Jonathan Ogwuche | Benue State University, Makurdi (original) (raw)
Papers by Jonathan Ogwuche
International journal of research and innovation in social science, 2024
Like all residents of urban areas in Nigeria, and indeed sub-Saharan Africa, controlling mosquito... more Like all residents of urban areas in Nigeria, and indeed sub-Saharan Africa, controlling mosquito bites, irritating noise, and preventing malaria are challenges they face. In Makurdi urban area, these problems persist, despite the free distribution of long lasting insecticide treated nets by governments and NGOs. As an alternative, nuvan insecticide has become popular and widely used in homes, with attendant health implications. This study, using a sample of 255 residents, purposively drawn from the 17 residential areas of Makurdi urban area, revealed a number of use practices among the people, notably the type, frequency and application of nuvan insecticide. Factors such as inadequate income, type of occupation, level of education, neighbourhood influence, and lack of environmental education were found to be determinants of nuvan use in the area. Using regression analysis, the study established positive relationships between frequency of use and health effects of sweating (89%), sneezing (45.5), and difficulty in breathing (41%). This environmental health challenge requires adequate environmental education of the residents, and concerted efforts by regulatory agencies to monitor the sale, use and distribution of nuvan insecticide
The study assessed the social factors that influence residential area preference in Otukpo town o... more The study assessed the social factors that influence residential area preference in Otukpo town of Benue State, Nigeria. Variables considered based on households’ characteristics and used for the study include: sex, age, marital status, household size, educational level, safety of neighbourhoods, and availability of school, power supply, water supply and public transport. Three sampling techniques were employed for the study. First stratified sampling technique was used to stratify the study area into eleven (11) residential areas; secondly, systematic random sampling was used in which one household head was selected based on the skipping ratio of four (4) per interval. A total of 400 households were selected and administered questionnaire, but 386 households returned their questionnaire. The data collected for this study was analysed using factor analysis because of its ability to reduce large variables to manageable factors. Using factor analysis based on Kaiser Principle, two fac...
Urban development involves changes in the economic, social and spatial dimensions of a geographic... more Urban development involves changes in the economic, social and spatial dimensions of a geographical area producing transformations based on complex environmental factors and their interactions. These transformations are taking place in 90% of the world cities, resulting in increase in dependency on urban services, economic opportunities, resources and infrastructure. Regrettably, it constitutes one of the anthropogenic causes of floods and flooding in urban areas, causing disasters to lives and materials. Flood disaster management can be better achieved in urban areas through urban planning. Also, the changing paradigms in urban planning represent pro-active management of floods in urban areas through disaster risk reduction (DRR) that requires geospatial information. The paper recommends that effective flood disaster risk reduction and management requires strengthening of geodatabase management, improving communication network and infrastructure as well as public enlightenment and ...
This research seeks to analyze and compare the effects of seasonal flooding on the health of wome... more This research seeks to analyze and compare the effects of seasonal flooding on the health of women who dwell in the floodplains against their counterparts in the non-floodplains of Makurdi urban area. Number of live births and frequency and number of times women were treated for diseases within the six months of the rainy season were used as indices of health. Structured questionnaire was administered on 220 women randomly selected (22 each from the 5 floodplains and non-floodplain neighborhoods), with the respondents from the non-floodplain dwellers as the control. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results indicate that 36% of flood plain dwellers were sick enough to visit a hospital at least once, as against 23% of the non-floodplain dwellers during the six months of the rainy season. In the floodplains, 82% have children while in the non-floodplains 91% have, and 27% of pregnancies in the floodplains are not carried to full term as against 23% in the non-floodplains....
Journal of ecology and the natural environment, 2014
Flood is one of the most devastating natural hazards in the world. A floodplain is primarily a ri... more Flood is one of the most devastating natural hazards in the world. A floodplain is primarily a river sediment, populated, rich with fertile soils, but is subjected to flooding. This study focuses on the flood risk vulnerability of residential areas on parts of the Makurdi urban area with flood insurance programme as a pre-flood disaster measure. The study utilized a remotely sensed data of the area, processed it and produced a topographic map and digital elevation model. An overlay was done to produce the level of flood risk vulnerability for the residential areas as well as the catchment areas. The result shows that the highest catchment area of 22.01% lies within the moderate risk zone affecting Gaadi, Wurukum and Logo while the least of 4.15% is for the low risk zone affecting part of Lobi. The study recommends a comprehensive mapping and publication of the Nigeria floodplain to determine the 100-year flood zones for risk status as well as land use planning and management.
For a sustainable urban poverty reduction, the quality and quantity of, and access to physical ca... more For a sustainable urban poverty reduction, the quality and quantity of, and access to physical capital (environmental infrastructure and social services) are paramount. This paper examines the role of access to physical capital in urban poverty reduction by reviewing the literature and an empirical study in Otukpo Urban area of Benue State, using a sample size of 600, selected from the 14 residential areas there. The conceptual framework for this study is based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach, which is conceptually appropriate, empirically sound, and of more practical use for achieving urban poverty reduction in relation to policies designed for the provision of and access to physical capital. Using correlation analysis and factor analytic approach, the study established socio-economic and environmental correlates of the area with physical capital, and also identified 8 underlying factors of physical capital for sustainable urban poverty reduction. Out of these, access to ph...
With emerging environmental challenges facing the global society since the 20th century, most cou... more With emerging environmental challenges facing the global society since the 20th century, most countries of the developed world have adapted to more pragmatic land use planning and environmental management strategies for sustainable urban land use development. However, Nigeria like most other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are tied to the out dated modernist top –bottom land use planning procedures that are counter- productive to sustainable urban development and environmental management. This paper explores the inadequacies of the existing approaches to urban land use planning in Nigeria and advocates the need for an integrated approach that is interactive and participatory for sustainable urban development and environmental management in growing cities of Nigeria and the developing world
Journal of Defense Studies & Resource Management, 2013
Urban Development, Flood and Disaster Management: Challenges of Contemporary Urban Planning Persp... more Urban Development, Flood and Disaster Management: Challenges of Contemporary Urban Planning Perspectives Urban development involves changes in the economic, social and spatial dimensions of a geographical area producing transformations based on complex environmental factors and their interactions. These transformations are taking place in 90% of the world cities, resulting in increase in dependency on urban services, economic opportunities, resources and infrastructure. Regrettably, it constitutes one of the anthropogenic causes of floods and flooding in urban areas, causing disasters to lives and materials. Flood disaster management can be better achieved in urban areas through urban planning.
Since the Earth Summit, numerous initiatives have been launched at local, national and global lev... more Since the Earth Summit, numerous initiatives have been launched at local, national and global levels to highlight the need for health and environment actions. Health and environment have a mutual nexus between them. The environment is an assemblage of physical, chemical, biological, social, cultural and economic conditions, and these have health implications. This paper examines how development or lack of it can threaten health through environmental pollution and degradation and also how environmental development and management can provide resources for health protection. The health challenges call for concerted efforts and actions for sustainable environmental management on the parts of individuals, governments, and agencies at all levels, so as to achieve human health and wellbeing and the integrity of the environment.
Water is fundamental to health, survival and livelihoods, hence the international concern that it... more Water is fundamental to health, survival and livelihoods, hence the international concern that it attracts. Globally, it is seen as an economic, social, cultural and environmental good, and to a large extent, not only a basic need but a human right. The aim of this paper is therefore to give an exposition of the role of water as a poverty reduction strategy in a rural context. This gives credence to the concept of water-related poverty that arises when water resources constrain or impact upon people's livelihoods options or assets. A livelihoods approach to water allows us to consider the ways in which water affects people's abilities to pursue overall sustainable livelihoods. To ensure that rural poverty reduction is realized, issues of multiple uses, sources, technologies and users of water are addressed. It is therefore recommended that access to adequate water supply, within the sustainable livelihoods framework, should be pursued if rural poverty is to be sustainably ...
Over the last decades, African Governments, International Organizations and Donors have experimen... more Over the last decades, African Governments, International Organizations and Donors have experimented with a series of approaches for addressing poverty, each giving way to a new paradigm. Despite the ubiquity and persistence of the problem, the very nature of poverty remains poorly understood. This paper shows that to adequately recognize and understand poverty, its nature and extent should be examined from the spatial perspective. The nexus between poverty and the environment is close only when it is considered from the spatial perspective. Using geographical characteristics to explain disparities that underlie spatial perspective of poverty, it is observed that the livelihoods, health and vulnerability of the people are determined predominantly by the context in which they live and the constraints and opportunities this location presents. This spatial conceptualization of poverty gives rise to rural and urban perspectives. In the rural context, the natural capital is the fundament...
European Scientific Journal, Apr 30, 2013
This study examines the application of Geographic Information Systems in determining the spatial ... more This study examines the application of Geographic Information Systems in determining the spatial location of solid waste dump sites and collection scheduling in Bauchi metropolis. The study used the field survey and survey research design to acquire spatial and non-spatial data respectively. The spatial data were obtained using a Quickbird image and map of Bauchi State, as well as GPS, and ESRI ArcGIS 9.2 software. The non-spatial data on household size, waste generation and disposal were obtained from the interview of 38 households sampled in the area. The study obtained data on household solid waste generation, disposal as well as collection schedule, and identified hotspots of solid waste dumpsites in the area. The study revealed that the average household size is 9, daily solid waste generated per household is 6.11kg, and per person is 0.80kg. While 40% of the solid wastes generated are managed by BASEPA, 30% are indiscriminately dumped in unauthorized spots in the area. The map of the area showing the spatial location of the identified hot spots of the dumpsites was produced. The study recommends the employment of the integrated solid waste management system that requires geospatial information if sustainable solid waste management in urban areas is to be achieved.
Global Journal of Human Social Science Research, Aug 30, 2014
Global Journal of Human Social Science Research, Aug 30, 2014
Global Journal of Human Social Science Research, Aug 30, 2014
International Journal of Environmental Science & Natural Resources, 2018
Environmental issues, notably climate change, impact heavily on food security, and have direct an... more Environmental issues, notably climate change, impact heavily on food security, and have direct and indirect impacts on the human existence of the African continent. Such impacts include higher temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, extreme weather, drought and flooding. Indirect impacts include increased infestations and diseases, water supply, rising sea level, mass migration, unsustainable agricultural practices and changes in atmospheric composition. While agriculture is regarded as a victim of climate change, its impact on global warming cannot be overlooked. Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, that vary as countries vary in their peculiarities. Measures, such as Climate Smart Agriculture to ensure food security in the face of climate change must be pursued by African leaders if they aim to achieve sustainable and robost agricultural development.
International journal of research and innovation in social science, 2024
Like all residents of urban areas in Nigeria, and indeed sub-Saharan Africa, controlling mosquito... more Like all residents of urban areas in Nigeria, and indeed sub-Saharan Africa, controlling mosquito bites, irritating noise, and preventing malaria are challenges they face. In Makurdi urban area, these problems persist, despite the free distribution of long lasting insecticide treated nets by governments and NGOs. As an alternative, nuvan insecticide has become popular and widely used in homes, with attendant health implications. This study, using a sample of 255 residents, purposively drawn from the 17 residential areas of Makurdi urban area, revealed a number of use practices among the people, notably the type, frequency and application of nuvan insecticide. Factors such as inadequate income, type of occupation, level of education, neighbourhood influence, and lack of environmental education were found to be determinants of nuvan use in the area. Using regression analysis, the study established positive relationships between frequency of use and health effects of sweating (89%), sneezing (45.5), and difficulty in breathing (41%). This environmental health challenge requires adequate environmental education of the residents, and concerted efforts by regulatory agencies to monitor the sale, use and distribution of nuvan insecticide
The study assessed the social factors that influence residential area preference in Otukpo town o... more The study assessed the social factors that influence residential area preference in Otukpo town of Benue State, Nigeria. Variables considered based on households’ characteristics and used for the study include: sex, age, marital status, household size, educational level, safety of neighbourhoods, and availability of school, power supply, water supply and public transport. Three sampling techniques were employed for the study. First stratified sampling technique was used to stratify the study area into eleven (11) residential areas; secondly, systematic random sampling was used in which one household head was selected based on the skipping ratio of four (4) per interval. A total of 400 households were selected and administered questionnaire, but 386 households returned their questionnaire. The data collected for this study was analysed using factor analysis because of its ability to reduce large variables to manageable factors. Using factor analysis based on Kaiser Principle, two fac...
Urban development involves changes in the economic, social and spatial dimensions of a geographic... more Urban development involves changes in the economic, social and spatial dimensions of a geographical area producing transformations based on complex environmental factors and their interactions. These transformations are taking place in 90% of the world cities, resulting in increase in dependency on urban services, economic opportunities, resources and infrastructure. Regrettably, it constitutes one of the anthropogenic causes of floods and flooding in urban areas, causing disasters to lives and materials. Flood disaster management can be better achieved in urban areas through urban planning. Also, the changing paradigms in urban planning represent pro-active management of floods in urban areas through disaster risk reduction (DRR) that requires geospatial information. The paper recommends that effective flood disaster risk reduction and management requires strengthening of geodatabase management, improving communication network and infrastructure as well as public enlightenment and ...
This research seeks to analyze and compare the effects of seasonal flooding on the health of wome... more This research seeks to analyze and compare the effects of seasonal flooding on the health of women who dwell in the floodplains against their counterparts in the non-floodplains of Makurdi urban area. Number of live births and frequency and number of times women were treated for diseases within the six months of the rainy season were used as indices of health. Structured questionnaire was administered on 220 women randomly selected (22 each from the 5 floodplains and non-floodplain neighborhoods), with the respondents from the non-floodplain dwellers as the control. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results indicate that 36% of flood plain dwellers were sick enough to visit a hospital at least once, as against 23% of the non-floodplain dwellers during the six months of the rainy season. In the floodplains, 82% have children while in the non-floodplains 91% have, and 27% of pregnancies in the floodplains are not carried to full term as against 23% in the non-floodplains....
Journal of ecology and the natural environment, 2014
Flood is one of the most devastating natural hazards in the world. A floodplain is primarily a ri... more Flood is one of the most devastating natural hazards in the world. A floodplain is primarily a river sediment, populated, rich with fertile soils, but is subjected to flooding. This study focuses on the flood risk vulnerability of residential areas on parts of the Makurdi urban area with flood insurance programme as a pre-flood disaster measure. The study utilized a remotely sensed data of the area, processed it and produced a topographic map and digital elevation model. An overlay was done to produce the level of flood risk vulnerability for the residential areas as well as the catchment areas. The result shows that the highest catchment area of 22.01% lies within the moderate risk zone affecting Gaadi, Wurukum and Logo while the least of 4.15% is for the low risk zone affecting part of Lobi. The study recommends a comprehensive mapping and publication of the Nigeria floodplain to determine the 100-year flood zones for risk status as well as land use planning and management.
For a sustainable urban poverty reduction, the quality and quantity of, and access to physical ca... more For a sustainable urban poverty reduction, the quality and quantity of, and access to physical capital (environmental infrastructure and social services) are paramount. This paper examines the role of access to physical capital in urban poverty reduction by reviewing the literature and an empirical study in Otukpo Urban area of Benue State, using a sample size of 600, selected from the 14 residential areas there. The conceptual framework for this study is based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach, which is conceptually appropriate, empirically sound, and of more practical use for achieving urban poverty reduction in relation to policies designed for the provision of and access to physical capital. Using correlation analysis and factor analytic approach, the study established socio-economic and environmental correlates of the area with physical capital, and also identified 8 underlying factors of physical capital for sustainable urban poverty reduction. Out of these, access to ph...
With emerging environmental challenges facing the global society since the 20th century, most cou... more With emerging environmental challenges facing the global society since the 20th century, most countries of the developed world have adapted to more pragmatic land use planning and environmental management strategies for sustainable urban land use development. However, Nigeria like most other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are tied to the out dated modernist top –bottom land use planning procedures that are counter- productive to sustainable urban development and environmental management. This paper explores the inadequacies of the existing approaches to urban land use planning in Nigeria and advocates the need for an integrated approach that is interactive and participatory for sustainable urban development and environmental management in growing cities of Nigeria and the developing world
Journal of Defense Studies & Resource Management, 2013
Urban Development, Flood and Disaster Management: Challenges of Contemporary Urban Planning Persp... more Urban Development, Flood and Disaster Management: Challenges of Contemporary Urban Planning Perspectives Urban development involves changes in the economic, social and spatial dimensions of a geographical area producing transformations based on complex environmental factors and their interactions. These transformations are taking place in 90% of the world cities, resulting in increase in dependency on urban services, economic opportunities, resources and infrastructure. Regrettably, it constitutes one of the anthropogenic causes of floods and flooding in urban areas, causing disasters to lives and materials. Flood disaster management can be better achieved in urban areas through urban planning.
Since the Earth Summit, numerous initiatives have been launched at local, national and global lev... more Since the Earth Summit, numerous initiatives have been launched at local, national and global levels to highlight the need for health and environment actions. Health and environment have a mutual nexus between them. The environment is an assemblage of physical, chemical, biological, social, cultural and economic conditions, and these have health implications. This paper examines how development or lack of it can threaten health through environmental pollution and degradation and also how environmental development and management can provide resources for health protection. The health challenges call for concerted efforts and actions for sustainable environmental management on the parts of individuals, governments, and agencies at all levels, so as to achieve human health and wellbeing and the integrity of the environment.
Water is fundamental to health, survival and livelihoods, hence the international concern that it... more Water is fundamental to health, survival and livelihoods, hence the international concern that it attracts. Globally, it is seen as an economic, social, cultural and environmental good, and to a large extent, not only a basic need but a human right. The aim of this paper is therefore to give an exposition of the role of water as a poverty reduction strategy in a rural context. This gives credence to the concept of water-related poverty that arises when water resources constrain or impact upon people's livelihoods options or assets. A livelihoods approach to water allows us to consider the ways in which water affects people's abilities to pursue overall sustainable livelihoods. To ensure that rural poverty reduction is realized, issues of multiple uses, sources, technologies and users of water are addressed. It is therefore recommended that access to adequate water supply, within the sustainable livelihoods framework, should be pursued if rural poverty is to be sustainably ...
Over the last decades, African Governments, International Organizations and Donors have experimen... more Over the last decades, African Governments, International Organizations and Donors have experimented with a series of approaches for addressing poverty, each giving way to a new paradigm. Despite the ubiquity and persistence of the problem, the very nature of poverty remains poorly understood. This paper shows that to adequately recognize and understand poverty, its nature and extent should be examined from the spatial perspective. The nexus between poverty and the environment is close only when it is considered from the spatial perspective. Using geographical characteristics to explain disparities that underlie spatial perspective of poverty, it is observed that the livelihoods, health and vulnerability of the people are determined predominantly by the context in which they live and the constraints and opportunities this location presents. This spatial conceptualization of poverty gives rise to rural and urban perspectives. In the rural context, the natural capital is the fundament...
European Scientific Journal, Apr 30, 2013
This study examines the application of Geographic Information Systems in determining the spatial ... more This study examines the application of Geographic Information Systems in determining the spatial location of solid waste dump sites and collection scheduling in Bauchi metropolis. The study used the field survey and survey research design to acquire spatial and non-spatial data respectively. The spatial data were obtained using a Quickbird image and map of Bauchi State, as well as GPS, and ESRI ArcGIS 9.2 software. The non-spatial data on household size, waste generation and disposal were obtained from the interview of 38 households sampled in the area. The study obtained data on household solid waste generation, disposal as well as collection schedule, and identified hotspots of solid waste dumpsites in the area. The study revealed that the average household size is 9, daily solid waste generated per household is 6.11kg, and per person is 0.80kg. While 40% of the solid wastes generated are managed by BASEPA, 30% are indiscriminately dumped in unauthorized spots in the area. The map of the area showing the spatial location of the identified hot spots of the dumpsites was produced. The study recommends the employment of the integrated solid waste management system that requires geospatial information if sustainable solid waste management in urban areas is to be achieved.
Global Journal of Human Social Science Research, Aug 30, 2014
Global Journal of Human Social Science Research, Aug 30, 2014
Global Journal of Human Social Science Research, Aug 30, 2014
International Journal of Environmental Science & Natural Resources, 2018
Environmental issues, notably climate change, impact heavily on food security, and have direct an... more Environmental issues, notably climate change, impact heavily on food security, and have direct and indirect impacts on the human existence of the African continent. Such impacts include higher temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, extreme weather, drought and flooding. Indirect impacts include increased infestations and diseases, water supply, rising sea level, mass migration, unsustainable agricultural practices and changes in atmospheric composition. While agriculture is regarded as a victim of climate change, its impact on global warming cannot be overlooked. Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, that vary as countries vary in their peculiarities. Measures, such as Climate Smart Agriculture to ensure food security in the face of climate change must be pursued by African leaders if they aim to achieve sustainable and robost agricultural development.