Paul Rood | Biola University (original) (raw)

Videos by Paul Rood

Lyman Stewart, William E. Blackstone, and forgotten Hebrew-Christian roots of the Bible Institute... more Lyman Stewart, William E. Blackstone, and forgotten Hebrew-Christian roots of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles.

25 views

Evangelical and Fundamentals History by Paul Rood

Research paper thumbnail of Historical Documents Reveal the Story of a Godly Life: Founding Trustee Samuel Ingham Merrill's Final Gift to Biola

Blackstone Center Series , 2023

A biographical essay based upon correspondence and other historical records recently donated to t... more A biographical essay based upon correspondence and other historical records recently donated to the Biola University archives. S.I. Merrill (1856-1932) was a pioneering California businessman, who helped found and support numerous religious and charitable institutions -- including YMCA, Union Rescue Mission, Baptist churches, Biola University, and numerous other relief and gospel welfare organizations.

Research paper thumbnail of Remembering Lyman Stewart Centennial Commemoration

Blackstone Center Series, 2023

Remembering the life and legacy of Lyman Stewart (1840-1923), on the centennial of his passing. ... more Remembering the life and legacy of Lyman Stewart (1840-1923), on the centennial of his passing. A chronological biographic summary of his life as a pioneering oilman, a dedicated Presbyterian churchman, a compassionate humanitarian and civic leader, and leader and financier of notable evangelical Christian institutions, foreign missions, and publishing projects.

Research paper thumbnail of UNION OIL'S LYMAN STEWART: WHEN FAITH MEETS AMBITION ON THE CALIFORNIA OILFIELDS

Oil Industry History, 2022

The intersecting themes of religious faith and the early history of the oil-industry have long be... more The intersecting themes of religious faith and the early history of the oil-industry have long been the subject of cultural interest. Over the past century, the religious, economic and social motivations of oil pioneers John D. Rockefeller, Sr., J. Howard Pew, and Lyman Stewart have been examined by academic historians. These published studies, mostly doctoral dissertations, have largely downplayed ideals and ideas as motivating forces. Instead, they focus on the means by which powerful men, pursuing their personal ambition and economic interests, used religion to maintain social control, preserve capital, and create powerful institutions. Popular culture represents the petroleum industry's founders as corrupt and rapacious exploiters of labor. This essay examines the historical evidence to explore the religious motivations of Lyman Stewart (1840-1923), co-founder and president of the Union Oil Company of California. While Stewart's sponsorship of Protestant institutions and foreign missionary work has received extensive treatment, this essay additionally focuses on the management practices and the business culture of Stewart's Union Oil Company. This research is based on an extensive review of private correspondence, journals and records in the Lyman Stewart papers housed in the archives of Biola University.

Research paper thumbnail of Pioneers of Jewish Ministry Training at Early Biola

Blackstone Center Series - LCJE, 2023

Two important but largely forgotten pioneers of Jewish ministry training -- a scholar, educator a... more Two important but largely forgotten pioneers of Jewish ministry training -- a scholar, educator and writer, David L. Cooper -- and a Jewish businessman, lay missionary and visionary benefactor of Messianic Jewish ministry, Daniel Rose ... whose lives intersected in complementary ways during the early decades of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles.

Research paper thumbnail of The Spirit of The Fundamentals Project:  1909 - 1915

Research paper thumbnail of The Early Foundations of Calvary Chapel & Feinberg Hall

Revised and Expanded. Remembering Charles Feinberg, Samuel Sutherland and other Jewish and Gentil... more Revised and Expanded. Remembering Charles Feinberg, Samuel Sutherland and other Jewish and Gentile friends of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles and Talbot School of Theology.

Research paper thumbnail of The Untold Story of The Fundamentals Project - Biola Magazine

P. Rood's summary article on The Fundamentals Project and The Fundamentals vs. fundamentalism pub... more P. Rood's summary article on The Fundamentals Project and The Fundamentals vs. fundamentalism published in Biola Magazine

Research paper thumbnail of The Early History of Biola's Teaching Position on Israel and the Millennial Kingdom

The origins and development of the doctrinal teaching position of the Bible Institute of Los Ange... more The origins and development of the doctrinal teaching position of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles with respect to the Jewish people and the future of national Israel.

Research paper thumbnail of Thanksgiving is Real History

Original full-length response to the Biola Chimes editorial which claimed that Thanksgiving Day o... more Original full-length response to the Biola Chimes editorial which claimed that Thanksgiving Day originated as a celebration of Puritan genocide of Native Americans

Research paper thumbnail of Protestant Fundamentalism Historical Sketch035.pdf

A brief historical overview of the rise of Protestant Fundamentalism in the United States. Publi... more A brief historical overview of the rise of Protestant Fundamentalism in the United States. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Christian Zionism Historical Sketch034

Brief historical overview of Christian Zionism published in the Encyclopedia of Christianity in t... more Brief historical overview of Christian Zionism published in the Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Far East Broadcasting Company

Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, 2017

Brief overview of the history of the Far East Broadcasting Company. From the Encyclopedia of Chr... more Brief overview of the history of the Far East Broadcasting Company. From the Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, Rowman & Littlefield, 2017. Kurian, George Thomas and Lamport, Mark A.

William E. Blackstone and Friends by Paul Rood

Research paper thumbnail of Rev. Louis Meyer: A Jewish Missionary to the Church

LCJE International Conference Paper , 2011

A century ago, Louis Meyer was a highly prominent thought leader and one of the most effective or... more A century ago, Louis Meyer was a highly prominent thought leader and one of the most effective organizers and ambassadors of the modern Messianic Movement. The son of Reformed Jews, with science and medical degrees from the best German universities, he emigrated to America where he received the gospel through the Presbyterian Jewish mission house in Cincinnati. Following his conversion and baptism in 1892, Meyer graduated from the Reformed Presbyterian Seminary in Pittsburgh, in 1897. Although his service as a minister/missionary statesman/scholar lasted only fifteen more years (he died of TB in 1913), Meyer accomplished much for the young international Messianic movement, conservative evangelical theology, and a corrective revision of the Church's theology of Isreal.

Research paper thumbnail of Event remembers often-overlooked early Christian Zionist by Eitan Arom

Jewish Journal (Los Angeles), 2016

Sam Grundwerg, Israel's consul general in Los Angeles, presents a wreath to Margaret Blackstone H... more Sam Grundwerg, Israel's consul general in Los Angeles, presents a wreath to Margaret Blackstone Harrell before laying it on the grave of her great-grandfather, William Blackstone, at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale on Sept. 28. "Standing up and taking action in the face of injustice or a wrong in the world-that's what Shimon Peres and William Blackstone were all about," said Sam Grundwerg, Israel's consul general in Los Angeles, speaking between American and Israeli flags set at the top of the park, with the San Fernando Valley unfurling behind him.

Research paper thumbnail of W E Blackstone Multi-Faith Commemoration Ceremony

Blackstone Center Publication, 2016

Program and tributes given at a Multi-Faith Commemoration Ceremony at the grave site of William E... more Program and tributes given at a Multi-Faith Commemoration Ceremony at the grave site of William E. Blackstone (1841-1935). Representatives from the State of Israel, Jewish and Christian clergy, historians and civic leaders. Remembering the life and legacy of a founder of Zionism, humanitarian, and man of faith.

Research paper thumbnail of BLACKSTONE AND THE RABBIS

Blackstone Center series, 2020

The story of dialogue and cooperation between the Christian William E. Blackstone and two eminent... more The story of dialogue and cooperation between the Christian William E. Blackstone and two eminent American rabbis concerning the future of Israel -- including a detailed summary of Rabbi Abraham Lesser's B'akharith Hayamim, an orthodox rabbinic treatise concerning "The Last Days."

Research paper thumbnail of William E. Blackstone "Zionism's Greatest Ally Outside of Its Own Ranks"

Remembering Blackstone's humanitarianism, realism and authentic Biblical faith underlying his sup... more Remembering Blackstone's humanitarianism, realism and authentic Biblical faith underlying his support for Zionism and historic diplomatic petitions in 1891 and 1916. Citation: Paul W. Rood, "William E. Blackstone: 'Zionism's Greatest Ally Outside of its Own Ranks,'" in Western States Jewish History, 48/2 (Winter 2015/5776): 49-69.

Research paper thumbnail of Blackstone, William E.:  First Biolan in Israel

Research paper thumbnail of Blackstone, William E.:  Forgotten Founder

Lyman Stewart, William E. Blackstone, and forgotten Hebrew-Christian roots of the Bible Institute... more Lyman Stewart, William E. Blackstone, and forgotten Hebrew-Christian roots of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles.

25 views

Research paper thumbnail of Historical Documents Reveal the Story of a Godly Life: Founding Trustee Samuel Ingham Merrill's Final Gift to Biola

Blackstone Center Series , 2023

A biographical essay based upon correspondence and other historical records recently donated to t... more A biographical essay based upon correspondence and other historical records recently donated to the Biola University archives. S.I. Merrill (1856-1932) was a pioneering California businessman, who helped found and support numerous religious and charitable institutions -- including YMCA, Union Rescue Mission, Baptist churches, Biola University, and numerous other relief and gospel welfare organizations.

Research paper thumbnail of Remembering Lyman Stewart Centennial Commemoration

Blackstone Center Series, 2023

Remembering the life and legacy of Lyman Stewart (1840-1923), on the centennial of his passing. ... more Remembering the life and legacy of Lyman Stewart (1840-1923), on the centennial of his passing. A chronological biographic summary of his life as a pioneering oilman, a dedicated Presbyterian churchman, a compassionate humanitarian and civic leader, and leader and financier of notable evangelical Christian institutions, foreign missions, and publishing projects.

Research paper thumbnail of UNION OIL'S LYMAN STEWART: WHEN FAITH MEETS AMBITION ON THE CALIFORNIA OILFIELDS

Oil Industry History, 2022

The intersecting themes of religious faith and the early history of the oil-industry have long be... more The intersecting themes of religious faith and the early history of the oil-industry have long been the subject of cultural interest. Over the past century, the religious, economic and social motivations of oil pioneers John D. Rockefeller, Sr., J. Howard Pew, and Lyman Stewart have been examined by academic historians. These published studies, mostly doctoral dissertations, have largely downplayed ideals and ideas as motivating forces. Instead, they focus on the means by which powerful men, pursuing their personal ambition and economic interests, used religion to maintain social control, preserve capital, and create powerful institutions. Popular culture represents the petroleum industry's founders as corrupt and rapacious exploiters of labor. This essay examines the historical evidence to explore the religious motivations of Lyman Stewart (1840-1923), co-founder and president of the Union Oil Company of California. While Stewart's sponsorship of Protestant institutions and foreign missionary work has received extensive treatment, this essay additionally focuses on the management practices and the business culture of Stewart's Union Oil Company. This research is based on an extensive review of private correspondence, journals and records in the Lyman Stewart papers housed in the archives of Biola University.

Research paper thumbnail of Pioneers of Jewish Ministry Training at Early Biola

Blackstone Center Series - LCJE, 2023

Two important but largely forgotten pioneers of Jewish ministry training -- a scholar, educator a... more Two important but largely forgotten pioneers of Jewish ministry training -- a scholar, educator and writer, David L. Cooper -- and a Jewish businessman, lay missionary and visionary benefactor of Messianic Jewish ministry, Daniel Rose ... whose lives intersected in complementary ways during the early decades of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles.

Research paper thumbnail of The Spirit of The Fundamentals Project:  1909 - 1915

Research paper thumbnail of The Early Foundations of Calvary Chapel & Feinberg Hall

Revised and Expanded. Remembering Charles Feinberg, Samuel Sutherland and other Jewish and Gentil... more Revised and Expanded. Remembering Charles Feinberg, Samuel Sutherland and other Jewish and Gentile friends of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles and Talbot School of Theology.

Research paper thumbnail of The Untold Story of The Fundamentals Project - Biola Magazine

P. Rood's summary article on The Fundamentals Project and The Fundamentals vs. fundamentalism pub... more P. Rood's summary article on The Fundamentals Project and The Fundamentals vs. fundamentalism published in Biola Magazine

Research paper thumbnail of The Early History of Biola's Teaching Position on Israel and the Millennial Kingdom

The origins and development of the doctrinal teaching position of the Bible Institute of Los Ange... more The origins and development of the doctrinal teaching position of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles with respect to the Jewish people and the future of national Israel.

Research paper thumbnail of Thanksgiving is Real History

Original full-length response to the Biola Chimes editorial which claimed that Thanksgiving Day o... more Original full-length response to the Biola Chimes editorial which claimed that Thanksgiving Day originated as a celebration of Puritan genocide of Native Americans

Research paper thumbnail of Protestant Fundamentalism Historical Sketch035.pdf

A brief historical overview of the rise of Protestant Fundamentalism in the United States. Publi... more A brief historical overview of the rise of Protestant Fundamentalism in the United States. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Christian Zionism Historical Sketch034

Brief historical overview of Christian Zionism published in the Encyclopedia of Christianity in t... more Brief historical overview of Christian Zionism published in the Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Far East Broadcasting Company

Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, 2017

Brief overview of the history of the Far East Broadcasting Company. From the Encyclopedia of Chr... more Brief overview of the history of the Far East Broadcasting Company. From the Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, Rowman & Littlefield, 2017. Kurian, George Thomas and Lamport, Mark A.

Research paper thumbnail of Rev. Louis Meyer: A Jewish Missionary to the Church

LCJE International Conference Paper , 2011

A century ago, Louis Meyer was a highly prominent thought leader and one of the most effective or... more A century ago, Louis Meyer was a highly prominent thought leader and one of the most effective organizers and ambassadors of the modern Messianic Movement. The son of Reformed Jews, with science and medical degrees from the best German universities, he emigrated to America where he received the gospel through the Presbyterian Jewish mission house in Cincinnati. Following his conversion and baptism in 1892, Meyer graduated from the Reformed Presbyterian Seminary in Pittsburgh, in 1897. Although his service as a minister/missionary statesman/scholar lasted only fifteen more years (he died of TB in 1913), Meyer accomplished much for the young international Messianic movement, conservative evangelical theology, and a corrective revision of the Church's theology of Isreal.

Research paper thumbnail of Event remembers often-overlooked early Christian Zionist by Eitan Arom

Jewish Journal (Los Angeles), 2016

Sam Grundwerg, Israel's consul general in Los Angeles, presents a wreath to Margaret Blackstone H... more Sam Grundwerg, Israel's consul general in Los Angeles, presents a wreath to Margaret Blackstone Harrell before laying it on the grave of her great-grandfather, William Blackstone, at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale on Sept. 28. "Standing up and taking action in the face of injustice or a wrong in the world-that's what Shimon Peres and William Blackstone were all about," said Sam Grundwerg, Israel's consul general in Los Angeles, speaking between American and Israeli flags set at the top of the park, with the San Fernando Valley unfurling behind him.

Research paper thumbnail of W E Blackstone Multi-Faith Commemoration Ceremony

Blackstone Center Publication, 2016

Program and tributes given at a Multi-Faith Commemoration Ceremony at the grave site of William E... more Program and tributes given at a Multi-Faith Commemoration Ceremony at the grave site of William E. Blackstone (1841-1935). Representatives from the State of Israel, Jewish and Christian clergy, historians and civic leaders. Remembering the life and legacy of a founder of Zionism, humanitarian, and man of faith.

Research paper thumbnail of BLACKSTONE AND THE RABBIS

Blackstone Center series, 2020

The story of dialogue and cooperation between the Christian William E. Blackstone and two eminent... more The story of dialogue and cooperation between the Christian William E. Blackstone and two eminent American rabbis concerning the future of Israel -- including a detailed summary of Rabbi Abraham Lesser's B'akharith Hayamim, an orthodox rabbinic treatise concerning "The Last Days."

Research paper thumbnail of William E. Blackstone "Zionism's Greatest Ally Outside of Its Own Ranks"

Remembering Blackstone's humanitarianism, realism and authentic Biblical faith underlying his sup... more Remembering Blackstone's humanitarianism, realism and authentic Biblical faith underlying his support for Zionism and historic diplomatic petitions in 1891 and 1916. Citation: Paul W. Rood, "William E. Blackstone: 'Zionism's Greatest Ally Outside of its Own Ranks,'" in Western States Jewish History, 48/2 (Winter 2015/5776): 49-69.

Research paper thumbnail of Blackstone, William E.:  First Biolan in Israel

Research paper thumbnail of Blackstone, William E.:  Forgotten Founder

Research paper thumbnail of Meyer, Louis :  A Centennial Observance

It is fitting that on the centenary of Meyer's death, Jewish and Gentile believers came together ... more It is fitting that on the centenary of Meyer's death, Jewish and Gentile believers came together at Biola University to form a Chevra Kavod Hamet ("society to honor the departed") and observe a ceremonial yahrzeit service, giving glory and honor to God, the giver and taker of this precious life of testimony for the Messiah.

Research paper thumbnail of Lyman and Milton Stewart Bio Sketch029.pdf

A brief biographical sketch of Lyman and Milton Stewart, pioneer oilmen and financial backers of ... more A brief biographical sketch of Lyman and Milton Stewart, pioneer oilmen and financial backers of conservative Protestant schools and foreign missions. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Amzi C Dixon Bio Sketch026.pdf

Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Amzi Dixon, Baptist minister and pastor of Moody Church, Metrop... more Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Amzi Dixon, Baptist minister and pastor of Moody Church, Metropolitan Tabernacle (London). First editor of The Fundamentals. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Thomas C Horton Bio Sketch032.pdf

Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Thomas C. Horton, conservative Presbyterian minister, Bible Ins... more Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Thomas C. Horton, conservative Presbyterian minister, Bible Institute administrator, and YMCA pioneer. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Henry Clay Mabie Bio Sketch027

Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Henry C. Mabie, conservative Baptist pastor and denominational ... more Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Henry C. Mabie, conservative Baptist pastor and denominational leader. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Jasper C Massee Bio Sketch028.pdf

Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Jasper C. Massee, conservative Baptist pastor and denominationa... more Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Jasper C. Massee, conservative Baptist pastor and denominational leader. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Melvin Grove Kyle Bio Sketch030.pdf

Brief biography of Dr. Melvin Grove Kyle, Presbyterian pastor, scholar, archeologist. Published ... more Brief biography of Dr. Melvin Grove Kyle, Presbyterian pastor, scholar, archeologist. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of William G Moorehead Bio Sketch033.pdf

Brief biographical sketch of Dr. William G. Moorehead, conservative Presbyterian theologian and p... more Brief biographical sketch of Dr. William G. Moorehead, conservative Presbyterian theologian and president of Xenia Seminary. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Charles R and William J Erdman Bio Sketch025.pdf

Brief biographical sketches of Rev. William J. Erdman and his son Dr. Charles R. Erdman, conserva... more Brief biographical sketches of Rev. William J. Erdman and his son Dr. Charles R. Erdman, conservative Presbyterian pastors, theologians and Bible teachers. Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of George F Wright Bio Sketch037.pdf

Brief biographical sketch of Dr. George F. Wright, conservative evangelical theologian, geologist... more Brief biographical sketch of Dr. George F. Wright, conservative evangelical theologian, geologist, scholar. Professor of the Harmony of Religion and Science at Oberlin Seminary and prominent opponent of Darwinism. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ;Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Henry P Crowell Bio Sketch036.pdf

Brief biographical sketch of Henry P. Crowell, conservative Presbyterian laymen, chairman of the ... more Brief biographical sketch of Henry P. Crowell, conservative Presbyterian laymen, chairman of the Quaker Oats Company and Moody Bible Institute. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of Robert Speer Bio Sketch031

Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Robert Speer, conservative Presbyterian minister, denominationa... more Brief biographical sketch of Rev. Robert Speer, conservative Presbyterian minister, denominational leader, and global missionary statesman. Published in Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States / edited by George Thomas Kurian and Mark A. Lamport ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, [2016]

Research paper thumbnail of The “Nasara” in the Quran: A Jewish-Christian Window into the Middle Eastern Jesus-followers in the 7th and 21st Centuries

Mishkan 82, 2020

This is our most widely read article, which has also circulated in Arabic since we first presente... more This is our most widely read article, which has also circulated in Arabic since we first presented our research in 2015 at the Association for Middle East and African Studies. We greatly appreciate the comments that its many readers have shared with us. We welcome your comments on it.

Research paper thumbnail of Is Christian Zionism Bad Theology?

Research paper thumbnail of Testimony of the Nazarenes (Christians of the Middle East)

Research paper thumbnail of Nuclear Theatre of the Absurd

This is my first published article. Written in 1982 in the midst of the nuclear pacifist movemen... more This is my first published article. Written in 1982 in the midst of the nuclear pacifist movement, the Catholic pastoral letter, and other discussions opposing the aggressive assertion of realism and nuclear deterrence of the Reagan strategic doctrine.

Research paper thumbnail of CFIA: Why I did not sign the "White House Letter on Middle East Peace"

Research paper thumbnail of IS CHRISTIAN ZIONISM BASED ON BAD THEOLOGY

Cultural Encounters, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Is Christian Zionism based on bad theology

The current criticism of Christian Zionism comes from many quarters: secularists (both Jews and G... more The current criticism of Christian Zionism comes from many quarters: secularists (both Jews and Gentiles), many religious Jews, Christian Arabists, and Islamists (Hamas cleric Ahmed al-Tamimi identified Christian Zionism as “the greatest danger to world truth, justice, and peace”). Ironically, Christians are among the most vociferous critics of Christian Zionism. An evangelical critic of Zionism, Hank Hanegraaff, writes: “Much of American Middle East policy is influenced by a huge voting bloc of evangelicals who are taught not to question Israel’s divine right to the land... fueled in part by bad theology.” Anglican theologian Stephen Sizer maintains that a distinctive theology embraced by many evangelical Christians, known as dispensational premillennialism, is foundational to Christian Zionism and a root cause of the deadlocked Israel-Palestinian Arab conflict. He writes, “Bad theology is probably the reason why many Christians don’t seem to care.... They hope to be raptured to he...

Research paper thumbnail of Why I Would Not Have Signed the Open Letter

The Review of Faith & International Affairs, 2007

It is important to understand opposing positions to the Open Letter sent from Evangelical leaders... more It is important to understand opposing positions to the Open Letter sent from Evangelical leaders to President Bush. One critical view comes from political theologians whose beliefs emphasize a balance of social justice, political realism, and biblical prophecy. This perspective was not addressed in the Open Letter, which weakens the theological argument presented by the signatories. Although the authors focused on select issues of importance, other Evangelicals would have liked to have seen specifically theological concerns addressed. Evangelical leaders should also pursue and support more interfaith solutions between religious groups in Israel and Palestine.