Kristine Haugen | California Institute of Technology (original) (raw)
Books by Kristine Haugen
History of Humanities, 2018
Two outstanding new volumes on 17th-century biblical criticism explore and advance a vital curren... more Two outstanding new volumes on 17th-century biblical criticism explore and advance a vital current question in early modern studies: how we should write the intellectual history of a world permeated by religion.
Bentley was the most famous classical scholar in Europe at a time when this meant a great deal. B... more Bentley was the most famous classical scholar in Europe at a time when this meant a great deal. But he provoked continual controversy by his bold methods and pugnacious personality. In the world of England, both Bentley and his rivals Swift and Pope apparently wished to be known for classical knowledge as much as personal taste. In the international Latin-speaking realm, Bentley faced the universal opinion that no one could equal the great scholars of the Renaissance. If later generations admire Bentley, his career in his own time was uncertain, uncomfortable, and fundamentally experimental.
Papers by Kristine Haugen
![Research paper thumbnail of I. Scriptural Authority and Biblical Criticism in the Dutch Golden Age: God’s Word Questioned [Book Review]. II. Criticism and Confession: The Bible in the Seventeenth-Century Republic of Letters [Book Review]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95220662/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Two outstanding new volumes on the 17th-century criticism of the bible apply a vital and current ... more Two outstanding new volumes on the 17th-century criticism of the bible apply a vital and current question: did scholarly criticism emerge in spite of theology or because of it
Journal of The Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 2012
During the 1470s and 1480s, a Sicilian Jewish convert to Christianity known as Flavius Mithridate... more During the 1470s and 1480s, a Sicilian Jewish convert to Christianity known as Flavius Mithridates made a long tour of the universities of France and Germany. According to a later report by Johann Reuchlin, Mithridates delivered well-attended lectures on a subject that united the new study of Hebrew with the revival of pagan antiquity: the poetic form of biblical Hebrew verse. This topic, in Mithridates's hands, became a variety of comparative literature, for he insisted that he had discovered in the poetic books of the Hebrew Bible-Job, the Psalms, the Lamentations of Jeremiah, and so on-a formal system akin to that of ancient Greek, featuring 'accents' (tonoi), 'quantities' (chronoi), 'breathings' (pneumata), and 'exceptions' (pathemata). But once Mithridates's lectures were over, Reuchlin wrote, his hearers admitted that they had understood nothing he said; in retrospect, they abandoned both the teacher and his doctrines as completely obscure. Mithridates, meanwhile, returned to Italy 'having accumulated a large heap of money'.
Like so many early modern intellectuals, Thomas Lydiat (1572-1646) found himself in prison for a ... more Like so many early modern intellectuals, Thomas Lydiat (1572-1646) found himself in prison for a stretch of years and decided there could be no better place for continuing his scholarly work. This article both explains the chronological arguments Lydiat devised--he presented a new interpretation of the Biblical prophecy of Daniel, which was thought to prove the divinity of Jesus, on the basis of a newly discovered Greek inscription--and argues that his series of writings had the very material purpose of attracting attention and setting him free. Lydiat's story also reveals that at this time individual prisoners remained well respected by their peers, yet the actual experience of prison could seem like a personal stain: in his posthumously published works, Lydiat's imprisonment is never mentioned, and we learn about it only from his original manuscripts in Oxford.
[Introduction]. At last, the history of universities has its Les mots et les choses. In this attr... more [Introduction]. At last, the history of universities has its Les mots et les choses. In this attractive and ambitious book, William Clark presents a story at once broad and focused. His canvas is the German university, from the origins to the nineteenth century; the subject of his portrait is the German professor, who often threatens, like a Quattrocento sitter, to leap out of the frame and confront us in the flesh. The professor, Clark argues, took on a recognizably modern incarnation in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. His intellectual life was now adorned by a publication record, a specialized academic field, and squadrons of emulous students. At the same time, the professor's institutional world changed dramatically. Most visibly at the universities of Gottingen, Halle, and Jena, the state took on a sharply increased authority in academic affairs, chiefly by requiring regular documentation of the professor's teaching and publications. One might have expected the average academic to wither under the conditions of life as a micromanaged civil servant. But the German professoriate flourished, producing the classicists C. G .. Heyne, F. A. Wolf, and Gottfried Hermann, not to mention Kant, Schelling, Hegel, and the orientalist A. W Schlegel. The 'academic charisma' of Clark's title not only suggests the explosive intellectual power of these generations. It also encapsulates the paradox on which Clark's analysis pivots: that the superstar intellectuals of nineteenth-century Germany, who are credited with transforming so many disciplines, rose to fame both by fulfilling their job descriptions and by appearing to exceed them radically.
The Faces of Anonymity: Anonymous and Pseudonymous Publication from the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Century, 2003
Influence of Motion of the Hand on a Swarm of Sticklebacks in an Aquarium 132 40. The Regeneratin... more Influence of Motion of the Hand on a Swarm of Sticklebacks in an Aquarium 132 40. The Regenerating Polyp of Tubularia in Contact with Glass Wall of Aquarium 137 41. Reactions of Chilononas to a Drop of-fa per cent. HC1
[Introduction]. Joseph Scaliger was the most famous humanist in northern Europe after the time of... more [Introduction]. Joseph Scaliger was the most famous humanist in northern Europe after the time of Erasmus. This enormous correspondence will yield major discoveries for many decades, and it will also make some convenient orthodoxies impossible to sustain. We assume, for instance, that humanistic study flourished in private academies, courts, and noble houses, and was all but strangled in its crib in the early modern universities. But Scaliger published erratically while he lived in the retinue of a French gentleman, then moved at the age of 53 to a lucrative professorial chair at Leiden, where he started a period of relentless productivity and compulsive involvement in others’ scholarly projects. As for Scaliger’s personal world, the letters graphically reveal that his brilliance was far from making him solitary. Instead—especially once his position at Leiden attracted the attention of supplicants from across Europe—Scaliger planned other people’s projects for them, admonished them about their progress, sent them notes and contributions of his own, and advised them on the best places to print. In short, not only was Scaliger a great scholar, he was also a collaborator and teacher of tremendous energy. Finally, the letters show that Scaliger’s interests stretched even wider than his well-known publications disclose. This, too, connected him with a series of communities across Europe. Anthony Grafton’s intellectual biography of Scaliger has long been a landmark for understanding both the scholarship of this era and its most extraordinary practitioner. But the new availability of Scaliger’s correspondence will excite fresh generations of inquiry, because the letters can answer virtually inexhaustible questions about the period, limited only by the imagination of the historian.
Archiv für Religionsgeschichte, 2001
The understanding of a person"s environment and "the contexts in which an individual exists, [the... more The understanding of a person"s environment and "the contexts in which an individual exists, [the ecological perspective] incorporates the interactions between the individual, other individuals and the social structure of society…" (Raymore, 2002, p. 41-42). The individual"s culture, ethnicity, community, and the general environment are considered (Raymore, 2002; Scholl, Dieser, & Davison, 2005). Recreation: An activity or experience that is voluntary and does not involve work, the purpose of the experience is for the attainment of personal and/or social gains, these include personal renewal and/or social interaction and accord (Shank & Coyle, 2002). Leisure: The quality of an activity or experience distinguished by the level of satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and perceived freedom a person feels when performing or experiencing the action (Shank & Coyle, 2002).
Notoriously Aristotelian in his poetic theory, linguistics, and natural philosophy, Julius Caesar... more Notoriously Aristotelian in his poetic theory, linguistics, and natural philosophy, Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558) also reimagined the lost love poetry that Aristotle himself was said to have written. Scaliger's New Epigrams of 1533 combine a distinctively humanist view of Aristotle as an elegant polymath with a sustained experiment in refashioning the Petrarchan love lyric. Most visibly in poems about dreams and dreaming, Scaliger educes his speaker's erotic despair from philosophical problems in contemporary Aristotelian accounts of the soul, knowledge, and personal identity. The strange but compelling texts that result form a crossroads for Scaliger's own identities as physician, philosopher, and poet.
For the Sake of Learning, 2016
Part 7 Uses of Historiography 47 Quae vires verbo quod est "classicum" aliis locis aliisque tempo... more Part 7 Uses of Historiography 47 Quae vires verbo quod est "classicum" aliis locis aliisque temporibus subiectae sint quantumque sint eius sensus temporum diuturnitate mutati 845 Salvatore Settis
History of Humanities, 2016
The newest research on the Republic of Letters is short on polite gentlemen and long on cranks, t... more The newest research on the Republic of Letters is short on polite gentlemen and long on cranks, theologians, and professors. A review essay.
The Encyclopedia of British Literature 1660-1789
The Oxford Handbook of Eighteenth-Century Satire, 2019
Alexander Pope’s moralizing satires belong to the Augustan style of free translation. But in one ... more Alexander Pope’s moralizing satires belong to the Augustan style of free translation. But in one crucial respect, Pope acted more like the Latin continental commentators through whom many English readers approached Horace. He studied Horace for concealed philosophical meanings; he often detected danger, especially in Horace’s Epicurean philosophy of pleasure; and through contradiction, misdirection, or silence, Pope guided readers towards a more suitable moral or a seemingly innocuous understanding of what Horace said. This intellectual and supremely ambitious Pope is not the genteel, easily confused poet we know from the scholarship of the middle twentieth century. He does resemble the driven and often duplicitous Pope described by Victorian scholars. Meanwhile, earlier English translators for more than a century had been keenly alive to Horace’s philosophy of pleasure. Pope’s innovation was to intervene even more fully and decisively than earlier humanists or translators as he mas...
Poetry and Enlightenment, 2011
Poetry and Enlightenment, 2011
History of Humanities, 2018
Two outstanding new volumes on 17th-century biblical criticism explore and advance a vital curren... more Two outstanding new volumes on 17th-century biblical criticism explore and advance a vital current question in early modern studies: how we should write the intellectual history of a world permeated by religion.
Bentley was the most famous classical scholar in Europe at a time when this meant a great deal. B... more Bentley was the most famous classical scholar in Europe at a time when this meant a great deal. But he provoked continual controversy by his bold methods and pugnacious personality. In the world of England, both Bentley and his rivals Swift and Pope apparently wished to be known for classical knowledge as much as personal taste. In the international Latin-speaking realm, Bentley faced the universal opinion that no one could equal the great scholars of the Renaissance. If later generations admire Bentley, his career in his own time was uncertain, uncomfortable, and fundamentally experimental.
Two outstanding new volumes on the 17th-century criticism of the bible apply a vital and current ... more Two outstanding new volumes on the 17th-century criticism of the bible apply a vital and current question: did scholarly criticism emerge in spite of theology or because of it
Journal of The Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 2012
During the 1470s and 1480s, a Sicilian Jewish convert to Christianity known as Flavius Mithridate... more During the 1470s and 1480s, a Sicilian Jewish convert to Christianity known as Flavius Mithridates made a long tour of the universities of France and Germany. According to a later report by Johann Reuchlin, Mithridates delivered well-attended lectures on a subject that united the new study of Hebrew with the revival of pagan antiquity: the poetic form of biblical Hebrew verse. This topic, in Mithridates's hands, became a variety of comparative literature, for he insisted that he had discovered in the poetic books of the Hebrew Bible-Job, the Psalms, the Lamentations of Jeremiah, and so on-a formal system akin to that of ancient Greek, featuring 'accents' (tonoi), 'quantities' (chronoi), 'breathings' (pneumata), and 'exceptions' (pathemata). But once Mithridates's lectures were over, Reuchlin wrote, his hearers admitted that they had understood nothing he said; in retrospect, they abandoned both the teacher and his doctrines as completely obscure. Mithridates, meanwhile, returned to Italy 'having accumulated a large heap of money'.
Like so many early modern intellectuals, Thomas Lydiat (1572-1646) found himself in prison for a ... more Like so many early modern intellectuals, Thomas Lydiat (1572-1646) found himself in prison for a stretch of years and decided there could be no better place for continuing his scholarly work. This article both explains the chronological arguments Lydiat devised--he presented a new interpretation of the Biblical prophecy of Daniel, which was thought to prove the divinity of Jesus, on the basis of a newly discovered Greek inscription--and argues that his series of writings had the very material purpose of attracting attention and setting him free. Lydiat's story also reveals that at this time individual prisoners remained well respected by their peers, yet the actual experience of prison could seem like a personal stain: in his posthumously published works, Lydiat's imprisonment is never mentioned, and we learn about it only from his original manuscripts in Oxford.
[Introduction]. At last, the history of universities has its Les mots et les choses. In this attr... more [Introduction]. At last, the history of universities has its Les mots et les choses. In this attractive and ambitious book, William Clark presents a story at once broad and focused. His canvas is the German university, from the origins to the nineteenth century; the subject of his portrait is the German professor, who often threatens, like a Quattrocento sitter, to leap out of the frame and confront us in the flesh. The professor, Clark argues, took on a recognizably modern incarnation in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. His intellectual life was now adorned by a publication record, a specialized academic field, and squadrons of emulous students. At the same time, the professor's institutional world changed dramatically. Most visibly at the universities of Gottingen, Halle, and Jena, the state took on a sharply increased authority in academic affairs, chiefly by requiring regular documentation of the professor's teaching and publications. One might have expected the average academic to wither under the conditions of life as a micromanaged civil servant. But the German professoriate flourished, producing the classicists C. G .. Heyne, F. A. Wolf, and Gottfried Hermann, not to mention Kant, Schelling, Hegel, and the orientalist A. W Schlegel. The 'academic charisma' of Clark's title not only suggests the explosive intellectual power of these generations. It also encapsulates the paradox on which Clark's analysis pivots: that the superstar intellectuals of nineteenth-century Germany, who are credited with transforming so many disciplines, rose to fame both by fulfilling their job descriptions and by appearing to exceed them radically.
The Faces of Anonymity: Anonymous and Pseudonymous Publication from the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Century, 2003
Influence of Motion of the Hand on a Swarm of Sticklebacks in an Aquarium 132 40. The Regeneratin... more Influence of Motion of the Hand on a Swarm of Sticklebacks in an Aquarium 132 40. The Regenerating Polyp of Tubularia in Contact with Glass Wall of Aquarium 137 41. Reactions of Chilononas to a Drop of-fa per cent. HC1
[Introduction]. Joseph Scaliger was the most famous humanist in northern Europe after the time of... more [Introduction]. Joseph Scaliger was the most famous humanist in northern Europe after the time of Erasmus. This enormous correspondence will yield major discoveries for many decades, and it will also make some convenient orthodoxies impossible to sustain. We assume, for instance, that humanistic study flourished in private academies, courts, and noble houses, and was all but strangled in its crib in the early modern universities. But Scaliger published erratically while he lived in the retinue of a French gentleman, then moved at the age of 53 to a lucrative professorial chair at Leiden, where he started a period of relentless productivity and compulsive involvement in others’ scholarly projects. As for Scaliger’s personal world, the letters graphically reveal that his brilliance was far from making him solitary. Instead—especially once his position at Leiden attracted the attention of supplicants from across Europe—Scaliger planned other people’s projects for them, admonished them about their progress, sent them notes and contributions of his own, and advised them on the best places to print. In short, not only was Scaliger a great scholar, he was also a collaborator and teacher of tremendous energy. Finally, the letters show that Scaliger’s interests stretched even wider than his well-known publications disclose. This, too, connected him with a series of communities across Europe. Anthony Grafton’s intellectual biography of Scaliger has long been a landmark for understanding both the scholarship of this era and its most extraordinary practitioner. But the new availability of Scaliger’s correspondence will excite fresh generations of inquiry, because the letters can answer virtually inexhaustible questions about the period, limited only by the imagination of the historian.
Archiv für Religionsgeschichte, 2001
The understanding of a person"s environment and "the contexts in which an individual exists, [the... more The understanding of a person"s environment and "the contexts in which an individual exists, [the ecological perspective] incorporates the interactions between the individual, other individuals and the social structure of society…" (Raymore, 2002, p. 41-42). The individual"s culture, ethnicity, community, and the general environment are considered (Raymore, 2002; Scholl, Dieser, & Davison, 2005). Recreation: An activity or experience that is voluntary and does not involve work, the purpose of the experience is for the attainment of personal and/or social gains, these include personal renewal and/or social interaction and accord (Shank & Coyle, 2002). Leisure: The quality of an activity or experience distinguished by the level of satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and perceived freedom a person feels when performing or experiencing the action (Shank & Coyle, 2002).
Notoriously Aristotelian in his poetic theory, linguistics, and natural philosophy, Julius Caesar... more Notoriously Aristotelian in his poetic theory, linguistics, and natural philosophy, Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558) also reimagined the lost love poetry that Aristotle himself was said to have written. Scaliger's New Epigrams of 1533 combine a distinctively humanist view of Aristotle as an elegant polymath with a sustained experiment in refashioning the Petrarchan love lyric. Most visibly in poems about dreams and dreaming, Scaliger educes his speaker's erotic despair from philosophical problems in contemporary Aristotelian accounts of the soul, knowledge, and personal identity. The strange but compelling texts that result form a crossroads for Scaliger's own identities as physician, philosopher, and poet.
For the Sake of Learning, 2016
Part 7 Uses of Historiography 47 Quae vires verbo quod est "classicum" aliis locis aliisque tempo... more Part 7 Uses of Historiography 47 Quae vires verbo quod est "classicum" aliis locis aliisque temporibus subiectae sint quantumque sint eius sensus temporum diuturnitate mutati 845 Salvatore Settis
History of Humanities, 2016
The newest research on the Republic of Letters is short on polite gentlemen and long on cranks, t... more The newest research on the Republic of Letters is short on polite gentlemen and long on cranks, theologians, and professors. A review essay.
The Encyclopedia of British Literature 1660-1789
The Oxford Handbook of Eighteenth-Century Satire, 2019
Alexander Pope’s moralizing satires belong to the Augustan style of free translation. But in one ... more Alexander Pope’s moralizing satires belong to the Augustan style of free translation. But in one crucial respect, Pope acted more like the Latin continental commentators through whom many English readers approached Horace. He studied Horace for concealed philosophical meanings; he often detected danger, especially in Horace’s Epicurean philosophy of pleasure; and through contradiction, misdirection, or silence, Pope guided readers towards a more suitable moral or a seemingly innocuous understanding of what Horace said. This intellectual and supremely ambitious Pope is not the genteel, easily confused poet we know from the scholarship of the middle twentieth century. He does resemble the driven and often duplicitous Pope described by Victorian scholars. Meanwhile, earlier English translators for more than a century had been keenly alive to Horace’s philosophy of pleasure. Pope’s innovation was to intervene even more fully and decisively than earlier humanists or translators as he mas...
Poetry and Enlightenment, 2011
Poetry and Enlightenment, 2011
Poetry and Enlightenment, 2011
Poetry and Enlightenment, 2011