Paul Eke | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (original) (raw)

Papers by Paul Eke

Research paper thumbnail of Estimates of Economic Stability Among Adults with and Without COPD - 16 States, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis in US Adults

Journal of the American Dental Association, Jul 1, 2018

Background.This report presents weighted average estimates of the prevalence of periodontitis in ... more Background.This report presents weighted average estimates of the prevalence of periodontitis in the adult US population during the 6 years 2009–2014 and highlights key findings of a national periodontitis surveillance project.Methods.Estimates were derived for dentate adults 30 years or older from the civilian noninstitutionalized population whose periodontitis status was assessed by means of a full-mouth periodontal examination at 6 sites per tooth on all non–third molar teeth. Results are reported according to a standard format by applying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology periodontitis case definitions for surveillance, as well as various thresholds of clinical attachment loss and periodontal probing depth.Results.An estimated 42% of dentate US adults 30 years or older had periodontitis, with 7.8% having severe periodontitis. Overall, 3.3% of all periodontally probed sites (9.1% of all teeth) had periodontal probing depth of 4 millimeters or greater, and 19.0% of sites (37.1% of teeth) had clinical attachment loss of 3 mm or greater. Severe periodontitis was most prevalent among adults 65 years or older, Mexican Americans, non-Hispanic blacks, and smokers.Conclusions.This nationally representative study shows that periodontitis is a highly prevalent oral disease among US adults.Practical Implications.Dental practitioners should be aware of the high prevalence of periodontitis in US adults and may provide preventive care and counselling for periodontitis. General dentists who encounter patients with periodontitis may refer these patients to see a periodontist for specialty care.

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontal disease in non human primates ii microbiological studies

Research paper thumbnail of Transferable antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary-tract infections: hospital v. community patients

PubMed, Mar 1, 1984

In order to study the prevalence of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in E. coli causing uri... more In order to study the prevalence of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in E. coli causing urinary-tract infections (UTI) specimens of urine were obtained, from a total of 125 hospital and community patients, and examined bacteriologically and analysed. Thirty-nine (80%) of forty-nine, and thirty-three (65%) of fifty-one hospital and community patients respectively were infected by multiple resistant E. coli. Of these multiple-resistant strains more than three-quarters carried transferable R-plasmids. Antibiotic resistance was transferred en bloc or singly to known sensitive recipient mainly by conjugation by a technique that ensured cell-to-cell contact. Resistance markers in both the donor and the transcipient strains were eliminated by treatment with aminoacridine dyes and ethidium bromide. The result emphasises the need for bacteriological diagnosis of UTI and sensitivity testing prior to antibiotic therapy.

Research paper thumbnail of TABLE 31.6, Crude and Age-Standardized Prevalence of Any Root Fragments Among Adults Age ≥30 Years, by Diabetes Status, Glycemic Control Status, and Other Characteristics, U.S., 2009–2012

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical and microbiological observations of early polytetrafluoroethylene membrane exposure in guided bone regeneration. Case reports in primates

Journal of Periodontology, Mar 1, 1996

Premature membrane exposure at one week is described in 3 Macaca mulatta monkeys as part of a seq... more Premature membrane exposure at one week is described in 3 Macaca mulatta monkeys as part of a sequence of experiments on guided bone regeneration. Clinical sequelae include redness, edema, and tissue slough. Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Prevotella intermedia, and Staphylococcus intermedius were detected at all prematurely exposed sites. Pseudomonas maltophilia, Strepi, pneumoniae, and P. intermedia were the predominant organisms detected and consisted of more than 10% of the total anaerobic count.

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement and Distribution of Periodontal Diseases

Research paper thumbnail of The Bactericidal Action of Human Serum on Bacteroides Species

Journal of Medical Microbiology, Dec 1, 1984

Sera obtained from 60 healthy normal subjects were tested for their inhibitory action against fou... more Sera obtained from 60 healthy normal subjects were tested for their inhibitory action against four clinical isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group. All the sera inhibited clinical strains of B. vulgatus and B. ovatus, 92% of 60 sera inhibited B. thetaiotaomicron and 62% inhibited B. fragilis. Bacterial inhibition required components of uninactivated serum and was related to the serum concentrations and species of the bacteria. The viable counts of all the strains, except B. fragilis, were significantly reduced in pooled sera from patients with anaerobic systemic infections and from non-infected patients. The bactericidal activity of the sera from infected patients was more pronounced than that of the 'normal' sera, on all strains except B. fragilis. These observations may explain in part the predominance of B. fragilis in serious clinical infections involving anaerobes.

Research paper thumbnail of Overview and Quality Assurance for the Oral Health Component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-04

Journal of Public Health Dentistry, Sep 1, 2008

The 2003-04 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was a collaborative effort ... more The 2003-04 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was a collaborative effort involving 28 federal funding partners with the National Center for Health Statistics.

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis prevalence in adults ≥ 65 years of age, in the USA

Periodontology 2000, Aug 8, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Vital Signs: Racial Disparities in Age-Specific Mortality Among Blacks or African Americans — United States, 1999–2015

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, May 5, 2017

Background: Although the overall life expectancy at birth has increased for both blacks and white... more Background: Although the overall life expectancy at birth has increased for both blacks and whites and the gap between these populations has narrowed, disparities in life expectancy and the leading causes of death for blacks compared with whites in the United States remain substantial. Understanding how factors that influence these disparities vary across the life span might enhance the targeting of appropriate interventions. Methods: Trends during 1999-2015 in mortality rates for the leading causes of death were examined by black and white race and age group. Multiple 2014 and 2015 national data sources were analyzed to compare blacks with whites in selected age groups by sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported health behaviors, health-related quality of life indicators, use of health services, and chronic conditions. Results: During 1999-2015, age-adjusted death rates decreased significantly in both populations, with rates declining more sharply among blacks for most leading causes of death. Thus, the disparity gap in all-cause mortality rates narrowed from 33% in 1999 to 16% in 2015. However, during 2015, blacks still had higher death rates than whites for all-cause mortality in all groups aged <65 years. Compared with whites, blacks in age groups <65 years had higher levels of some self-reported risk factors and chronic diseases and mortality from cardiovascular diseases and cancer, diseases that are most common among persons aged ≥65 years. Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice: To continue to reduce the gap in health disparities, these findings suggest an ongoing need for universal and targeted interventions that address the leading causes of deaths among blacks (especially cardiovascular disease and cancer and their risk factors) across the life span and create equal opportunities for health.

Research paper thumbnail of Microbiota Associated with Loaded Dental Implants in Rhesus Monkeys

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Sep 1, 1997

... implant sites. This observation is consistent with our previous Reprints or correspondence:Dr... more ... implant sites. This observation is consistent with our previous Reprints or correspondence:Dr. Paul I. Eke, Emory University, Yerkes findings on the effects of scaling on the microbiota around Regional Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30322. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Letter to the Editor: Authors' Response

Journal of Periodontology, Jun 1, 2014

The aim of our paper was to describe what we believe was a case of xanthogranulomatous inflammati... more The aim of our paper was to describe what we believe was a case of xanthogranulomatous inflammation in the small bowel of a dog. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a well-documented, specific histopathological entity that has been described in detail in human literature 1-3,5-7 but not in veterinary literature. On the other hand, lipogranulomatous lymphangitis has been described in veterinary medicine as we made perfectly clear in our report, citing amongst others Dr. Van Kruiningen himself. The presence of aggregates of foamy cells intermingled with acute and chronic inflammatory cells, suppurative foci, necrosis, haemorrhages and neovascularization 1-3,5-7 distinguishes xanthogranulomatous inflammation from lipogranulomatous lesions, since lipogranuloma has been described to be devoid of a suppurative component 1,4. At no point did we ''pretend'' to have discovered a new disease and neither did we propose to rename a previously described disorder. A careful perusal of our report shows that Dr. Van Kruiningen's accusations are groundless and under the circumstances we see no reason to issue a retraction. .

Research paper thumbnail of Case Definitions for Use in Population-Based Surveillance of Periodontitis

Journal of Periodontology, Jul 1, 2007

Many definitions of periodontitis have been used in the liter ature for population-based studies,... more Many definitions of periodontitis have been used in the liter ature for population-based studies, but there is no accepted standard. In early epidemiologic studies, the two major peri odontal diseases, gingivitis and periodontitis, were combined and

Research paper thumbnail of Associations of self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with indicators of economic instability and stress – 16 states, 2017

Chronic Illness, Nov 23, 2021

Objectives To examine the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status and in... more Objectives To examine the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status and indicators of economic instability and stress to better understand the magnitude of these issues in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods Analyzed 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 16 states that administered the ‘Social Determinants of Health’ module, which included economic instability and stress measures ( N = 101,461). Associations between self-reported doctor-diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status and each measure were examined using multinomial logistic models. Results Adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were more likely ( p &lt; 0.001) than adults without to report not having enough money at month end (21.0% vs. 7.9%) or just enough money (44.9% vs. 37.2%); being unable to pay mortgage, rent, or utility bills (19.2% vs. 8.8%); and that often or sometimes food did not last or could not afford to eat balanced meals (37.9% vs. 20.6%), as well as stress all or most of the time (27.3% vs. 11.6%). Associations were attenuated although remained significant after adjustments for sociodemographic and health characteristics. Discussion Financial, housing, and food insecurity and frequent stress were more prevalent in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than without. Findings highlight the importance of including strategies to address challenges related to economic instability and stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management programs.

Research paper thumbnail of National, State-Level, and County-Level Prevalence Estimates of Adults Aged ≥18 Years Self-Reporting a Lifetime Diagnosis of Depression — United States, 2020

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Jun 16, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Annotation utilizations in customized SAS/Graph bar charts

Bar graphs are generated by using SAS/Gchart to present the distribution of health behaviors or h... more Bar graphs are generated by using SAS/Gchart to present the distribution of health behaviors or health outcomes among adults aged ≥18 years by selected characteristics and each of 50 states using 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS). Due to missing data or unreliable estimates of parameters, annotation facilities are utilized to make the charts more presentable by adding data labels and footnotes. Further, incorporating a SAS Macro variable into the program can definitely make the development of 50 charts for 50 states more achievable and efficient.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-reported Current or Prior Periodontal Disease Performs Moderately Well in Characterizing Periodontitis Status in Postmenopausal Women Who Receive Regular Dental Checkups

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice, Sep 1, 2015

Accuracy of self-reported periodontal disease in the Women&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;am... more Accuracy of self-reported periodontal disease in the Women&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s Health Initiative Observational Study. Lamonte MJ, Hovey KM, Millen AE, Genco RJ, Wactawski-Wende J.J Periodontol 2014; 85(8):1006-18. Paul I. Eke, PhD, MPH, PhD PURPOSE/QUESTION: The study examines the accuracy of self-reported periodontal disease in a cohort of post-menopausal women. Federal Government: NHLBI contract N01WH32122, NIDCR DE 13505 and DE04898, and US Army Reserve Medical Corps Grant DAMD17-96-1-6319. Cohort study Level 2: Limited quality, patient-oriented evidence Not applicable.

Research paper thumbnail of Geospatial distribution of periodontists and US adults with severe periodontitis

Journal of the American Dental Association, Feb 1, 2019

Background.In this study, the authors report on the geospatial distributions of periodontists and... more Background.In this study, the authors report on the geospatial distributions of periodontists and adults with severe periodontitis in the United States.Methods.The authors used geospatial analysis to describe the distribution of periodontists and adults, periodontists vis-à-vis estimated density of adults with severe periodontitis, and their ratios to adults with severe periodontitis. The authors identified locations of 5,415 practicing periodontists through the 2014 National Provider Identifier Registry, linked them with the weighted census number of adults, and estimated the number of adults within a series of circular distance zones.Results.Approximately 60% of adults 30 through 79 years lived within 5 miles of a periodontist, 73% within 10 miles, 85% within 20 miles, and 97% within 50 miles. Proximity to a periodontist varied widely. In urban areas, 95% of adults resided within 10 miles of a periodontist and 100% within 20 miles. Only 24% of adults in rural areas lived within 10 miles of a periodontist. Most periodontists (96.1%) practiced in urban areas, clustering along the eastern and western coasts and in the Midwest, 3.1% in urban clusters elsewhere, and 0.8% in rural areas. Ratios of fewer than 8,000 adults with periodontitis to 1 or more periodontists within 10 miles were clustered mostly in the Northeast, central East Coast, Florida, West Coast, Arizona, and Midwest.Conclusions.In this study, the authors identified wide variations in geographic proximity to a practicing periodontist for adults with severe periodontitis.Practical Implications.Dental practitioners may provide preventive care and counseling for periodontitis and referrals for specialty care. Geographic proximity to specialized periodontal care may vary widely by locality.

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic Conditions Among Adults Aged 18─34 Years — United States, 2019

MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Research paper thumbnail of Estimates of Economic Stability Among Adults with and Without COPD - 16 States, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis in US Adults

Journal of the American Dental Association, Jul 1, 2018

Background.This report presents weighted average estimates of the prevalence of periodontitis in ... more Background.This report presents weighted average estimates of the prevalence of periodontitis in the adult US population during the 6 years 2009–2014 and highlights key findings of a national periodontitis surveillance project.Methods.Estimates were derived for dentate adults 30 years or older from the civilian noninstitutionalized population whose periodontitis status was assessed by means of a full-mouth periodontal examination at 6 sites per tooth on all non–third molar teeth. Results are reported according to a standard format by applying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology periodontitis case definitions for surveillance, as well as various thresholds of clinical attachment loss and periodontal probing depth.Results.An estimated 42% of dentate US adults 30 years or older had periodontitis, with 7.8% having severe periodontitis. Overall, 3.3% of all periodontally probed sites (9.1% of all teeth) had periodontal probing depth of 4 millimeters or greater, and 19.0% of sites (37.1% of teeth) had clinical attachment loss of 3 mm or greater. Severe periodontitis was most prevalent among adults 65 years or older, Mexican Americans, non-Hispanic blacks, and smokers.Conclusions.This nationally representative study shows that periodontitis is a highly prevalent oral disease among US adults.Practical Implications.Dental practitioners should be aware of the high prevalence of periodontitis in US adults and may provide preventive care and counselling for periodontitis. General dentists who encounter patients with periodontitis may refer these patients to see a periodontist for specialty care.

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontal disease in non human primates ii microbiological studies

Research paper thumbnail of Transferable antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary-tract infections: hospital v. community patients

PubMed, Mar 1, 1984

In order to study the prevalence of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in E. coli causing uri... more In order to study the prevalence of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in E. coli causing urinary-tract infections (UTI) specimens of urine were obtained, from a total of 125 hospital and community patients, and examined bacteriologically and analysed. Thirty-nine (80%) of forty-nine, and thirty-three (65%) of fifty-one hospital and community patients respectively were infected by multiple resistant E. coli. Of these multiple-resistant strains more than three-quarters carried transferable R-plasmids. Antibiotic resistance was transferred en bloc or singly to known sensitive recipient mainly by conjugation by a technique that ensured cell-to-cell contact. Resistance markers in both the donor and the transcipient strains were eliminated by treatment with aminoacridine dyes and ethidium bromide. The result emphasises the need for bacteriological diagnosis of UTI and sensitivity testing prior to antibiotic therapy.

Research paper thumbnail of TABLE 31.6, Crude and Age-Standardized Prevalence of Any Root Fragments Among Adults Age ≥30 Years, by Diabetes Status, Glycemic Control Status, and Other Characteristics, U.S., 2009–2012

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical and microbiological observations of early polytetrafluoroethylene membrane exposure in guided bone regeneration. Case reports in primates

Journal of Periodontology, Mar 1, 1996

Premature membrane exposure at one week is described in 3 Macaca mulatta monkeys as part of a seq... more Premature membrane exposure at one week is described in 3 Macaca mulatta monkeys as part of a sequence of experiments on guided bone regeneration. Clinical sequelae include redness, edema, and tissue slough. Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Prevotella intermedia, and Staphylococcus intermedius were detected at all prematurely exposed sites. Pseudomonas maltophilia, Strepi, pneumoniae, and P. intermedia were the predominant organisms detected and consisted of more than 10% of the total anaerobic count.

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement and Distribution of Periodontal Diseases

Research paper thumbnail of The Bactericidal Action of Human Serum on Bacteroides Species

Journal of Medical Microbiology, Dec 1, 1984

Sera obtained from 60 healthy normal subjects were tested for their inhibitory action against fou... more Sera obtained from 60 healthy normal subjects were tested for their inhibitory action against four clinical isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group. All the sera inhibited clinical strains of B. vulgatus and B. ovatus, 92% of 60 sera inhibited B. thetaiotaomicron and 62% inhibited B. fragilis. Bacterial inhibition required components of uninactivated serum and was related to the serum concentrations and species of the bacteria. The viable counts of all the strains, except B. fragilis, were significantly reduced in pooled sera from patients with anaerobic systemic infections and from non-infected patients. The bactericidal activity of the sera from infected patients was more pronounced than that of the 'normal' sera, on all strains except B. fragilis. These observations may explain in part the predominance of B. fragilis in serious clinical infections involving anaerobes.

Research paper thumbnail of Overview and Quality Assurance for the Oral Health Component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-04

Journal of Public Health Dentistry, Sep 1, 2008

The 2003-04 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was a collaborative effort ... more The 2003-04 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was a collaborative effort involving 28 federal funding partners with the National Center for Health Statistics.

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis prevalence in adults ≥ 65 years of age, in the USA

Periodontology 2000, Aug 8, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Vital Signs: Racial Disparities in Age-Specific Mortality Among Blacks or African Americans — United States, 1999–2015

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, May 5, 2017

Background: Although the overall life expectancy at birth has increased for both blacks and white... more Background: Although the overall life expectancy at birth has increased for both blacks and whites and the gap between these populations has narrowed, disparities in life expectancy and the leading causes of death for blacks compared with whites in the United States remain substantial. Understanding how factors that influence these disparities vary across the life span might enhance the targeting of appropriate interventions. Methods: Trends during 1999-2015 in mortality rates for the leading causes of death were examined by black and white race and age group. Multiple 2014 and 2015 national data sources were analyzed to compare blacks with whites in selected age groups by sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported health behaviors, health-related quality of life indicators, use of health services, and chronic conditions. Results: During 1999-2015, age-adjusted death rates decreased significantly in both populations, with rates declining more sharply among blacks for most leading causes of death. Thus, the disparity gap in all-cause mortality rates narrowed from 33% in 1999 to 16% in 2015. However, during 2015, blacks still had higher death rates than whites for all-cause mortality in all groups aged <65 years. Compared with whites, blacks in age groups <65 years had higher levels of some self-reported risk factors and chronic diseases and mortality from cardiovascular diseases and cancer, diseases that are most common among persons aged ≥65 years. Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice: To continue to reduce the gap in health disparities, these findings suggest an ongoing need for universal and targeted interventions that address the leading causes of deaths among blacks (especially cardiovascular disease and cancer and their risk factors) across the life span and create equal opportunities for health.

Research paper thumbnail of Microbiota Associated with Loaded Dental Implants in Rhesus Monkeys

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Sep 1, 1997

... implant sites. This observation is consistent with our previous Reprints or correspondence:Dr... more ... implant sites. This observation is consistent with our previous Reprints or correspondence:Dr. Paul I. Eke, Emory University, Yerkes findings on the effects of scaling on the microbiota around Regional Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30322. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Letter to the Editor: Authors' Response

Journal of Periodontology, Jun 1, 2014

The aim of our paper was to describe what we believe was a case of xanthogranulomatous inflammati... more The aim of our paper was to describe what we believe was a case of xanthogranulomatous inflammation in the small bowel of a dog. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a well-documented, specific histopathological entity that has been described in detail in human literature 1-3,5-7 but not in veterinary literature. On the other hand, lipogranulomatous lymphangitis has been described in veterinary medicine as we made perfectly clear in our report, citing amongst others Dr. Van Kruiningen himself. The presence of aggregates of foamy cells intermingled with acute and chronic inflammatory cells, suppurative foci, necrosis, haemorrhages and neovascularization 1-3,5-7 distinguishes xanthogranulomatous inflammation from lipogranulomatous lesions, since lipogranuloma has been described to be devoid of a suppurative component 1,4. At no point did we ''pretend'' to have discovered a new disease and neither did we propose to rename a previously described disorder. A careful perusal of our report shows that Dr. Van Kruiningen's accusations are groundless and under the circumstances we see no reason to issue a retraction. .

Research paper thumbnail of Case Definitions for Use in Population-Based Surveillance of Periodontitis

Journal of Periodontology, Jul 1, 2007

Many definitions of periodontitis have been used in the liter ature for population-based studies,... more Many definitions of periodontitis have been used in the liter ature for population-based studies, but there is no accepted standard. In early epidemiologic studies, the two major peri odontal diseases, gingivitis and periodontitis, were combined and

Research paper thumbnail of Associations of self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with indicators of economic instability and stress – 16 states, 2017

Chronic Illness, Nov 23, 2021

Objectives To examine the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status and in... more Objectives To examine the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status and indicators of economic instability and stress to better understand the magnitude of these issues in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods Analyzed 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 16 states that administered the ‘Social Determinants of Health’ module, which included economic instability and stress measures ( N = 101,461). Associations between self-reported doctor-diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status and each measure were examined using multinomial logistic models. Results Adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were more likely ( p &lt; 0.001) than adults without to report not having enough money at month end (21.0% vs. 7.9%) or just enough money (44.9% vs. 37.2%); being unable to pay mortgage, rent, or utility bills (19.2% vs. 8.8%); and that often or sometimes food did not last or could not afford to eat balanced meals (37.9% vs. 20.6%), as well as stress all or most of the time (27.3% vs. 11.6%). Associations were attenuated although remained significant after adjustments for sociodemographic and health characteristics. Discussion Financial, housing, and food insecurity and frequent stress were more prevalent in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than without. Findings highlight the importance of including strategies to address challenges related to economic instability and stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management programs.

Research paper thumbnail of National, State-Level, and County-Level Prevalence Estimates of Adults Aged ≥18 Years Self-Reporting a Lifetime Diagnosis of Depression — United States, 2020

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Jun 16, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Annotation utilizations in customized SAS/Graph bar charts

Bar graphs are generated by using SAS/Gchart to present the distribution of health behaviors or h... more Bar graphs are generated by using SAS/Gchart to present the distribution of health behaviors or health outcomes among adults aged ≥18 years by selected characteristics and each of 50 states using 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS). Due to missing data or unreliable estimates of parameters, annotation facilities are utilized to make the charts more presentable by adding data labels and footnotes. Further, incorporating a SAS Macro variable into the program can definitely make the development of 50 charts for 50 states more achievable and efficient.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-reported Current or Prior Periodontal Disease Performs Moderately Well in Characterizing Periodontitis Status in Postmenopausal Women Who Receive Regular Dental Checkups

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice, Sep 1, 2015

Accuracy of self-reported periodontal disease in the Women&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;am... more Accuracy of self-reported periodontal disease in the Women&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s Health Initiative Observational Study. Lamonte MJ, Hovey KM, Millen AE, Genco RJ, Wactawski-Wende J.J Periodontol 2014; 85(8):1006-18. Paul I. Eke, PhD, MPH, PhD PURPOSE/QUESTION: The study examines the accuracy of self-reported periodontal disease in a cohort of post-menopausal women. Federal Government: NHLBI contract N01WH32122, NIDCR DE 13505 and DE04898, and US Army Reserve Medical Corps Grant DAMD17-96-1-6319. Cohort study Level 2: Limited quality, patient-oriented evidence Not applicable.

Research paper thumbnail of Geospatial distribution of periodontists and US adults with severe periodontitis

Journal of the American Dental Association, Feb 1, 2019

Background.In this study, the authors report on the geospatial distributions of periodontists and... more Background.In this study, the authors report on the geospatial distributions of periodontists and adults with severe periodontitis in the United States.Methods.The authors used geospatial analysis to describe the distribution of periodontists and adults, periodontists vis-à-vis estimated density of adults with severe periodontitis, and their ratios to adults with severe periodontitis. The authors identified locations of 5,415 practicing periodontists through the 2014 National Provider Identifier Registry, linked them with the weighted census number of adults, and estimated the number of adults within a series of circular distance zones.Results.Approximately 60% of adults 30 through 79 years lived within 5 miles of a periodontist, 73% within 10 miles, 85% within 20 miles, and 97% within 50 miles. Proximity to a periodontist varied widely. In urban areas, 95% of adults resided within 10 miles of a periodontist and 100% within 20 miles. Only 24% of adults in rural areas lived within 10 miles of a periodontist. Most periodontists (96.1%) practiced in urban areas, clustering along the eastern and western coasts and in the Midwest, 3.1% in urban clusters elsewhere, and 0.8% in rural areas. Ratios of fewer than 8,000 adults with periodontitis to 1 or more periodontists within 10 miles were clustered mostly in the Northeast, central East Coast, Florida, West Coast, Arizona, and Midwest.Conclusions.In this study, the authors identified wide variations in geographic proximity to a practicing periodontist for adults with severe periodontitis.Practical Implications.Dental practitioners may provide preventive care and counseling for periodontitis and referrals for specialty care. Geographic proximity to specialized periodontal care may vary widely by locality.

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic Conditions Among Adults Aged 18─34 Years — United States, 2019

MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report