jyoti tripathi | Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (original) (raw)
Papers by jyoti tripathi
Women are one of the biggest assets in our society. Women are perfectionists and have power to cr... more Women are one of the biggest assets in our society. Women are perfectionists and have power to create, nurture and transform. Women's education, marital status, family structure and political affiliation of family affect their participation. Women are becoming more active and responsible in their duties outside the home. Still, they need more active participation to achieve democracy at grass root level. It is, undoubtedly, as much a challenge as it is a welcome change. Political Participation simply means participation or involvement in political activities. The development of society will be incomplete without the contribution of women. They are one of the most important part of the society by constituting half of the population. Women have to be active participants in administrative responsibilities and take leadership roles. Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) have opened the door of opportunities for women at various fronts. Through their active participation in these institutions, they are showing their decision-making capabilities in the field of comprehensive development of rural society viz. financial, cultural, social and educational development etc. This Paper will discuss about the history of Local governance, the role of women in politics and their behaviour in Politics by focusing on how PRIs is a tool to uplift the women in all the sphere of their lives. This paper includes primary and secondary data in descriptive methods.
Apart from various social, historical, economic and resource related characteristics Madhya Prade... more Apart from various social, historical, economic and resource related characteristics Madhya Pradesh is well known as a ' labour surplus stat e ' as well in contemporary India. With the largest population of Scheduled Tribes and subsequently relatively higher population of Scheduled Castes the state has been supplying laboure force, basically unskilled or semiskilled , to the urban and industrial states having relatively faster pace of development i.e. Gujrat, Maharashtra, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan etc. Within the state as well there has been frequent and massive movement of labour force in search of wage work from rural to urban and industrial areas. Particularly since early 90s the process of labour movement, termed as ' migratio n ' or ' commutin g ' , depending on the situation, has been increasing gradually. Unfortunately, with relatively poor human resource development index the majority of the persons migrating or commuting have not sufficient knowledge about availability of wage works, good or bad work sites, wage situations, health and hygiene issues, means of remittances, citizen rights etc. These persons (labourers, once out of the village) are amongst the poorest and most vulnerable groups of the village society. In this situation their recruitments are done mostly by labour market intermediaries or recruitment agents known as ' Mukkaddam s '. They often belong to the communities that they recruit from. Mukkaddams are either slightly better educated or are more experienced about wage work sites and opportunities while they are socially better connected than the labourers. Historically Mukkadams played an important role in bringing migrants to the Havelis from the Mahakaushal region (the plains with fertile land, larger landholdings, good irrigation and agricultural productivity). With time, as non-farm works are overlapping farming works in the development scenario, their roles and attractions are also being diverted towards the non-farm sectors. These days they can recruit labourers for any kind of wage work for telephone cable work, road construction, canal construction, building construction, sugar mill work, brick kiln work and bamboo cutting work etc. In spite of the fact that they have a crucial presence in the labour market of/out of Madhya Pradesh (for MP labourers mainly) and have been playing multiple roles regarding labourers, their needs and facilities, serving needs of the contractors or employers and earning own livelihoods these are generally ignored in the development sector. Other than this, their relationships with the labour laws, Labour Department and officers appear as ' thief-polic e ' relationships as they are not educated in this concern while labour laws and related policies do not provide a logical space to them to work and operate accordingly. This situation, finally, harms labourers and the process of development. The present study attempts to know the ground realties related with Mukkaddams and to come out with few realistic suggestions to make the process of migration ' migrant friendly (not necessarily the migration friendly) ' and employers' labourfriendly within and out of Madhya Pradesh.
Social Change
This article traces the experiences of accompanying wives who had migrated with their husbands fr... more This article traces the experiences of accompanying wives who had migrated with their husbands from southern Bihar and Uttar Pradesh and returned to their villages during the COVID-19 pandemic. It dwells on post-marriage migration and work which is an under-researched aspect of women’s migration. Our study offers insights into the ways in which married women navigate power relations within the family as well as their places of work to fulfil their family obligations and personal aspirations. The analysis shows how they juggle multiple family roles as wives, mothers, daughters-in-law and daughters in their decisions related to (im)mobility, work and earning. Theoretically, the article speaks to the production of gendered and racialised work and how these fit into capitalist accumulation, women’s productive and reproductive labour, and the tensions between family duties and personal aspirations. The women in the study were ‘factory’ workers, home-based workers and ‘homeworkers’, all w...
Women are one of the biggest assets in our society. Women are perfectionists and have power to cr... more Women are one of the biggest assets in our society. Women are perfectionists and have power to create, nurture and transform. Women's education, marital status, family structure and political affiliation of family affect their participation. Women are becoming more active and responsible in their duties outside the home. Still, they need more active participation to achieve democracy at grass root level. It is, undoubtedly, as much a challenge as it is a welcome change. Political Participation simply means participation or involvement in political activities. The development of society will be incomplete without the contribution of women. They are one of the most important part of the society by constituting half of the population. Women have to be active participants in administrative responsibilities and take leadership roles. Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) have opened the door of opportunities for women at various fronts. Through their active participation in these institutions, they are showing their decision-making capabilities in the field of comprehensive development of rural society viz. financial, cultural, social and educational development etc. This Paper will discuss about the history of Local governance, the role of women in politics and their behaviour in Politics by focusing on how PRIs is a tool to uplift the women in all the sphere of their lives. This paper includes primary and secondary data in descriptive methods.
Apart from various social, historical, economic and resource related characteristics Madhya Prade... more Apart from various social, historical, economic and resource related characteristics Madhya Pradesh is well known as a ' labour surplus stat e ' as well in contemporary India. With the largest population of Scheduled Tribes and subsequently relatively higher population of Scheduled Castes the state has been supplying laboure force, basically unskilled or semiskilled , to the urban and industrial states having relatively faster pace of development i.e. Gujrat, Maharashtra, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan etc. Within the state as well there has been frequent and massive movement of labour force in search of wage work from rural to urban and industrial areas. Particularly since early 90s the process of labour movement, termed as ' migratio n ' or ' commutin g ' , depending on the situation, has been increasing gradually. Unfortunately, with relatively poor human resource development index the majority of the persons migrating or commuting have not sufficient knowledge about availability of wage works, good or bad work sites, wage situations, health and hygiene issues, means of remittances, citizen rights etc. These persons (labourers, once out of the village) are amongst the poorest and most vulnerable groups of the village society. In this situation their recruitments are done mostly by labour market intermediaries or recruitment agents known as ' Mukkaddam s '. They often belong to the communities that they recruit from. Mukkaddams are either slightly better educated or are more experienced about wage work sites and opportunities while they are socially better connected than the labourers. Historically Mukkadams played an important role in bringing migrants to the Havelis from the Mahakaushal region (the plains with fertile land, larger landholdings, good irrigation and agricultural productivity). With time, as non-farm works are overlapping farming works in the development scenario, their roles and attractions are also being diverted towards the non-farm sectors. These days they can recruit labourers for any kind of wage work for telephone cable work, road construction, canal construction, building construction, sugar mill work, brick kiln work and bamboo cutting work etc. In spite of the fact that they have a crucial presence in the labour market of/out of Madhya Pradesh (for MP labourers mainly) and have been playing multiple roles regarding labourers, their needs and facilities, serving needs of the contractors or employers and earning own livelihoods these are generally ignored in the development sector. Other than this, their relationships with the labour laws, Labour Department and officers appear as ' thief-polic e ' relationships as they are not educated in this concern while labour laws and related policies do not provide a logical space to them to work and operate accordingly. This situation, finally, harms labourers and the process of development. The present study attempts to know the ground realties related with Mukkaddams and to come out with few realistic suggestions to make the process of migration ' migrant friendly (not necessarily the migration friendly) ' and employers' labourfriendly within and out of Madhya Pradesh.
Social Change
This article traces the experiences of accompanying wives who had migrated with their husbands fr... more This article traces the experiences of accompanying wives who had migrated with their husbands from southern Bihar and Uttar Pradesh and returned to their villages during the COVID-19 pandemic. It dwells on post-marriage migration and work which is an under-researched aspect of women’s migration. Our study offers insights into the ways in which married women navigate power relations within the family as well as their places of work to fulfil their family obligations and personal aspirations. The analysis shows how they juggle multiple family roles as wives, mothers, daughters-in-law and daughters in their decisions related to (im)mobility, work and earning. Theoretically, the article speaks to the production of gendered and racialised work and how these fit into capitalist accumulation, women’s productive and reproductive labour, and the tensions between family duties and personal aspirations. The women in the study were ‘factory’ workers, home-based workers and ‘homeworkers’, all w...