Heba Gamal | Cairo University (original) (raw)

Papers by Heba Gamal

Research paper thumbnail of Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left‐sided colorectal resection

BJS Open, 2019

Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-i... more Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods: This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and-2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle-and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results: In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6⋅9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15⋅5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77⋅6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57⋅5, 40⋅9 and 35⋅4 per cent; P < 0⋅001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52⋅2, 24⋅8 and 18⋅9 per cent; P < 0⋅001) in low-compared with middle-and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3⋅20, 95 per cent c.i. 1⋅35 to 7⋅57; P = 0⋅008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2⋅34, 1⋅65 to 3⋅32; P < 0⋅001), emergency surgery (OR 4⋅08, 2⋅73 to 6⋅10; P < 0⋅001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1⋅99, 1⋅28 to 3⋅09; P = 0⋅002) and disease perforation (OR 4⋅00, 2⋅81 to 5⋅69; P < 0⋅001). Conclusion: Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone.

Research paper thumbnail of ABSTRACTS of the 20th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies (ICES20) "Regional and Global Ethiopia -Interconnections and Identities", edited by Mekelle University ICES20 Organizing Committee, Mekelle, 2018

Conference Presentations by Heba Gamal

Research paper thumbnail of Patterns of the Conditional Sentence among Amharic, Hebrew & Arabic: A Comparative Study

Regional and Global Ethiopia- Interconnections and Identities- ICES20- Mekelle University Ethiopia, 2018

Patterns of the conditional sentence among Amharic, Hebrew & Arabic: A Comparative Study Amhari... more Patterns of the conditional sentence among Amharic, Hebrew & Arabic: A Comparative Study

Amharic, Hebrew and Arabic languages belong to Semitic family, every language occupies substantial position among its speakers and on the semitic linguistic map in variant and prolonged eras. For instance, Amharic, Hebrew and Arabic prevailed in their countries and influenced through a range of their vocabularies and fundaments of which passed different linguistic eras that led to consecutive linguistic changes in phonetics, morphology, syntax, semantics… etc. This linguistic change appears in syntactic elements like "the sentence", for example in the conditional sentences the conditional particles changed, using of the tense in the conditional pattern (the conditional sentence) changed, the average of some patterns changed, the meaning of every conditional particle owed distinctive role in the pattern like "ብ /bɨ/ if" in Amharic, "אם /ʔim/ if" in Hebrew and إذا، لو" /ʔidhʔα/ /law/ if" in Arabic.
These semitic languages owe the same concept of the conditional term, that it signifies real, possible, uncertain, or impossible event. As well they resembled in owing the three components of the conditional sentence "Conditional Particle, Protasis, Apodosis". However, they varied remarkably in conditional particle morpheme, the aspect of its tenses, all the pattern of the conditional sentence, rank and ellipsis… etc.
This paper will attempt to observe and describe the amharic, Hebrew and Arabic conditional patterns structure whence "particle, Protasis and Apodosis", also observe the most and the least common particles, after that analyzing every pattern, then determining the structural differences in the form of the conditional patterns in these semitic languages, comparing the rank, expansion and the ellipsis to any conditional component.

Keywords: conditional pattern, sentence, conditional particle, Protasis, Apodosis, real condition, hypothetical condition, possible condition, uncertain condition, impossible condition, rank, expansion, ellipsis, Amharic, Hebrew, Arabic.

Research paper thumbnail of Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left‐sided colorectal resection

BJS Open, 2019

Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-i... more Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods: This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and-2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle-and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results: In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6⋅9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15⋅5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77⋅6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57⋅5, 40⋅9 and 35⋅4 per cent; P < 0⋅001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52⋅2, 24⋅8 and 18⋅9 per cent; P < 0⋅001) in low-compared with middle-and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3⋅20, 95 per cent c.i. 1⋅35 to 7⋅57; P = 0⋅008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2⋅34, 1⋅65 to 3⋅32; P < 0⋅001), emergency surgery (OR 4⋅08, 2⋅73 to 6⋅10; P < 0⋅001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1⋅99, 1⋅28 to 3⋅09; P = 0⋅002) and disease perforation (OR 4⋅00, 2⋅81 to 5⋅69; P < 0⋅001). Conclusion: Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone.

Research paper thumbnail of ABSTRACTS of the 20th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies (ICES20) "Regional and Global Ethiopia -Interconnections and Identities", edited by Mekelle University ICES20 Organizing Committee, Mekelle, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Patterns of the Conditional Sentence among Amharic, Hebrew & Arabic: A Comparative Study

Regional and Global Ethiopia- Interconnections and Identities- ICES20- Mekelle University Ethiopia, 2018

Patterns of the conditional sentence among Amharic, Hebrew & Arabic: A Comparative Study Amhari... more Patterns of the conditional sentence among Amharic, Hebrew & Arabic: A Comparative Study

Amharic, Hebrew and Arabic languages belong to Semitic family, every language occupies substantial position among its speakers and on the semitic linguistic map in variant and prolonged eras. For instance, Amharic, Hebrew and Arabic prevailed in their countries and influenced through a range of their vocabularies and fundaments of which passed different linguistic eras that led to consecutive linguistic changes in phonetics, morphology, syntax, semantics… etc. This linguistic change appears in syntactic elements like "the sentence", for example in the conditional sentences the conditional particles changed, using of the tense in the conditional pattern (the conditional sentence) changed, the average of some patterns changed, the meaning of every conditional particle owed distinctive role in the pattern like "ብ /bɨ/ if" in Amharic, "אם /ʔim/ if" in Hebrew and إذا، لو" /ʔidhʔα/ /law/ if" in Arabic.
These semitic languages owe the same concept of the conditional term, that it signifies real, possible, uncertain, or impossible event. As well they resembled in owing the three components of the conditional sentence "Conditional Particle, Protasis, Apodosis". However, they varied remarkably in conditional particle morpheme, the aspect of its tenses, all the pattern of the conditional sentence, rank and ellipsis… etc.
This paper will attempt to observe and describe the amharic, Hebrew and Arabic conditional patterns structure whence "particle, Protasis and Apodosis", also observe the most and the least common particles, after that analyzing every pattern, then determining the structural differences in the form of the conditional patterns in these semitic languages, comparing the rank, expansion and the ellipsis to any conditional component.

Keywords: conditional pattern, sentence, conditional particle, Protasis, Apodosis, real condition, hypothetical condition, possible condition, uncertain condition, impossible condition, rank, expansion, ellipsis, Amharic, Hebrew, Arabic.