Rhys Hughes | BIMM Institute (original) (raw)
Papers by Rhys Hughes
Angewandte Chemie, Feb 28, 2024
Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology, Jul 21, 2021
This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has... more This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as
BMJ open sport and exercise medicine, Oct 1, 2021
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 1981
Radiotherapy and Oncology, May 1, 2012
Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 2019
study (NCT02578680); benefit was observed in all analyzed subgroups, including PD-L1 TPS <1%, 1-4... more study (NCT02578680); benefit was observed in all analyzed subgroups, including PD-L1 TPS <1%, 1-49%, and 50%. We explored the association of TMB with efficacy in KEYNOTE-189. Method: 616 patients were randomized 2:1 to pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy or placebo plus chemotherapy. TMB was determined by whole-exome sequencing of tumor and matched normal DNA. Association of TMB (continuous log 10 transformed) with outcomes in each arm was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models (OS, PFS) and logistic regression (ORR); statistical significance was determined at the 0.05 level without multiplicity adjustment. The clinical utility of TMB on outcomes was assessed using prespecified TMB cutpoints of 175 and 150 Mut/exome (w13 and w10 Mut/Mb by FoundationOne CDx). Data cutoff was 21 Sep 2018. Result: 293 (48.3%) treated patients had evaluable TMB data: 207 for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, 86 for placebo plus chemotherapy. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were generally similar in the TMB-evaluable and total populations. TMB as a continuous variable was not significantly associated with OS, PFS, or ORR for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy (one-sided P ¼ .174, .075 and .072, respectively) or placebo plus chemotherapy (two-sided P ¼ .856, .055 and .434, respectively). Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy improved OS, PFS, and ORR for TMB 175 and <175 (Table). Results were similar for TMB 150 and <150. Conclusion: TMB was not significantly associated with efficacy of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy or placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy had a similar OS benefit in the TMB-high and low subgroups.
British journal of anaesthesia, 2018
Cancellation of planned surgery impacts substantially on patients and health systems. This study ... more Cancellation of planned surgery impacts substantially on patients and health systems. This study describes the incidence and reasons for cancellation of inpatient surgery in the UK NHS. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study over 7 consecutive days in March 2017 in 245 NHS hospitals. Occurrences and reasons for previous surgical cancellations were recorded. Using multilevel logistic regression, we identified patient- and hospital-level factors associated with cancellation due to inadequate bed capacity. We analysed data from 14 936 patients undergoing planned surgery. A total of 1499 patients (10.0%) reported previous cancellation for the same procedure; contemporaneous hospital census data indicated that 13.9% patients attending inpatient operations were cancelled on the day of surgery. Non-clinical reasons, predominantly inadequate bed capacity, accounted for a large proportion of previous cancellations. Independent risk factors for cancellation due to inadequate be...
Audiologists are health care professionals responsible for the non-medical management of hearing ... more Audiologists are health care professionals responsible for the non-medical management of hearing and hearing disorders. A review of population and health statistics in Australia indicates that increasingly more audiologists are needed to service its growing and ageing population. The task of training audiologists falls to the universities that offer audiology programs. One of the biggest limiters on this training is the diminishing numbers of clinical placement opportunities available to the audiology students as a result of clinics external to the universities withdrawing their support of student training (due mostly to commercial pressures). As a result, many university audiology programs have begun to investigate simulation as a method of preparing students for clinical placements, and in particular, simulated patients (SPs). While SPs have been used widely in medicine and allied health professional education, only two studies have been conducted on their use in audiology. While both studies showed audiology students enjoyed working with SPs, neither showed if this work results in measurable gains in student skills. To investigate the potential of using SPs to train basic audiology skills in audiology students, the present research aimed to: (1) develop a tool for assessing the clinical skills of students working with SPs; and (2) compare the effectiveness of SP training versus seminar training for improving the clinical skills of first year audiology students. To develop a tool for assessing audiology students taking a case history from and giving feedback to a simulated patient (SP), a tool from the cognate discipline of speech pathology was modified for use on audiology students. The modified tool, the Audiology Simulated Patient Interview Rating Scale (ASPIRS), was then used by three evaluators to assess 24 first-year masters of audiology students taking case histories from and providing feedback to SPs. Analysis of the tool's results showed it to have very high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha values from 0.91 to 0.97) and mean inter-item correlations (0.64 to 0.85) within evaluators, lower exact (29.2% to 54.2) but higher near (79.2% to 100%) agreement percentages between pairs of evaluators, and fair to moderate absolute agreement amongst evaluators for single evaluator scores (ICC values from 0.35 to 0.59) to substantial consistency agreement amongst evaluators for three evaluator averaged scores (ICC values from 0.62 to 0.81). Factor analysis showed the 12 items of the ASPIRS fell into two components, a more dominant component addressing feedback and a less dominant component addressing case history. These results indicated the ASPIRS has promise as a tool for assessing the clinical skills of audiology students as they take a case history from and provide feedback to a standardized patient (SP).
Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 1974
A physical-mathematical framework for the study of radiationconversion track-etch imaging systems... more A physical-mathematical framework for the study of radiationconversion track-etch imaging systems is formulated. Several converter arrangements of general interest are considered and the conversion efficiency, as it relates to the optical density formation, is evaluated. Using typical numerical values for the radiation transport parameters, it is found that the backconverter system and the central-converter system are the more efficient conversion systems for track-etch imaging.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 1974
Abstract The relative effectiveness of two important neutron-induced reactions employed in track-... more Abstract The relative effectiveness of two important neutron-induced reactions employed in track-etch imaging are analyzed. The basis for the evaluation is the formulation of a physically plausible model of radiation conversion and nuclear track formation. It is found that distinct conversion efficiency extrema and asymptotes exist. Although both reactions are characterized by similar efficiency maxima, the 10 B reaction possesses the potential to permit extremely high spatial resolution radiography. Optimum converter thicknesses exist for both reactions for a central converter imaging system.
Zisin (Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan. 2nd ser.), 1999
Journal of Surgery: Open Access, 2017
Objectives: Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) with intermittent stimulation, can predict rec... more Objectives: Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) with intermittent stimulation, can predict recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after the damage has been already done; on the other hand, continuous IONM (CIONM) via stimulation of the vagus nerve (VN) by the automated periodic stimulation (APS) electrode, should permit more reliable monitoring of the nerve's functional integrity during surgery. Methods: The advantages CIONM offers over its intermittent counterpart are indeed related to its ability to provide accurate and real-time feedback to enable the surgeon to act before damage has been inflicted on the nerve. Furthermore, these characteristics do not compromise safety and effectiveness of the surgical procedure. Results: The indications for its use have been progressively expanding, despite the still living surrounding skepticism, and recurrent thyroid disease, thyroidectomy with neck dissection, pre-existing unilateral vocal cord paralysis, previous neck treatment and high risk for intraoperative hemorrhage, represent the main situations with strong indications for CIONM use. Conclusions: This article provides a detailed description of this effective, patient's safety tool. Here we enclose IONM with APS technical and practical steps, in order to give the idea of a clear awareness of its benefits and to encourage surgeons to widen their skills and knowledge about its potential use.
Compounds of formula (I) and salts thereof are provided: wherein n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; R1 is selecte... more Compounds of formula (I) and salts thereof are provided: wherein n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; R1 is selected from phenyl and pyridyl, each of which is optionally substituted by one or two groups independently selected from C1-4alkyl and halogen; and R2 is selected from H and CH3 when n is 1 and R2 is H when n is 2 or 3. Processes for preparation, pharmaceutical compositions, and uses thereof as a medicament, for example in the treatment of a disease or condition mediated by a reduction or imbalance in glutamate receptor function, such as schizophrenia or cognition impairment, are also disclosed
Earth, Planets and Space, 2015
The High Precision Magnetometer (HPM) is one of the main payloads onboard the China Seismo-Electr... more The High Precision Magnetometer (HPM) is one of the main payloads onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES). The HPM consists of two Fluxgate Magnetometers (FGM) and the Coupled Dark State Magnetometer (CDSM), and measures the magnetic field from DC to 15 Hz. The FGMs measure the vector components of the magnetic field; while the CDSM detects the magnitude of the magnetic field with higher accuracy, which can be used to calibrate the linear parameters of the FGM. In this paper, brief descriptions of measurement principles and performances of the HPM, ground, and in-orbit calibration results of the FGMs are presented, including the thermal drift and magnetic interferences from the satellite. The HPM in-orbit vector data calibration includes two steps: sensor non-linearity corrections based on on-ground calibration and fluxgate linear parameter calibration based on the CDSM measurements. The calibration results show a reasonably good stability of the linear parameters over time. The difference between the field magnitude calculated from the calibrated FGM components and the magnitude directly measured by the CDSM is just 0.5 nT (1σ) when the linear parameters are fitted separately for the day-and the night-side. Satellite disturbances have been analyzed including soft and hard remanence as well as magnetization of the magnetic torquer, radiation from the Tri-Band Beacon, and interferences from the rotation of the solar wing. A comparison shows consistency between the HPM and SWARM magnetic field data. Observation examples are introduced in the paper, which show that HPM data can be used to survey the global geomagnetic field and monitor the magnetic field disturbances in the ionosphere.
نشریه علم و مهندسی سرامیک, Feb 10, 2020
Angewandte Chemie, Feb 28, 2024
Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology, Jul 21, 2021
This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has... more This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as
BMJ open sport and exercise medicine, Oct 1, 2021
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 1981
Radiotherapy and Oncology, May 1, 2012
Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 2019
study (NCT02578680); benefit was observed in all analyzed subgroups, including PD-L1 TPS <1%, 1-4... more study (NCT02578680); benefit was observed in all analyzed subgroups, including PD-L1 TPS <1%, 1-49%, and 50%. We explored the association of TMB with efficacy in KEYNOTE-189. Method: 616 patients were randomized 2:1 to pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy or placebo plus chemotherapy. TMB was determined by whole-exome sequencing of tumor and matched normal DNA. Association of TMB (continuous log 10 transformed) with outcomes in each arm was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models (OS, PFS) and logistic regression (ORR); statistical significance was determined at the 0.05 level without multiplicity adjustment. The clinical utility of TMB on outcomes was assessed using prespecified TMB cutpoints of 175 and 150 Mut/exome (w13 and w10 Mut/Mb by FoundationOne CDx). Data cutoff was 21 Sep 2018. Result: 293 (48.3%) treated patients had evaluable TMB data: 207 for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, 86 for placebo plus chemotherapy. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were generally similar in the TMB-evaluable and total populations. TMB as a continuous variable was not significantly associated with OS, PFS, or ORR for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy (one-sided P ¼ .174, .075 and .072, respectively) or placebo plus chemotherapy (two-sided P ¼ .856, .055 and .434, respectively). Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy improved OS, PFS, and ORR for TMB 175 and <175 (Table). Results were similar for TMB 150 and <150. Conclusion: TMB was not significantly associated with efficacy of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy or placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy had a similar OS benefit in the TMB-high and low subgroups.
British journal of anaesthesia, 2018
Cancellation of planned surgery impacts substantially on patients and health systems. This study ... more Cancellation of planned surgery impacts substantially on patients and health systems. This study describes the incidence and reasons for cancellation of inpatient surgery in the UK NHS. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study over 7 consecutive days in March 2017 in 245 NHS hospitals. Occurrences and reasons for previous surgical cancellations were recorded. Using multilevel logistic regression, we identified patient- and hospital-level factors associated with cancellation due to inadequate bed capacity. We analysed data from 14 936 patients undergoing planned surgery. A total of 1499 patients (10.0%) reported previous cancellation for the same procedure; contemporaneous hospital census data indicated that 13.9% patients attending inpatient operations were cancelled on the day of surgery. Non-clinical reasons, predominantly inadequate bed capacity, accounted for a large proportion of previous cancellations. Independent risk factors for cancellation due to inadequate be...
Audiologists are health care professionals responsible for the non-medical management of hearing ... more Audiologists are health care professionals responsible for the non-medical management of hearing and hearing disorders. A review of population and health statistics in Australia indicates that increasingly more audiologists are needed to service its growing and ageing population. The task of training audiologists falls to the universities that offer audiology programs. One of the biggest limiters on this training is the diminishing numbers of clinical placement opportunities available to the audiology students as a result of clinics external to the universities withdrawing their support of student training (due mostly to commercial pressures). As a result, many university audiology programs have begun to investigate simulation as a method of preparing students for clinical placements, and in particular, simulated patients (SPs). While SPs have been used widely in medicine and allied health professional education, only two studies have been conducted on their use in audiology. While both studies showed audiology students enjoyed working with SPs, neither showed if this work results in measurable gains in student skills. To investigate the potential of using SPs to train basic audiology skills in audiology students, the present research aimed to: (1) develop a tool for assessing the clinical skills of students working with SPs; and (2) compare the effectiveness of SP training versus seminar training for improving the clinical skills of first year audiology students. To develop a tool for assessing audiology students taking a case history from and giving feedback to a simulated patient (SP), a tool from the cognate discipline of speech pathology was modified for use on audiology students. The modified tool, the Audiology Simulated Patient Interview Rating Scale (ASPIRS), was then used by three evaluators to assess 24 first-year masters of audiology students taking case histories from and providing feedback to SPs. Analysis of the tool's results showed it to have very high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha values from 0.91 to 0.97) and mean inter-item correlations (0.64 to 0.85) within evaluators, lower exact (29.2% to 54.2) but higher near (79.2% to 100%) agreement percentages between pairs of evaluators, and fair to moderate absolute agreement amongst evaluators for single evaluator scores (ICC values from 0.35 to 0.59) to substantial consistency agreement amongst evaluators for three evaluator averaged scores (ICC values from 0.62 to 0.81). Factor analysis showed the 12 items of the ASPIRS fell into two components, a more dominant component addressing feedback and a less dominant component addressing case history. These results indicated the ASPIRS has promise as a tool for assessing the clinical skills of audiology students as they take a case history from and provide feedback to a standardized patient (SP).
Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 1974
A physical-mathematical framework for the study of radiationconversion track-etch imaging systems... more A physical-mathematical framework for the study of radiationconversion track-etch imaging systems is formulated. Several converter arrangements of general interest are considered and the conversion efficiency, as it relates to the optical density formation, is evaluated. Using typical numerical values for the radiation transport parameters, it is found that the backconverter system and the central-converter system are the more efficient conversion systems for track-etch imaging.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 1974
Abstract The relative effectiveness of two important neutron-induced reactions employed in track-... more Abstract The relative effectiveness of two important neutron-induced reactions employed in track-etch imaging are analyzed. The basis for the evaluation is the formulation of a physically plausible model of radiation conversion and nuclear track formation. It is found that distinct conversion efficiency extrema and asymptotes exist. Although both reactions are characterized by similar efficiency maxima, the 10 B reaction possesses the potential to permit extremely high spatial resolution radiography. Optimum converter thicknesses exist for both reactions for a central converter imaging system.
Zisin (Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan. 2nd ser.), 1999
Journal of Surgery: Open Access, 2017
Objectives: Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) with intermittent stimulation, can predict rec... more Objectives: Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) with intermittent stimulation, can predict recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after the damage has been already done; on the other hand, continuous IONM (CIONM) via stimulation of the vagus nerve (VN) by the automated periodic stimulation (APS) electrode, should permit more reliable monitoring of the nerve's functional integrity during surgery. Methods: The advantages CIONM offers over its intermittent counterpart are indeed related to its ability to provide accurate and real-time feedback to enable the surgeon to act before damage has been inflicted on the nerve. Furthermore, these characteristics do not compromise safety and effectiveness of the surgical procedure. Results: The indications for its use have been progressively expanding, despite the still living surrounding skepticism, and recurrent thyroid disease, thyroidectomy with neck dissection, pre-existing unilateral vocal cord paralysis, previous neck treatment and high risk for intraoperative hemorrhage, represent the main situations with strong indications for CIONM use. Conclusions: This article provides a detailed description of this effective, patient's safety tool. Here we enclose IONM with APS technical and practical steps, in order to give the idea of a clear awareness of its benefits and to encourage surgeons to widen their skills and knowledge about its potential use.
Compounds of formula (I) and salts thereof are provided: wherein n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; R1 is selecte... more Compounds of formula (I) and salts thereof are provided: wherein n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; R1 is selected from phenyl and pyridyl, each of which is optionally substituted by one or two groups independently selected from C1-4alkyl and halogen; and R2 is selected from H and CH3 when n is 1 and R2 is H when n is 2 or 3. Processes for preparation, pharmaceutical compositions, and uses thereof as a medicament, for example in the treatment of a disease or condition mediated by a reduction or imbalance in glutamate receptor function, such as schizophrenia or cognition impairment, are also disclosed
Earth, Planets and Space, 2015
The High Precision Magnetometer (HPM) is one of the main payloads onboard the China Seismo-Electr... more The High Precision Magnetometer (HPM) is one of the main payloads onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES). The HPM consists of two Fluxgate Magnetometers (FGM) and the Coupled Dark State Magnetometer (CDSM), and measures the magnetic field from DC to 15 Hz. The FGMs measure the vector components of the magnetic field; while the CDSM detects the magnitude of the magnetic field with higher accuracy, which can be used to calibrate the linear parameters of the FGM. In this paper, brief descriptions of measurement principles and performances of the HPM, ground, and in-orbit calibration results of the FGMs are presented, including the thermal drift and magnetic interferences from the satellite. The HPM in-orbit vector data calibration includes two steps: sensor non-linearity corrections based on on-ground calibration and fluxgate linear parameter calibration based on the CDSM measurements. The calibration results show a reasonably good stability of the linear parameters over time. The difference between the field magnitude calculated from the calibrated FGM components and the magnitude directly measured by the CDSM is just 0.5 nT (1σ) when the linear parameters are fitted separately for the day-and the night-side. Satellite disturbances have been analyzed including soft and hard remanence as well as magnetization of the magnetic torquer, radiation from the Tri-Band Beacon, and interferences from the rotation of the solar wing. A comparison shows consistency between the HPM and SWARM magnetic field data. Observation examples are introduced in the paper, which show that HPM data can be used to survey the global geomagnetic field and monitor the magnetic field disturbances in the ionosphere.
نشریه علم و مهندسی سرامیک, Feb 10, 2020