Parveen Kumar | Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (original) (raw)
Papers by Parveen Kumar
Natural Product Communications, 2011
This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicol... more This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor and its phytoconstituents plumericin and isoplumericin against Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Plumericin's consistently high activity against Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans was more potent than isoplumericin and the standard antifungal drug nystatin suggesting its potential as a drug candidate for candidiasis and cryptococcosis.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2015
Journal of Buffalo Science, 2014
Present study was designed to investigate the changes in physiological reactions and blood flow d... more Present study was designed to investigate the changes in physiological reactions and blood flow during different seasons in Murrah buffaloes. Six Murrah buffalo heifers of 18-24 months were selected as experimental animals. The respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure was measured through BPL-Excello multi parameter monitor. Rectal temperatures were recorded with electronic thermometer. Skin surface temperatures at the different body sites were recorded using infrared thermometer (Metravi MT-2). The blood flow was measured on Perimed Multichannel Laser Doppler system using skin perfusion probe 408 at dorsal region, abdomen region and middle ear. Results showed a significant difference for respiration rate (P<0.001); rectal temperature (P<0.05) and heart rate (P<0.001) during summer and winter season. The mean blood pressure was 93.74/186.36 mmHg in summer and 97.40/198.08 mmHg in winter, respectively. In the present experiment, both diastolic and systolic pressure differed significantly (P<0.001) during different seasons. The mean skin surface temperature in summer was 37.03±0.39, 36.12±0.27 and 33.15±0.98°C at dorsal, abdomen and middle ear, respectively; whereas, during winter it was 29.87±0.69, 29.92±0.40 and 23.82±1.12°C at dorsal, abdomen and middle ear, respectively. The skin surface temperature among the different parts of the body differed significantly (P<0.001). During summer, the mean blood flow was 4.71±0.49, 14.85±1.63 and 16.72±1.47 PU; whereas, during winter, it was low, 1.10±0.16, 8.96±0.58 and 12.16±0.95 PU at dorsal, abdomen and middle ear, respectively. The difference in the blood flow among the different parts of the body differed significantly (P<0.001) in summer and winter. The results indicated that blood flow was positively correlated with temperature of the body parts and it varied in different seasons. This study concluded that, summer stress evokes a series of physiological changes in the Murrah buffalo's, which affects production during summer season.
The Indian journal of tuberculosis, 2013
In a clinical microbiology laboratory, heat fixed slide smears are commonly transported from one ... more In a clinical microbiology laboratory, heat fixed slide smears are commonly transported from one place to another for staining with different stains and also for onsite proficiency testing of laboratory technicians for accreditation of the laboratories. These smears are frequently handled without gloves by the staff in developing countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to check the survivability of tubercle bacilli on smears after physical and chemical treatments. A total of 196 AFB positive smears were analyzed. Of these, 116 were stained with Ziehl Neelsen (ZN), 60 with cold Kinyoun and 10 were unstained but heat fixed and 10 were neither stained nor heat fixed. The last 20 smears served as controls. The ZN and Kinyoun stained smears were 0-1.5-year-old and stored at room temperature in slide boxes, while control smears were freshly prepared. All smears were prepared from sputum samples positive for acid fast bacilli. All four sets were subjected to slide culture to see if ...
Ceramics International, 2015
Single phase polycrystalline lithium ferrites modified with Zn and Mn were synthesized by solid s... more Single phase polycrystalline lithium ferrites modified with Zn and Mn were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The prepared samples exhibit a markedly increased value in real part of dielectric constant (ε) and a lowest loss tangent (tanδ) for x =0.04 measured in the frequency range 70Hz to 1MHz. The saturation magnetic moment (M s) varies non-monotonically for different values of x. A maximum value of M s = 76 emu/g has been found for x = 0.02. Such results in lithium ferrite based ferrites being found rarely.
Potato Research, 2007
Abstract Field studies were conducted at the Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram ... more Abstract Field studies were conducted at the Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram (India), during two seasons (20032004 and 20042005), with two processing cultivars (cvs Kufri Chipsona-1 and Kufri Chipsona-2) and nine combinations of potassium source (K-...
Tuberculosis, 2014
Line Probe Assays (LPAs) have been recommended for rapid screening of MDR-TB. Aims of this study ... more Line Probe Assays (LPAs) have been recommended for rapid screening of MDR-TB. Aims of this study were (1) to compare the performance of LPA with standard Bactec MGIT 960 system and (2) to ascertain the pattern of genetic mutations in the resistance isolates. In phase I, a total of 141 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from our routine laboratory were tested by LPA and Bactec MGIT 960 for DST. In phase II, 578 sputum specimens of suspected DR-TB patients were received from the Punjab state of India. Of them 438 specimens or their cultures were subjected to LPA. The presence of mutant bands with their corresponding wild type band was identified as &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;hetero-resistance&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;. In phase I, LPA showed high concordance with 96.4% positive agreement and 97.6% negative agreement with Bactec MGIT 960-DST. In phase II, 12 (2.7%) specimens were detected as invalid by LPA. Of the remaining 426 specimens, 184 (43.1%) had resistance to RIF and 142 (33.3%) to INH while 103 (24.1%) specimens showed resistance to both INH and RIF (MDR-TB) by LPA. Of the 142 INH resistant, 113 (79.5%) showed mutations in katG and 29 (20.4%) in inhA. A high rate of hetero-resistance pattern was observed in rpoB gene (28.8%) and katG gene (9.8%). The most frequent mutation was S531L (81.1%) in rpoB region and S315T1 (100%) in katG gene.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2014
International Journal of Mycobacteriology, 2014
Background: Species specific diagnosis of mycobacterial infection is crucial because treatment of... more Background: Species specific diagnosis of mycobacterial infection is crucial because treatment of infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) differs from that of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species. The species identification used to be cumbersome and non-reproducible a decade ago. Objectives: Recently, some commercial tests have been made available to differentiate the MTB and NTM growths in culture media. Sensitivity and specificity of these tests was evaluated. Materials and methods: In this double blind study 572 clinical samples were cultured in an automated BACTEC-MGIT-960 system. A total of 147 (25.7%) samples were MGIT culture positive. These cultures were subjected to an in-house m-PCR (which amplifies hsp-65, esat-6 and ITS region for MAC), two commercial immune-chromatographic tests (ICTs) and phenotypic tests. Results: Of the 147 MGIT positive cultures, m-PCR was able to correctly identify MTB in 123 cultures and NTM in 24 which included 3 MAC isolates. m-PCR showed 100% agreement with two gold standard methods-the nitrate reductase assay and PNB tests-in correctly identifying MTB. Commercial strips were able to correctly identify MTB in 120 (97.5%) of 123 cultures, while 3 (2.5%) isolates were falsely identified as NTM. However, none of the growth negative spent medium gave false positive results in any of the tests. None of the commercial strips misidentified any of the 24 NTM as MTB; hence, specificity of these strips was 100%. Of the 2 IC test systems, both SD Bioline and BD TBc strip tests missed 2.5% of MTB isolates and misidentified these as NTM. Conclusion: The in-house m-PCR was found to be the most accurate and efficient tool for identifying the MTB, MAC and other NTMs.
Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2013
Background and objectives: Because of the developing resistance of Mycobacterium species against ... more Background and objectives: Because of the developing resistance of Mycobacterium species against currently available anti-mycobacterial drugs, there is an urgent need for new drug development. In this study, we have evaluated the in vitro anti-mycobacterial activity of Plumeria bicolor extract and its phytoconstituents e plumericin and isoplumericin against multi-drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: The in vitro anti-mycobacterial activity of chloroform extract of P. bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin were tested against M. tuberculosis (H37Rv) and four multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using MTT (Tetrazolium bromide [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide]) assay. The extract and both compounds were further evaluated by standard assay procedures to determine their minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Cytotoxicity of these compounds was performed against J774G8 murine macrophage cell lines. The activity was represented in the mean (AESD) of duplicate samples from three independent assays. Results: Plumericin showed better activity against pan sensitive as well as four MDR strains of M. tuberculosis with MIC values of 2.1 AE 0.12, 1.3 AE 0.15, 2.0 AE 0.07, 1.5 AE 0.13 & 2.0 AE 0.14 mg/mL and MBC values of 3.6 AE 0.22, 2.5 AE 0.18, 3.8 AE 0.27, 2.9 AE 0.20 & 3.7 AE 0.32 mg/mL than isoplumericin, respectively. Interestingly, both isolated active compounds showed an advantage over rifampicin (80 times) and isoniazid (8 times) by being highly active against the MDR strains. The extract and both compounds were found to be non-toxic against J774G8 macrophages up to the used concentrations. Conclusion: Plumericin showed more potent activity than isoplumericin. The excellent activity of these compounds against MDR strains opens a possibility of obtaining new anti-mycobacterial drug candidate in near future.
Potato Research, 2007
Abstract A field study was conducted during 20002001 and 20012002 at the Central Potato Researc... more Abstract A field study was conducted during 20002001 and 20012002 at the Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram, India, in order to increasing the processing-grade tuber yield of India&#x27;s first ever developed processing potato cultivars, Kufri Chipsona-1 and Kufri ...
Modern Physics Letters B, 2009
In this paper we report samarium substituted Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics.... more In this paper we report samarium substituted Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics. The material series with compositional formula Ba 0.80-x Sm x Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 with x varying from 0 to 0.01 in the steps of 0.0025 was chosen for investigations. The material was synthesized by solid state reaction method. Reacted powders compacted in the form of circular discs were sintered at 1325°C. All the samples were subjected to X-ray analysis and found to be single phase. Dielectric behavior was studied as a function of frequency and temperature and Curie temperature (Tc) was determined. Tc was found to decrease with increasing x. The details are discussed and presented here.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2011
Lanthanum modified Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics with composition Ba 0.80−x... more Lanthanum modified Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics with composition Ba 0.80−x La x Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 ; x = 0-0.01 in steps of 0.0025 were prepared by conventional solid state method. All the samples were sintered at 1325 • C after compacting in circular discs. Detailed structural and ferroelectric properties were carried out for sintered specimens. X-ray diffraction analysis for all the sintered specimens shows tetragonal structure with perovskite. Coercive field (E c) and remanent polarization (P r) to spontaneous polarization (P s
Journal of Laboratory Physicians, 2012
ABSTRACTMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing public health concern in many parts of ... more ABSTRACTMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing public health concern in many parts of the world, especially in low-income countries, where most cases occur. Traditional mycobacteria culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) is either time-consuming or expensive and for that reason uptake of these technologies has remained limited in many resource-constrained settings. However, several non-commercial culture and DST methods that do not require sophisticated infrastructure and techniques have been developed. One such method is the microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS). In this method microcolonies that form in the liquid culture medium after specimen inoculation to drug-free and drug-containing micro-wells are detected by visual observation with a simple inverted microscope. The identification and drug susceptibility results can be obtained in 7-15 days. This standard operating procedure document has been developed through the culture and DST subgroup...
Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2010
Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) processing industry has emerged fast due to economic liberal... more Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) processing industry has emerged fast due to economic liberalization coupled with growing urbanization, expanding market options and development of indegenous processing varieties. India's fi rst potato processing varieties 'Kufri Chipsona-1' and 'Kufri Chipsona-2' were developed in 1998, followed by an improved processing variety 'Kufri Chipsona-3' in 2005 for the Indian plains and fi rst chipping variety 'Kufri Himsona' for the hills. These varieties have >21% tuber dry matter content, contain low reducing sugars (<0.1% on fresh wt) and are most suitable for producing chips, French fries and dehydrated products. The availability of these varieties and standardization of storage techniques for processing potatoes at 10-12°C with sprout suppressant isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate have revolutionized the processing scenario within a short span of 10 years. Currently about 4% of total potato produce is being processed in organized and unorganized sector. Potato processing industry mainly comprises 4 segments: potato chips, French fries, potato fl akes/powder and other processed products. However, potato chips still continue to be the most popular processed product. The major challenge facing the industries lies in arranging round the year supply of processing varieties at reasonable price for their uninterrupted operation , besides several others which have been discussed at length and addressed with concrete solutions.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2009
FIG. 1. Relationship between the amount of time required for a Bactec MGIT 960 positive result an... more FIG. 1. Relationship between the amount of time required for a Bactec MGIT 960 positive result and the load of AFB in sputum samples.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2014
The MTBDR plus line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert MTB/RIF have been endorsed by the World Health Or... more The MTBDR plus line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert MTB/RIF have been endorsed by the World Health Organization for the rapid diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, there is no clarity regarding the superiority of one over the other. In a double-blinded prospective study, we evaluated the efficacy of the Xpert MTB/RIF on samples that were first tested by LPA under the revised national tuberculosis control program of India. A total of 405 sputum samples from suspected drug-resistant tuberculosis patients were included. Of these, 285 smear-positive samples were subjected to LPA. Seventy-two (25.8%) samples showed multidrug resistance, 62 (22.2%) showed rifampin monoresistance, 29 (10.3%) showed isoniazid monoresistance, and 116 (41.5%) were pan-susceptible. Six (2.1%) of the samples gave invalid results. Of the 62 rifampin-monoresistant samples by LPA, 38 (61.4%) showed rifampin resistance, while 21 (33.8%) were found susceptible to rifampin by Xpert MTB/RIF using cartridge ve...
Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2010
... 504399 Rekha Rani a c , Parveen Kumar a c , Sangeeta Singh a , JK Juneja b , KK Raina c &... more ... 504399 Rekha Rani a c , Parveen Kumar a c , Sangeeta Singh a , JK Juneja b , KK Raina c & Chandra Prakash d pages 45-51. ... Mater. Res. Bull. , 40: 2064–2072. [CrossRef], [Web of Science ®] View all references, 99. Dutta, Soma, Choudhary, RNP and Sinha, PK 2007. ...
Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2010
... by Ultrasonic Mixing PARVEEN KUMAR,1,3 PRATIBHA SINGH,1,3 SANGEETA SINGH,1 JK JUNEJA,2 KK RAI... more ... by Ultrasonic Mixing PARVEEN KUMAR,1,3 PRATIBHA SINGH,1,3 SANGEETA SINGH,1 JK JUNEJA,2 KK RAINA,3 AND CHANDRA PRAKASH4,∗ ... 10. Sen Shrabanee and RNP Choudhary, Impedance studies of Sr modified BaZr0.05Ti0.95O3 ceramics. Mater. Chem. Phys. ...
The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2011
Background & objectives: The severe toxicity, exorbitant cost and emerging resistance of Leishman... more Background & objectives: The severe toxicity, exorbitant cost and emerging resistance of Leishmania species against most of the currently used drugs underscores the urgent need for the alternative drugs. The present study evaluates in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of Plumeria bicolor and its isolated compounds. Methods: The in vitro anti-parasitic activity of chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin were tested alongwith appropriate controls against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania donovani using 96 well microtiter plate. The concentration used for assessing the antileishmanial activity of extract of Plumeria bicolor and both isolated compounds were 100 µg/ml and 15 µM, respectively. The viability of the cells was assessed by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was performed against J774G8 murine macrophage cells lines at the concentration of 30 µM. Results: The Plumeria bicolor extract showed activity with the IC 50 of 21±2.2 and 14±1.6 µg/ml against promastigote and amastigote forms of L. donovani, respectively. Plumericin consistently showed high activity with the IC 50 of 3.17±0.12 and 1.41±0.03 µM whereas isoplumericin showed the IC 50 of 7.2±0.08 µM and 4.1±0.02 µM against promastigote and amastigote forms, respectively. Cytotoxic effect of the chloroform extract of P. bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin was evaluated in murine macrophage (J774G8) model with CC 50 value of 75±5.3 µg/ml, 20.6±0.5 and 24±0.7 µM, respectively. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results indicated that plumericin showed more potent activity than isoplumericin and might be a promising anti-leishmanial agent against L. donovani.
Natural Product Communications, 2011
This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicol... more This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor and its phytoconstituents plumericin and isoplumericin against Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Plumericin's consistently high activity against Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans was more potent than isoplumericin and the standard antifungal drug nystatin suggesting its potential as a drug candidate for candidiasis and cryptococcosis.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2015
Journal of Buffalo Science, 2014
Present study was designed to investigate the changes in physiological reactions and blood flow d... more Present study was designed to investigate the changes in physiological reactions and blood flow during different seasons in Murrah buffaloes. Six Murrah buffalo heifers of 18-24 months were selected as experimental animals. The respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure was measured through BPL-Excello multi parameter monitor. Rectal temperatures were recorded with electronic thermometer. Skin surface temperatures at the different body sites were recorded using infrared thermometer (Metravi MT-2). The blood flow was measured on Perimed Multichannel Laser Doppler system using skin perfusion probe 408 at dorsal region, abdomen region and middle ear. Results showed a significant difference for respiration rate (P<0.001); rectal temperature (P<0.05) and heart rate (P<0.001) during summer and winter season. The mean blood pressure was 93.74/186.36 mmHg in summer and 97.40/198.08 mmHg in winter, respectively. In the present experiment, both diastolic and systolic pressure differed significantly (P<0.001) during different seasons. The mean skin surface temperature in summer was 37.03±0.39, 36.12±0.27 and 33.15±0.98°C at dorsal, abdomen and middle ear, respectively; whereas, during winter it was 29.87±0.69, 29.92±0.40 and 23.82±1.12°C at dorsal, abdomen and middle ear, respectively. The skin surface temperature among the different parts of the body differed significantly (P<0.001). During summer, the mean blood flow was 4.71±0.49, 14.85±1.63 and 16.72±1.47 PU; whereas, during winter, it was low, 1.10±0.16, 8.96±0.58 and 12.16±0.95 PU at dorsal, abdomen and middle ear, respectively. The difference in the blood flow among the different parts of the body differed significantly (P<0.001) in summer and winter. The results indicated that blood flow was positively correlated with temperature of the body parts and it varied in different seasons. This study concluded that, summer stress evokes a series of physiological changes in the Murrah buffalo's, which affects production during summer season.
The Indian journal of tuberculosis, 2013
In a clinical microbiology laboratory, heat fixed slide smears are commonly transported from one ... more In a clinical microbiology laboratory, heat fixed slide smears are commonly transported from one place to another for staining with different stains and also for onsite proficiency testing of laboratory technicians for accreditation of the laboratories. These smears are frequently handled without gloves by the staff in developing countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to check the survivability of tubercle bacilli on smears after physical and chemical treatments. A total of 196 AFB positive smears were analyzed. Of these, 116 were stained with Ziehl Neelsen (ZN), 60 with cold Kinyoun and 10 were unstained but heat fixed and 10 were neither stained nor heat fixed. The last 20 smears served as controls. The ZN and Kinyoun stained smears were 0-1.5-year-old and stored at room temperature in slide boxes, while control smears were freshly prepared. All smears were prepared from sputum samples positive for acid fast bacilli. All four sets were subjected to slide culture to see if ...
Ceramics International, 2015
Single phase polycrystalline lithium ferrites modified with Zn and Mn were synthesized by solid s... more Single phase polycrystalline lithium ferrites modified with Zn and Mn were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The prepared samples exhibit a markedly increased value in real part of dielectric constant (ε) and a lowest loss tangent (tanδ) for x =0.04 measured in the frequency range 70Hz to 1MHz. The saturation magnetic moment (M s) varies non-monotonically for different values of x. A maximum value of M s = 76 emu/g has been found for x = 0.02. Such results in lithium ferrite based ferrites being found rarely.
Potato Research, 2007
Abstract Field studies were conducted at the Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram ... more Abstract Field studies were conducted at the Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram (India), during two seasons (20032004 and 20042005), with two processing cultivars (cvs Kufri Chipsona-1 and Kufri Chipsona-2) and nine combinations of potassium source (K-...
Tuberculosis, 2014
Line Probe Assays (LPAs) have been recommended for rapid screening of MDR-TB. Aims of this study ... more Line Probe Assays (LPAs) have been recommended for rapid screening of MDR-TB. Aims of this study were (1) to compare the performance of LPA with standard Bactec MGIT 960 system and (2) to ascertain the pattern of genetic mutations in the resistance isolates. In phase I, a total of 141 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from our routine laboratory were tested by LPA and Bactec MGIT 960 for DST. In phase II, 578 sputum specimens of suspected DR-TB patients were received from the Punjab state of India. Of them 438 specimens or their cultures were subjected to LPA. The presence of mutant bands with their corresponding wild type band was identified as &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;hetero-resistance&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;. In phase I, LPA showed high concordance with 96.4% positive agreement and 97.6% negative agreement with Bactec MGIT 960-DST. In phase II, 12 (2.7%) specimens were detected as invalid by LPA. Of the remaining 426 specimens, 184 (43.1%) had resistance to RIF and 142 (33.3%) to INH while 103 (24.1%) specimens showed resistance to both INH and RIF (MDR-TB) by LPA. Of the 142 INH resistant, 113 (79.5%) showed mutations in katG and 29 (20.4%) in inhA. A high rate of hetero-resistance pattern was observed in rpoB gene (28.8%) and katG gene (9.8%). The most frequent mutation was S531L (81.1%) in rpoB region and S315T1 (100%) in katG gene.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2014
International Journal of Mycobacteriology, 2014
Background: Species specific diagnosis of mycobacterial infection is crucial because treatment of... more Background: Species specific diagnosis of mycobacterial infection is crucial because treatment of infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) differs from that of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species. The species identification used to be cumbersome and non-reproducible a decade ago. Objectives: Recently, some commercial tests have been made available to differentiate the MTB and NTM growths in culture media. Sensitivity and specificity of these tests was evaluated. Materials and methods: In this double blind study 572 clinical samples were cultured in an automated BACTEC-MGIT-960 system. A total of 147 (25.7%) samples were MGIT culture positive. These cultures were subjected to an in-house m-PCR (which amplifies hsp-65, esat-6 and ITS region for MAC), two commercial immune-chromatographic tests (ICTs) and phenotypic tests. Results: Of the 147 MGIT positive cultures, m-PCR was able to correctly identify MTB in 123 cultures and NTM in 24 which included 3 MAC isolates. m-PCR showed 100% agreement with two gold standard methods-the nitrate reductase assay and PNB tests-in correctly identifying MTB. Commercial strips were able to correctly identify MTB in 120 (97.5%) of 123 cultures, while 3 (2.5%) isolates were falsely identified as NTM. However, none of the growth negative spent medium gave false positive results in any of the tests. None of the commercial strips misidentified any of the 24 NTM as MTB; hence, specificity of these strips was 100%. Of the 2 IC test systems, both SD Bioline and BD TBc strip tests missed 2.5% of MTB isolates and misidentified these as NTM. Conclusion: The in-house m-PCR was found to be the most accurate and efficient tool for identifying the MTB, MAC and other NTMs.
Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2013
Background and objectives: Because of the developing resistance of Mycobacterium species against ... more Background and objectives: Because of the developing resistance of Mycobacterium species against currently available anti-mycobacterial drugs, there is an urgent need for new drug development. In this study, we have evaluated the in vitro anti-mycobacterial activity of Plumeria bicolor extract and its phytoconstituents e plumericin and isoplumericin against multi-drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: The in vitro anti-mycobacterial activity of chloroform extract of P. bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin were tested against M. tuberculosis (H37Rv) and four multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using MTT (Tetrazolium bromide [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide]) assay. The extract and both compounds were further evaluated by standard assay procedures to determine their minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Cytotoxicity of these compounds was performed against J774G8 murine macrophage cell lines. The activity was represented in the mean (AESD) of duplicate samples from three independent assays. Results: Plumericin showed better activity against pan sensitive as well as four MDR strains of M. tuberculosis with MIC values of 2.1 AE 0.12, 1.3 AE 0.15, 2.0 AE 0.07, 1.5 AE 0.13 & 2.0 AE 0.14 mg/mL and MBC values of 3.6 AE 0.22, 2.5 AE 0.18, 3.8 AE 0.27, 2.9 AE 0.20 & 3.7 AE 0.32 mg/mL than isoplumericin, respectively. Interestingly, both isolated active compounds showed an advantage over rifampicin (80 times) and isoniazid (8 times) by being highly active against the MDR strains. The extract and both compounds were found to be non-toxic against J774G8 macrophages up to the used concentrations. Conclusion: Plumericin showed more potent activity than isoplumericin. The excellent activity of these compounds against MDR strains opens a possibility of obtaining new anti-mycobacterial drug candidate in near future.
Potato Research, 2007
Abstract A field study was conducted during 20002001 and 20012002 at the Central Potato Researc... more Abstract A field study was conducted during 20002001 and 20012002 at the Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram, India, in order to increasing the processing-grade tuber yield of India&#x27;s first ever developed processing potato cultivars, Kufri Chipsona-1 and Kufri ...
Modern Physics Letters B, 2009
In this paper we report samarium substituted Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics.... more In this paper we report samarium substituted Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics. The material series with compositional formula Ba 0.80-x Sm x Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 with x varying from 0 to 0.01 in the steps of 0.0025 was chosen for investigations. The material was synthesized by solid state reaction method. Reacted powders compacted in the form of circular discs were sintered at 1325°C. All the samples were subjected to X-ray analysis and found to be single phase. Dielectric behavior was studied as a function of frequency and temperature and Curie temperature (Tc) was determined. Tc was found to decrease with increasing x. The details are discussed and presented here.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2011
Lanthanum modified Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics with composition Ba 0.80−x... more Lanthanum modified Ba 0.80 Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BPZT) ceramics with composition Ba 0.80−x La x Pb 0.20 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 ; x = 0-0.01 in steps of 0.0025 were prepared by conventional solid state method. All the samples were sintered at 1325 • C after compacting in circular discs. Detailed structural and ferroelectric properties were carried out for sintered specimens. X-ray diffraction analysis for all the sintered specimens shows tetragonal structure with perovskite. Coercive field (E c) and remanent polarization (P r) to spontaneous polarization (P s
Journal of Laboratory Physicians, 2012
ABSTRACTMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing public health concern in many parts of ... more ABSTRACTMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing public health concern in many parts of the world, especially in low-income countries, where most cases occur. Traditional mycobacteria culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) is either time-consuming or expensive and for that reason uptake of these technologies has remained limited in many resource-constrained settings. However, several non-commercial culture and DST methods that do not require sophisticated infrastructure and techniques have been developed. One such method is the microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS). In this method microcolonies that form in the liquid culture medium after specimen inoculation to drug-free and drug-containing micro-wells are detected by visual observation with a simple inverted microscope. The identification and drug susceptibility results can be obtained in 7-15 days. This standard operating procedure document has been developed through the culture and DST subgroup...
Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2010
Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) processing industry has emerged fast due to economic liberal... more Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) processing industry has emerged fast due to economic liberalization coupled with growing urbanization, expanding market options and development of indegenous processing varieties. India's fi rst potato processing varieties 'Kufri Chipsona-1' and 'Kufri Chipsona-2' were developed in 1998, followed by an improved processing variety 'Kufri Chipsona-3' in 2005 for the Indian plains and fi rst chipping variety 'Kufri Himsona' for the hills. These varieties have >21% tuber dry matter content, contain low reducing sugars (<0.1% on fresh wt) and are most suitable for producing chips, French fries and dehydrated products. The availability of these varieties and standardization of storage techniques for processing potatoes at 10-12°C with sprout suppressant isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate have revolutionized the processing scenario within a short span of 10 years. Currently about 4% of total potato produce is being processed in organized and unorganized sector. Potato processing industry mainly comprises 4 segments: potato chips, French fries, potato fl akes/powder and other processed products. However, potato chips still continue to be the most popular processed product. The major challenge facing the industries lies in arranging round the year supply of processing varieties at reasonable price for their uninterrupted operation , besides several others which have been discussed at length and addressed with concrete solutions.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2009
FIG. 1. Relationship between the amount of time required for a Bactec MGIT 960 positive result an... more FIG. 1. Relationship between the amount of time required for a Bactec MGIT 960 positive result and the load of AFB in sputum samples.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2014
The MTBDR plus line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert MTB/RIF have been endorsed by the World Health Or... more The MTBDR plus line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert MTB/RIF have been endorsed by the World Health Organization for the rapid diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, there is no clarity regarding the superiority of one over the other. In a double-blinded prospective study, we evaluated the efficacy of the Xpert MTB/RIF on samples that were first tested by LPA under the revised national tuberculosis control program of India. A total of 405 sputum samples from suspected drug-resistant tuberculosis patients were included. Of these, 285 smear-positive samples were subjected to LPA. Seventy-two (25.8%) samples showed multidrug resistance, 62 (22.2%) showed rifampin monoresistance, 29 (10.3%) showed isoniazid monoresistance, and 116 (41.5%) were pan-susceptible. Six (2.1%) of the samples gave invalid results. Of the 62 rifampin-monoresistant samples by LPA, 38 (61.4%) showed rifampin resistance, while 21 (33.8%) were found susceptible to rifampin by Xpert MTB/RIF using cartridge ve...
Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2010
... 504399 Rekha Rani a c , Parveen Kumar a c , Sangeeta Singh a , JK Juneja b , KK Raina c &... more ... 504399 Rekha Rani a c , Parveen Kumar a c , Sangeeta Singh a , JK Juneja b , KK Raina c & Chandra Prakash d pages 45-51. ... Mater. Res. Bull. , 40: 2064–2072. [CrossRef], [Web of Science ®] View all references, 99. Dutta, Soma, Choudhary, RNP and Sinha, PK 2007. ...
Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2010
... by Ultrasonic Mixing PARVEEN KUMAR,1,3 PRATIBHA SINGH,1,3 SANGEETA SINGH,1 JK JUNEJA,2 KK RAI... more ... by Ultrasonic Mixing PARVEEN KUMAR,1,3 PRATIBHA SINGH,1,3 SANGEETA SINGH,1 JK JUNEJA,2 KK RAINA,3 AND CHANDRA PRAKASH4,∗ ... 10. Sen Shrabanee and RNP Choudhary, Impedance studies of Sr modified BaZr0.05Ti0.95O3 ceramics. Mater. Chem. Phys. ...
The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2011
Background & objectives: The severe toxicity, exorbitant cost and emerging resistance of Leishman... more Background & objectives: The severe toxicity, exorbitant cost and emerging resistance of Leishmania species against most of the currently used drugs underscores the urgent need for the alternative drugs. The present study evaluates in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of Plumeria bicolor and its isolated compounds. Methods: The in vitro anti-parasitic activity of chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin were tested alongwith appropriate controls against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania donovani using 96 well microtiter plate. The concentration used for assessing the antileishmanial activity of extract of Plumeria bicolor and both isolated compounds were 100 µg/ml and 15 µM, respectively. The viability of the cells was assessed by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was performed against J774G8 murine macrophage cells lines at the concentration of 30 µM. Results: The Plumeria bicolor extract showed activity with the IC 50 of 21±2.2 and 14±1.6 µg/ml against promastigote and amastigote forms of L. donovani, respectively. Plumericin consistently showed high activity with the IC 50 of 3.17±0.12 and 1.41±0.03 µM whereas isoplumericin showed the IC 50 of 7.2±0.08 µM and 4.1±0.02 µM against promastigote and amastigote forms, respectively. Cytotoxic effect of the chloroform extract of P. bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin was evaluated in murine macrophage (J774G8) model with CC 50 value of 75±5.3 µg/ml, 20.6±0.5 and 24±0.7 µM, respectively. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results indicated that plumericin showed more potent activity than isoplumericin and might be a promising anti-leishmanial agent against L. donovani.