Mortada Hussein | Beni-Suef University (original) (raw)

Papers by Mortada Hussein

Research paper thumbnail of The potential effect of Trivir® (10% carvacrol) as an alternative antibacterial agent for controlling bacterial infections in the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Public Health Hazards Related to Streptococci Species Isolated from Milk, Chickens and Fish

Journal of Veterinary Medical Research

Streptococcus is a genus Gram-positive bacteria with a spherical shape. Bacterium is divided alon... more Streptococcus is a genus Gram-positive bacteria with a spherical shape. Bacterium is divided along a single axis which causes them proliferate into pairs or chains. They are classified on the basis of colony morphology, hemolysis, and serologic specificity into the Lancefield group taxonomic system. Many of them are facultative anaerobe, nonpathogenic, some streptococci can cause severe diseases and health issues, such as bovine mastitis. Here, the most relevant species are S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (hereinafter referred to as S. dysgalactiae) and S. uberis. Streptococcal pathogens rarely associated with bovine mastitis are S. canis, S. lutetiensis and S. equinus (Ruegg, 2017). Recently, many members of Streptococci were separated into the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus (Facklam, 2002). The principle streptococcal disease in cattle is mastitis and the species involved include S. uberis, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae and S. zooepidemicus (Bramley and Dodd, 1984). Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus is a zoonotic pathogen with adhesive and invasive properties. It can be responsible for septicemia, meningitis, arthritis and several other serious diseases. It affects most commonly people who have been consuming unpasteurized cow and goat milk products, or having close contact with horses or pigs (Aida et al., 2020). Bovine mastitis represents a disease of high incidence in dairy cattle herds worldwide is regarded as one of the most economically damaging diseases in the dairy industry globally due to decrease in milk yield, poorer quality milk, increased culling rate among dairy cattle as well as increased in the cost of veterinary services and medications globally (Rahman et al., 2009; Schlesser, 2017).

Research paper thumbnail of 水カビ病罹病サケ科魚類から分離された細菌によるミズカビの in vitro での発育抑制

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in... more A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of fosfomycin against multiple S. iniae isolates showed a sensitivity range of 12.525 μg/mL. The fosfomycin dose levels tested were 40, 60, and 80 mg of active ingredient per kilogram fish per day. Administration of medicated feed started one day after infection by immersion exposure to S. iniae and continued for eight days. Survival rates of fosfomycin treated groups were 90, 100 and 96.6% with an average survival of 95. 53 %. On contrary, survival rates of infected non treated groups were 3.3%. All survivors and negative control groups showed no clinical signs, no gross pathology together with negative S. iniae re-isolation.

Research paper thumbnail of Multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of 3 major fish pathogens incriminated in bacterial septicemic syndrome

Journal of Veterinary Medical Research

Fish with bacterial septicemic syndrome (BSS) exhibit very similar clinical signs regardless of t... more Fish with bacterial septicemic syndrome (BSS) exhibit very similar clinical signs regardless of the etiological agents. Members of Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Edwardsiella, Streptococcus and Lactococcus species are considered the most reported bacterial pathogens incriminated in such syndrome. Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus iniae are 3 major pathogens share in the BSS associated losses in aquaculture and considered problematic for growth of tilapia and catfish production in Egypt. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis is highly needed for controlling their disease outbreaks, particularly, in mixed infections. In an attempt to elucidate the main causative pathogen, a novel multiplex PCR (m-PCR) was newly designed in this study. The developed m-PCR involves amplifying the three multiple genes in single reaction based upon primers deduced from the regions carrying 16S rRNA, etfA and 16S RNA genes of A. hydrophila (Aeromonas spp.), E. tarda and S. iniae, respectively. Prior to perform m-PCR, individual PCR assays were carried out to adapt suitable laboratory and m-PCR assays conditions. The specificity of the developed m-PCR was confirmed by the fact that only specific fragments were amplified equivalent for 953, 415 and 300 bp corresponding to A.hydrophila, E. tarda and S. iniae, respectively, and that was evident with both extracted DNAs and the bacterial cells. More specifically, these specific bands were obtained also when either the extracted DNAs or the bacterial cells of the three pathogens mixed together in the reaction. The developed m-PCR is accurate, sensitive, fast and simple technique for the simultaneous detection of A. hydrophila (Aeromonas spp.), E.tarda, and S. iniae, three major bacterial pathogens involved in BSS incidence in Egypt.

Research paper thumbnail of Antimycotic Activity of Eugenol against Selected Water Molds

Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, Sep 1, 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the antimycotic activities of eugenol, a major essential ... more This study was conducted to investigate the antimycotic activities of eugenol, a major essential oil of clove, against some fish pathogenic species of Saprolegniaceae as well as to determine the toxicity of eugenol to selected cultured fish. Two eugenol solutions were used in this study, a 10% v/v (volume:volume) solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and FA 100, which contains 10% v/v eugenol. The fungal species investigated were Saprolegnia parasitica, S. diclina, S. ferax, S. salmonis, Achlya klebsiana, and Aphanomyces piscicida. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of eugenol in DMSO against Saprolegnia spp.,

Research paper thumbnail of Saprolegnia salmonis sp. nov. isolated from sockeye salmon, Onchrhynchus nerka

Mycoscience, 1999

A saprolegniasis occurred in cultured sockeye salmon, Onchorhynchus nerka, raised in Hokkaido, Ja... more A saprolegniasis occurred in cultured sockeye salmon, Onchorhynchus nerka, raised in Hokkaido, Japan. The lesions were mainly observed in the head, peduncle region and the caudal fin. All strains isolated were morphologically classified in the genus Saprolegnia. They were identified as a new species in the genus from the characteristics of the sexual organs, and named Saprolegnia salmonis.

Research paper thumbnail of Multiplex PCR for detection of Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus iniae and S. dysgalactiae in cultured Yellowtail

Research paper thumbnail of Pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from diseased sharp teeth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, with special reference to the lethality of its extracellular products

A study was conducted to investigate the pathogenicity and the median lethal dose (LD 50) of Aero... more A study was conducted to investigate the pathogenicity and the median lethal dose (LD 50) of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from clinically diseased catfish against apparently healthy homologous fish to evaluate the lethality of extra-cellular products (ECPs) of the isolated strain in vivo. For pathogenicity experiment, five different concentrations of Aeromonas hydrophila strain BNS 01614 including 3× 10 8 , 1.5 × 10 8 , 1.5 × 10 7 , 1.5 × 10 6 and 1.5 × 10 5 CFU/fish used via intra peritoneal. The results revealed that pathogenicity of BNS 01614 was confirmed by the mortality of 30 % to 100 % of all tested fish within 4 to 12 days with LD 50 1.5 × 10 7 CFU/fish. The Concentrated extracellular products (ECPs) of the selected bacterium were prepared and confirmed to be toxic in Clarias garipineus with LC 50 of 20µg.

Research paper thumbnail of Potential use of allicin (garlic, Allium sativum Linn, essential oil) against fish pathogenic bacteria and its safety for monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus

A study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activities of allicin, one of the major es... more A study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activities of allicin, one of the major essential oils of garlic, against some fish pathogenic bacteria as well as the toxic effect of allicin on monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Allicin 10% v/v solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used in this study. The bacterial species investigated were Aeromonas hydrophila, A. caviae, A. sobria, A. veronii, and Streptococcus iniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of allicin in DMSO against Aeromonas hydrophila was found to be 125 µg/mL, while ranged between 250-500 µg/mL for each of A. caviae, A. sobria, A. veronii. Interestingly, the MIC for Streptococcus iniae was 63 µg/mL. On contrary, allicin exists no bactericidal activity against any of the investigated bacteria. Allicin had high toxic effect on tilapia fingerlings while adult tilapia could tolerate it.

Research paper thumbnail of Antibacterial activity of eugenol against selected fish pathogenic bacteria

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic mortalities in cultured yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata (Temminck and Schlegel) and amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Risso), during winter due to streptococcosis in southern Japan

Research paper thumbnail of Contribution towards introduction of eugenol as a fish anesthetics in Carp, Cyprinus carpio, fish hatcheries in Egypt: Field trials

Research paper thumbnail of Pathogenicity of Achlya proliferoides and Saprolegnia diclina (Saprolegniaceae) Associated with Saprolegniosis Outbreaks in Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

A study was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity and pathology of Achlya proliferoides BSN-M00... more A study was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity and pathology of Achlya proliferoides BSN-M005 and Saprolegnia diclina BSN-M003, isolated from saprolegniosis outbreaks against immature stages of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The cumulative mortality rates of the tested fish groups that exposed to high zoospore concentrations of A. proliferoides BSN-M005 and S. diclina BSN-M003 were 60 and 100% respectively. The histopathological changes associated with saprolegniosis lesions induced by S. diclina BSN-M003, were loss of the epidermis, edema of the hypodermis, different degrees of degenerative changes in the underling musculature and the fungal elements were observed penetrating the entire musculature. On the other hand, the histopathological changes associated with saprolegniosis lesions induced by A. proliferoides BSN-M005 showed mats of hyphae attached the surface of epidermis, necrosis, degenerative changes close to hyphae and sometimes fungal elements were observed penetrate into dermal layer but never reach the underling musculature. It is clear from our results that S. diclina BSN-M003 is highly pathogenic than A. proliferoides BSN-M005 to Nile tilapia.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of saprolegniosis on Oreochromis niloticus

Research paper thumbnail of Potential use of allicin (garlic, Allium sativum Linn, essential oil) against fish pathogenic bacteria and its safety for monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment

The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance might be transmitting from aquaculture environme... more The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance might be transmitting from aquaculture environments to humans and animals. For these reasons, manyresearchers have been investigating the use of antimicrobial safer compounds that have no harmful effects on fish, consumers and ecosystems. The current study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activities of allicin, one of the major essential oils of garlic, against some fish pathogenic bacteria as well as the toxic effect of allicin on monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Allicin 10% v/v solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used in this study. The bacterial species investigated were Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas. veronii, and Streptococcus iniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of allicin in DMSO against Aeromonas hydrophila was found to be 125 μg/ ml, while ranged between 250-500 μg/ml for each of A. caviae, A. sobria and A. veronii. Interestingly, the MIC for...

Research paper thumbnail of studies on saprolegniasis in salmonds in Hokkaido

Research paper thumbnail of In Vitro Inhibition of Saprolegnia by Bacteria Isolated from Lesions of Salmonids with Saprolegniasis

Research paper thumbnail of Inhibitory effects of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa on pathogenic Saprolegnia in fish

Research paper thumbnail of Saprolegniosis in salmonids and their eggs in Japan

Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2001

An epizootic of the fungal infection saprolegniosis that occurred in freshwatercultured salmons a... more An epizootic of the fungal infection saprolegniosis that occurred in freshwatercultured salmons and their eggs at some hatcheries in Hokkaido (Japan) was investigated. In almost all cases, the initial clinical sign was characterized by the growth of cotton-like mycelia on the fishs' body surface, especially the head, adipose fin, and caudal fin, but the mycelia were not visible to the naked eye in the internal organs. Thirty-three strains isolated from lesions were classified in the genus Saprolegnia according to their morphological and biological characteristics on hemp seed cultures at various temperatures. Fifteen of the strains were identified as Saprolegnia parasitica, 16 were identified as S. salmonis, and two were identified as S. australis.

Research paper thumbnail of The potential effect of Trivir® (10% carvacrol) as an alternative antibacterial agent for controlling bacterial infections in the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Public Health Hazards Related to Streptococci Species Isolated from Milk, Chickens and Fish

Journal of Veterinary Medical Research

Streptococcus is a genus Gram-positive bacteria with a spherical shape. Bacterium is divided alon... more Streptococcus is a genus Gram-positive bacteria with a spherical shape. Bacterium is divided along a single axis which causes them proliferate into pairs or chains. They are classified on the basis of colony morphology, hemolysis, and serologic specificity into the Lancefield group taxonomic system. Many of them are facultative anaerobe, nonpathogenic, some streptococci can cause severe diseases and health issues, such as bovine mastitis. Here, the most relevant species are S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (hereinafter referred to as S. dysgalactiae) and S. uberis. Streptococcal pathogens rarely associated with bovine mastitis are S. canis, S. lutetiensis and S. equinus (Ruegg, 2017). Recently, many members of Streptococci were separated into the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus (Facklam, 2002). The principle streptococcal disease in cattle is mastitis and the species involved include S. uberis, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae and S. zooepidemicus (Bramley and Dodd, 1984). Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus is a zoonotic pathogen with adhesive and invasive properties. It can be responsible for septicemia, meningitis, arthritis and several other serious diseases. It affects most commonly people who have been consuming unpasteurized cow and goat milk products, or having close contact with horses or pigs (Aida et al., 2020). Bovine mastitis represents a disease of high incidence in dairy cattle herds worldwide is regarded as one of the most economically damaging diseases in the dairy industry globally due to decrease in milk yield, poorer quality milk, increased culling rate among dairy cattle as well as increased in the cost of veterinary services and medications globally (Rahman et al., 2009; Schlesser, 2017).

Research paper thumbnail of 水カビ病罹病サケ科魚類から分離された細菌によるミズカビの in vitro での発育抑制

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in... more A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of fosfomycin against multiple S. iniae isolates showed a sensitivity range of 12.525 μg/mL. The fosfomycin dose levels tested were 40, 60, and 80 mg of active ingredient per kilogram fish per day. Administration of medicated feed started one day after infection by immersion exposure to S. iniae and continued for eight days. Survival rates of fosfomycin treated groups were 90, 100 and 96.6% with an average survival of 95. 53 %. On contrary, survival rates of infected non treated groups were 3.3%. All survivors and negative control groups showed no clinical signs, no gross pathology together with negative S. iniae re-isolation.

Research paper thumbnail of Multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of 3 major fish pathogens incriminated in bacterial septicemic syndrome

Journal of Veterinary Medical Research

Fish with bacterial septicemic syndrome (BSS) exhibit very similar clinical signs regardless of t... more Fish with bacterial septicemic syndrome (BSS) exhibit very similar clinical signs regardless of the etiological agents. Members of Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Edwardsiella, Streptococcus and Lactococcus species are considered the most reported bacterial pathogens incriminated in such syndrome. Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus iniae are 3 major pathogens share in the BSS associated losses in aquaculture and considered problematic for growth of tilapia and catfish production in Egypt. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis is highly needed for controlling their disease outbreaks, particularly, in mixed infections. In an attempt to elucidate the main causative pathogen, a novel multiplex PCR (m-PCR) was newly designed in this study. The developed m-PCR involves amplifying the three multiple genes in single reaction based upon primers deduced from the regions carrying 16S rRNA, etfA and 16S RNA genes of A. hydrophila (Aeromonas spp.), E. tarda and S. iniae, respectively. Prior to perform m-PCR, individual PCR assays were carried out to adapt suitable laboratory and m-PCR assays conditions. The specificity of the developed m-PCR was confirmed by the fact that only specific fragments were amplified equivalent for 953, 415 and 300 bp corresponding to A.hydrophila, E. tarda and S. iniae, respectively, and that was evident with both extracted DNAs and the bacterial cells. More specifically, these specific bands were obtained also when either the extracted DNAs or the bacterial cells of the three pathogens mixed together in the reaction. The developed m-PCR is accurate, sensitive, fast and simple technique for the simultaneous detection of A. hydrophila (Aeromonas spp.), E.tarda, and S. iniae, three major bacterial pathogens involved in BSS incidence in Egypt.

Research paper thumbnail of Antimycotic Activity of Eugenol against Selected Water Molds

Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, Sep 1, 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the antimycotic activities of eugenol, a major essential ... more This study was conducted to investigate the antimycotic activities of eugenol, a major essential oil of clove, against some fish pathogenic species of Saprolegniaceae as well as to determine the toxicity of eugenol to selected cultured fish. Two eugenol solutions were used in this study, a 10% v/v (volume:volume) solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and FA 100, which contains 10% v/v eugenol. The fungal species investigated were Saprolegnia parasitica, S. diclina, S. ferax, S. salmonis, Achlya klebsiana, and Aphanomyces piscicida. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of eugenol in DMSO against Saprolegnia spp.,

Research paper thumbnail of Saprolegnia salmonis sp. nov. isolated from sockeye salmon, Onchrhynchus nerka

Mycoscience, 1999

A saprolegniasis occurred in cultured sockeye salmon, Onchorhynchus nerka, raised in Hokkaido, Ja... more A saprolegniasis occurred in cultured sockeye salmon, Onchorhynchus nerka, raised in Hokkaido, Japan. The lesions were mainly observed in the head, peduncle region and the caudal fin. All strains isolated were morphologically classified in the genus Saprolegnia. They were identified as a new species in the genus from the characteristics of the sexual organs, and named Saprolegnia salmonis.

Research paper thumbnail of Multiplex PCR for detection of Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus iniae and S. dysgalactiae in cultured Yellowtail

Research paper thumbnail of Pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from diseased sharp teeth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, with special reference to the lethality of its extracellular products

A study was conducted to investigate the pathogenicity and the median lethal dose (LD 50) of Aero... more A study was conducted to investigate the pathogenicity and the median lethal dose (LD 50) of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from clinically diseased catfish against apparently healthy homologous fish to evaluate the lethality of extra-cellular products (ECPs) of the isolated strain in vivo. For pathogenicity experiment, five different concentrations of Aeromonas hydrophila strain BNS 01614 including 3× 10 8 , 1.5 × 10 8 , 1.5 × 10 7 , 1.5 × 10 6 and 1.5 × 10 5 CFU/fish used via intra peritoneal. The results revealed that pathogenicity of BNS 01614 was confirmed by the mortality of 30 % to 100 % of all tested fish within 4 to 12 days with LD 50 1.5 × 10 7 CFU/fish. The Concentrated extracellular products (ECPs) of the selected bacterium were prepared and confirmed to be toxic in Clarias garipineus with LC 50 of 20µg.

Research paper thumbnail of Potential use of allicin (garlic, Allium sativum Linn, essential oil) against fish pathogenic bacteria and its safety for monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus

A study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activities of allicin, one of the major es... more A study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activities of allicin, one of the major essential oils of garlic, against some fish pathogenic bacteria as well as the toxic effect of allicin on monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Allicin 10% v/v solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used in this study. The bacterial species investigated were Aeromonas hydrophila, A. caviae, A. sobria, A. veronii, and Streptococcus iniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of allicin in DMSO against Aeromonas hydrophila was found to be 125 µg/mL, while ranged between 250-500 µg/mL for each of A. caviae, A. sobria, A. veronii. Interestingly, the MIC for Streptococcus iniae was 63 µg/mL. On contrary, allicin exists no bactericidal activity against any of the investigated bacteria. Allicin had high toxic effect on tilapia fingerlings while adult tilapia could tolerate it.

Research paper thumbnail of Antibacterial activity of eugenol against selected fish pathogenic bacteria

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic mortalities in cultured yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata (Temminck and Schlegel) and amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Risso), during winter due to streptococcosis in southern Japan

Research paper thumbnail of Contribution towards introduction of eugenol as a fish anesthetics in Carp, Cyprinus carpio, fish hatcheries in Egypt: Field trials

Research paper thumbnail of Pathogenicity of Achlya proliferoides and Saprolegnia diclina (Saprolegniaceae) Associated with Saprolegniosis Outbreaks in Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

A study was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity and pathology of Achlya proliferoides BSN-M00... more A study was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity and pathology of Achlya proliferoides BSN-M005 and Saprolegnia diclina BSN-M003, isolated from saprolegniosis outbreaks against immature stages of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The cumulative mortality rates of the tested fish groups that exposed to high zoospore concentrations of A. proliferoides BSN-M005 and S. diclina BSN-M003 were 60 and 100% respectively. The histopathological changes associated with saprolegniosis lesions induced by S. diclina BSN-M003, were loss of the epidermis, edema of the hypodermis, different degrees of degenerative changes in the underling musculature and the fungal elements were observed penetrating the entire musculature. On the other hand, the histopathological changes associated with saprolegniosis lesions induced by A. proliferoides BSN-M005 showed mats of hyphae attached the surface of epidermis, necrosis, degenerative changes close to hyphae and sometimes fungal elements were observed penetrate into dermal layer but never reach the underling musculature. It is clear from our results that S. diclina BSN-M003 is highly pathogenic than A. proliferoides BSN-M005 to Nile tilapia.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of saprolegniosis on Oreochromis niloticus

Research paper thumbnail of Potential use of allicin (garlic, Allium sativum Linn, essential oil) against fish pathogenic bacteria and its safety for monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment

The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance might be transmitting from aquaculture environme... more The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance might be transmitting from aquaculture environments to humans and animals. For these reasons, manyresearchers have been investigating the use of antimicrobial safer compounds that have no harmful effects on fish, consumers and ecosystems. The current study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activities of allicin, one of the major essential oils of garlic, against some fish pathogenic bacteria as well as the toxic effect of allicin on monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Allicin 10% v/v solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used in this study. The bacterial species investigated were Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas. veronii, and Streptococcus iniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of allicin in DMSO against Aeromonas hydrophila was found to be 125 μg/ ml, while ranged between 250-500 μg/ml for each of A. caviae, A. sobria and A. veronii. Interestingly, the MIC for...

Research paper thumbnail of studies on saprolegniasis in salmonds in Hokkaido

Research paper thumbnail of In Vitro Inhibition of Saprolegnia by Bacteria Isolated from Lesions of Salmonids with Saprolegniasis

Research paper thumbnail of Inhibitory effects of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa on pathogenic Saprolegnia in fish

Research paper thumbnail of Saprolegniosis in salmonids and their eggs in Japan

Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2001

An epizootic of the fungal infection saprolegniosis that occurred in freshwatercultured salmons a... more An epizootic of the fungal infection saprolegniosis that occurred in freshwatercultured salmons and their eggs at some hatcheries in Hokkaido (Japan) was investigated. In almost all cases, the initial clinical sign was characterized by the growth of cotton-like mycelia on the fishs' body surface, especially the head, adipose fin, and caudal fin, but the mycelia were not visible to the naked eye in the internal organs. Thirty-three strains isolated from lesions were classified in the genus Saprolegnia according to their morphological and biological characteristics on hemp seed cultures at various temperatures. Fifteen of the strains were identified as Saprolegnia parasitica, 16 were identified as S. salmonis, and two were identified as S. australis.