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative of enalapri... more Lisinopril dihydrate (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) is a lysine derivative of enalaprilat and does not require hydrolysis to exert pharmacological a ctivity. It has an extensive hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in a bioavailability of 6-60%. To overcome the poor bioavailability of the drug, transdermal patches have been prepared. The present study also aims at optimization of the formulation by incorporating the penetration enhancers in different concentration and ratios. The patches were prepared employing hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in a 1:1 ratio as polymeric matrix using glycerol as plasticizer in 6% concentration. Binary solvent system (water-methanol) in a ratio of 70:30 was taken for the study. The transdermal devices were fabricated on glass substrate using solvent casting technique. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and propylene glycol (PG) were added as the penetration enhancers individually and in blends in d ifferent conce...

Niosomes or non-ionic surfactant vesicles are microscopic lamellar structures formed on admixture... more Niosomes or non-ionic surfactant vesicles are microscopic lamellar structures formed on admixture of non-ionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media. The method of preparation of niosome is based on liposome technology. The basic process of preparation is the same i.e. hydration by aqueous phase of the lipid phase which may be either a pure surfactant or a mixture of surfactant with cholesterol. After preparing niosomal dispersion, unentrapped drug is separated by dialysis centrifugation or gel filtration. A method of in-vitro release rate study includes the use of dialysis tubing. Niosomes are unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles formed from synthetic non-ionic surfactants. Niosomal drug delivery is potentially applicable to many pharmacological agents for their action against various diseases.

Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the t... more Combination therapy of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is used for the treatment of hypertension. In the present study a simple, precise, rapid, efficient and reproducible reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate (AML) and olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) present in its tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separations were carried out isocratically at 25°C ± 0.5°C on an Microsorb C18 Column (5 µm,250mm x 4.60mm) with a mobile phase composed of methanol– phosphate buffer (pH 4.0) in the ratio of 70:30% v/v at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. Detection is carried out using a UV‐ PDA detector at 248 nm. The retention times for AML and OLM were 5.59 + 0.5 min and 4.26 + 0.5 min respectively. During the method validation the linearity range and percentage recoveries for AML and OLM were found to be 10‐50, 20‐100µg/ml and 98.93, 100.02% respectively. The correlation coeffic...

As nowadays the consumption of functional food providing essential nutrients for boosting the imm... more As nowadays the consumption of functional food providing essential nutrients for boosting the immunity should be correlated with scientific evidence providing standards that can be correlated for the community worldwide. Food fortification is a process which helps to improve public health and enhance the immunity of the population overall. As we all know that the phenolic compounds act as antioxidants, so processing byproducts from plant sources particularly rich in number of essential elements can be used as value-added ingredients for application in food supplements for overcoming the health problems worldwide. The purpose of this review is to identify and study the importance of food fortification and importance of nutraceuticals for their efficacy and effectiveness in India and over the world for improving the health.