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TY - JOUR AU - Spang, Anja AU - Saw, Jimmy H. AU - Jørgensen, Steffen L. AU - Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, Katarzyna AU - Martijn, Joran AU - Lind, Anders E. AU - van Eijk, Roel AU - Schleper, Christa AU - Guy, Lionel AU - Ettema, Thijs J. G. PY - 2015 DA - 2015/05/01 TI - Complex archaea that bridge the gap between prokaryotes and eukaryotes JO - Nature SP - 173 EP - 179 VL - 521 IS - 7551 AB - The origin of the eukaryotic cell remains one of the most contentious puzzles in modern biology. Recent studies have provided support for the emergence of the eukaryotic host cell from within the archaeal domain of life, but the identity and nature of the putative archaeal ancestor remain a subject of debate. Here we describe the discovery of ‘Lokiarchaeota’, a novel candidate archaeal phylum, which forms a monophyletic group with eukaryotes in phylogenomic analyses, and whose genomes encode an expanded repertoire of eukaryotic signature proteins that are suggestive of sophisticated membrane remodelling capabilities. Our results provide strong support for hypotheses in which the eukaryotic host evolved from a bona fide archaeon, and demonstrate that many components that underpin eukaryote-specific features were already present in that ancestor. This provided the host with a rich genomic ‘starter-kit’ to support the increase in the cellular and genomic complexity that is characteristic of eukaryotes. SN - 1476-4687 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14447 DO - 10.1038/nature14447 ID - Spang2015 ER -