Sy Giin Chong | Cardiff University (original) (raw)

Papers by Sy Giin Chong

B38. CAN WE IMPROVE QUALITY AND REDUCE COST OF CARE?, 2011

Archivos de Bronconeumología, 2014

Archivos de Bronconeumología, 2012

Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology, 2021

Annex 2 Country profiles FOR 30 HIGH TB BURDEN COUNTRIES 20 high TB burden countries based on abs... more Annex 2 Country profiles FOR 30 HIGH TB BURDEN COUNTRIES 20 high TB burden countries based on absolute number of incident cases 10 high TB burden countries based on severity of disease burden (incidence per capita) Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR/RR-TB burden are produced by WHO in consultation with countries. a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals. b MDR is TB resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid; RR is TB resistant to rifampicin. c Calculated for pulmonary cases only. d Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history. e Includes patients diagnosed before 2018 and patients who were not laboratoryconfirmed. Data for all countries and years can be downloaded from www.who.int/tb/data Angola POPULATION 2018 31 MILLION ESTIMATES OF TB BURDEN, a 2018 NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population) Total TB incidence 109 (71-156) 355 (230-507) HIV-positive TB incidence 11 (6.8-15) 34 (22-49) MDR/RR-TB incidence b 3.9 (1.7-7.1) 13 (5.4-23) HIV-negative TB mortality 19 (11-28) 60 (36-91) HIV-positive TB mortality 3.7 (2.4-5.3) 12 (7.9-17) ESTIMATED PROPORTION OF TB CASES WITH MDR/RR-TB, 2018 New cases 2.4% (1.1-4.2) Previously treated cases 15% (11-19) Data for all countries and years can be downloaded from www.who.int/tb/data Bangladesh POPULATION 2018 161 MILLION ESTIMATES OF TB BURDEN, a 2018 NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population) Total TB incidence 357 (260-469) 221 (161-291) HIV-positive TB incidence 0.73 (0.36-1.2) 0.45 (0.23-0.76) MDR/RR-TB incidence b 5.9 (3.2-9.6) 3.7 (2-5.9) HIV-negative TB mortality 47 (30-67) 29 (18-42) HIV-positive TB mortality 0.19 (0.094-0.32) 0.12 (0.06-0.2) ESTIMATED PROPORTION OF TB CASES WITH MDR/RR-TB, 2018 New cases 1.5% (0.9-2.3) Previously treated cases 4.9% (3-7.9) Patients started on treatment d,e MDR/RR-TB: 1 147, XDR-TB: 6 MDR/RR-TB cases tested for resistance to second-line drugs 853 TREATMENT SUCCESS RATE AND COHORT SIZE SUCCESS COHORT New and relapse cases registered in 2017 94% 242 640 Previously treated cases, excluding relapse, registered in 2017 86% 1 561 HIV-positive TB cases registered in 2017 67% 89 MDR/RR-TB cases started on second-line treatment in 2016 78% 918 XDR-TB cases started on second-line treatment in 2016 63% 8 TB PREVENTIVE TREATMENT, 2018 % of HIV-positive people (newly enrolled in care) on preventive treatment % of children (aged <5) household contacts of bacteriologically confirmed TB cases on preventive treatment 43% (40-47)

The European respiratory journal, Mar 10, 2022

RationaleProgressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD) is characterised by progressive... more RationaleProgressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD) is characterised by progressive physiologic, symptomatic, and/or radiographic worsening. The real-world prevalence and characteristics of PF-ILD remain uncertain.MethodsPatients were enrolled from the Canadian Registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis between 2015–2020. PF-ILD was defined as a relative forced vital capacity (FVC) decline ≥10%, death, lung transplantation, or any 2 of: relative FVC decline ≥5 and &lt;10%, worsening respiratory symptoms, or worsening fibrosis on computed tomography of the chest, all within 24 months of diagnosis. Time-to-event analysis compared progression between key diagnostic subgroups. Characteristics associated with progression were determined by multivariable regression.ResultsOf 2746 patients with fibrotic ILD (mean age 65±12 years, 51% female), 1376 (50%) met PF-ILD criteria in the first 24 months of follow-up. PF-ILD occurred in 427 (59%) patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), 125 (58%) with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), 281 (51%) with unclassifiable ILD (U-ILD), and 402 (45%) with connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD). Compared to IPF, time to progression was similar in patients with HP (hazard ratio [HR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.79–1.17), but was delayed in patients with U-ILD (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71–0.96) and CTD-ILD (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.56–0.74). Background treatment varied across diagnostic subtypes with 66% of IPF patients receiving antifibrotic therapy, while immunomodulatory therapy was utilised in 49%, 61%, and 37% of patients with CHP, CTD-ILD, and U-ILD respectively. Increasing age, male sex, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and lower baseline pulmonary function were independently associated with progression.InterpretationProgression is common in patients with fibrotic ILD, and is similarly prevalent in HP and IPF. Routinely collected variables help identify patients at risk for progression and may guide therapeutic strategies.

B38. CAN WE IMPROVE QUALITY AND REDUCE COST OF CARE?, 2011

Archivos de Bronconeumología, 2014

Archivos de Bronconeumología, 2012

Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology, 2021

Annex 2 Country profiles FOR 30 HIGH TB BURDEN COUNTRIES 20 high TB burden countries based on abs... more Annex 2 Country profiles FOR 30 HIGH TB BURDEN COUNTRIES 20 high TB burden countries based on absolute number of incident cases 10 high TB burden countries based on severity of disease burden (incidence per capita) Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR/RR-TB burden are produced by WHO in consultation with countries. a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals. b MDR is TB resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid; RR is TB resistant to rifampicin. c Calculated for pulmonary cases only. d Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history. e Includes patients diagnosed before 2018 and patients who were not laboratoryconfirmed. Data for all countries and years can be downloaded from www.who.int/tb/data Angola POPULATION 2018 31 MILLION ESTIMATES OF TB BURDEN, a 2018 NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population) Total TB incidence 109 (71-156) 355 (230-507) HIV-positive TB incidence 11 (6.8-15) 34 (22-49) MDR/RR-TB incidence b 3.9 (1.7-7.1) 13 (5.4-23) HIV-negative TB mortality 19 (11-28) 60 (36-91) HIV-positive TB mortality 3.7 (2.4-5.3) 12 (7.9-17) ESTIMATED PROPORTION OF TB CASES WITH MDR/RR-TB, 2018 New cases 2.4% (1.1-4.2) Previously treated cases 15% (11-19) Data for all countries and years can be downloaded from www.who.int/tb/data Bangladesh POPULATION 2018 161 MILLION ESTIMATES OF TB BURDEN, a 2018 NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population) Total TB incidence 357 (260-469) 221 (161-291) HIV-positive TB incidence 0.73 (0.36-1.2) 0.45 (0.23-0.76) MDR/RR-TB incidence b 5.9 (3.2-9.6) 3.7 (2-5.9) HIV-negative TB mortality 47 (30-67) 29 (18-42) HIV-positive TB mortality 0.19 (0.094-0.32) 0.12 (0.06-0.2) ESTIMATED PROPORTION OF TB CASES WITH MDR/RR-TB, 2018 New cases 1.5% (0.9-2.3) Previously treated cases 4.9% (3-7.9) Patients started on treatment d,e MDR/RR-TB: 1 147, XDR-TB: 6 MDR/RR-TB cases tested for resistance to second-line drugs 853 TREATMENT SUCCESS RATE AND COHORT SIZE SUCCESS COHORT New and relapse cases registered in 2017 94% 242 640 Previously treated cases, excluding relapse, registered in 2017 86% 1 561 HIV-positive TB cases registered in 2017 67% 89 MDR/RR-TB cases started on second-line treatment in 2016 78% 918 XDR-TB cases started on second-line treatment in 2016 63% 8 TB PREVENTIVE TREATMENT, 2018 % of HIV-positive people (newly enrolled in care) on preventive treatment % of children (aged <5) household contacts of bacteriologically confirmed TB cases on preventive treatment 43% (40-47)

The European respiratory journal, Mar 10, 2022

RationaleProgressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD) is characterised by progressive... more RationaleProgressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD) is characterised by progressive physiologic, symptomatic, and/or radiographic worsening. The real-world prevalence and characteristics of PF-ILD remain uncertain.MethodsPatients were enrolled from the Canadian Registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis between 2015–2020. PF-ILD was defined as a relative forced vital capacity (FVC) decline ≥10%, death, lung transplantation, or any 2 of: relative FVC decline ≥5 and &lt;10%, worsening respiratory symptoms, or worsening fibrosis on computed tomography of the chest, all within 24 months of diagnosis. Time-to-event analysis compared progression between key diagnostic subgroups. Characteristics associated with progression were determined by multivariable regression.ResultsOf 2746 patients with fibrotic ILD (mean age 65±12 years, 51% female), 1376 (50%) met PF-ILD criteria in the first 24 months of follow-up. PF-ILD occurred in 427 (59%) patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), 125 (58%) with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), 281 (51%) with unclassifiable ILD (U-ILD), and 402 (45%) with connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD). Compared to IPF, time to progression was similar in patients with HP (hazard ratio [HR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.79–1.17), but was delayed in patients with U-ILD (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71–0.96) and CTD-ILD (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.56–0.74). Background treatment varied across diagnostic subtypes with 66% of IPF patients receiving antifibrotic therapy, while immunomodulatory therapy was utilised in 49%, 61%, and 37% of patients with CHP, CTD-ILD, and U-ILD respectively. Increasing age, male sex, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and lower baseline pulmonary function were independently associated with progression.InterpretationProgression is common in patients with fibrotic ILD, and is similarly prevalent in HP and IPF. Routinely collected variables help identify patients at risk for progression and may guide therapeutic strategies.