Shehu Yusuf | Bayero University, Kano (original) (raw)

Papers by Shehu Yusuf

Journal of the National Medical Association, 2006

Africa contains 70% of adults and 80% of children living with AIDS in the world and has buried 75... more Africa contains 70% of adults and 80% of children living with AIDS in the world and has buried 75% of the 21.8 million worldwide who have died of AIDS since the epidemic began. Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, has 5.8% of her adult population having HIV infection at the end of 2003. We reviewed the causes of death among AIDS patients in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria over four years. Four-hundred-fifty-five (9.9%) of the 4,574 adult medical admissions were due to HIV/AIDS-related diagnosis. HIV/AIDS admissions increased progressively from 45 cases in 2001 to 174 in 2004. HIV/AIDS caused 176 deaths over the period giving an HIV-related mortality of 38.7%. This also showed a gradual increase from 24 deaths in 2001 to 61 deaths in 2004. The most common causes of death were tuberculosis (33.4%), septicemia (23.8%), advanced HIV disease (9.1%), meningitis (7.4%), other pulmonary infections (5.1%) and Kaposi's sarcoma (4.5%). The present dismal situation of pa...

International Journal of Dermatology, 2009

Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder that shows ge... more Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder that shows generalized mottled pigmentation. It occurs most commonly in Japanese persons, with sporadic reports from South Africa, India, and Iraq. Histopathology reveals a variable degree of pigmentary incontinence. Although the precise etiology of this disorder is not yet known, the clinicopathological findings implicate an inherent abnormality of melanosomes or melanin processing. We describe a case in a young Nigerian girl.

International Journal of Dermatology, 2009

Ichthyosis hystrix Curth-Macklin type is a rare autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by... more Ichthyosis hystrix Curth-Macklin type is a rare autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by extensive hyperkeratosis and palmo-plantar keratoderma. It results from heterozygous frameshift mutation in keratin 1 gene (KRT1). Histological features, showing perinuclear vacuolization and binucleated cells, are similar to those of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis except for the absence of epidermolysis. The present report describes the condition in a 16-year-old African girl where available treatment was disappointing.

Journal of Medicine in the Tropics, 2005

International Journal of Dermatology, 2008

Purpose To report a partial steroid response of xanthoma disseminatum in a black African woman. D... more Purpose To report a partial steroid response of xanthoma disseminatum in a black African woman. Design Case report and literature review. Methods Histopathologic study of cutaneous tumour and clinical follow-up. Results A 32-year-old black African woman with mucocutaneous xanthomatosis and dysphonia, which partially responded to treatment with steroids. Conclusions Xanthoma dissseminatum is a rare condition for which there is no medical treatment. We reported the condition in a black African woman whose skin and CNS symptoms regressed remarkably within 22 weeks of steroid therapy.

International Health, 2016

Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa.... more Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa. We investigated sex disparities in treatment outcomes for adults on first line antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Nigeria. Methods: We compared clinical and immunologic responses to ART between HIV-infected men (n=205) and women (n=140) enrolled in an ART program between June 2004 and December 2007, with follow-up through June 2014. We employed Kaplan-Meier estimates to examine differences in time to immunologic failure and loss to follow-up (LTFU), and generalized estimating equations to assess changes in CD4+ count by sex. Results: Men had lower baseline mean CD4+ count compared to women (327.6 cells/µL vs 413.4, respectively, p<0.01). Women had significantly higher rates of increase in CD4+ count than men, even after adjusting for confounders, p<0.0001. There was no significant difference in LTFU by sex: LTFU rate was 2.47/1000 personmonths (95% CI 1.6-3.9) in the first five years for men vs 1.98/1000 person-months (95% CI (1.3-3.0) for women. There was no difference in time to LTFU by sex over the study period. Conclusions: Women achieved better long-term immune response to ART at baseline and during treatment, but had similar rates of long-term retention in care to men. Targeted efforts are needed to improve immune outcomes in men in our setting.

Journal of the National Medical Association, 2006

Africa contains 70% of adults and 80% of children living with AIDS in the world and has buried 75... more Africa contains 70% of adults and 80% of children living with AIDS in the world and has buried 75% of the 21.8 million worldwide who have died of AIDS since the epidemic began. Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, has 5.8% of her adult population having HIV infection at the end of 2003. We reviewed the causes of death among AIDS patients in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria over four years. Four-hundred-fifty-five (9.9%) of the 4,574 adult medical admissions were due to HIV/AIDS-related diagnosis. HIV/AIDS admissions increased progressively from 45 cases in 2001 to 174 in 2004. HIV/AIDS caused 176 deaths over the period giving an HIV-related mortality of 38.7%. This also showed a gradual increase from 24 deaths in 2001 to 61 deaths in 2004. The most common causes of death were tuberculosis (33.4%), septicemia (23.8%), advanced HIV disease (9.1%), meningitis (7.4%), other pulmonary infections (5.1%) and Kaposi's sarcoma (4.5%). The present dismal situation of pa...

International Journal of Dermatology, 2009

Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder that shows ge... more Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder that shows generalized mottled pigmentation. It occurs most commonly in Japanese persons, with sporadic reports from South Africa, India, and Iraq. Histopathology reveals a variable degree of pigmentary incontinence. Although the precise etiology of this disorder is not yet known, the clinicopathological findings implicate an inherent abnormality of melanosomes or melanin processing. We describe a case in a young Nigerian girl.

International Journal of Dermatology, 2009

Ichthyosis hystrix Curth-Macklin type is a rare autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by... more Ichthyosis hystrix Curth-Macklin type is a rare autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by extensive hyperkeratosis and palmo-plantar keratoderma. It results from heterozygous frameshift mutation in keratin 1 gene (KRT1). Histological features, showing perinuclear vacuolization and binucleated cells, are similar to those of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis except for the absence of epidermolysis. The present report describes the condition in a 16-year-old African girl where available treatment was disappointing.

Journal of Medicine in the Tropics, 2005

International Journal of Dermatology, 2008

Purpose To report a partial steroid response of xanthoma disseminatum in a black African woman. D... more Purpose To report a partial steroid response of xanthoma disseminatum in a black African woman. Design Case report and literature review. Methods Histopathologic study of cutaneous tumour and clinical follow-up. Results A 32-year-old black African woman with mucocutaneous xanthomatosis and dysphonia, which partially responded to treatment with steroids. Conclusions Xanthoma dissseminatum is a rare condition for which there is no medical treatment. We reported the condition in a black African woman whose skin and CNS symptoms regressed remarkably within 22 weeks of steroid therapy.

International Health, 2016

Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa.... more Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa. We investigated sex disparities in treatment outcomes for adults on first line antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Nigeria. Methods: We compared clinical and immunologic responses to ART between HIV-infected men (n=205) and women (n=140) enrolled in an ART program between June 2004 and December 2007, with follow-up through June 2014. We employed Kaplan-Meier estimates to examine differences in time to immunologic failure and loss to follow-up (LTFU), and generalized estimating equations to assess changes in CD4+ count by sex. Results: Men had lower baseline mean CD4+ count compared to women (327.6 cells/µL vs 413.4, respectively, p<0.01). Women had significantly higher rates of increase in CD4+ count than men, even after adjusting for confounders, p<0.0001. There was no significant difference in LTFU by sex: LTFU rate was 2.47/1000 personmonths (95% CI 1.6-3.9) in the first five years for men vs 1.98/1000 person-months (95% CI (1.3-3.0) for women. There was no difference in time to LTFU by sex over the study period. Conclusions: Women achieved better long-term immune response to ART at baseline and during treatment, but had similar rates of long-term retention in care to men. Targeted efforts are needed to improve immune outcomes in men in our setting.