Katie Bond | University of Bristol (original) (raw)

Papers by Katie Bond

BACKGROUND Core Outcome sets (COS) are important and necessary as they help standardize reporting... more BACKGROUND Core Outcome sets (COS) are important and necessary as they help standardize reporting in research studies. Cranioplasty following traumatic brain injury or stroke is becoming increasingly common leading to an ever growing clinical and research interest especially regarding the optimal material, cost-effectiveness, and timing of cranioplasty concerning neurological recovery and complications. Consequently, heterogeneous reporting of outcomes from such diverse studies has led to a limited meta-analysis ability, with the ongoing risk of outcome reporting bias. OBJECTIVE To define a standardized COS for reporting in all future TBI and stroke cranioplasty studies. METHODS An international steering committee has been formed to guide the development of the COS. In addition, recommendations from other clinical initiatives such as COMET (Core Outcomes and Effectiveness Trials) and OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology) have been adhered to. The first phase of the project is d...

BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health, 2021

BackgroundVasectomy occlusive success is defined by the recommendation of ‘clearance’ to stop oth... more BackgroundVasectomy occlusive success is defined by the recommendation of ‘clearance’ to stop other contraception, and is elicited by post-vasectomy semen analysis (PVSA). We evaluated how the choice of either a postal or non-postal PVSA submission strategy was associated with compliance to PVSA and effectiveness of vasectomy.MethodsWe studied vasectomies performed in the UK from 2008 to 2019, reported in annual audits by Association of Surgeons in Primary Care members. We calculated the difference between the two strategies for compliance with PVSA, and early and late vasectomy failure. We determined compliance by adding the numbers of men with early failure and those given clearance. We performed stratified analyses by the number of test guidance for clearance (one-test/two-test) and the study period (2008–2013/2014–2019).ResultsAmong 58 900 vasectomised men, 32 708 (56%) and 26 192 (44%) were advised submission by postal and non-postal strategies, respectively. Compliance with po...

Nutraceutical and Functional Food Regulations in the United States and around the World, 2019

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and the Federal Trade Commission (... more In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) are two of the primary federal agencies that regulate nutraceutical products. Although there is some overlap between the two, the FDA's regulations are generally concerned with ensuring that the product and its ingredients are safe for human consumption and are appropriately manufactured. The FTC, on the other hand, has established many of the standards for advertising and monitors companies to ensure their advertising claims are truthful and accurate. In addition to governmental regulators, private actors—including consumers and competitors—may challenge advertising as deceptive either in court under state and federal laws or before self-regulatory bodies. In developing a new product, companies will reduce risk by being aware of the standards applicable to product formulation, claim language, and substantiation. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the basics of the FDA...

BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, 2021

Seizures occur in around 13% of patients with cancer and can be distressing for family members to... more Seizures occur in around 13% of patients with cancer and can be distressing for family members to witness. In those unable to manage regular antiepileptic medications, midazolam can be administered subcutaneously using a syringe driver, but this may cause sedation. Brivaracetam is a newer drug licensed as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalisation and for restricted use in those with refractory epilepsy. It is associated with fewer behavioural or psychiatric side effects than levetiracetam, has a very low incidence of drug interactions and the maximal dose can be accommodated in a single syringe driver. We present three cases from 2019 to 2020 where subcutaneous brivaracetam has been successfully used in a Specialist Inpatient Palliative Care setting to manage seizures. Brivaracetam dosing is 1:1 conversion from oral:subcutaneous, with syringe driver doses ranging from 150 mg to 300 mg/24 hours being successfully used, w...

Running as a form of locomotion has existed for thousands of years – historically the activity ha... more Running as a form of locomotion has existed for thousands of years – historically the activity has been predominantly barefoot in nature with a more recent gradual transition to shod conditions. Substantial evidence from various scientific fields suggests that the human body may have evolved to run extensive distances; however, the rate at which running-related injuries are sustained remains alarmingly high, despite innovations in footwear. Consequently, there has been renewed interest in minimalist and barefoot running as a means of injury prevention. The purpose of this paper was to examine previous research on the effects of barefoot and minimalist running compared to modern cushioned footwear, and present the findings in a summarized report. Research indicates barefoot and minimalist footwear have effects on running form, peak impact force, and a number of common running injuries. Subsequently, these footwear styles may increase the risk of certain injuries. Because running-rela...

Cancer is a devastating disease which affects millions. For this reason, many scientists are work... more Cancer is a devastating disease which affects millions. For this reason, many scientists are working to develop drugs that can specifically target cancer cells within the body. Preclinical trials are an important phase in the drug development process, as they allow scientists to determine whether or not a drug candidate may be viable for human use. Targeted therapies can be achieved by using monoclonal antibodies as well as small molecule drugs. In this study we compared the effects of two control monoclonal antibody drugs, “mAb1” and “mAb2,” with one small molecule drug, “Drug S,” on the MDAMB231 human breast cancer cell line in a xenograft SCID mouse model. All treatment groups containing Drug S exhibited the same trends as the negative control, mAb1, suggesting Drug S is an ineffective tumorreducing treatment.

Journal of Clinical Apheresis, 2021

Background: Recent data suggest the importance of non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) in the deve... more Background: Recent data suggest the importance of non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) in the development of vaccines against HIV-1 because two types of nnAbs that recognize the coreceptor binding site (CoRBS) and inner domain cluster A mediate antibody-dependent cellular-cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HIV-1-infected cells. However, many studies have been conducted with nnAbs obtained from subtype B-infected individuals, with few studies in patients with non-subtype B infections. Results: We isolated a monoclonal antibody 1E5 from a CRF02_AG-infected individual and constructed two forms of antibody with constant regions of IgG1 or IgG3. The epitope of 1E5 belongs to cluster A, which consists of C1 and C2 of gp120, and 1E5 binds to 27 out of 35 strains (77%) across the subtypes. The 1E5 showed strong ADCC activity, especially in the form of IgG3 in the presence of small CD4mimetic compounds (CD4mc) and anti-CoRBS antibody, but did not show any neutralizing activity even against the isolates with strong binding activities. The enhancement in the binding of A32, anti-cluster A antibody isolated from a patient with subtype B infection, was observed in the presence of 1E5 and the combination of both anti-cluster A antibodies enhanced ADCC activity. Conclusions: These results suggest that anti-cluster A antibodies that are induced in patients with different HIV-1 subtype infections have common functional modality and may have unexpected interactions. These data may have implications for vaccine development against HIV-1. Background The human immunode ciency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein trimer (Env) is exposed on the surface of both virions and infected cells. Thus, Env is the principal target for neutralizing antibodies and antibodies able to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). HIV-1 Env is a exible molecule that exists in at least three different conformational states: states 1, 2 and 3. Before interacting with the primary receptor, CD4, Env preferentially adopts a compact, "closed" conformation (state 1) that is largely antibody-resistant. CD4 binding "opens" Env, increasing the vulnerability of infected cells to ADCC mediated by non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs), as these easily-elicited antibodies preferentially recognize epitopes exposed in the open conformational states (states 2/3). These antibodies include the anti-coreceptor binding site (CoRBS) and the anti-cluster A families of antibodies that, in combination with a small molecule that mimics CD4 (CD4mc), stabilize a new asymmetric Env conformation (state 2A) that is vulnerable to ADCC (1). Approaches aimed at stabilizing this "open" conformation represent new interventional approaches to ght HIV-1 infection. ADCC can play a major role in limiting the infection and replication of HIV-1 (2-5). Data on the correlates of protection in the RV144 vaccine trial suggested that in protected vaccinees, increased ADCC activity resulted into decreased HIV-1 acquisition (6). Antibodies binding to epitopes in the anti-cluster A region and mediating potent ADCC were isolated from some RV144 vaccinees (7). Most of the nnAbs mediating ADCC require Env in a CD4-bound conformation (8) and target epitopes that overlap epitopes recognized

Advances in Clinical Neuroscience & Rehabilitation, 2020

Revista Chilena de Dermatología, 2017

(MMC) es un tumor maligno cutáneo con potencial para generar metástasis. Es el más agresivo de lo... more (MMC) es un tumor maligno cutáneo con potencial para generar metástasis. Es el más agresivo de los cánceres de piel. En chile hubo 434 casos nuevos el año 2008 y una tasa cruda de 2.6 por 100.000 habitantes 1. A nivel nacional existen datos de salud pública publicado, no así de privados, por lo cual realizamos un estudio descriptivo transversal de los pacientes atendidos en Clinica Orlandi de enero de 2013 a marzo de 2014.

Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 2020

Journal of Operator Theory, 2019

Joint spectra of tuples of operators are subsets in complex projective space. We investigate the ... more Joint spectra of tuples of operators are subsets in complex projective space. We investigate the relationship between the geometry of the spectrum and the properties of the operators in the tuple when these operators are self-adjoint. In the case when the spectrum contains an algebraic hypersurface passing through an isolated spectral point of one of the operators we give necessary and sufficient geometric conditions for the operators in the tuple to have a common reducing subspace. We also address spectral continuity and obtain a norm estimate for the commutant of a pair of self-adjoint matrices in terms of the Hausdorff distance of their joint spectrum to a family of lines.

Journal Of Cancer Pain & Symptom Palliation, 2005

Toxicity of ionic and citrate-based magnetic #uids administrated intraperitoneally to mice was in... more Toxicity of ionic and citrate-based magnetic #uids administrated intraperitoneally to mice was investigated through cytogenetic analysis, evaluation of mitotic index and morphological and cytometric alterations. Both magnetic #uid samples cause severe in#ammatory reactions, being very toxic and thus not biocompatible. Peritoneal cells and tissues studies may provide a useful strategy to investigate the in vivo biological e!ects of magnetic nanoparticles. 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Food and drug law journal, 2009

Whether labeling and advertising claims for multi-ingredient dietary supplements may be based on ... more Whether labeling and advertising claims for multi-ingredient dietary supplements may be based on the testing of individual, key ingredients--rather than the actual product--has caused a good deal of confusion. This confusion stems from the dearth of case law and the open-endedness of Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance on this issue. Nevertheless, the relevant regulatory guidance, case law and self-regulatory case law--when assessed together--indicate that the law allows and even protects "key ingredient claims" (i.e., claims based on efficacy testing of key ingredients in the absence of full product testing). This article provides an overview of the relevant substantiation requirements for dietary supplement claims and then reviews FTC's and FDA's guidance on key ingredient claims; relevant case law; use of key ingredient claims in the advertising of other consumer products; and the National Advertising Division of the Be...

Public Health Ophthalmology, 1975

The work presents the influence of physical rehabilitation on the psychoemotional sphere of child... more The work presents the influence of physical rehabilitation on the psychoemotional sphere of children aged from 8 till 15, suffering vegetovascular dystonia. Was showed up the stabilization of identity and psychological characteristic, peculiared to this group of affections.