mamta dilbaghi | CCS HAU, Hisar (original) (raw)
Papers by mamta dilbaghi
Introduction Dung is acknowledged as a resource in rural scenario. Cattle dung has a significant ... more Introduction Dung is acknowledged as a resource in rural scenario. Cattle dung has a significant place in everyday life in rural North India, thus is managed daily. Dung collection is considered as exclusively women's work. For women there are no developed countries. This statement implies undoubtedly to Haryana woman as she starts her day even before sun rises with cleaning of cattle-shed i.e. collecting and fetching of cattle dung and the same activity is done in the evening too where she spends a lot of time daily. Studies show that women spend 1-5 hours per day for collecting bio-fuels i.e. firewood, dung, agri waste etc (Mahadevia and Shukla 1997). Specifically, on an average a woman spends 89.42 min for collecting dung per day (Bose 1993). Moreover she has to travel a long distance for its disposal carrying heavier loads as head load. Longer treks and heavy head loads put undue strain on the woman's health. Making dung-cakes can take up to two hours a day, depending on...
Abstract- The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards ... more Abstract- The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards in threshing operation. Four different protective masks were given and tested on various parameters. Respondents reported respiratory health problems which were mainly due to heat and organic dust in the surroundings. All respondents reported irritation in eyes and throat followed by nose (85.0%) and ears (75.0%). Musculoskeletal problems were reported showing severe to very severe discomfort in lower arms (m.s.=3.8), upper back (3.6) and upper arms (3.4). Overall discomfort score (ODS) was 7.6 depicting high level of discomfort. Peak expiratory flow rate was reduced by 6.6 % depicting reduced capacity of lungs after day long work in polluted environment. Hood mask was highly acceptable as it showed lowest breathing resistance. Leakage of dust from sides and rate of sweating was medium. Hence, use of hood mask would be helpful to achieve the ergonomics objective of reducing health proble...
Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2008
Wheat harvesting is one of the important farm activity predominantly performed by rural women in ... more Wheat harvesting is one of the important farm activity predominantly performed by rural women in Haryana. During harvesting season, they spend nearly 8–9 h daily to perform the activity. The aim of present study was to evaluate the performance of improved sickle over conventional sickle in terms of output and reduced drudgery. Experiment was conducted on 20 rural women aging 25–45 years of age with four sickles comprising one conventional sickle (S0) and three improved sickles viz., S1, S2 and S3. S0 sickle was the heaviest measuring 234 g followed by S2 (217 g) and S3 (198 g). S1 sickle was the lightest in weight (186 g). Blades of all the improved sickles were made up of high carbon steel except for conventional sickle that was made up of iron. In terms of physical fitness index, two-fifth of the respondents had high average PFI whereas 40% had good PFI. Output was found maximum for S2 sickle (64.9 kg). S2 sickle resulted 4.8% more out put over conventional sickle resulting 16.4% ...
In rain fed areas of Haryana, farmers do harvesting of bajra (pearl millet) by cutting its ear he... more In rain fed areas of Haryana, farmers do harvesting of bajra (pearl millet) by cutting its ear heads first from standing crop, followed by cutting of remaining plant later being used as animal fodder for longer duration. These cobs are then collected in a bag hanging on their shoulders and back that causes undue stress on the worker. This activity is primarily performed by farm women which is one of the tedious activities where she adopts unnatural body postures. Field experiment was conducted for 30 minutes on a sample of 30 farm women respondents. On an average, 24 kg of bajra cobs were cut observing average working heart rate of 118 bpm over the resting heart rate (80 bpm) consuming 10 kJ/min of energy and assessing 58 bpm as physiological cost of work. There was 47.5% increase in physiological stress on the women making the bajra cobs cutting a moderately heavy activity. Women reported maximum discomfort at fingers, shoulder joints, upper back, mid back and upper arms. There is ...
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019
Entrepreneurs may be defined as a person responsible for setting up a business or an enterprise. ... more Entrepreneurs may be defined as a person responsible for setting up a business or an enterprise. He has the initiative, skill for innovation and who looks for high achievements. He is a catalytic agent of change and works for the good of people. He puts up new green field projects that create wealth, open up many employment opportunities and leads to growth of other sectors. Bead making is one of the small-scale entrepreneurs practiced in Northern western part of Haryana. Mangali, a little known village 12 km from Hisar in Haryana, where work goes on at a feverish pace from dawn to dusk in more than 100 units, producing wooden beads for rosaries for the domestic as well as the export markets. A bead is a small, decorative object that is formed in a variety of shapes and sizes of a material such as stone, bone, shell, glass, plastic, wood or pearl and with a small hole for threading or stringing. Beads range in size from under 1 millimetre (0.039 in) to over 1 centimetre (0.39 in) in...
Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has... more Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has been established as one of the drudgery prone occupation of unorganized sector due to lack of access to improved agricultural technologies. The present study was planned to assess intervention of drudgery reducing technologies in agriculture and its impact evaluation. The drudgery areas/activities in agriculture were identified. Participatory field level skill training for proper use of the ergonomically improved farm technologies were given to men and women in separate groups. An intervention package consisting of improved sickle, wheel hand hoe, capron, cot bag and protective gloves was introduced in village Shahpur. Data were collected to quantify the impact of intervention on the level of drudgery of worker before and after the technology intervention from sample of 30 respondents (15 male and 15 female) selected randomly from village Shahpur. Gain in knowledge and change in awarene...
Surveys were carried out in the villages of Haryana between 1997 and 2000 to record the activity ... more Surveys were carried out in the villages of Haryana between 1997 and 2000 to record the activity profiles of farmwomen in the state. Multistage random sampling was used to select the districts, villages and farm families for the study. In all 900 families were surveyed. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Home Science Unit provided the instruments for the survey. It was observed in the study that the leisure activities of the farmwomen did not coincide with orthodox definition of leisure. The farmwomen obtained much of their leisure through chatting with their friends and relatives for which they seldom used genuinely free time. Also, they derived feelings of satisfaction and relaxation through preparing special dishes for their family members, making handicraft items by doing embroidery, crocheting, knitting and weaving. Gardening and marketing were the necessary activities in the farm families, but the farmwomen extracted leisure experiences by performing these activ...
Studies on Home and Community Science, 2014
The study was undertaken to determine the drudgery of women with the objective of assessing biome... more The study was undertaken to determine the drudgery of women with the objective of assessing biomechanical and physiological stress while performing wheat harvesting. The field experiment was carried out on 20 women falling in two age groups, viz. 25-35 and 35-45 years. Average heart rate of the women of both age groups increased as the activity proceeded towards the evening. Average heart rate of women of lower age group was 115.9 bpm in the morning and 120.8 bpm in the evening. For the older age group, corresponding figures were 127.2 bpm and 132.7 bpm respectively. The classification of workload on the basis of average and peak heart rate, wheat harvesting activity was graded as moderately heavy to heavy period after activity Almost all the women reported severe to moderate discomfort in lower back (mean score 4.7), knees (3.8), buttocks (2.3) upper back (1.8), ankle knees (3.8), feet (1.7) and neck (1.5).
World Leisure Journal, 2007
Studies on Home and Community Science
Work (Reading, Mass.), 2012
The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards in threshi... more The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards in threshing operation. Four different protective masks were given and tested on various parameters. Respondents reported respiratory health problems which were mainly due to heat and organic dust in the surroundings. All respondents reported irritation in eyes and throat followed by nose (85.0%) and ears (75.0%). Musculo-skeletal problems were reported showing severe to very severe discomfort in lower arms (m.s. = 3.8), upper back (3.6) and upper arms (3.4). Overall discomfort score (ODS) was 7.6 depicting high level of discomfort. Peak expiratory flow rate was reduced by 6.6 % depicting reduced capacity of lungs after day long work in polluted environment. Hood mask was highly acceptable as it showed lowest breathing resistance. Leakage of dust from sides and rate of sweating was medium. Hence, use of hood mask would be helpful to achieve the ergonomics objective of reducing health problems and ...
Work: A Journal of Prevention, …, 2012
Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has... more Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has been established as one of the drudgery prone occupation of unorganized sector due to lack of access to improved agricultural technologies. The present study was planned to assess intervention of drudgery reducing technologies in agriculture and its impact evaluation. The drudgery areas/activities in agriculture were identified. Participatory field level skill training for proper use of the ergonomically improved farm technologies were given to men and women in separate groups. An intervention package consisting of improved sickle, wheel hand hoe, capron, cot bag and protective gloves was introduced in village Shahpur. Data were collected to quantify the impact of intervention on the level of drudgery of worker before and after the technology intervention from sample of 30 respondents (15 male and 15 female) selected randomly from village Shahpur. Gain in knowledge and change in awareness level were calculated after the training.Evaluation of field validation of technology on drudgery of men & women was done after its use in the field conditions. A significant gain in awareness was observed among both men(2.6) & women (3.0) whereas the gain in knowledge was more among men (6.6) than women (4.5). In evaluation of field validation of technology on drudgery it was found that all the five technologies reduced the drudgery of men as well as women. However wheel hand hoe was used successfully by men in comparison to women who preferred to use their conventional technology i.e improved long-handled hoe. Evaluation of validation trials of the technologies reported that improved sickle was used successfully by both men & women farmers. More than half of the men farmers (53.3%) & only 13.3 percent women farmers preferred the wheel hand hoe over the traditional one as they found it four times more efficient in terms of time, energy & money saving. Cot bag was preferred by the entire sample. Capron was preferred by four-fifth of the men farmers (80.0%) whereas women farmers did not prefer it much. Only one third of men (33.3%) & 26.7 percent of women farmers preferred using gloves while harvesting of guar & picking of cotton.
Introduction Dung is acknowledged as a resource in rural scenario. Cattle dung has a significant ... more Introduction Dung is acknowledged as a resource in rural scenario. Cattle dung has a significant place in everyday life in rural North India, thus is managed daily. Dung collection is considered as exclusively women's work. For women there are no developed countries. This statement implies undoubtedly to Haryana woman as she starts her day even before sun rises with cleaning of cattle-shed i.e. collecting and fetching of cattle dung and the same activity is done in the evening too where she spends a lot of time daily. Studies show that women spend 1-5 hours per day for collecting bio-fuels i.e. firewood, dung, agri waste etc (Mahadevia and Shukla 1997). Specifically, on an average a woman spends 89.42 min for collecting dung per day (Bose 1993). Moreover she has to travel a long distance for its disposal carrying heavier loads as head load. Longer treks and heavy head loads put undue strain on the woman's health. Making dung-cakes can take up to two hours a day, depending on...
Abstract- The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards ... more Abstract- The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards in threshing operation. Four different protective masks were given and tested on various parameters. Respondents reported respiratory health problems which were mainly due to heat and organic dust in the surroundings. All respondents reported irritation in eyes and throat followed by nose (85.0%) and ears (75.0%). Musculoskeletal problems were reported showing severe to very severe discomfort in lower arms (m.s.=3.8), upper back (3.6) and upper arms (3.4). Overall discomfort score (ODS) was 7.6 depicting high level of discomfort. Peak expiratory flow rate was reduced by 6.6 % depicting reduced capacity of lungs after day long work in polluted environment. Hood mask was highly acceptable as it showed lowest breathing resistance. Leakage of dust from sides and rate of sweating was medium. Hence, use of hood mask would be helpful to achieve the ergonomics objective of reducing health proble...
Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2008
Wheat harvesting is one of the important farm activity predominantly performed by rural women in ... more Wheat harvesting is one of the important farm activity predominantly performed by rural women in Haryana. During harvesting season, they spend nearly 8–9 h daily to perform the activity. The aim of present study was to evaluate the performance of improved sickle over conventional sickle in terms of output and reduced drudgery. Experiment was conducted on 20 rural women aging 25–45 years of age with four sickles comprising one conventional sickle (S0) and three improved sickles viz., S1, S2 and S3. S0 sickle was the heaviest measuring 234 g followed by S2 (217 g) and S3 (198 g). S1 sickle was the lightest in weight (186 g). Blades of all the improved sickles were made up of high carbon steel except for conventional sickle that was made up of iron. In terms of physical fitness index, two-fifth of the respondents had high average PFI whereas 40% had good PFI. Output was found maximum for S2 sickle (64.9 kg). S2 sickle resulted 4.8% more out put over conventional sickle resulting 16.4% ...
In rain fed areas of Haryana, farmers do harvesting of bajra (pearl millet) by cutting its ear he... more In rain fed areas of Haryana, farmers do harvesting of bajra (pearl millet) by cutting its ear heads first from standing crop, followed by cutting of remaining plant later being used as animal fodder for longer duration. These cobs are then collected in a bag hanging on their shoulders and back that causes undue stress on the worker. This activity is primarily performed by farm women which is one of the tedious activities where she adopts unnatural body postures. Field experiment was conducted for 30 minutes on a sample of 30 farm women respondents. On an average, 24 kg of bajra cobs were cut observing average working heart rate of 118 bpm over the resting heart rate (80 bpm) consuming 10 kJ/min of energy and assessing 58 bpm as physiological cost of work. There was 47.5% increase in physiological stress on the women making the bajra cobs cutting a moderately heavy activity. Women reported maximum discomfort at fingers, shoulder joints, upper back, mid back and upper arms. There is ...
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019
Entrepreneurs may be defined as a person responsible for setting up a business or an enterprise. ... more Entrepreneurs may be defined as a person responsible for setting up a business or an enterprise. He has the initiative, skill for innovation and who looks for high achievements. He is a catalytic agent of change and works for the good of people. He puts up new green field projects that create wealth, open up many employment opportunities and leads to growth of other sectors. Bead making is one of the small-scale entrepreneurs practiced in Northern western part of Haryana. Mangali, a little known village 12 km from Hisar in Haryana, where work goes on at a feverish pace from dawn to dusk in more than 100 units, producing wooden beads for rosaries for the domestic as well as the export markets. A bead is a small, decorative object that is formed in a variety of shapes and sizes of a material such as stone, bone, shell, glass, plastic, wood or pearl and with a small hole for threading or stringing. Beads range in size from under 1 millimetre (0.039 in) to over 1 centimetre (0.39 in) in...
Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has... more Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has been established as one of the drudgery prone occupation of unorganized sector due to lack of access to improved agricultural technologies. The present study was planned to assess intervention of drudgery reducing technologies in agriculture and its impact evaluation. The drudgery areas/activities in agriculture were identified. Participatory field level skill training for proper use of the ergonomically improved farm technologies were given to men and women in separate groups. An intervention package consisting of improved sickle, wheel hand hoe, capron, cot bag and protective gloves was introduced in village Shahpur. Data were collected to quantify the impact of intervention on the level of drudgery of worker before and after the technology intervention from sample of 30 respondents (15 male and 15 female) selected randomly from village Shahpur. Gain in knowledge and change in awarene...
Surveys were carried out in the villages of Haryana between 1997 and 2000 to record the activity ... more Surveys were carried out in the villages of Haryana between 1997 and 2000 to record the activity profiles of farmwomen in the state. Multistage random sampling was used to select the districts, villages and farm families for the study. In all 900 families were surveyed. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Home Science Unit provided the instruments for the survey. It was observed in the study that the leisure activities of the farmwomen did not coincide with orthodox definition of leisure. The farmwomen obtained much of their leisure through chatting with their friends and relatives for which they seldom used genuinely free time. Also, they derived feelings of satisfaction and relaxation through preparing special dishes for their family members, making handicraft items by doing embroidery, crocheting, knitting and weaving. Gardening and marketing were the necessary activities in the farm families, but the farmwomen extracted leisure experiences by performing these activ...
Studies on Home and Community Science, 2014
The study was undertaken to determine the drudgery of women with the objective of assessing biome... more The study was undertaken to determine the drudgery of women with the objective of assessing biomechanical and physiological stress while performing wheat harvesting. The field experiment was carried out on 20 women falling in two age groups, viz. 25-35 and 35-45 years. Average heart rate of the women of both age groups increased as the activity proceeded towards the evening. Average heart rate of women of lower age group was 115.9 bpm in the morning and 120.8 bpm in the evening. For the older age group, corresponding figures were 127.2 bpm and 132.7 bpm respectively. The classification of workload on the basis of average and peak heart rate, wheat harvesting activity was graded as moderately heavy to heavy period after activity Almost all the women reported severe to moderate discomfort in lower back (mean score 4.7), knees (3.8), buttocks (2.3) upper back (1.8), ankle knees (3.8), feet (1.7) and neck (1.5).
World Leisure Journal, 2007
Studies on Home and Community Science
Work (Reading, Mass.), 2012
The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards in threshi... more The study was conducted on 20 farm workers to identify the occupational health hazards in threshing operation. Four different protective masks were given and tested on various parameters. Respondents reported respiratory health problems which were mainly due to heat and organic dust in the surroundings. All respondents reported irritation in eyes and throat followed by nose (85.0%) and ears (75.0%). Musculo-skeletal problems were reported showing severe to very severe discomfort in lower arms (m.s. = 3.8), upper back (3.6) and upper arms (3.4). Overall discomfort score (ODS) was 7.6 depicting high level of discomfort. Peak expiratory flow rate was reduced by 6.6 % depicting reduced capacity of lungs after day long work in polluted environment. Hood mask was highly acceptable as it showed lowest breathing resistance. Leakage of dust from sides and rate of sweating was medium. Hence, use of hood mask would be helpful to achieve the ergonomics objective of reducing health problems and ...
Work: A Journal of Prevention, …, 2012
Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has... more Agriculture is main source of livelihood for majority of the population in India. Agriculture has been established as one of the drudgery prone occupation of unorganized sector due to lack of access to improved agricultural technologies. The present study was planned to assess intervention of drudgery reducing technologies in agriculture and its impact evaluation. The drudgery areas/activities in agriculture were identified. Participatory field level skill training for proper use of the ergonomically improved farm technologies were given to men and women in separate groups. An intervention package consisting of improved sickle, wheel hand hoe, capron, cot bag and protective gloves was introduced in village Shahpur. Data were collected to quantify the impact of intervention on the level of drudgery of worker before and after the technology intervention from sample of 30 respondents (15 male and 15 female) selected randomly from village Shahpur. Gain in knowledge and change in awareness level were calculated after the training.Evaluation of field validation of technology on drudgery of men & women was done after its use in the field conditions. A significant gain in awareness was observed among both men(2.6) & women (3.0) whereas the gain in knowledge was more among men (6.6) than women (4.5). In evaluation of field validation of technology on drudgery it was found that all the five technologies reduced the drudgery of men as well as women. However wheel hand hoe was used successfully by men in comparison to women who preferred to use their conventional technology i.e improved long-handled hoe. Evaluation of validation trials of the technologies reported that improved sickle was used successfully by both men & women farmers. More than half of the men farmers (53.3%) & only 13.3 percent women farmers preferred the wheel hand hoe over the traditional one as they found it four times more efficient in terms of time, energy & money saving. Cot bag was preferred by the entire sample. Capron was preferred by four-fifth of the men farmers (80.0%) whereas women farmers did not prefer it much. Only one third of men (33.3%) & 26.7 percent of women farmers preferred using gloves while harvesting of guar & picking of cotton.