mohammad Esmaeil Afzalpour | The University of Birjand (original) (raw)

Papers by mohammad Esmaeil Afzalpour

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on indices of liver and muscle tissue in high-fat diet-induced male rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Egyptian Liver Journal, Nov 16, 2022

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver d... more Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. It is shown that moderate to high physical activities can play a crucial role in improving this disease. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderateintensity continuous training (MICT) on the levels of the myonectin in serum and tissue levels and fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) in male rats with NAFLD. Materials and methods Thirty-three male rats were randomly divided into five groups: high-fat diet to confirm NAFLD induction (n = 5), normal diet sedentary (n = 7), high-fat diet sedentary (n = 7), high-fat diet with HIIT (n = 7), and high-fat diet with MCIT (n = 7). Induction of NAFLD was performed by feeding rats for 12 weeks with a high-fat diet containing 60% fat. The training protocols were performed in five sessions per week for 8 weeks. The HIIT group has performed 4 × 4 min interval running on a treadmill up to 80-95% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and then recovered at 50-60% VO2max. The MICT protocol has performed up to 50-60% VO2max for 50 min. myonectin and FATP4 were also measured by the animal Elisa kit (Zellbio, Germany) with a sensitivity of 0.02 ng/L. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the insulin resistance homeostasis assessment index using the following formula (HOMA-IR): "fasting glucose (mg/dl) × fasting in insulin (mg/L) ÷ 405". One-way ANOVA analysis of variance was utilized for statistical analyses and Tukey's post hoc test at a significant level of p < 0.05. Results The 8-week intervention showed that both HIIT and MICT positively influenced the serum myonectin and FATP4 levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference between the trained groups in tissue levels of the myonectin and serum levels of FATP4 (p < 0.05). Conclusions Altogether, both HIIT and MICT can lead to valuable adaptations and recovery of NAFLD in male rats.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes to rest interval between sets and set-repetition configuration during bouts of eccentric exercise

Interventional Medicine and Applied Science, Jun 1, 2018

Background and aims: Various studies have demonstrated that different rest intervals and set-repe... more Background and aims: Various studies have demonstrated that different rest intervals and set-repetition have a significant effect on hormonal and metabolic responses. These factors can lead to different muscle damage responses. Methods: Forty untrained subjects (25.4 ± 0.068 years, height: 1.74 ± 0.97 cm, and weight: 30.8 ± 8.48 kg) in three sessions of eccentric resistance exercise with 24-h rest between each session participated in this study. Subjects were divided into four groups of 10 subjects who performed 50 eccentric contractions with different number of 5 and 10 sets, 5 and 10 repetitions, and the interset rest interval 1 and 3 min with 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM). Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were measured immediately before each session, immediately after each session, and 24 h after the last training session. Variance analysis with repeated measurement and Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical analysis of data. Results: There is no significant difference in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase between four groups at different time points (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The repetition of eccentric exercise for three consecutive days causes muscle damage that is independent of manipulating the interset rest intervals and the number of set-repetition.

Research paper thumbnail of Correction: Comparison of the effects of high‑intensity interval training and moderate‑intensity continuous training on indices of liver and muscle tissue in high‑fat diet‑induced male rats with non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease

Egyptian Liver Journal, May 19, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of acute interval cycling and blood flow restriction on hematologic factors of beginner cyclists

DergiPark (Istanbul University), Apr 30, 2017

Blood compositions change as a result of physical activity and an exercise associated with Blood ... more Blood compositions change as a result of physical activity and an exercise associated with Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) is a new exercise method. This study aims to compare the acute effect of an interval exercise with blood flow restriction on beginner cyclists' hematologic factors. Twenty students of Shiraz Education Cycling Team with an age average of 16.43 ± 1.36 years, weight of 60.07 ± 11.74 kg and height of 175.46 ± 6.14 cm participated voluntarily in this experimental study. The participants were divided randomly into two equal groups of interval cycling with BFR (n=10) and interval cycling without BFR (n=10). Interval exercise consisted of 10 repetitions for one minute and one minute rest between repetitions. BFR was applied by cuff with a width of 15 cm and pressure of 160 mmHg. Before and immediately after the exercise, 5 ml blood sample was taken from a brachial vein. The results were extracted using dependent and independent T-test statistical methods at the significance level of P <0.05 by SPSS 23. The results showed the increasing effect of acute interval cycling with BFR on White Blood Cells (WBC), Red Blood Cells (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (Hct) and Platelets (PLT) as well as the increasing effect of acute interval cycling without BFR on WBC and PLT. No significant difference was observed between the effects of the two exercise methods on hematologic factors (P<0.05). Acute interval cycling with BFR increased five hematologic indexes; however, acute interval cycling without BFR increased two hematologic indexes. It seems that interval exercise with BFR makes wide hematologic changes among beginner cyclists.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of High Intensity Interval Training and Ginger Supplement on Some Antioxidant Markers, Cardio–Respiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index in Overweight Women

Physical activity is known as an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of Type 2 Diabet... more Physical activity is known as an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. The aim of this work was to compare the effects of a traditional Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) with a High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in diabetic mice. Diabetic db/db male mice (N = 25) aged 6 weeks were subdivided into MICT, HIIT or control (CON) group. Animals in the training groups ran on a treadmill 5 days/week during 10 weeks. MICT group ran for 80 min (0° slope) at 50-60% of maximal speed (Vmax) reached during an incremental test. HIIT group ran thirteen times 4 minutes (20° slope) at 85-90% of Vmax separated by 2-minrest periods. HIIT lowered fasting glycaemia and HbA1c compared with CON group (p < 0.05). In all mitochondrial function markers assessed, no differences were noted between the three groups except for total amount of electron transport chain proteins, slightly increased in the HIIT group vs CON. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase of muscle Glut4 content (about 2 fold) and higher insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation ratios in HIIT group. HIIT seems to improve glucose metabolism more efficiently than MICT in diabetic mice by mechanisms independent of mitochondrial adaptations.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the Bone Condition and Muscular Strength Between Elite Males Kata & Kumite Practitioners in Southern Khorasan

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Vigorous and Moderate Aerobic Exercise on the Serum Arylesterase Activity and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Non-Active Healthy Men

Purpose: The aims of this study was to examine the effects of moderate and vigorous (60-65% and 8... more Purpose: The aims of this study was to examine the effects of moderate and vigorous (60-65% and 80-85% of maximal reserve heart rate respectively) aerobic exercises on the arylesterase activity (ARE) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Method: 44 non-active ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of 2-weeks Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Malondialdehyde and Catalase Serum Levels Following Moderate and Severe Acute Resistance Training in Inactive Female Students

Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences

Aims Physical activity is usually accompanied by free radicals’ production and oxidative stress. ... more Aims Physical activity is usually accompanied by free radicals’ production and oxidative stress. Moreover, to prevent adverse effects, coaches and athletes have to use proper supplementation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term coenzyme Q10 supplementation on malondialdehyde and serum catalase enzyme activity following moderate and severe acute resistance training in inactive female students. Methods & Materials In total, 27 female students were randomly divided into three groups; the groups were homogeneous and equal (two groups of resistance training and one control group). The experimental groups were subjected to moderate-intensity acute (70% 1RM) acute and severe acute activity (85% 1RM) and supplemented with coenzyme Q10 (30 mg /d). CAT and MDA were measured in ELISA using a human kit. Findings Moderate and severe acute resistance activities did not alter MDA and catalytic activity (P>0.05); however, after 2 weeks of coenzyme Q10 suppl...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Foreign Coaches Roles in Thesuccess of Iran Soccer National and Club Teams

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Intense Exercise Training on Hydrogen Peroxide, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and the Selected Neurotrophins in Rat’s Brain

Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences, 2015

The effect of exercise and oxidant-antioxidant intervention on the levels of neurotrophins and fr... more The effect of exercise and oxidant-antioxidant intervention on the levels of neurotrophins and free radicals in spinal cord of ... [3] Neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of exercise in a chronic mouse model of Parkinson's disease with moderate ... [4] Exercise primes a molecular memory for brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein induction in ... [5] The effects of training and detraining on memory, neurotrophins and oxidative stress markers in rat ... [6] Lifelong spontaneous exercise does not prolong lifespan but improves health span in ... [7] Impact of treadmill running and sex on hippocampal neurogenesis in the mouse model of ... [8] Up-regulation of BDNF in astrocytes by TNF-α: A case for the neuroprotective role of ... [9] Tumor necrosis factor-alpha increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in trigeminal ganglion neurons in an ... [10] Exercisemediated improvements in painful neuropathy associated with ... [11] Transcriptional upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rostral ventrolateral medulla by angiotensin II significance in superoxide homeostasis and neural regulation of ... [12] The role of TNF-alpha and its receptors in the ... [13] Oxidative stress in response to aerobic and anaerobic power testing: influence of exercise training and carnitine ... [14] Effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid on resting and exercise-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers: a randomized ... [15] Modification by vitamin E and exercise of oxidative stress in regions of aging rat brain: Studies on superoxide dismutase isoenzymes and ... [16] Preischemic induction of TNF-alpha by physical exercise reduces blood-brain barrier dysfunction in ... [17] Exercise by lifelong voluntary wheel running ... [18] Hypothalamic inflammation is reversed by endurance training in ... [19] Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in ... [20] Increased astrocyte proliferation in rats after ... [21] Exercise increases hippocampal neurogenesis to high levels but ... [22] Exercise and time-dependent benefits to ... [23] Mild forced treadmill exercise enhances spatial learning in ... [24] Are the neuroprotective effects of ... [25] The effects of moderate-, strenuous-and ... [26] Differential effects of exercise intensities ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of intensive endurance training on rat brain and hepatic 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensive endurance training on 8-oxog... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensive endurance training on 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in liver and brain of rats. 16 adult and male albino wistar rats were randomly divided into sedentary control and endurance exercise training groups. Animals ran on treadmill for 6 weeks, 6 days a week, at a speed of 10 m/min (85 percent of maximal oxygen consumption). The content of OGG1 and 8-OHdG were measured using sandwich ELISA assay. Data analyzed using Student's T-test at P≤0.05 level. Our results showed that intensive endurance training has no significant effect on 8-OHdG contents in liver (t14=1.09, p=0.29) and brain (t14=0.93, p=0.36) of rats. However, contents of OGG1 in liver (t14=5.84, p=0.001) and brain (t14=4.09, p=0.001) of rats significant increases following intensive endurance training. Finally, there were no significantly differences between changes in contents of 8-OHdG (t14=0.44, p=0.66) and OGG1 (t14=1.72, p=0.10) in liver and brain of rats following endurance training. Intensive endurance training maintains 8-OHdG genomic damage in baseline level in liver and brain of rats by increasing contents of OGG1.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in blood insulin resistance, GLUT4 and AMPK after continuous and interval aerobic training in normal and diabetic rats

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is now seen as a worldwide epidemic disease with prevalent and inci... more Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is now seen as a worldwide epidemic disease with prevalent and incidence data. Exercise training is known to promote beneficial changes in diabetic patient. Materials & Methods: A number of 60 male rats weighing 180 to 310 grams, 13 weeks old were divided into six groups. The exercise protocol was aerobic training for six weeks. In this study, factors like Insulin resistance, glucose transporter type 4 and AMP-activated protein kinase were measured. The data were analyzed using oneway analysis of variance test in P< 0.05 level. Results: The results showed a significant difference in insulin resistance (P=0.001, F5, 37= 10.80), Glucose transporter type 4 (P=0.001, F5, 37= 20.14) and AMP-activated protein kinase (F5, 37 = 16.2, P= 0.001) levels among different groups. There was no significant difference between the impact of continuous and interval training on these indices (P=1.00). Conclusions: The continuous and interval training by increasing the Glucose transporter type4 protein content and AMP-activated protein kinase lead to reduced blood glucose levels and improved insulin resistance. Furthermore, we could use conducting interval training as a therapeutic approach to manage diabetes for the participants who were not able to perform the continuous training due to fatigue.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of some prognostic markers of cardiovascular diseases. to morning and evening Bruce treadmill test in women

Background and Aim: Some physiological and psychological variables have a circadian rhythm or cyc... more Background and Aim: Some physiological and psychological variables have a circadian rhythm or cyclical changes and many physiological responses to exercise, e.g. cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are somehow affected by their time of the day .Thus, .the present study aimed at finding out the effect of the time of the day on plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile after one session of exhaustive exercise in apparently healthy young women in Birjand in 2011. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental pre/post one. Forty-four active women (mean. age 21.59±1.24 yrs.; mean BMI 21.11±2.74kg/m 2) were divided into 2 experimental and 2 control groups. The experimental groups performed the Bruce treadmill maximal protocol after 12 hours fasting at 8 a.m. and at 6 p.m. Then, blood samples of all participants were derived from the antecubital vein of each before and immediately after the test. Finally, the obtained data was analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test. Results: A significant decrease in CRP levels was observed in the evening post-exercise period compared with the pre-test (p=0.008), while CRP levels after the morning exercise had no significant change compared with the pre-test. Plasma triglyceride (TG) level significantly increased after both of morning and evening exercises (p=0.002). But, no significant changes in TG, HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were found after morning and evening exercises. Conclusion: Taking CRP response into account, it seems that high intensity exercise in the evening is better and safer than the same exercise in the morning.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of high intensity interval training on 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine contents in the brain and liver of rats

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016

Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) yields serious damage oxidation of proteins, lipids a... more Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) yields serious damage oxidation of proteins, lipids and genomic structures. Studies have shown that production of ROS increases during intensive exercise training. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training on 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the brain and liver of rats. 16 adult Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into sedentary control and high intensity interval training groups. Animals ran on treadmill for 6 weeks, 6 days per week, at 95 to 100 percent of maximal oxygen consumption. Using commercial kits, the content of OGG1 and 8-OHdG were measured using sandwich ELISA assay. Data analyzed using Student's Ttest at P≤0.05 level. High intensity interval training resulted in significant increases in contents of OGG1 in brain (t14=7.22, P=0.001) and liver (t14=2.55, P=0.02) of rats. However, high intensity interval training had no significant influence on 8-OHdG levels in brain (t14=1.60, P=0.13) and liver (t14=1.28, P=0.22) of rats. Also, there were no significant differences between changes in the brain and liver contents of OGG1 (t14=0.97, P=0.34) and 8-OHdG (t14=0.42, P=0.68) of rats following high intensity interval training. Taken together, separation of the training sessions to various bouts of exercise with maximum effort, through increase in OGG1 contents, will lead to modify of 8-OHdG levels in brain and liver.

Research paper thumbnail of The Assessment of Physical Abilities and Providing Physical Fitness Norms of Birjand University Students

Research paper thumbnail of Necessity for Utilization of Foreign Soccer Coaches from Experts' Views

Research paper thumbnail of Short-Term Dynamic of Aggregate Fractions and their Organic Carbon Contents in a Calcareous Soil Treated with Plant Residues

International Journal of Research, 2015

The interrelation of aggregation and aggregate organic carbon (AOC) dynamics was studied in a cal... more The interrelation of aggregation and aggregate organic carbon (AOC) dynamics was studied in a calcareous soil. The soil treated with mild alfalfa, wheat and wood chips residues (>2mm), at a rate of 20 g kg1 and incubated for 120days under field capacity. The mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates, aggregation and AOC dynamic were strongly interrelated. The correlation coefficient between the percentage of macroaggregates in >2 mm fraction and the percentage of aggregates in <1 mm fraction was negative and significant. During soil incubation the organic carbon (OC) content of aggregates in >2 mm fraction was higher in the soil treated with wood chips, but the OC content of aggregates in <1mm fraction were higher in the soil treated with alfalfa. Organic carbon content of macroaggregates decreased during soil incubation in all the soil treated with 20 g kg-1. The aggregate MWD and the percentage of stable aggregates in >2 mm fraction were 0.8mm and 6.3 % respective...

Research paper thumbnail of The Comparison of Influence of Pilates and Aerobic Exercises on Respiratory Parameters in Overweight Girl Students

Research paper thumbnail of Serious Sport Injury, Motivation and Burnout: Can Self-Determined Motivation Predict Burnout in Elite Handball Players?

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship between Sitting Posture and Musculoskeletal Pain in Boy Elementary School Students

Journal of Ergonomics, 2017

Background: Undesirable sit-up and deviation from desirable status is one of the factors affectin... more Background: Undesirable sit-up and deviation from desirable status is one of the factors affecting the health of students in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between posture and musculoskeletal pain in boys 9 to 13 years old. Methods: In this correlation study, the population consisted of all boy students in the primary city of Birjand. 60 students were selected as a sample group based on random-cluster method. Two video cameras were recorded 30 minutes of sitting position for every student. The anthropometric characteristics of subjects including height, weight, etc., were measured with a standard tool. The back and neck pain were collected using a modified Nordic questionnaire. Moreover, the kinovea software was used to analyze the flexion and rotation angle during sitting. The statistical calculations were applied by Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. The ETA correlation coefficient also was used to identify the relationship between variables. All statistical calculations performed using SPSS version 21. Results: The result indicated significant relationship between bending and rotation angles with both neck and back pain (P≤0.05). Therefore it would be noticed that improper sitting can be accounted as a cause of muscle-skeletal pain in boy students based on bad postures during sitting. Conclusion: According to the results, the posture of students while sitting in class is inadequate and harmful. Thus performing some intervention and education for students is recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on indices of liver and muscle tissue in high-fat diet-induced male rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Egyptian Liver Journal, Nov 16, 2022

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver d... more Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. It is shown that moderate to high physical activities can play a crucial role in improving this disease. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderateintensity continuous training (MICT) on the levels of the myonectin in serum and tissue levels and fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) in male rats with NAFLD. Materials and methods Thirty-three male rats were randomly divided into five groups: high-fat diet to confirm NAFLD induction (n = 5), normal diet sedentary (n = 7), high-fat diet sedentary (n = 7), high-fat diet with HIIT (n = 7), and high-fat diet with MCIT (n = 7). Induction of NAFLD was performed by feeding rats for 12 weeks with a high-fat diet containing 60% fat. The training protocols were performed in five sessions per week for 8 weeks. The HIIT group has performed 4 × 4 min interval running on a treadmill up to 80-95% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and then recovered at 50-60% VO2max. The MICT protocol has performed up to 50-60% VO2max for 50 min. myonectin and FATP4 were also measured by the animal Elisa kit (Zellbio, Germany) with a sensitivity of 0.02 ng/L. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the insulin resistance homeostasis assessment index using the following formula (HOMA-IR): "fasting glucose (mg/dl) × fasting in insulin (mg/L) ÷ 405". One-way ANOVA analysis of variance was utilized for statistical analyses and Tukey's post hoc test at a significant level of p < 0.05. Results The 8-week intervention showed that both HIIT and MICT positively influenced the serum myonectin and FATP4 levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference between the trained groups in tissue levels of the myonectin and serum levels of FATP4 (p < 0.05). Conclusions Altogether, both HIIT and MICT can lead to valuable adaptations and recovery of NAFLD in male rats.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes to rest interval between sets and set-repetition configuration during bouts of eccentric exercise

Interventional Medicine and Applied Science, Jun 1, 2018

Background and aims: Various studies have demonstrated that different rest intervals and set-repe... more Background and aims: Various studies have demonstrated that different rest intervals and set-repetition have a significant effect on hormonal and metabolic responses. These factors can lead to different muscle damage responses. Methods: Forty untrained subjects (25.4 ± 0.068 years, height: 1.74 ± 0.97 cm, and weight: 30.8 ± 8.48 kg) in three sessions of eccentric resistance exercise with 24-h rest between each session participated in this study. Subjects were divided into four groups of 10 subjects who performed 50 eccentric contractions with different number of 5 and 10 sets, 5 and 10 repetitions, and the interset rest interval 1 and 3 min with 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM). Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were measured immediately before each session, immediately after each session, and 24 h after the last training session. Variance analysis with repeated measurement and Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical analysis of data. Results: There is no significant difference in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase between four groups at different time points (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The repetition of eccentric exercise for three consecutive days causes muscle damage that is independent of manipulating the interset rest intervals and the number of set-repetition.

Research paper thumbnail of Correction: Comparison of the effects of high‑intensity interval training and moderate‑intensity continuous training on indices of liver and muscle tissue in high‑fat diet‑induced male rats with non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease

Egyptian Liver Journal, May 19, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of acute interval cycling and blood flow restriction on hematologic factors of beginner cyclists

DergiPark (Istanbul University), Apr 30, 2017

Blood compositions change as a result of physical activity and an exercise associated with Blood ... more Blood compositions change as a result of physical activity and an exercise associated with Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) is a new exercise method. This study aims to compare the acute effect of an interval exercise with blood flow restriction on beginner cyclists' hematologic factors. Twenty students of Shiraz Education Cycling Team with an age average of 16.43 ± 1.36 years, weight of 60.07 ± 11.74 kg and height of 175.46 ± 6.14 cm participated voluntarily in this experimental study. The participants were divided randomly into two equal groups of interval cycling with BFR (n=10) and interval cycling without BFR (n=10). Interval exercise consisted of 10 repetitions for one minute and one minute rest between repetitions. BFR was applied by cuff with a width of 15 cm and pressure of 160 mmHg. Before and immediately after the exercise, 5 ml blood sample was taken from a brachial vein. The results were extracted using dependent and independent T-test statistical methods at the significance level of P <0.05 by SPSS 23. The results showed the increasing effect of acute interval cycling with BFR on White Blood Cells (WBC), Red Blood Cells (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (Hct) and Platelets (PLT) as well as the increasing effect of acute interval cycling without BFR on WBC and PLT. No significant difference was observed between the effects of the two exercise methods on hematologic factors (P<0.05). Acute interval cycling with BFR increased five hematologic indexes; however, acute interval cycling without BFR increased two hematologic indexes. It seems that interval exercise with BFR makes wide hematologic changes among beginner cyclists.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of High Intensity Interval Training and Ginger Supplement on Some Antioxidant Markers, Cardio–Respiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index in Overweight Women

Physical activity is known as an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of Type 2 Diabet... more Physical activity is known as an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. The aim of this work was to compare the effects of a traditional Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) with a High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in diabetic mice. Diabetic db/db male mice (N = 25) aged 6 weeks were subdivided into MICT, HIIT or control (CON) group. Animals in the training groups ran on a treadmill 5 days/week during 10 weeks. MICT group ran for 80 min (0° slope) at 50-60% of maximal speed (Vmax) reached during an incremental test. HIIT group ran thirteen times 4 minutes (20° slope) at 85-90% of Vmax separated by 2-minrest periods. HIIT lowered fasting glycaemia and HbA1c compared with CON group (p < 0.05). In all mitochondrial function markers assessed, no differences were noted between the three groups except for total amount of electron transport chain proteins, slightly increased in the HIIT group vs CON. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase of muscle Glut4 content (about 2 fold) and higher insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation ratios in HIIT group. HIIT seems to improve glucose metabolism more efficiently than MICT in diabetic mice by mechanisms independent of mitochondrial adaptations.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the Bone Condition and Muscular Strength Between Elite Males Kata & Kumite Practitioners in Southern Khorasan

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Vigorous and Moderate Aerobic Exercise on the Serum Arylesterase Activity and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Non-Active Healthy Men

Purpose: The aims of this study was to examine the effects of moderate and vigorous (60-65% and 8... more Purpose: The aims of this study was to examine the effects of moderate and vigorous (60-65% and 80-85% of maximal reserve heart rate respectively) aerobic exercises on the arylesterase activity (ARE) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Method: 44 non-active ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of 2-weeks Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Malondialdehyde and Catalase Serum Levels Following Moderate and Severe Acute Resistance Training in Inactive Female Students

Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences

Aims Physical activity is usually accompanied by free radicals’ production and oxidative stress. ... more Aims Physical activity is usually accompanied by free radicals’ production and oxidative stress. Moreover, to prevent adverse effects, coaches and athletes have to use proper supplementation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term coenzyme Q10 supplementation on malondialdehyde and serum catalase enzyme activity following moderate and severe acute resistance training in inactive female students. Methods & Materials In total, 27 female students were randomly divided into three groups; the groups were homogeneous and equal (two groups of resistance training and one control group). The experimental groups were subjected to moderate-intensity acute (70% 1RM) acute and severe acute activity (85% 1RM) and supplemented with coenzyme Q10 (30 mg /d). CAT and MDA were measured in ELISA using a human kit. Findings Moderate and severe acute resistance activities did not alter MDA and catalytic activity (P>0.05); however, after 2 weeks of coenzyme Q10 suppl...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Foreign Coaches Roles in Thesuccess of Iran Soccer National and Club Teams

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Intense Exercise Training on Hydrogen Peroxide, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and the Selected Neurotrophins in Rat’s Brain

Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences, 2015

The effect of exercise and oxidant-antioxidant intervention on the levels of neurotrophins and fr... more The effect of exercise and oxidant-antioxidant intervention on the levels of neurotrophins and free radicals in spinal cord of ... [3] Neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of exercise in a chronic mouse model of Parkinson's disease with moderate ... [4] Exercise primes a molecular memory for brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein induction in ... [5] The effects of training and detraining on memory, neurotrophins and oxidative stress markers in rat ... [6] Lifelong spontaneous exercise does not prolong lifespan but improves health span in ... [7] Impact of treadmill running and sex on hippocampal neurogenesis in the mouse model of ... [8] Up-regulation of BDNF in astrocytes by TNF-α: A case for the neuroprotective role of ... [9] Tumor necrosis factor-alpha increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in trigeminal ganglion neurons in an ... [10] Exercisemediated improvements in painful neuropathy associated with ... [11] Transcriptional upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rostral ventrolateral medulla by angiotensin II significance in superoxide homeostasis and neural regulation of ... [12] The role of TNF-alpha and its receptors in the ... [13] Oxidative stress in response to aerobic and anaerobic power testing: influence of exercise training and carnitine ... [14] Effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid on resting and exercise-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers: a randomized ... [15] Modification by vitamin E and exercise of oxidative stress in regions of aging rat brain: Studies on superoxide dismutase isoenzymes and ... [16] Preischemic induction of TNF-alpha by physical exercise reduces blood-brain barrier dysfunction in ... [17] Exercise by lifelong voluntary wheel running ... [18] Hypothalamic inflammation is reversed by endurance training in ... [19] Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in ... [20] Increased astrocyte proliferation in rats after ... [21] Exercise increases hippocampal neurogenesis to high levels but ... [22] Exercise and time-dependent benefits to ... [23] Mild forced treadmill exercise enhances spatial learning in ... [24] Are the neuroprotective effects of ... [25] The effects of moderate-, strenuous-and ... [26] Differential effects of exercise intensities ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of intensive endurance training on rat brain and hepatic 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensive endurance training on 8-oxog... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensive endurance training on 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in liver and brain of rats. 16 adult and male albino wistar rats were randomly divided into sedentary control and endurance exercise training groups. Animals ran on treadmill for 6 weeks, 6 days a week, at a speed of 10 m/min (85 percent of maximal oxygen consumption). The content of OGG1 and 8-OHdG were measured using sandwich ELISA assay. Data analyzed using Student's T-test at P≤0.05 level. Our results showed that intensive endurance training has no significant effect on 8-OHdG contents in liver (t14=1.09, p=0.29) and brain (t14=0.93, p=0.36) of rats. However, contents of OGG1 in liver (t14=5.84, p=0.001) and brain (t14=4.09, p=0.001) of rats significant increases following intensive endurance training. Finally, there were no significantly differences between changes in contents of 8-OHdG (t14=0.44, p=0.66) and OGG1 (t14=1.72, p=0.10) in liver and brain of rats following endurance training. Intensive endurance training maintains 8-OHdG genomic damage in baseline level in liver and brain of rats by increasing contents of OGG1.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in blood insulin resistance, GLUT4 and AMPK after continuous and interval aerobic training in normal and diabetic rats

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is now seen as a worldwide epidemic disease with prevalent and inci... more Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is now seen as a worldwide epidemic disease with prevalent and incidence data. Exercise training is known to promote beneficial changes in diabetic patient. Materials & Methods: A number of 60 male rats weighing 180 to 310 grams, 13 weeks old were divided into six groups. The exercise protocol was aerobic training for six weeks. In this study, factors like Insulin resistance, glucose transporter type 4 and AMP-activated protein kinase were measured. The data were analyzed using oneway analysis of variance test in P< 0.05 level. Results: The results showed a significant difference in insulin resistance (P=0.001, F5, 37= 10.80), Glucose transporter type 4 (P=0.001, F5, 37= 20.14) and AMP-activated protein kinase (F5, 37 = 16.2, P= 0.001) levels among different groups. There was no significant difference between the impact of continuous and interval training on these indices (P=1.00). Conclusions: The continuous and interval training by increasing the Glucose transporter type4 protein content and AMP-activated protein kinase lead to reduced blood glucose levels and improved insulin resistance. Furthermore, we could use conducting interval training as a therapeutic approach to manage diabetes for the participants who were not able to perform the continuous training due to fatigue.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of some prognostic markers of cardiovascular diseases. to morning and evening Bruce treadmill test in women

Background and Aim: Some physiological and psychological variables have a circadian rhythm or cyc... more Background and Aim: Some physiological and psychological variables have a circadian rhythm or cyclical changes and many physiological responses to exercise, e.g. cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are somehow affected by their time of the day .Thus, .the present study aimed at finding out the effect of the time of the day on plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile after one session of exhaustive exercise in apparently healthy young women in Birjand in 2011. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental pre/post one. Forty-four active women (mean. age 21.59±1.24 yrs.; mean BMI 21.11±2.74kg/m 2) were divided into 2 experimental and 2 control groups. The experimental groups performed the Bruce treadmill maximal protocol after 12 hours fasting at 8 a.m. and at 6 p.m. Then, blood samples of all participants were derived from the antecubital vein of each before and immediately after the test. Finally, the obtained data was analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test. Results: A significant decrease in CRP levels was observed in the evening post-exercise period compared with the pre-test (p=0.008), while CRP levels after the morning exercise had no significant change compared with the pre-test. Plasma triglyceride (TG) level significantly increased after both of morning and evening exercises (p=0.002). But, no significant changes in TG, HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were found after morning and evening exercises. Conclusion: Taking CRP response into account, it seems that high intensity exercise in the evening is better and safer than the same exercise in the morning.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of high intensity interval training on 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine contents in the brain and liver of rats

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016

Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) yields serious damage oxidation of proteins, lipids a... more Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) yields serious damage oxidation of proteins, lipids and genomic structures. Studies have shown that production of ROS increases during intensive exercise training. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training on 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the brain and liver of rats. 16 adult Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into sedentary control and high intensity interval training groups. Animals ran on treadmill for 6 weeks, 6 days per week, at 95 to 100 percent of maximal oxygen consumption. Using commercial kits, the content of OGG1 and 8-OHdG were measured using sandwich ELISA assay. Data analyzed using Student's Ttest at P≤0.05 level. High intensity interval training resulted in significant increases in contents of OGG1 in brain (t14=7.22, P=0.001) and liver (t14=2.55, P=0.02) of rats. However, high intensity interval training had no significant influence on 8-OHdG levels in brain (t14=1.60, P=0.13) and liver (t14=1.28, P=0.22) of rats. Also, there were no significant differences between changes in the brain and liver contents of OGG1 (t14=0.97, P=0.34) and 8-OHdG (t14=0.42, P=0.68) of rats following high intensity interval training. Taken together, separation of the training sessions to various bouts of exercise with maximum effort, through increase in OGG1 contents, will lead to modify of 8-OHdG levels in brain and liver.

Research paper thumbnail of The Assessment of Physical Abilities and Providing Physical Fitness Norms of Birjand University Students

Research paper thumbnail of Necessity for Utilization of Foreign Soccer Coaches from Experts' Views

Research paper thumbnail of Short-Term Dynamic of Aggregate Fractions and their Organic Carbon Contents in a Calcareous Soil Treated with Plant Residues

International Journal of Research, 2015

The interrelation of aggregation and aggregate organic carbon (AOC) dynamics was studied in a cal... more The interrelation of aggregation and aggregate organic carbon (AOC) dynamics was studied in a calcareous soil. The soil treated with mild alfalfa, wheat and wood chips residues (>2mm), at a rate of 20 g kg1 and incubated for 120days under field capacity. The mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates, aggregation and AOC dynamic were strongly interrelated. The correlation coefficient between the percentage of macroaggregates in >2 mm fraction and the percentage of aggregates in <1 mm fraction was negative and significant. During soil incubation the organic carbon (OC) content of aggregates in >2 mm fraction was higher in the soil treated with wood chips, but the OC content of aggregates in <1mm fraction were higher in the soil treated with alfalfa. Organic carbon content of macroaggregates decreased during soil incubation in all the soil treated with 20 g kg-1. The aggregate MWD and the percentage of stable aggregates in >2 mm fraction were 0.8mm and 6.3 % respective...

Research paper thumbnail of The Comparison of Influence of Pilates and Aerobic Exercises on Respiratory Parameters in Overweight Girl Students

Research paper thumbnail of Serious Sport Injury, Motivation and Burnout: Can Self-Determined Motivation Predict Burnout in Elite Handball Players?

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship between Sitting Posture and Musculoskeletal Pain in Boy Elementary School Students

Journal of Ergonomics, 2017

Background: Undesirable sit-up and deviation from desirable status is one of the factors affectin... more Background: Undesirable sit-up and deviation from desirable status is one of the factors affecting the health of students in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between posture and musculoskeletal pain in boys 9 to 13 years old. Methods: In this correlation study, the population consisted of all boy students in the primary city of Birjand. 60 students were selected as a sample group based on random-cluster method. Two video cameras were recorded 30 minutes of sitting position for every student. The anthropometric characteristics of subjects including height, weight, etc., were measured with a standard tool. The back and neck pain were collected using a modified Nordic questionnaire. Moreover, the kinovea software was used to analyze the flexion and rotation angle during sitting. The statistical calculations were applied by Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. The ETA correlation coefficient also was used to identify the relationship between variables. All statistical calculations performed using SPSS version 21. Results: The result indicated significant relationship between bending and rotation angles with both neck and back pain (P≤0.05). Therefore it would be noticed that improper sitting can be accounted as a cause of muscle-skeletal pain in boy students based on bad postures during sitting. Conclusion: According to the results, the posture of students while sitting in class is inadequate and harmful. Thus performing some intervention and education for students is recommended.