Khaled Hassan | Cairo University (original) (raw)

Papers by Khaled Hassan

Research paper thumbnail of Graffiti and Rock inscriptions from Ancient Egypt. A Companion to Secondary Epigraphy

Research paper thumbnail of New Kingdom Hieratic Texts in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo Survey and History of the Collection

Aegyptiaca Leodiensia , 2024

Abstract Large sets of objects written in the hieratic script were found in several places in Egy... more Abstract
Large sets of objects written in the hieratic script were found in several places in Egypt and can be attributed to different periods. Therefore, it is safe to say that the New Kingdom period was the heyday of the objects written in hieratic, which come in various categories. Many Museums throughout the world have these thousands of hieratic objects. Similarly, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, EMC, contained large sets of various hieratic objects. These specimens were recorded in the main registers of the Museum. There are several objects were also moved to other places such as the Grand Egyptian Museum, GEM, with new inventory numbers. Sometimes, searching for these objects in the EMC was not an easy task for many reasons. Thus, this paper will try, as possible, to track the hieratic collections in the EMC with the history of their accession. The four main records of the Museum will be displayed here as well. It will also tackle the problems that can face the scholars during their searches in the database of the Museum. Based on the category, and the finding spots, the paper will display the hieratic objects, such as Ostraca, Papyri, wooden boards with their numbers and comments attached to them in the registers with their new numbers when they moved to the GEM. A few unpublished hieratic examples will be embodied in this paper as well.

Research paper thumbnail of Secondary Epigraphy and Members of the Funerary Cult Staff. The Graffito of the Dining-Hall Administrator (ḫrp-sḥ) Kai-hersetef in Tomb Hammamyia A2 (with Graffiti from Meir)

NeHet 8, 2024

Graffiti bear witness to actions that follow one another over time and are linked to one another,... more Graffiti bear witness to actions that follow one another over time and are linked to one
another, but which appear within the unified framework of the iconotextual space
constituted by the decoration of Egypt’s private funerary chapels. This is so for the
document we present in this article, which was collected as part of the secondary epigraphy
survey we have been conducting in Middle Egypt in private necropolises since 2017.1 During the
2023 season, we were authorised to visit the tombs of El-Hammamyia and Qoseir el-Amarna,2
a provincial necropolis in the 10th nome of Upper Egypt, whose tombs date mainly from the
5th dynasty. We have recorded only one document, which is the subject of this ar ticle.

Research paper thumbnail of Funerary Objects and an Intact Secondary Burial in the Early Ramesside Tomb of Iurokhy at Saqqara

Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, 2023

The area of the North Saqqara plateau south of the causeway of King Unas became one of the most p... more The area of the North Saqqara plateau south of the causeway of King Unas became one of the most prominent necropolis sites of Memphis during the New Kingdom. It is where the archaeological expedition of the Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University discovered dozens of temple-shaped tombs dating to the Ramesside Period. Recently, the expedition led by Ola El-Aguizy uncovered the tomb of Iurokhy (Urhiya), an army general during the early reign of Ramesses II. This paper focuses on the unusual finds discovered in one of the tomb's chapels. These comprise an intact secondary burial in a wooden coffin along with wooden shabtis. This paper proposes to identify the individual buried in the chapel as a member of the personnel that serviced the mortuary cult of Iurokhy. Further objects deposited in the chapel shed light on the continued use of the chapel as a space of burial and commemoration.

Research paper thumbnail of The Survey of Secondary Epigraphy in the Private Necropoleis of Middle Egypt The Case of Meir

Bibliothèque d’étude 182, 2023

The site of Meir is located about 355 km south of Cairo and about 7 km west of el-Qusiya, identif... more The site of Meir is located about 355 km south of Cairo and about 7 km west of el-Qusiya, identified with the ancient Cusae, the capital of the 14th Upper Egyptian nome. The site extends about 1.6 km north to south and shelters the tombs of nomarchs. The architectural details and decoration of the tombs were first examined and documented in publications by Aylward Blackman between 1914 and 1953.

Research paper thumbnail of NUMBERING SYSTEM IN THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN DOCUMENTS

Shedet, 2023

The numbering system was an uncommon scribal practice throughout the Ancient Egyptian documents; ... more The numbering system was an
uncommon scribal practice throughout
the Ancient Egyptian documents;
however, it was used in some texts from
different periods. So different types of
numbering will be presented in this
paper, such as papyrus rolls numbering,
pagination, line numbering, chapter
numbering, vignettes, and mummy
bandages numbering…. etc. This paper
will also display the methods of
numbering used by the scribes throughout
the Egyptian texts

Research paper thumbnail of Book of Abstracts: Ägyptologische „Binsen“-Weisheiten IV. Hieratisch des Neuen Reiches: Akteure, Formen und Funktionen

Research paper thumbnail of The Book of the Dead Manuscripts of the Lady Hatnefer in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo: Two Hieratic Papyri and One Leather Roll (TR-No. 25-1-55-6

Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 108, 2022

Generally, the Book of the Dead in the New Kingdom was inscribed in hieroglyphic and cursive hier... more Generally, the Book of the Dead in the New Kingdom was inscribed in hieroglyphic and cursive hieroglyphic scripts. However, a few examples were inscribed in hieratic handwriting at the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty. This paper will present interesting examples of these early sources. Three hieratic manuscripts from the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty belong to the lady Hatnefer, the mother of the renowned Senenmut. This group of hieratic manuscripts consists of two papyri and one leather roll. This paper will also shed light on the handwriting of the manuscripts and try to figure out the number of scribes who were involved in writing these manuscripts based on palaeographical analysis.

Research paper thumbnail of The Hieratic 18th dynasty Book of the Dead of the Lady Hatnofer from the Egyptian Museum Cairo. Preliminary overview

S. A. Gülden, T. Konrad, and U. Verhoeven (eds), Ägyptologische „Binsen“-Weisheiten IV: Hieratisch des Neuen Reiches: Akteure, Formen und Funktionen. Akten der internationalen Tagung in der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz in Dezember, 2022

A few examples of the Book of the Dead manuscripts in the hieratic handwriting were discovered at... more A few examples of the Book of the Dead manuscripts in the hieratic handwriting were discovered at the beginning of the 18th Dynasty. One of these early examples is the Book of the Dead that belongs to the lady Hatnofer, the mother of the renowned official Senenmut. This Book of the Dead comprises four manuscripts i.e. two hieratic papyri, one leather roll, and one linen shroud. They are preserved in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo. This paper will give a general overview of the two hieratic papyri and also will make stress on some aspects and peculiarities of the hieratic handwriting, whereas the details of the script will be displayed in the study of these manuscripts. The other early examples and the reasons for using and abandoned the hieratic script at that time will be discussed in short. The scribes of the two papyri, based on paleographic bases, will be displayed as well.

Research paper thumbnail of Wooden Kohl Tube with Hieratic Inscriptions at the Egyptian Museum Cairo (CG 44703/JE 18553)

Middle Kingdom Studies, 2022

This paper investigates the wooden kohl tube of Weserhat at the Egyptian Museum of Cairo (CG 4470... more This paper investigates the wooden kohl tube of Weserhat at the Egyptian Museum of Cairo (CG 44703/JE
18553). The database of the museum reports that it was found at Sheikh ‘Abd el-Qurna in 1862. However, the
method of acquisition is unknown, and the database does not provide a date for this object. This paper reconstructs the archaeological context of this kohl tube, based on other findings of cosmetic objects. It also presents a
full transcription, translation and paleography for the inscriptions placing a chronology based on the style of the
inscription and the jar. Moreover, it looks at the name of the owner, searching for a possible attribution for this
kohl tube, especially as the name of Weserhat was common and is attested in many Theban tombs

Research paper thumbnail of Middle Kingdom Wooden Board with Hieratic Inscriptions from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo JE 30442 – CG 25369 – SR 920

Middle Kingdom studies, 2022

Hieratic texts inscribed on wood boards were uncommon through the Middle Kingdom written sources.... more Hieratic texts inscribed on wood boards were uncommon through the Middle Kingdom written sources. Thus,
this paper presents a rare example of wooden board of this era preserved in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo (JE
30442– SR 920– CG 25369). This board bears an administrative hieratic text with different entries. Some of them
are very difficult or even unparalleled. This paper also aims at publishing this object in full for the first time
with colored pictures accompanied by the facsimile, hieroglyphic transcription, transliteration, translation, and
commentary on most of the entries of this object. It will also try to shed light on the paleography of the text in
comparison with some contemporary examples. The dating and the provenance of this object will be discussed
based on the examination of the paleography as well

Research paper thumbnail of EARLY EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY HIERATIC BOOK OF THE DEAD MANUSCRIPTS. AN INSIGHT INTO THE WRITING STYLE AND FORMAT

The Book of the Dead was commonly found in the New Kingdom, written in hieroglyphs and cursive hi... more The Book of the Dead was commonly found in the New Kingdom, written in hieroglyphs and cursive hieroglyphs. Few examples recorded in hieratic script date to the early 18 th Dynasty. They display an interesting format that differs from the other examples of different scripts. At the time, hieratic was used in the Book of the Dead on the papyrus and the linen shrouds. Before the New Kingdom, a few examples of the Book of the Dead were in written hieratic script as well. From the second half of the 18 th Dynasty, writing Book of the Dead in hieratic was stopped and the scribes used only the hieroglyphs and cursive hieroglyphs for the rest of this era. Thus, this paper tackles the reasons behind stopping the Book of the Dead"s writing in hieratic during the rest of New Kingdom. The layout and scribal practices of these examples are presented, focusing on the handwriting and scribes of the long papyrus of Hatnefer.

Research paper thumbnail of NEW KINGDOM VISITS TO THE NECROPOLIS OF DEIR EL-GEBRAWI THE CASE OF TOMB S8 (IBI)

NEHET, 2021

These scribal graffiti from Deir el-Gebrawi tombs in general and Ibi’s in particular are further ... more These scribal graffiti from Deir el-Gebrawi tombs in general and Ibi’s in particular are
further examples of the general interest of 18th Dynasty scholars in monuments of the past,
throughout Egypt. The concomitance of a long visitor inscription and a perfectly understood
copy of an iconographic motif testifies to the reception of the decorative program of the tomb
by these visitors, whose visit must have been motivated in part by an antiquarian interest and
the search for models of the past. It also demonstrates a community of practice in different
scribal communities across the country. Along with the visitors’ graffiti from Assiut and Beni
Hassan, this evidence from Deir el-Gebrawi shows that local scholars had interest for the local
monuments from the distant past, as well as it was the case in necrepoleis of the capital cities
such as Memphis or Thebes.

Research paper thumbnail of A NEW CORPUS OF RAMESSIDE OSTRACA FROM THE EXCAVATION OF HOWARD CARTER IN THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS

NEHET, 2021

Mohammed Ali EtmAn, Mostafa REzk ibRAhim & Pierre tAllEt Une nouvelle statue du fils royal et gra... more Mohammed Ali EtmAn, Mostafa REzk ibRAhim & Pierre tAllEt Une nouvelle statue du fils royal et grand des voyants Ahmès. 9-25 Matthieu bEgon Note sur la tablette MacGregor 27-30 Matthieu bEgon Une mention d'Iry-Hor dans le sud du désert Oriental 31-36 Emmanuel lARozE Le dessin des portes monumentales aux époques ptolémaïque et romaine 37-61

Research paper thumbnail of Ch. Ragazzoli, Kh. Hassan Un compte hieratique de grains expose dans la chapelle de Pepyankh Henikem A2 a Meir

Research paper thumbnail of Ramesside Hieratic Stela of the Sandal Maker Penōne in the Egyptian Museum Cairo (TR . 27.6.24.3)

JARCE, 2018

The hieratic stela (TR. 27.6.24.3) in the Egyptian Museum Cairo represents an interesting deposit... more The hieratic stela (TR. 27.6.24.3) in the Egyptian Museum Cairo represents an interesting deposition which belongs to the sandal maker, Penōne, and a woman named Ta’at. This stela represents one of the earliest known incised hieratic examples from the Ramesside Period. The article presents a full transcription and translation with commentary on the text. Particular attention is paid to the palaeography of the text. It also shows the purpose of writing this kind of subject on this stela instead of an ostracon or papyrus. The choice of the hieratic rather than the hieroglyphic script for this stela is examined as well.

Research paper thumbnail of Khaled HASSAN & Stéphane POLIS, Extending the corpus of Amennakhte’s literary compositions. Palaeographical and textual connections between two ostraca (O. BM EA 21282 + O. Cairo HO 425), in: A. DORN &St. POLIS (eds.), Outside the Box, Liege, 2018, p. 45–264

Two new literary texts ‘signed’ by the scribe Amennakhte, written respectively on the recto and v... more Two new literary texts ‘signed’ by the scribe Amennakhte, written respectively on the recto and verso of a single limestone ostracon, have recently been published (O. Cairo HO 425). In this paper, we show that both witnesses are likely to be the end of larger compositions. Based on palaeographical, phraseological and thematic evidence, we suggest connecting the texts of O. Cairo HO 425 to those of O. BM EA 21282. The composition on the recto of these ostraca is perhaps a second ‘teaching’ that could be attributed to the scribe of the Tomb Amennakhte, a miscellany-like instruction aimed at several individuals (pupils, referred to as ‘you PL’).
The text of the verso, on the other hand, could be an additional hymn by this scribe to an individual who is addressed as the ‘leader’ (Pharaoh?) and praised as the recipient of goods from various regions of Lower Egypt.

Research paper thumbnail of The longest Visitor's ostracon concerning the temple of Dei el-Bahri. "A recombination of two pieces, Ostraca Cairo 430 and 432", BIFAO 117, 2017, p. 281-292

This article represents a combination between two ostraca uncovered in the provenance of Deir el-... more This article represents a combination between two ostraca uncovered in the provenance of Deir el-Bahri, and now stored in the basement of the Egyptian museum of Cairo. This ostracon contains a quite interesting visitor's formula that usually inscribed on the walls of tombs as graffiti. Now this ostracon constitutes the longest known visitor's formula inscribed on ostraca.

Research paper thumbnail of An 18th dynasty Writing-board from Saqqara in Cairo Museumو (Prophecy of Nefer.ti), CG 25224- JE 32972, BIFAO 117, 2017, p. 261-280

This paper presents one of the earliest versions of the prophecy of Neferti. It is a wooden table... more This paper presents one of the earliest versions of the prophecy of Neferti. It is a wooden tablet found in Saqqara and kept in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo. This paper publishes this tablet for the first time, as it has never been published before. It is also shed more light on the palaeography of the text in comparison with several other 18th dynasty hieratic texts

Research paper thumbnail of Kh. Hassan, New Literary Compositions of the scribe Amunnakhte son of Ipuy A study of Hieratic Ostracon in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo, SAK 46, 2017, p. 101-111, Pls. 7-8.

The present paper deals with an interesting Ramesside literary hieratic ostracon, HO. Cairo 425, ... more The present paper deals with an interesting Ramesside literary hieratic ostracon, HO. Cairo 425,
2
stored in the
basement of the Egyptian museum in Cairo. Unfortunately its provenance is unknown, and the catalogues of the
museum have no certain information concerning its exact find spot. Nevertheless, based on the Palaeography of
the text and the scribe’s signatures, i. e. Amunnakhte, on bothsides; this ostracon could safely came from Western Thebes e. g. Deir el-Medina or Valley of the Kings. Particularly, most of the administrative and literary
compositions that belongs to Amunnakhte came from these sites. This article aims at publishing this ostracon
with concentration on its newly content especially when attributed to a productive and famous scribe. It also
will try to spotlight on the most interesting handwriting of the ostracon in comparison with other sources belongs to the same writer. In addition to the attempting to figure out a specific dating for this text.

Research paper thumbnail of Graffiti and Rock inscriptions from Ancient Egypt. A Companion to Secondary Epigraphy

Research paper thumbnail of New Kingdom Hieratic Texts in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo Survey and History of the Collection

Aegyptiaca Leodiensia , 2024

Abstract Large sets of objects written in the hieratic script were found in several places in Egy... more Abstract
Large sets of objects written in the hieratic script were found in several places in Egypt and can be attributed to different periods. Therefore, it is safe to say that the New Kingdom period was the heyday of the objects written in hieratic, which come in various categories. Many Museums throughout the world have these thousands of hieratic objects. Similarly, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, EMC, contained large sets of various hieratic objects. These specimens were recorded in the main registers of the Museum. There are several objects were also moved to other places such as the Grand Egyptian Museum, GEM, with new inventory numbers. Sometimes, searching for these objects in the EMC was not an easy task for many reasons. Thus, this paper will try, as possible, to track the hieratic collections in the EMC with the history of their accession. The four main records of the Museum will be displayed here as well. It will also tackle the problems that can face the scholars during their searches in the database of the Museum. Based on the category, and the finding spots, the paper will display the hieratic objects, such as Ostraca, Papyri, wooden boards with their numbers and comments attached to them in the registers with their new numbers when they moved to the GEM. A few unpublished hieratic examples will be embodied in this paper as well.

Research paper thumbnail of Secondary Epigraphy and Members of the Funerary Cult Staff. The Graffito of the Dining-Hall Administrator (ḫrp-sḥ) Kai-hersetef in Tomb Hammamyia A2 (with Graffiti from Meir)

NeHet 8, 2024

Graffiti bear witness to actions that follow one another over time and are linked to one another,... more Graffiti bear witness to actions that follow one another over time and are linked to one
another, but which appear within the unified framework of the iconotextual space
constituted by the decoration of Egypt’s private funerary chapels. This is so for the
document we present in this article, which was collected as part of the secondary epigraphy
survey we have been conducting in Middle Egypt in private necropolises since 2017.1 During the
2023 season, we were authorised to visit the tombs of El-Hammamyia and Qoseir el-Amarna,2
a provincial necropolis in the 10th nome of Upper Egypt, whose tombs date mainly from the
5th dynasty. We have recorded only one document, which is the subject of this ar ticle.

Research paper thumbnail of Funerary Objects and an Intact Secondary Burial in the Early Ramesside Tomb of Iurokhy at Saqqara

Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, 2023

The area of the North Saqqara plateau south of the causeway of King Unas became one of the most p... more The area of the North Saqqara plateau south of the causeway of King Unas became one of the most prominent necropolis sites of Memphis during the New Kingdom. It is where the archaeological expedition of the Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University discovered dozens of temple-shaped tombs dating to the Ramesside Period. Recently, the expedition led by Ola El-Aguizy uncovered the tomb of Iurokhy (Urhiya), an army general during the early reign of Ramesses II. This paper focuses on the unusual finds discovered in one of the tomb's chapels. These comprise an intact secondary burial in a wooden coffin along with wooden shabtis. This paper proposes to identify the individual buried in the chapel as a member of the personnel that serviced the mortuary cult of Iurokhy. Further objects deposited in the chapel shed light on the continued use of the chapel as a space of burial and commemoration.

Research paper thumbnail of The Survey of Secondary Epigraphy in the Private Necropoleis of Middle Egypt The Case of Meir

Bibliothèque d’étude 182, 2023

The site of Meir is located about 355 km south of Cairo and about 7 km west of el-Qusiya, identif... more The site of Meir is located about 355 km south of Cairo and about 7 km west of el-Qusiya, identified with the ancient Cusae, the capital of the 14th Upper Egyptian nome. The site extends about 1.6 km north to south and shelters the tombs of nomarchs. The architectural details and decoration of the tombs were first examined and documented in publications by Aylward Blackman between 1914 and 1953.

Research paper thumbnail of NUMBERING SYSTEM IN THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN DOCUMENTS

Shedet, 2023

The numbering system was an uncommon scribal practice throughout the Ancient Egyptian documents; ... more The numbering system was an
uncommon scribal practice throughout
the Ancient Egyptian documents;
however, it was used in some texts from
different periods. So different types of
numbering will be presented in this
paper, such as papyrus rolls numbering,
pagination, line numbering, chapter
numbering, vignettes, and mummy
bandages numbering…. etc. This paper
will also display the methods of
numbering used by the scribes throughout
the Egyptian texts

Research paper thumbnail of Book of Abstracts: Ägyptologische „Binsen“-Weisheiten IV. Hieratisch des Neuen Reiches: Akteure, Formen und Funktionen

Research paper thumbnail of The Book of the Dead Manuscripts of the Lady Hatnefer in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo: Two Hieratic Papyri and One Leather Roll (TR-No. 25-1-55-6

Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 108, 2022

Generally, the Book of the Dead in the New Kingdom was inscribed in hieroglyphic and cursive hier... more Generally, the Book of the Dead in the New Kingdom was inscribed in hieroglyphic and cursive hieroglyphic scripts. However, a few examples were inscribed in hieratic handwriting at the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty. This paper will present interesting examples of these early sources. Three hieratic manuscripts from the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty belong to the lady Hatnefer, the mother of the renowned Senenmut. This group of hieratic manuscripts consists of two papyri and one leather roll. This paper will also shed light on the handwriting of the manuscripts and try to figure out the number of scribes who were involved in writing these manuscripts based on palaeographical analysis.

Research paper thumbnail of The Hieratic 18th dynasty Book of the Dead of the Lady Hatnofer from the Egyptian Museum Cairo. Preliminary overview

S. A. Gülden, T. Konrad, and U. Verhoeven (eds), Ägyptologische „Binsen“-Weisheiten IV: Hieratisch des Neuen Reiches: Akteure, Formen und Funktionen. Akten der internationalen Tagung in der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz in Dezember, 2022

A few examples of the Book of the Dead manuscripts in the hieratic handwriting were discovered at... more A few examples of the Book of the Dead manuscripts in the hieratic handwriting were discovered at the beginning of the 18th Dynasty. One of these early examples is the Book of the Dead that belongs to the lady Hatnofer, the mother of the renowned official Senenmut. This Book of the Dead comprises four manuscripts i.e. two hieratic papyri, one leather roll, and one linen shroud. They are preserved in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo. This paper will give a general overview of the two hieratic papyri and also will make stress on some aspects and peculiarities of the hieratic handwriting, whereas the details of the script will be displayed in the study of these manuscripts. The other early examples and the reasons for using and abandoned the hieratic script at that time will be discussed in short. The scribes of the two papyri, based on paleographic bases, will be displayed as well.

Research paper thumbnail of Wooden Kohl Tube with Hieratic Inscriptions at the Egyptian Museum Cairo (CG 44703/JE 18553)

Middle Kingdom Studies, 2022

This paper investigates the wooden kohl tube of Weserhat at the Egyptian Museum of Cairo (CG 4470... more This paper investigates the wooden kohl tube of Weserhat at the Egyptian Museum of Cairo (CG 44703/JE
18553). The database of the museum reports that it was found at Sheikh ‘Abd el-Qurna in 1862. However, the
method of acquisition is unknown, and the database does not provide a date for this object. This paper reconstructs the archaeological context of this kohl tube, based on other findings of cosmetic objects. It also presents a
full transcription, translation and paleography for the inscriptions placing a chronology based on the style of the
inscription and the jar. Moreover, it looks at the name of the owner, searching for a possible attribution for this
kohl tube, especially as the name of Weserhat was common and is attested in many Theban tombs

Research paper thumbnail of Middle Kingdom Wooden Board with Hieratic Inscriptions from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo JE 30442 – CG 25369 – SR 920

Middle Kingdom studies, 2022

Hieratic texts inscribed on wood boards were uncommon through the Middle Kingdom written sources.... more Hieratic texts inscribed on wood boards were uncommon through the Middle Kingdom written sources. Thus,
this paper presents a rare example of wooden board of this era preserved in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo (JE
30442– SR 920– CG 25369). This board bears an administrative hieratic text with different entries. Some of them
are very difficult or even unparalleled. This paper also aims at publishing this object in full for the first time
with colored pictures accompanied by the facsimile, hieroglyphic transcription, transliteration, translation, and
commentary on most of the entries of this object. It will also try to shed light on the paleography of the text in
comparison with some contemporary examples. The dating and the provenance of this object will be discussed
based on the examination of the paleography as well

Research paper thumbnail of EARLY EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY HIERATIC BOOK OF THE DEAD MANUSCRIPTS. AN INSIGHT INTO THE WRITING STYLE AND FORMAT

The Book of the Dead was commonly found in the New Kingdom, written in hieroglyphs and cursive hi... more The Book of the Dead was commonly found in the New Kingdom, written in hieroglyphs and cursive hieroglyphs. Few examples recorded in hieratic script date to the early 18 th Dynasty. They display an interesting format that differs from the other examples of different scripts. At the time, hieratic was used in the Book of the Dead on the papyrus and the linen shrouds. Before the New Kingdom, a few examples of the Book of the Dead were in written hieratic script as well. From the second half of the 18 th Dynasty, writing Book of the Dead in hieratic was stopped and the scribes used only the hieroglyphs and cursive hieroglyphs for the rest of this era. Thus, this paper tackles the reasons behind stopping the Book of the Dead"s writing in hieratic during the rest of New Kingdom. The layout and scribal practices of these examples are presented, focusing on the handwriting and scribes of the long papyrus of Hatnefer.

Research paper thumbnail of NEW KINGDOM VISITS TO THE NECROPOLIS OF DEIR EL-GEBRAWI THE CASE OF TOMB S8 (IBI)

NEHET, 2021

These scribal graffiti from Deir el-Gebrawi tombs in general and Ibi’s in particular are further ... more These scribal graffiti from Deir el-Gebrawi tombs in general and Ibi’s in particular are
further examples of the general interest of 18th Dynasty scholars in monuments of the past,
throughout Egypt. The concomitance of a long visitor inscription and a perfectly understood
copy of an iconographic motif testifies to the reception of the decorative program of the tomb
by these visitors, whose visit must have been motivated in part by an antiquarian interest and
the search for models of the past. It also demonstrates a community of practice in different
scribal communities across the country. Along with the visitors’ graffiti from Assiut and Beni
Hassan, this evidence from Deir el-Gebrawi shows that local scholars had interest for the local
monuments from the distant past, as well as it was the case in necrepoleis of the capital cities
such as Memphis or Thebes.

Research paper thumbnail of A NEW CORPUS OF RAMESSIDE OSTRACA FROM THE EXCAVATION OF HOWARD CARTER IN THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS

NEHET, 2021

Mohammed Ali EtmAn, Mostafa REzk ibRAhim & Pierre tAllEt Une nouvelle statue du fils royal et gra... more Mohammed Ali EtmAn, Mostafa REzk ibRAhim & Pierre tAllEt Une nouvelle statue du fils royal et grand des voyants Ahmès. 9-25 Matthieu bEgon Note sur la tablette MacGregor 27-30 Matthieu bEgon Une mention d'Iry-Hor dans le sud du désert Oriental 31-36 Emmanuel lARozE Le dessin des portes monumentales aux époques ptolémaïque et romaine 37-61

Research paper thumbnail of Ch. Ragazzoli, Kh. Hassan Un compte hieratique de grains expose dans la chapelle de Pepyankh Henikem A2 a Meir

Research paper thumbnail of Ramesside Hieratic Stela of the Sandal Maker Penōne in the Egyptian Museum Cairo (TR . 27.6.24.3)

JARCE, 2018

The hieratic stela (TR. 27.6.24.3) in the Egyptian Museum Cairo represents an interesting deposit... more The hieratic stela (TR. 27.6.24.3) in the Egyptian Museum Cairo represents an interesting deposition which belongs to the sandal maker, Penōne, and a woman named Ta’at. This stela represents one of the earliest known incised hieratic examples from the Ramesside Period. The article presents a full transcription and translation with commentary on the text. Particular attention is paid to the palaeography of the text. It also shows the purpose of writing this kind of subject on this stela instead of an ostracon or papyrus. The choice of the hieratic rather than the hieroglyphic script for this stela is examined as well.

Research paper thumbnail of Khaled HASSAN & Stéphane POLIS, Extending the corpus of Amennakhte’s literary compositions. Palaeographical and textual connections between two ostraca (O. BM EA 21282 + O. Cairo HO 425), in: A. DORN &St. POLIS (eds.), Outside the Box, Liege, 2018, p. 45–264

Two new literary texts ‘signed’ by the scribe Amennakhte, written respectively on the recto and v... more Two new literary texts ‘signed’ by the scribe Amennakhte, written respectively on the recto and verso of a single limestone ostracon, have recently been published (O. Cairo HO 425). In this paper, we show that both witnesses are likely to be the end of larger compositions. Based on palaeographical, phraseological and thematic evidence, we suggest connecting the texts of O. Cairo HO 425 to those of O. BM EA 21282. The composition on the recto of these ostraca is perhaps a second ‘teaching’ that could be attributed to the scribe of the Tomb Amennakhte, a miscellany-like instruction aimed at several individuals (pupils, referred to as ‘you PL’).
The text of the verso, on the other hand, could be an additional hymn by this scribe to an individual who is addressed as the ‘leader’ (Pharaoh?) and praised as the recipient of goods from various regions of Lower Egypt.

Research paper thumbnail of The longest Visitor's ostracon concerning the temple of Dei el-Bahri. "A recombination of two pieces, Ostraca Cairo 430 and 432", BIFAO 117, 2017, p. 281-292

This article represents a combination between two ostraca uncovered in the provenance of Deir el-... more This article represents a combination between two ostraca uncovered in the provenance of Deir el-Bahri, and now stored in the basement of the Egyptian museum of Cairo. This ostracon contains a quite interesting visitor's formula that usually inscribed on the walls of tombs as graffiti. Now this ostracon constitutes the longest known visitor's formula inscribed on ostraca.

Research paper thumbnail of An 18th dynasty Writing-board from Saqqara in Cairo Museumو (Prophecy of Nefer.ti), CG 25224- JE 32972, BIFAO 117, 2017, p. 261-280

This paper presents one of the earliest versions of the prophecy of Neferti. It is a wooden table... more This paper presents one of the earliest versions of the prophecy of Neferti. It is a wooden tablet found in Saqqara and kept in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo. This paper publishes this tablet for the first time, as it has never been published before. It is also shed more light on the palaeography of the text in comparison with several other 18th dynasty hieratic texts

Research paper thumbnail of Kh. Hassan, New Literary Compositions of the scribe Amunnakhte son of Ipuy A study of Hieratic Ostracon in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo, SAK 46, 2017, p. 101-111, Pls. 7-8.

The present paper deals with an interesting Ramesside literary hieratic ostracon, HO. Cairo 425, ... more The present paper deals with an interesting Ramesside literary hieratic ostracon, HO. Cairo 425,
2
stored in the
basement of the Egyptian museum in Cairo. Unfortunately its provenance is unknown, and the catalogues of the
museum have no certain information concerning its exact find spot. Nevertheless, based on the Palaeography of
the text and the scribe’s signatures, i. e. Amunnakhte, on bothsides; this ostracon could safely came from Western Thebes e. g. Deir el-Medina or Valley of the Kings. Particularly, most of the administrative and literary
compositions that belongs to Amunnakhte came from these sites. This article aims at publishing this ostracon
with concentration on its newly content especially when attributed to a productive and famous scribe. It also
will try to spotlight on the most interesting handwriting of the ostracon in comparison with other sources belongs to the same writer. In addition to the attempting to figure out a specific dating for this text.

Research paper thumbnail of Publish and Study a Group of Hieratic Ostraca from the Egyptian Museum of Cairo (Deir el-Bahri and Deir el-Medina)

The current thesis is dealing with publishing and studying a group of hieratic ostraca kept in th... more The current thesis is dealing with publishing and studying a group of hieratic ostraca kept in the basement of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

Research paper thumbnail of THE COMPLETE BOOK OF THE DEAD PAPYRUS OF AHMOSE FROM SAQQARA

MoTA Press , 2024

This book displays an exceptional example of a Book of the Dead papyrus found in Saqqara. This pa... more This book displays an exceptional example of a Book of the Dead papyrus found in Saqqara. This papyrus was discovered in 2021 by the expedition of the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Egypt. This papyrus was owned by a man named Ahmose. It is considered one of the most complete examples found in the area of Saqqara. The importance of this specimen that was found in the wooden coffin of the owner means the archaeological context is well known. This did not happen before in the Book of the Dead examples from Saqqara. The text was written in hieratic only on the front side of the papyrus, while the back side was left empty. A wide range of vignettes were inserted into the text and placed in different places. The hieratic handwriting of the papyrus proposed a date for the early Ptolemaic period.

Research paper thumbnail of Graffiti and Rock inscriptions from Ancient Egypt. A companion to Secondary epigraphy

Bibliothèque d’étude 182, 2023