Edward Zalisko | Blackburn College (original) (raw)
Papers by Edward Zalisko
The breeding migration of the eastern long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum, ... more The breeding migration of the eastern long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum, was studied at a small pond in NW Idaho using a drift fence and pitfall traps. During the period of 27 Feb.-25 April 1983, 2030 adult salamanders (1054 males and 976 females) were intercepted at the drift fence. The timing of migratory events was influenced by a combination of environmental and biological factors: 95% of all migration occurred when the minimum air temperature was 0 C or greater and 78% of all migration occurred on days with measurable precipitation. The pattern of migratory movement was either continuous or episodic, depending on the prevailing pattern of air temperatures and precipitation. Female salamanders arrived at the breeding pond later than males and appeared to leave the pond soon after oviposition; male emigration began shortly thereafter. No preferred migration routes with respect to various measures of habitat quality (i.e., habitat type, relative soil moisture, or vegetation type) were evident. Individual salamanders, however, did tend to use the same habitat for immigration and emigration. Based on the computed sampling efficiency of the drift fence, population size was estimated at 3141 adult salamanders (1986 males and 1155 females) in a 1.7:1 male: female sex ratio.
Scanning microscopy, 1988
The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritoneal epithel... more The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritoneal epithelium, (2) connective tissue with fibroblasts, melanophores, circular smooth muscle, capillaries, and unmyelinated nerves within a collagenous matrix, and (3) an inner layer of cuboidal epithelium partially covered by ciliated squamous cells at the lumen. The lumen and apical cytoplasm of both epithelial cell types contain strongly PAS-positive granules. The cuboidal cells contained numerous swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, mitochondria, and apical dense granules suggesting a high degree of secretory activity possibly involved in sperm maintenance. Fewer mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula, and granules in squamous cells suggest less secretory activity. Squamous cells may protect the cuboidal cells from possible abrasion by sperm masses and/or their cilia may aid in distributing secretory products in the lumen.
Both sexes of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were distributed in the anterior 50% of the mouse inte... more Both sexes of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were distributed in the anterior 50% of the mouse intestine from 4.5 to 8 days postinfection. Most worms were recovered from a region that represented 20% of the pyloric-caecal distance. The worms' dispersal increased to 70 to 75% of the intestine at 10 days postinfection. Food deprivation for 48 hr had a similar effect. Surgical transfer of females to the anterior region of the intestine induced dosage-dependent locomotion by posteriorly placed males. The males' response was reduced or eliminated by lengthy distances from females, peristalsis and pre-exposure to female pheromone. Females were attractive from 4 to 10 days postinfection, based on the male's in vivo response. Males were responsive to pheromone at 6 to 10 days postinfection. Chemical communication has been studied in 25 species of nematodes. Most reports have used in vitro bioassay to examine pheromone production and response, or factors that influ- ence sexual che...
Tissue and Cell, 1981
Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa defer... more Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa deferentia. In the distal, but not proximal, vas deferens spermatozoa moved together in whorls with heads and tails in alignment. Around the entire periphery of the spermatophore cap, similar slowly undulating groups of spermatozoa had their heads aligned and directed outward. Over time, some individual spermatozoa left the cap of the spermatophore and moved into the surrounding water (cap deterioration).
Copeia, 1992
... serial sections of the head were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for general structure. ..... more ... serial sections of the head were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for general structure. ...Ultrastructure of Duvernoy's gland from the Wandering Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans vagrans (Serpentes ... Morphology and ultrastruc-ture of the venom glands of the northern Pacific ...
Copeia, 1984
... Anat. Rec. 175:625-630. NOBLE, GK 1931. The biology of the Amphibia. McGraw-Hill, New York. -... more ... Anat. Rec. 175:625-630. NOBLE, GK 1931. The biology of the Amphibia. McGraw-Hill, New York. ---- AND MK BRADY. ... J. Reprod. Fert. 64: 171-179. RUSSELL, LD, RA BRANDON, EJ ZALISKO ANDJ. MARTAN. 1981. Spermatophore of the salamander Ambystoma texanum. ...
Copeia, 1986
Page 1. Copeia, 1986(2), pp. 398-408 DEMOGRAPHY AND MIGRATORY PATTERNS OF THE EASTERN LONG-TOED S... more Page 1. Copeia, 1986(2), pp. 398-408 DEMOGRAPHY AND MIGRATORY PATTERNS OF THE EASTERN LONG-TOED SALAMANDER, AMBYSTOMA MACRODACTYLUM COLUMBIANUM JOHN T. BENESKI, JR., EDWARD J. ZALISKO AND JOHN H. LARSEN, JR. ...
Tissue and Cell, 1981
Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa defer... more Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa deferentia. In the distal, but not proximal, vas deferens spermatozoa moved together in whorls with heads and tails in alignment. Around the entire periphery of the spermatophore cap, similar slowly undulating groups of spermatozoa had their heads aligned and directed outward. Over time, some individual spermatozoa left the cap of the spermatophore and moved into the surrounding water (cap deterioration).
Recovery is defined as the release of enough air from the lungs to permit an axolotl to persist b... more Recovery is defined as the release of enough air from the lungs to permit an axolotl to persist below the water's surface in an upright body posture. Three conditions were tested for incidence of recovery in expressing BC-Floaters (Pocklington, Zalisko, and Maxson, 2009): 1) In still, shallow water conditions, recovery is variable. Thirty-five BC-Floaters were raised in bowls (5cm water depth) for up to a year. Of these: -26% (9 of 35) exhibited recovery by week 35 and remained down consistently afterward, and -57% (20 of 35) remained floating at 35 weeks and never recovered in the shallow conditions. Only 7 of these 20 survived to one year still expressing the BC-Floater trait. 2) In turbulent, deep water conditions, recovery is faster and more likely. Forty-four BC-Floaters (6cm total length or longer) were placed in 10-gallon aquaria (25cm deep with turbulence generated by a hanging power filter).
Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenoty... more Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenotype that results in the sustained inflation of the lungs for weeks to months. Affected animals inhale but rarely exhale. Animals expressing this phenotype float inverted or listing for two or more consecutive weeks, with trunks breaking the water's surface. The new phenotype, designated the Blackburn College Floater (BC-Floater), was first documented in crosses raised in Blackburn College laboratories. Over three years, crosses were raised under similar laboratory conditions (20-25˚C with local photoperiods). A repeated cross produced 29% and 25% BC-Floaters in successive years. That same male crossed with a different female produced only 2% offspring that matched the floater phenotype. Subsequent crosses of BC-Floaters that had recovered to normal body posture exhibited an unclear pattern of incomplete penetrance. Two crosses of F 1 BC-Floaters produced 20% and 21% BC-Floater offspring. Two crosses of F 2 BC-Floaters produced 8% and 10% BC-Floater offspring. Axolotls first exhibited the floating phenotype at 21-80mm total length and 3-15 weeks post-hatching (mean = 43mm and 8 weeks, N = 55 representing animals from 3 crosses). By one year of age, most BC-Floaters either recovered to a normal body posture and ventilation of their lungs or died from the apparent stress of the continued inverted condition. In still, shallow water (5cm), recovery was slow and irregular; 9 of 29 (31%) BC-Floaters recovered by nine months. In 25cm deep water (with turbulence generated by a hanging power filter) 42 of 44 (95%) six month old BC-Floaters reverted to a normal body posture within 10 days.
Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenoty... more Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenotype that results in the sustained inflation of the lungs for weeks to months. Affected animals inhale but rarely exhale. Animals expressing this phenotype float inverted or listing for two or more consecutive weeks, with trunks breaking the water surface. The new phenotype, designated the Blackburn College Floater (BC-Floater), was first documented in crosses raised in Blackburn College laboratories. Over three years, crosses were raised under similar laboratory conditions (20-25 C with local photoperiods). A repeated cross produced 29% and 25% BC-Floaters in successive years. That same male crossed with a different female produced only 2% offspring that matched the floater phenotype. Subsequent crosses of BC-Floaters that had recovered to normal body posture exhibited an unclear pattern of incomplete penetrance. Two crosses of F 1 BC-Floaters produced 20% and 21% BC-Floater offspring. Two crosses of F 2 BC-Floaters produced 8% and 10% BC-Floater offspring. Axolotls first exhibited the floating phenotype at 21-80mm total length and 3-15 weeks posthatching (mean=43mm and 8 weeks, N=55 representing animals from 3 crosses). By one year of age, most BC-Floaters either recovered to a normal body posture and ventilation of their lungs or died from the apparent stress of the continued inverted condition. In still, shallow water (5cm), recovery was slow and irregular; 8 of 29 (28%) BC-Floaters recovered by nine months. In 25cm deep water (with turbulence generated by a hanging power filter) 42 of 44 (93%) six month-old BC-Floaters reverted to a normal body posture within 10 days.
Abstract The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritonea... more Abstract
The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritoneal epithelium, (2) connective tissue with fibroblasts, melanophores, circular smooth muscle, capillaries, and unmyelinated nerves within a collagenous matrix, and (3) an inner layer of cuboidal epithelium partially covered by ciliated squamous cells at the lumen. The lumen and apical cytoplasm of both epithelial cell types contain strongly PAS-positive granules. The cuboidal cells contained numerous swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, mitochondria, and apical dense granules suggesting a high degree of secretory activity possibly involved in sperm maintenance. Fewer mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula, and granules in squamous cells suggest less secretory activity. Squamous cells may protect the cuboidal cells from possible abrasion by sperm masses and/or their cilia may aid in distributing secretory products in the lumen.
The breeding migration of the eastern long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum, ... more The breeding migration of the eastern long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum, was studied at a small pond in NW Idaho using a drift fence and pitfall traps. During the period of 27 Feb.-25 April 1983, 2030 adult salamanders (1054 males and 976 females) were intercepted at the drift fence. The timing of migratory events was influenced by a combination of environmental and biological factors: 95% of all migration occurred when the minimum air temperature was 0 C or greater and 78% of all migration occurred on days with measurable precipitation. The pattern of migratory movement was either continuous or episodic, depending on the prevailing pattern of air temperatures and precipitation. Female salamanders arrived at the breeding pond later than males and appeared to leave the pond soon after oviposition; male emigration began shortly thereafter. No preferred migration routes with respect to various measures of habitat quality (i.e., habitat type, relative soil moisture, or vegetation type) were evident. Individual salamanders, however, did tend to use the same habitat for immigration and emigration. Based on the computed sampling efficiency of the drift fence, population size was estimated at 3141 adult salamanders (1986 males and 1155 females) in a 1.7:1 male: female sex ratio.
Scanning microscopy, 1988
The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritoneal epithel... more The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritoneal epithelium, (2) connective tissue with fibroblasts, melanophores, circular smooth muscle, capillaries, and unmyelinated nerves within a collagenous matrix, and (3) an inner layer of cuboidal epithelium partially covered by ciliated squamous cells at the lumen. The lumen and apical cytoplasm of both epithelial cell types contain strongly PAS-positive granules. The cuboidal cells contained numerous swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, mitochondria, and apical dense granules suggesting a high degree of secretory activity possibly involved in sperm maintenance. Fewer mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula, and granules in squamous cells suggest less secretory activity. Squamous cells may protect the cuboidal cells from possible abrasion by sperm masses and/or their cilia may aid in distributing secretory products in the lumen.
Both sexes of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were distributed in the anterior 50% of the mouse inte... more Both sexes of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were distributed in the anterior 50% of the mouse intestine from 4.5 to 8 days postinfection. Most worms were recovered from a region that represented 20% of the pyloric-caecal distance. The worms' dispersal increased to 70 to 75% of the intestine at 10 days postinfection. Food deprivation for 48 hr had a similar effect. Surgical transfer of females to the anterior region of the intestine induced dosage-dependent locomotion by posteriorly placed males. The males' response was reduced or eliminated by lengthy distances from females, peristalsis and pre-exposure to female pheromone. Females were attractive from 4 to 10 days postinfection, based on the male's in vivo response. Males were responsive to pheromone at 6 to 10 days postinfection. Chemical communication has been studied in 25 species of nematodes. Most reports have used in vitro bioassay to examine pheromone production and response, or factors that influ- ence sexual che...
Tissue and Cell, 1981
Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa defer... more Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa deferentia. In the distal, but not proximal, vas deferens spermatozoa moved together in whorls with heads and tails in alignment. Around the entire periphery of the spermatophore cap, similar slowly undulating groups of spermatozoa had their heads aligned and directed outward. Over time, some individual spermatozoa left the cap of the spermatophore and moved into the surrounding water (cap deterioration).
Copeia, 1992
... serial sections of the head were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for general structure. ..... more ... serial sections of the head were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for general structure. ...Ultrastructure of Duvernoy's gland from the Wandering Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans vagrans (Serpentes ... Morphology and ultrastruc-ture of the venom glands of the northern Pacific ...
Copeia, 1984
... Anat. Rec. 175:625-630. NOBLE, GK 1931. The biology of the Amphibia. McGraw-Hill, New York. -... more ... Anat. Rec. 175:625-630. NOBLE, GK 1931. The biology of the Amphibia. McGraw-Hill, New York. ---- AND MK BRADY. ... J. Reprod. Fert. 64: 171-179. RUSSELL, LD, RA BRANDON, EJ ZALISKO ANDJ. MARTAN. 1981. Spermatophore of the salamander Ambystoma texanum. ...
Copeia, 1986
Page 1. Copeia, 1986(2), pp. 398-408 DEMOGRAPHY AND MIGRATORY PATTERNS OF THE EASTERN LONG-TOED S... more Page 1. Copeia, 1986(2), pp. 398-408 DEMOGRAPHY AND MIGRATORY PATTERNS OF THE EASTERN LONG-TOED SALAMANDER, AMBYSTOMA MACRODACTYLUM COLUMBIANUM JOHN T. BENESKI, JR., EDWARD J. ZALISKO AND JOHN H. LARSEN, JR. ...
Tissue and Cell, 1981
Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa defer... more Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa deferentia. In the distal, but not proximal, vas deferens spermatozoa moved together in whorls with heads and tails in alignment. Around the entire periphery of the spermatophore cap, similar slowly undulating groups of spermatozoa had their heads aligned and directed outward. Over time, some individual spermatozoa left the cap of the spermatophore and moved into the surrounding water (cap deterioration).
Recovery is defined as the release of enough air from the lungs to permit an axolotl to persist b... more Recovery is defined as the release of enough air from the lungs to permit an axolotl to persist below the water's surface in an upright body posture. Three conditions were tested for incidence of recovery in expressing BC-Floaters (Pocklington, Zalisko, and Maxson, 2009): 1) In still, shallow water conditions, recovery is variable. Thirty-five BC-Floaters were raised in bowls (5cm water depth) for up to a year. Of these: -26% (9 of 35) exhibited recovery by week 35 and remained down consistently afterward, and -57% (20 of 35) remained floating at 35 weeks and never recovered in the shallow conditions. Only 7 of these 20 survived to one year still expressing the BC-Floater trait. 2) In turbulent, deep water conditions, recovery is faster and more likely. Forty-four BC-Floaters (6cm total length or longer) were placed in 10-gallon aquaria (25cm deep with turbulence generated by a hanging power filter).
Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenoty... more Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenotype that results in the sustained inflation of the lungs for weeks to months. Affected animals inhale but rarely exhale. Animals expressing this phenotype float inverted or listing for two or more consecutive weeks, with trunks breaking the water's surface. The new phenotype, designated the Blackburn College Floater (BC-Floater), was first documented in crosses raised in Blackburn College laboratories. Over three years, crosses were raised under similar laboratory conditions (20-25˚C with local photoperiods). A repeated cross produced 29% and 25% BC-Floaters in successive years. That same male crossed with a different female produced only 2% offspring that matched the floater phenotype. Subsequent crosses of BC-Floaters that had recovered to normal body posture exhibited an unclear pattern of incomplete penetrance. Two crosses of F 1 BC-Floaters produced 20% and 21% BC-Floater offspring. Two crosses of F 2 BC-Floaters produced 8% and 10% BC-Floater offspring. Axolotls first exhibited the floating phenotype at 21-80mm total length and 3-15 weeks post-hatching (mean = 43mm and 8 weeks, N = 55 representing animals from 3 crosses). By one year of age, most BC-Floaters either recovered to a normal body posture and ventilation of their lungs or died from the apparent stress of the continued inverted condition. In still, shallow water (5cm), recovery was slow and irregular; 9 of 29 (31%) BC-Floaters recovered by nine months. In 25cm deep water (with turbulence generated by a hanging power filter) 42 of 44 (95%) six month old BC-Floaters reverted to a normal body posture within 10 days.
Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenoty... more Three generations of captive-bred axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) reveal a new, non-lethal phenotype that results in the sustained inflation of the lungs for weeks to months. Affected animals inhale but rarely exhale. Animals expressing this phenotype float inverted or listing for two or more consecutive weeks, with trunks breaking the water surface. The new phenotype, designated the Blackburn College Floater (BC-Floater), was first documented in crosses raised in Blackburn College laboratories. Over three years, crosses were raised under similar laboratory conditions (20-25 C with local photoperiods). A repeated cross produced 29% and 25% BC-Floaters in successive years. That same male crossed with a different female produced only 2% offspring that matched the floater phenotype. Subsequent crosses of BC-Floaters that had recovered to normal body posture exhibited an unclear pattern of incomplete penetrance. Two crosses of F 1 BC-Floaters produced 20% and 21% BC-Floater offspring. Two crosses of F 2 BC-Floaters produced 8% and 10% BC-Floater offspring. Axolotls first exhibited the floating phenotype at 21-80mm total length and 3-15 weeks posthatching (mean=43mm and 8 weeks, N=55 representing animals from 3 crosses). By one year of age, most BC-Floaters either recovered to a normal body posture and ventilation of their lungs or died from the apparent stress of the continued inverted condition. In still, shallow water (5cm), recovery was slow and irregular; 8 of 29 (28%) BC-Floaters recovered by nine months. In 25cm deep water (with turbulence generated by a hanging power filter) 42 of 44 (93%) six month-old BC-Floaters reverted to a normal body posture within 10 days.
Abstract The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritonea... more Abstract
The vas deferens of the salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus is composed of (1) a peritoneal epithelium, (2) connective tissue with fibroblasts, melanophores, circular smooth muscle, capillaries, and unmyelinated nerves within a collagenous matrix, and (3) an inner layer of cuboidal epithelium partially covered by ciliated squamous cells at the lumen. The lumen and apical cytoplasm of both epithelial cell types contain strongly PAS-positive granules. The cuboidal cells contained numerous swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, mitochondria, and apical dense granules suggesting a high degree of secretory activity possibly involved in sperm maintenance. Fewer mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula, and granules in squamous cells suggest less secretory activity. Squamous cells may protect the cuboidal cells from possible abrasion by sperm masses and/or their cilia may aid in distributing secretory products in the lumen.