Monaemul Sizear | BRAC University (original) (raw)

Papers by Monaemul Sizear

Scientific Reports, Jun 30, 2023

High blood pressure is a major risk factor for premature death. Leisure-time physical activities ... more High blood pressure is a major risk factor for premature death. Leisure-time physical activities have been recommended to control hypertension. Studies examining how leisure-time physical activity affects blood pressure have found mixed results. We aimed to conduct a systematic review examining the effect of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on lowering blood pressure among adults living with hypertension. We searched studies in Embase, Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Physical Education Index, Scopus and CENTRAL (the Cochrane Library). The primary outcome variables were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021260751). We included 17 studies out of 12,046 screened articles in this review. Moderate-intensity LTPA (all types) reduced SBP compared to the non-intervention control group (MD −5.35 mm Hg, 95% CI −8.06 to −2.65, nine trials, n = 531, low certainty of the evidence). Mean DBP was reduced by −4.76 mm Hg (95% CI −8.35 to −1.17, nine trials, n = 531, low certainty of the evidence) in all types of LTPA (moderate intensity) group compared to the non-intervention control group. Leisuretime walking reduced mean SBP by −8.36 mmHg, 95% CI −13.39 to −3.32, three trials, n = 128, low certainty of the evidence). Walking during leisure time reduced −5.03 mmHg mean DBP, 95% CI −8.23 to −1.84, three trials, n = 128, low certainty of the evidence). Performing physical activity during free time probably reduces SBP and DBP (low certainty of the evidence) among adults with hypertension. Hypertension is a leading risk factor for premature death worldwide 1,2. Thresholds of hypertension differed between American and European guidelines. The threshold value of hypertension according to American guidelines is 130/80 mmHg 3 , whereas European guidelines defined hypertension when blood pressure is greater than 140/90 mmHg 4. High systolic blood pressure (according to American guidelines) was responsible for 10.8 million deaths which was 19% of total deaths globally in 2019 2. Globally, 1.3 billion people aged 30-79 years old lived with hypertension in 2019 (according to European guidelines). More than 1 billion people worldwide (82% of those with hypertension) live in low and middle-income countries 5. Hypertension will affect 1.60 billion people worldwide by 2025 6. Hypertension has imposed a substantial economic burden, including direct healthcare expenses ($370 billion/year) 7 as well as indirect costs associated with lost productivity, premature death, and morbidity 8,9. The reduction of every 10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 5 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) could reduce cardiovascular events by a quarter, stroke by a third, and all-cause mortality by 13% 10-12. Even, a 2 mm SBP drop can have clinically significant impacts on mortality 10-13. People with lower heart rates (70 to < 72 beats/min) show a 50% reduced cardiovascular-related heart mortality and heart failure compared to those with higher heart rates (≥ 87 beats/min) 14. Pharmacological treatment is proven to significantly improve the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity 12,15,16. However, in a pooled analysis of 104 million participants, only 40% of people with hypertension received pharmacological treatment, and 23% of women and 18% of men of the total participants had controlled blood pressure 5. Also, poor drug adherence is a major issue to manage hypertension 17. Given the above drawbacks to drug adherence, exercise, low salt intake,

Coronary Artery Disease, 2003

Objective We aimed to evaluate the effect of leisure time physical activity on blood lipid levels... more Objective We aimed to evaluate the effect of leisure time physical activity on blood lipid levels, in a random sample of cardiovascular disease-free individuals from the Attica basin. Design and methods The ATTICA study is a populationbased cohort, which during 2001-2002 randomly enrolled 2772 men (n = 1376, 45 ± 12 years old) and women (n = 1396, 45 ± 13 years old). Physical activity status was evaluated through intensity (kcal/min expended per day), frequency (per week) and duration (min). Multivariate data analysis evaluated the association of blood lipids with physical activity levels. Results 578 (42%) men and 584 (40%) women were physically active. Compared to sedentary women, physically active women had lower levels of total cholesterol (P < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P < 0.05), oxidized LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.05), triglycerides (P < 0.05) and apolipoprotein B (P < 0.05) and higher levels of highdensity lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (P < 0.05) and apolipoprotein A1 (P < 0.05). Similar associations were observed in men, but they did not reach statistical significance. However, after adjustments for age, smoking habits, body mass index and dietary intake were made, the effect of physical activity on blood lipids remained statistically significant only for HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.05) and apolipoprotein A1 (P < 0.05) levels in women. Moreover , physical activity was associated with lower total cholesterol levels both in nonsmoker men (-7%, P = 0.032) and nonsmoker women (-2%, P = 0.064) and lower triglyceride levels in nonsmoker men (-15%, P = 0.086) and nonsmoker women (-9%, P = 0.036). Conclusions Although almost all blood lipids were inversely associated with physical activity status, only HDLcholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 concentrations were significantly affected by exercise in women. Coron Artery Dis 14:533-539 c 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Epidemiologia

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people’s health behavioral changes have been transposed into a new ... more During the COVID-19 pandemic, people’s health behavioral changes have been transposed into a new dimension. Coping with the COVID-19 pandemic may have an impact on sustained health behavior (SHB). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the validity and reliability of the COVID-19 Coping Scale among working-age individuals and to assess whether coping with COVID-19-related stress could influence SHB in this population. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the population of the city of Dhaka in Bangladesh. A total of 263 working-age individuals (19–65 years) participated in the study. The present study results confirmed the COVID-19 Coping Scale was a valid and reliable instrument for this population. Moreover, the present finding indicated decreased odds of SHB for individuals who rated lower scores on coping with COVID-19 compared to individuals who rated higher scores; the result remained significant after controlling for gender and education (OR 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54–0.87)....

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected human being in multiple ways all ov... more The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected human being in multiple ways all over the world. Senior citizens are more likely to get sick from COVID-19 compared to other age groups. Little is known about ways to deliver the messages to adult people to get the best outcome. We conducted a direct telephone/mobile phone-based cross-sectional survey among individuals who were aged >60 years old in Bangladesh. Verbal consent was taken and the snowball sampling method was used to reach the participants. This study showed that the most common sources of information about COVID-19 were family members, relatives, friends, and electronic media. Hence, 36.8% participants perceived that the media massages about COVID-19 were difficult to understand. Meanwhile, 53% participants could not understand the meanings news and information as those were presented using unknown terminologies. From the findings it can be concluded that the media messages should be communicated in a way...

PLOS ONE

Smoking is one of the leading causes of premature deaths worldwide. The cigarette is the commones... more Smoking is one of the leading causes of premature deaths worldwide. The cigarette is the commonest form of tobacco smoking. This study investigated the factors associated with cigarette smoking among men in five South Asian countries. We analyzed nationally representative cross-sectional study (Demographic and Health Survey) data conducted in Afghanistan, India, Maldives, Nepal, and Pakistan from 2015–2018. Our study population was men aged between 15 and 49 years. The outcome variable was the prevalence of cigarette smoking. We performed both pooled and country-specific analyses using multivariable logistic regression. The prevalence of cigarette smoking among men is the highest (41.2%) in the Maldives and the lowest (20.1%) in Pakistan. Our pooled analysis found that higher age, lower education, lower wealth status, and involvement in any occupations were strongly associated with cigarette smoking (p-value <0.001). However, we did not find a significant association between age ...

MOJ Public Health, 2016

The objective of the study was to assess socioeconomic status & health seeking behavior of th... more The objective of the study was to assess socioeconomic status & health seeking behavior of the selected rural community people. A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from 221 community people residing in 18 Unions of Fatikchori Upazila. Interviewer assisted survey questionnaire was used. Uni-variate and bi-variate analysis were conducted using SPSS for windows version 20. Of 221 patients’ majority were female (54%). The mean age of participant was 40 ± 11 (SD); around 60 % respondents seek health care from village doctors and nearby local health center. However, one-third number of population (35%) visited formal healthcare providers, such as registered Doctors, Physiotherapists, Dentists and Nurses having government approved professional degrees. The highest number of respondents seeks health care for fever (23%) followed by maternal and child related condition (22%) and pain, paralysis and arthritis related issues (22%). This study identified that number of factors affecting health seeking behavior including socio-demography, knowledge and perception towards healthcare etc. Awareness raising activities, education for health behavior change & pro-people healthcare delivery interventions may be instituted.

BMJ Open

IntroductionHypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In 2015, over 1.13 b... more IntroductionHypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In 2015, over 1.13 billion individuals worldwide had hypertension. Globally, it results in 10.8 million deaths every year. Around half of the individuals do not continue treatment with medicine to control blood pressure. Physical activity, a non-pharmacological option of treatment, reduces blood pressure. We aim in this research to examine the effect of leisure-time physical activity in controlling blood pressure.Methods and analysisWe will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to conduct this study. We will perform a systematic search in Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Physical Education Index (ProQuest) and CENTRAL (the Cochrane Library). Both experimental and observational studies will be included. The study population would be people with hypertension. Two reviewers will perform screening of the articles, bias assessment and data extraction indepen...

BMC Health Services Research, 2019

BMC Health Services Research

Background: How the informal providers deliver health services are not well understood in Banglad... more Background: How the informal providers deliver health services are not well understood in Bangladesh. However, their practices are often considered inappropriate and unsafe. This study attempted to fill-in this knowledge gap by exploring their perceptions about diagnosis and appropriate treatment, as well as identifying existing barriers to provide appropriate treatment. Methods: This exploratory study was conducted in two peri-urban areas of metropolitan Dhaka. Study participants were selected purposively, and an interview guideline was used to collect in-depth data from thirteen providers. Content analysis was applied through data immersion and themes identification, including coding and sub-coding, as well as data display matrix creation to draw conclusion. Results: The providers relied mainly on the history and presenting symptoms for diagnosis. Information and guidelines provided by the pharmaceutical representatives were important aids in their diagnosis and treatment decision making. Lack of training, diagnostic tools and medicine, along with consumer demands for certain medicine i.e. antibiotics, were cited as barriers to deliver appropriate care. Effective and supportive supervision, training, patient education, and availability of diagnostics and guidelines in Bangla were considered necessary in overcoming these barriers. Conclusion: Informal providers lack the knowledge and skills for delivering appropriate treatment and care. As they provide health services for substantial proportion of the population, it's crucial that policy makers become cognizant of the fact and take measures to remedy them. This is even more urgent if government's goal to reach universal health coverage by 2030 is to be achieved.