Dr D A Gayan Nayanajith | University of Colombo, Sri Lanka (original) (raw)

Videos by Dr D A Gayan Nayanajith

The Monetary Board of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) has decided to pay an incentive of Rs.... more The Monetary Board of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) has decided to pay an incentive of Rs. 8.00 per US dollar for workers’ remittances, in addition to the existing incentive of Rs.2.00 under the “Incentive Scheme on Inward Workers’ Remittances”, when such funds are remitted through Licensed Banks (LBs) and other internationally accepted formal channels and converted into Sri Lankan rupees during the period from 01.12.2021 to 31.12.2021.

Accordingly, the total incentive for inward workers’ remittances converted into Sri Lankan rupees during the month of December 2021 will be Rs. 10.00 per US dollar.

The additional incentive provided by the CBSL is expected to attract more workers’ remittances to the country through the formal banking channels, thereby improving the foreign currency liquidity in the domestic foreign exchange market. At the same time, several measures are being taken by the CBSL and the law enforcement authorities to curtail informal fund transfer channels.

SENIOR FOREIGN NATIONALS are permitted to open and maintain following accounts in favour of senio... more SENIOR FOREIGN NATIONALS are permitted to open and maintain following accounts in favour of senior foreign nationals who are over 55 years of age and wish to a prolonged stay in Sri Lanka on resident visas under “Sri Lanka – My Dream Home programme” implemented by the Department of Immigration and Emigration (Implementing Agency) in their domestic banking units

Mobile Banking adoption research presentation for The Young Scientists’ Conference on Multidiscip... more Mobile Banking adoption research presentation for The Young Scientists’ Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (YSCMR) 2021 organized by the Young Scientists’ Association of the National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS-YSA) was held successfully on 21st October 2021. YSCMR 2021 was organized as a part of the 40th anniversary celebration of the NIFS. It is an Institute under the purview of the State Ministry of Skills Development, Vocational Education, Research & Innovation, Sri Lanka.

39 views

In terms of the Foreign Exchange (Opening and Maintenance of Accounts for the Purpose of Engaging... more In terms of the Foreign Exchange (Opening and Maintenance of Accounts for the Purpose of Engaging in Foreign Exchange Transactions) Regulations No. 5 of 2021 (the regulations) and Sections 9 of the Foreign Exchange Act, No. 12 of 2017 (FEA) read with Section 6 and 7 of FEA, Authorized Dealers (ADs) are permitted to open and maintain Emigrant’s Remittable Income Accounts (ERIAs) in the Domestic Banking Unit, for the purpose of repatriation of current income derived in Sri Lanka by an emigrant only if there is a regulatory requirement in the country where the emigrant is residing permanently, to identify the current income globally derived by such emigrant.

1 views

In terms of the Foreign Exchange (Opening and Maintenance of Foreign Exchange Accounts for the pu... more In terms of the Foreign Exchange (Opening and Maintenance of Foreign Exchange Accounts for the purpose of engaging in Capital Transactions) Regulations No. 02 of 2017 and Sections 9 (2) read Section 7 of the Foreign Exchange Act, No. 12 of 2017 (the Act). Banks are permitted to open and maintain Outward Investment Accounts (OIA) subject to the contents of this regulation and as permitted in the Foreign Exchange Regulation No 01 of 2017.

6 views

Hotel service providers registered with and licensed by the Sri Lanka Tourism development authori... more Hotel service providers registered with and licensed by the Sri Lanka Tourism development authority are hereby required to accept payments in respect of services rendered to persons resident outside Sri Lanka only in foreign exchange with effect from 21.01.2022

REFERENCE-GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA - No. 2263/41 - Friday, January 21, 2022

Companies incorporated in SL are permitted to open and maintain SFCA- Investee, in order to facil... more Companies incorporated in SL are permitted to open and maintain SFCA- Investee, in order to facilitate current transactions out of the proceeds received being an investments into the share capital of the company, so received from a person resident outside Sri Lanka (i.e. non-resident investors).

1 views

First International Conference on Management and Entrepreneurship (ICOME) 2022 hosted by Open Uni... more First International Conference on Management and Entrepreneurship (ICOME) 2022 hosted by Open University of Sri Lanka, has been conducted o 31.03.2022 of which the chief guest was Prof. Philip Kotler...https://ou.ac.lk/icome2022/

In terms of the (Remittance of Funds by Emigrants) FX Regulations No. 03 of 2021 (the regulations... more In terms of the (Remittance of Funds by Emigrants) FX Regulations No. 03 of 2021 (the regulations) and Sections 9 of the Foreign Exchange Act, No.12 of 2017 (FEA), read with Sections 6 and 7 of the FEA, Authorized Dealers (ADs/Banks) are permitted to open and maintain Capital Transactions Rupee Accounts (CTRAs) in the Domestic Banking Units.

This Virtual 3MT of the ICBI 2021 challenges, PhD/ MPhil/DBA learning parters to present a compel... more This Virtual 3MT of the ICBI 2021 challenges, PhD/ MPhil/DBA learning parters to present a compelling oral presentation on their scientific research and its significance concisely in just 3 minutes before an educated general audience. The objectives of the 3MT competition are to enhance academic, presentation, and research communication skills.

44 views

In terms of Section 09 of the Foreign Exchange Act No.12 of 2017 (the FEA), banks are permitted t... more In terms of Section 09 of the Foreign Exchange Act No.12 of 2017 (the FEA), banks are permitted to extend accommodations in FC from domestic banking units, to holders of Business Foreign Currency Accounts (BFCAs) to be utilized for given purposes.

BFCA Loan Accounts (BLA) shall be opened in the name of the borrower for disbursing/crediting the loan proceeds.

1 views

i. These Rules apply to all export proceeds received to SL on or after 28 Oct. 2021. ii. The... more i. These Rules apply to all export proceeds received to SL on or after 28 Oct. 2021.
ii. The Rules apply to all exporters of goods and services including professional/ vocational, occupational, and business services provided to persons resident outside SL by persons resident in SL. The accounts for receiving such proceeds could be maintained in the Domestic Banking Unit or FCBUs of Licensed Banks in SL.
iii. Proceeds of export bills purchases (bill discounting) deemed to be exp proceeds.
iv. Margin/commission income received by resident persons in respect of entrepot trade transactions are considered proceeds on export of services.
v. FC earnings such as agency commission received by resident freight forwarders as well as shipping/ airline agents are covered

1 views

In terms of the Foreign Exchange (Opening and Maintenance of Accounts for the purpose of engaging... more In terms of the Foreign Exchange (Opening and Maintenance of Accounts for the purpose of engaging in Foreign Exchange Transactions) Regulations No.05 of 2021 and Section 9 of the Foreign Exchange Act, No.12 of 2017 (the FEA), read with Sections 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the FEA,
Authorized Dealers (ADs) are permitted to open and maintain PFCAs, subject to the
following,

1.1 Eligible Persons

(a) An individual including a minor who is a Sri Lankan National;
(b) An individual of Sri Lankan origin including a minor who is a resident outside
Sri Lanka;
(c) A non-national resident in Sri Lanka including a minor;
(d) A non-national either on temporary visit to Sri Lanka or intending to visit
Sri Lanka; and
(e) An administrator or executor of the estate of a deceased person who maintained a
PFCA with an AD until the completion of the administration of the deceased
person’s estate.

1 views

Category of Persons eligible for BFCAs 1. Exporters of goods (Merchandise) 2. Exporters of pr... more Category of Persons eligible for BFCAs

1. Exporters of goods (Merchandise)
2. Exporters of professional services
3. Persons who engage in the business of Entrepot trade as intermediaries
4. Travel Agents and Tour Operators
5. Hotels and Restaurants
6. Gem and Jewelry Dealers
7. Foreign Employment Agencies
8. Freight Forwarders and Other logistic service providers licensed/authorized by
Director General of Merchant Shipping of Sri Lanka
9. Shipping Agents licensed/authorized by Director General of Merchant Shipping of
Sri Lanka
10. General Sales Agents licensed/authorized by Director General of Civil Aviation
Authority of Sri Lanka
11. Bunker operators licensed by the relevant line Ministry
12. Port Terminal Operators
13. Airline Terminal service providers
14. Food and Beverages suppliers to Shipping lines and Airlines
15. Duty free shops (who engage in permitted business to supply goods and services under
duty free concessions)

2 views

Prospective Investors and Professionals who come to SL under 'Resident Guest Scheme' implemented ... more Prospective Investors and Professionals who come to SL under 'Resident Guest Scheme' implemented by the Department of Immigration and Emigration (Implementing Agency), are permitted to open and maintain following accounts in Domestic Banking Units.

Special Deposit Account with an Additional Interest An opportunity for Sri Lankans and well-wis... more Special Deposit Account with an Additional Interest

An opportunity for Sri Lankans and well-wishers living in Sri Lanka and abroad to extend a gesture of goodwill towards Sri Lanka and its people

Main Features of the Special Deposit Account

Eligible Persons

a. A Sri Lankan individual resident in or outside Sri Lanka
b. Dual citizens
c. Citizens of other states with Sri Lankan origin
d. A non-national resident in or outside Sri Lanka
e. Funds, corporate bodies, associations incorporated/registered outside Sri Lanka.
f. Any other person as permitted by Regulations made under the Foreign Exchange Act, No. 12 of 2017.

In terms of the (Classes of Capital Transactions Undertaken in Sri Lanka by a Person Resident Out... more In terms of the (Classes of Capital Transactions Undertaken in Sri Lanka by a Person Resident Outside Sri Lanka) FX Regulations No. 02 of 2021 (the regulations) and Section 9 read with Section 6 and 7 of the Foreign Exchange Act, No. 12 of 2017 (FEA), eligible parties may open and maintain External Commercial Borrowing Accounts (ECBAs)

1 views

Following are permitted to open and maintain Inward Investment Accounts (IIAs) in the Domestic B... more Following are permitted to open and maintain Inward Investment Accounts
(IIAs) in the Domestic Banking Unit, subject to the following.

Eligible Persons

(a) A non- national, resident in or outside Sri Lanka.
(b) A Sri Lankan dual citizen, resident in or outside Sri Lanka.
(c) Sri Lankan national who has obtained Permanent Residency status or citizenship in
another country, resident in or outside Sri Lanka.
(d) A Sri Lankan citizen employed abroad, resident outside Sri Lanka (excluding emigrants).
(e) A company incorporated outside Sri Lanka.
(f) A partnership registered outside Sri Lanka.
(g) Country funds, Regional Funds, Mutual Funds, Unit Trusts and Foreign Institutional
Investors established outside Sri Lanka.
(h) An administrator or executor of the estate of a deceased person, who maintained an IIA
with an AD.
(i) A receiver or liquidator of a company that maintained an IIA with an AD

1 views

It is permitted to open and maintain DFCAs and DRAs, subject to the following, 1.1 Eligible P... more It is permitted to open and maintain DFCAs and DRAs, subject to the following,

1.1 Eligible Persons

(a) Foreign Diplomatic Missions;
(b) Diplomatic personnel who have been exempted from the requirement of obtaining resident visa issued by the Department of Immigration and Emigration; and
(c) Family members of Diplomatic personnel in Sri Lanka who have been exempted from the requirement of obtaining resident visa issued by the Department of Immigration and Emigration.

1.2 Opening and Maintaining the Accounts

(a) DFCAs and DRAs may be opened and maintained as savings, current (without overdrawing facility) or term deposit accounts in the domestic banking unit.
(b) DFCAs and DRAs may be maintained in any designated foreign currency and in Sri Lanka Rupees, respectively.
(c) DFCAs and DRAs maintained by individuals may be held as sole or joint accounts with another eligible person.

The Monetary board of the central bank of sri Lanka, acting in terms of the provisions of sec... more The Monetary board of the central bank of sri Lanka, acting in terms of the provisions of section 68 read in conjunction with the provisions of the section 10 (c) of the Monetary Law act, No. 58 of 1949, as amended, hereby issues Rules in respect of the receipt of export proceeds into sri Lanka and the conversion of such export proceeds into sri Lanka Rupees.

21 views

Accordingly, the total incentive for inward workers’ remittances converted into Sri Lankan rupees during the month of December 2021 will be Rs. 10.00 per US dollar.

39 views

1 views

6 views

REFERENCE-GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA - No. 2263/41 - Friday, January 21, 2022

1 views

44 views

BFCA Loan Accounts (BLA) shall be opened in the name of the borrower for disbursing/crediting the loan proceeds.

1 views

1.1 Eligible Persons

1 views

Category of Persons eligible for BFCAs 1. Exporters of goods (Merchandise) 2. Exporters of pr... more Category of Persons eligible for BFCAs

2 views

Special Deposit Account with an Additional Interest An opportunity for Sri Lankans and well-wis... more Special Deposit Account with an Additional Interest

An opportunity for Sri Lankans and well-wishers living in Sri Lanka and abroad to extend a gesture of goodwill towards Sri Lanka and its people

Main Features of the Special Deposit Account

Eligible Persons

1 views

Eligible Persons

1 views

It is permitted to open and maintain DFCAs and DRAs, subject to the following, 1.1 Eligible P... more It is permitted to open and maintain DFCAs and DRAs, subject to the following,

1.1 Eligible Persons

1.2 Opening and Maintaining the Accounts

21 views

Sampath Sandeshaya, 2023

INTRODUCTION: Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are digital versions of physical currency t... more INTRODUCTION: Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are digital
versions of physical currency that are being issued and
regulated by central banks (Auer et al., 2022; BIS,
2020). Correspondingly, they are considerably secure
and inherently not volatile, unlike crypto assets
(Barrdear & Kumhof, 2022). Although CBDCs have
gained the lime light as a new concept recently, they
have in fact been around for three decades. In 1993,
Bank of Finland launched the Avant smart card, an
electronic form of cash. Even though the system was
eventually dropped in the early 2000s, it can be
considered the world’s first CBDC (IMF, 2022). At
present, researches related to CBDCs proliferated
globally, prompted by technological advances and a
decline in the use of cash. Nowadays, Central banks all
over the world are exploring potential benefits and
means of improving the efficiency and safety of
payment systems (Auer et al., 2022).

Interdisciplinary Research in Education, 2021

E-learning adoption (AEL) is a contextual phenomenon. Therefore, this research attempted to ident... more E-learning adoption (AEL) is a contextual phenomenon. Therefore, this research attempted to identify the association of adoption constructs and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on AEL in Sri Lankan private international schools’ context. The sample consisted of students of three leading international school chains. Respondents were selected on multi-level cluster sampling method as per provinces/districts and major cities in which these schools are in operation. Overall, 450 questionnaires were distributed and 271 completed and returned questionnaires (60%) were considered for the final data analysis. A deductive methodology and quantitative method had been followed in the research. PBC factors were identified by conducting PCA. TAM, extended by using the PBC. The empirical evidence supported the positive relationship of adoption variable and PBC variable towards AEL by correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The presence of differences in AEL between the studen...

Disaster preparedness and readiness are important in institutions to prevent damage to property a... more Disaster preparedness and readiness are important in institutions to prevent damage to property and to safeguard the life of students. The purpose of this paper is to know the level of readiness of the public secondary school in Bangkok specifically in Wat Dusitaram Secondary School on disaster risk reduction and management. This study dealt with disaster risk reduction and management of the public secondary schools in Bangkok. It descriptive survey research which use the survey method of research. Data were gathered, tabulated and analyzed. The total respondents are from the regular teachers of Wat Dusitaram Secondary school where disaster risk reduction and management being measured. Female teachers dominated the total number of respondents. The teachers have a favorable attitude that serves as a second mother in school, and their knowledge and skills on disaster risk reduction management are being measured. The level of readiness and level of participation towards disaster risk reduction and management are used. All schools should be given drills and training on disaster risk reduction and management to develop their skills and knowledge when it comes to the disaster that may occur in school.

Vidyodaya Journal of Management, 2021

This study examines the relationship of perceived usefulness and perceived trust of e-services on... more This study examines the relationship of perceived usefulness and perceived trust of e-services on adopting e-banking in the context of Sri Lankan private commercial banks. Sample was drawn from the students of University of Kelaniya, those who are possessing e-banking facilities of private banks. Initially 500 questionnaires were distributed and 305 duly completed questionnaires were considered for the final data analysis process. Governing factors on perceived trust of e-services were identified by conducting principal component analysis. TAM has been extended by using the perceived trust of e-services. In order to test the hypotheses, correlation analysis followed by multiple regression analysis using hierarchical method along with diagnosis tests for outliers, residuals, influential cases, were performed whilst supplementary statistical tests, such as trend analysis and contrast test of ANOVA were also used for further analysis of demographic characteristics with special referenc...

Sri Lankan Journal of Technology, South Eastern University, SL, 2021

Mobile banking services enable customers to conveniently patronage financial services through sma... more Mobile banking services enable customers to conveniently patronage financial services through smart mobile devices. Present research analyses the effect of subjective norms and security aspects on mobile banking acceptance. University students who use mobile banking services have been considered for sample selection. Finally, completed 287 self-administered questionnaires were utilized for the data analysis process. Technology Acceptance Model has been adapted by means of incorporating the subjective norms variable and security of e-services variable. ANOVA, ANCOVA as well as Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) were considered in analyzing data. Formulated hypotheses of the study were supported by the results. Cross-sectional nature and restrains on sample selection were recognized as limitations. Findings would be beneficial for banks, mobile banking service providers/application developers, regulators and related stakeholders, alike. Contextual application of HLM analysis, incorporation of associated models, contribute to originality. In quest of knowledge in wide-ranging country, cultural and societal settings, future researches may integrate relevant theoretical models and diverse perspectives.

Vidyodaya Journal of Management, 2021

This study examines the relationship of perceived usefulness and perceived trust of e-services ... more This study examines the relationship of perceived usefulness and perceived trust of e-services on adopting e-banking in the context of Sri Lankan private commercial banks. Sample was drawn from the students of University of Kelaniya, those who are possessing e-banking facilities of private banks. Initially 500 questionnaires were distributed and 305 duly completed questionnaires were considered for the final data analysis process. Governing factors on perceived trust of e-services were identified by conducting principal component analysis. TAM has been extended by using the perceived trust of e-services. In order to test the hypotheses, correlation analysis followed by multiple regression analysis using hierarchical method along with diagnosis tests for outliers, residuals, influential cases, were performed whilst supplementary statistical tests, such as trend analysis and contrast test of ANOVA were also used for further analysis of demographic characteristics with special reference to respondents’ income levels. The empirical evidence supported two hypotheses indicating the positive relationships of perceived trust of e-services and perceived usefulness variables towards e-banking adoption. Furthermore, it was revealed that there are differences in adoption of e-banking with regard to several demographic variables. Third hypothesis stating the existence of differences in adoption of e-banking between lower income category customers and higher income category was also supported. Restricted sample selection and time restrictions are limitations. Nevertheless, extending of TAM in relation to present research context could be noted as the originality of the research. Findings would be beneficial for Sri Lankan bankers and banking application developers, alike. In conclusion, future research could be conducted in varied contexts in the field of technology adoption in search of novel findings.

Journal of Business and Technology, 2020

Challenging technology advancements necessitate robust macroeconomic performance to support overa... more Challenging technology advancements necessitate robust macroeconomic performance to support overall economic development. Within the service sector of the economy, one of the broadly studied areas of technological transformation is retail financial services; particularly consumer banking activities. Internet banking enables customers to experience a vast array of financial services through e-banking websites. Nonetheless, in practice; this phenomenon is contingent on the particular context. Hence, this research addresses the significance of subjective norms and perceived risk towards acceptance of consumer internet banking in the Sri Lankan context with special reference to private commercial banks. The sample was drawn from the students of the University of Kelaniya those who are participating in the weekend study programs. The students of the Doctor of Business Administration Course attached to the university were selected as enumerators for data collection. Data collected through self-administered questionnaires from the respondents. Initially, 400 questionnaires were distributed and 287 duly completed questionnaires were considered for the final data analysis. TAM has been extended using the subjective norms and perceived risk variables and dimensions of the variables were measured by a five-point Likert scale. Cronbach's alpha was used to check reliability. To test the hypotheses, ANOVA, ANCOVA, and multilevel linear models were used. The empirical evidence supported three hypotheses indicating the significance of the variables/constructs on the adoption of internet banking. In conclusion, the authors have presented several suggestions for research studies, in time to come.

Interdisciplinary Research in Education, 2021

E-learning adoption (AEL) is a contextual phenomenon. Therefore, this research attempted to ident... more E-learning adoption (AEL) is a contextual phenomenon. Therefore, this research attempted to identify the association of adoption constructs and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on AEL in Sri Lankan private international schools' context. The sample consisted of students of three leading international school chains. Respondents were selected on multi-level cluster sampling method as per provinces/districts and major cities in which these schools are in operation. Overall, 450 questionnaires were distributed and 271 completed and returned questionnaires (60%) were considered for the final data analysis. A deductive methodology and quantitative method had been followed in the research. PBC factors were identified by conducting PCA. TAM, extended by using the PBC. The empirical evidence supported the positive relationship of adoption variable and PBC variable towards AEL by correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The presence of differences in AEL between the students engaged in aesthetic subjects and science subject categories were also supported by the contrast test of ANOVA. ANCOVA revealed that the covariate; age was not significantly related to the student's AEL while the Hayes's process for moderation analysis has confirmed the relationship between PBC and AEL is being moderated by student's age.

SLJBF, 2020

Within the service sector, one of the widely studied areas of technological transformation is the... more Within the service sector, one of the widely studied areas of technological transformation is the retail financial services which includes consumer banking activities. Electronic banking facilitates bank customers to partake in a vast array of financial services through banks' official websites. However, the practical perspective of this phenomenon varies depending on the context. Hence, this study addresses the relationship of perceived ease of use (PEOU) and innovation characteristics (Innovation) towards adoption of consumer e-banking in the given context. Sample was drawn from the students of the Kelaniya University who are participating for the weekend study programs. The students of the doctor of business administration attached to the university were selected as enumerators for data collection. They have collected data through self-administered questionnaires from the respondents. Initially 225 questionnaires were distributed and 150 duly completed questionnaires were considered for the final data analysis. In this relational study, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been extended using the characteristics of innovations and dimensions of the variables were measured by five-point Likert scale. Reliability analysis was conducted to measure internal consistencies using Cronbach's alpha and validity aspects were also addressed, simultaneously. In order to test the hypothesis correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and further statistical tests were performed. The empirical evidence supported two hypotheses connoting the positive relationships of PEOU and Innovation towards adoption of e-banking. Furthermore, it was revealed that there are differences between demographic variables namely; age, income, education, occupation, banking experience and adoption of e-banking. In conclusion, researcher has presented several suggestions for e-banking service providers towards developing marketing strategies in considering perceived ease of use aspects along with innovation focus as a strategic tool.

JMTR, 2020

Technological advancements assist to simplify and considerably ease most of the time consuming ac... more Technological advancements assist to simplify and considerably ease most of the time consuming activities. Nowadays, most of the industries make use of innovative
technologies to uplift the services whilst improving the profitability, simultaneously.
Acceptance of tourism related technology (AoTT) advancements, is dependent on the
particular context. Hence, this research addresses the significance of types of subjective
norms (SN) towards intentions and actions on AoTT in the context of Sri Lanka. Sample
was drawn from the tourists boarded in the hotels of three reputed hotel chains. Selfadministered questionnaires were used for data collection (unit of analysis of the study
were the individual tourists those who are using tourism related technology).
Questionnaires totalling to 400 were distributed initially and 279 duly completed
questionnaires were considered for the final data analysis. Theory of reasoned action
(TRA) has been adapted for the study and dimensions of the variables were measured by
five-point Likert scale. Enabling to test the hypotheses, MANOVA, ANOVA with contrast
tests and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were applied. Empirical evidence
supported both the hypotheses indicating the significance of type of SN towards intentions
and actions on AoTT, specifying the importance of friends’ SN than that of SN driven by
family. Empirical evidences contribute to theoretical and practice perspectives, the same.
Finally, researcher has postulated suggestions for future researches in the area of AoTT.

ASEAN MRJ, 2020

Alongside the increasing usage of smart devices across the industries for the delivery of secure ... more Alongside the increasing usage of smart devices across the industries for the delivery of secure and efficient services, technology self-efficacy is an emerging research notion amongst the scholars. Present research analyses the effect of technology self-efficacy (TSE) and e-service quality (ESQ) towards adoption of smart banking (AoSB) in Sri Lankan commercial banking context. Sample was drawn from Kelaniya University students those who are using smart banking services. Data analysis was performed using 287 questionnaires by using hierarchical linear model. TAM has been extended using the TSE and ESQ variables. Empirical evidence supported the significance of ESQ, TSE and interaction effect (TSE and motive towards TSE) aspects on AoSB. Usage of only the quantitative methods and constrained sample were limitations of the study. However, findings are beneficial for banks, banking application and fintech developers, the same. Originality of the research is that the application of the hierarchical linear model and combination of TAM with variables adopted from SCT and SERVQUEL models, given the specific research context. Upcoming researches could be performed in different contexts by incorporating diverse models and perspectives.

Sri Lanka Journal of Marketig, 2019

Fast-paced expansion of information and communication technology (ICT) revolutionizes different f... more Fast-paced expansion of information and communication technology (ICT) revolutionizes different facets of contemporary human life and global economic landscape to a greater extent. Within technological transformation arena, retail financial services which includes retail banking activities performs a pivotal role. Technological advancement and internet facilities have demanded rapid changes radically in the financial services sector service delivery. E-banking facilitates bank customers to engage in an array of banking services via banks' official websites. Amidst these changes e-banking adoption has gained limelight as a researchable notion owing to challenges attributed in different markets and country contexts. This article review founded on the concept of e-banking adaption in line with theoretic and empirical discussions. Hence, literature review was exploited as the main research tool. Research paper attempted to introduce practice related insights by discussing cases that were found within the domain of e-banking adoption. Article is organized as a concept paper to emphasize some of the case evidences with special reference to consumer electronic banking whilst arguments have been supported empirically. Importance of customer awareness, innovativeness, service quality, trust and security aspects related to e-services and prioritizing of marketing to motivate adoption of e-banking solutions has been unveiled by the discussions. In conclusion, paper postulates directions for the future researches in line with empirical justifications.

OJTI, 2020

This study examines whether the online banking transaction values are being affected by the numbe... more This study examines whether the online banking transaction values are being affected by the number of visits made to the bank by the customers in the context of Sri Lankan commercial banks. Simultaneously, study analyses the differences/similarities in online banking transaction values performed by the groups of customers; specifically, amongst the control group and the other groups. Respondents were the students of Uwa Wellassa University those who are possessing online banking services of the selected commercial banks. According to the number of visits made to the bank, four groups consisting of 20 each, were formed and 80 questionnaires were used for data analysis. Conceptual model was designed incorporating the psychological concept of mere-exposure effect. Non-parametric, Kruskal-Wallis test used for the analysis and it was followed by pair-wise and step-wise step-down methods alongside the trend analysis using Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Empirical results supported both the hypotheses, subsequently. Restricted sample selection owing to time constraints is a limitation. Nevertheless, incorporation of non-parametric tests and mere-exposure effect in relation to present research context could be noted as the originality of the research. Findings would be beneficial for online banking services providers and policy makers, the same. In conclusion, it is suggested to conduct researches in varied contexts in the field of technology adoption by integrating related variables, moderators and mediators.

SAJST, 2020

Telebanking is a service provided by a bank or other financial institution, that enables customer... more Telebanking is a service provided by a bank or other financial institution, that enables customers to perform an array of financial transactions over the telephone. Telebanking offers convenience for customers while facilitating upliftment of customer service standards from the perspective of banks. Meanwhile, subjective norms refer to an individual's perception about the particular behaviour, which is influenced by the judgment of significant others. Similarly, adoption of innovative technologies, is driven by subjective norms, ease of use, behavioural intentions, among other factors. Effect of subjective norms on telebanking adoption intentions and actions, in the context of Sri Lankan private banks is being examined in this study. Respondents were the telebanking facility using students of Uwa Wellassa University. Finally, 279 duly completed questionnaires were considered for the data analysis. Theory of reasoned action used to postulate conceptual framework and dimensions of the variables were measured by five-point Lickert scale. Tests statistics of MANOVA, ANOVA with contrast tests and discriminant function analysis were used. Empirical evidence supported the significance of subjective norms towards intentions and actions on adoption of telebanking, specifying the importance of subjective norm of the friends, in particular. There were restrictions due to limitation of time and other resources and hence, future researches could be performed in different contexts with improved representation of the tele banking population of private commercial banks. Nevertheless, research findings could be used to uplift the status of self-service banking technologies promoted by commercial banks in Sri Lanka although the research has been conducted with special reference to telebanking since most of such services provides almost the similar facilities with different interfaces such as ATMs, telephones, smartphones, personal computers, tabs etc. As the results has emphasized the significance of the effect of subjective norms, commercial banks could make use of social pressure by way of focusing on influencing existing customers towards making referrals to their friends, family members and relations to canvass new customers for mutually rewarding long-term relationship. Finally, practical and theoretical contribution could be recognized by referring to research method and analysis tools given the particular context of the research.

AJBT, 2019

Research evaluates the effects of website user friendliness or in a broader sense: web usability ... more Research evaluates the effects of website user friendliness or in a broader sense: web usability (UF), perceived usefulness (PU) and interactions towards internet banking adoption in the context of Sri Lankan commercial banks and finance companies. Sample consisting 60 respondents, was drawn from the students of Uwa Wellassa University considering the simple random sampling method. Questionnaire survey was performed amongst each of 30 male and female respondents in which they were requested to rate nine internet banking websites of aforesaid institutions (segregated considering UF-very high/high/average and PU-very high/high/average attributes and designated nine websites as first being UF-very high and PU-very high and following the same sequence) out of total score of 100 with respect to adoption of internet banking services (AoIBS). TAM and E-SERVQUEL models have been adopted. Mixed design ANOVA was used as the primary analysis tool. Empirical evidence supported all the four hypotheses indicating the significance of levels of UF, PU and interactions on AoIBS. Non evaluation of sub interactions on UF * PU and Gender * UF * PU was a limitation of the present study. However, findings of the research would be beneficial in uplifting the status of internet banking adoption in Sri Lanka across the entire banking and financial institutions. Mixed ANOVA analysis and incorporation of aforementioned related models would contribute towards originality of the study. Similarly, future researches could be performed in different contexts alongside related variables in quest of innovative findings.

AJBTS, 2019

E-learning adoption (AEL) is a phenomenon that is contingent on the particular context. Thus, the... more E-learning adoption (AEL) is a phenomenon that is contingent on the particular context. Thus, the research endeavored to determine the association of innovation (INO) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) variables on AEL in the context of Sri Lankan private international schools. Quantitative methods together with correlation, ANOVA, ANCOVA, hierarchical regression, Hayes's process for moderation analyses were used. The empirical evidence supported the positive relationship of INO and PEOU variables towards AEL by correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Presence of differences in AEL between the students engaged in aesthetic subjects and science subject categories were also supported by contrast test of ANOVA. Results of ANCOVA revealed that the covariate; age was not significantly related to the student's AEL while the Hayes's process for moderation analysis has confirmed that the relationship between INO and AEL is being moderated by student's age. As a result of time and resource constraints, sample size has been restricted while the research is limited only to quantitative method. Limited number of researches are available in literature amalgamating technology acceptance model (TAM) along with additional variables in explaining AEL, given the rapid changes taking place in online education field. Nevertheless, combining a variable such as INO is the significance of the study to comprehend the present AEL in Sri Lankan context with special reference to private education institutions. In conclusion, suggestions are postulated for future researchers in the field of online education.

SAJST, 2019

Current research examines the relationship of perceived ease of use and perceived trust on adopti... more Current research examines the relationship of perceived ease of use and perceived trust on adopting computer aided learning in Sri Lankan context. Sample was drawn out of the students pertinent to the branches of three private international schools operating in Sri Lanka. In the very beginning, 500 questionnaires were distributed and ultimately 305 duly completed questionnaires were considered for the final data analysis. Contributory factors towards perceived trust were identified by conducting principal component analysis. TAM has been extended by using the perceived trust variable. Correlation analysis followed by multiple regression analysis using hierarchical method along with diagnosis tests for outliers, residuals, influential cases, were performed whilst supplementary statistical tests, such as trend analysis and contrast test of ANOVA have also been used for further analysis of demographic characteristics. Empirical evidences supported two hypotheses indicating the positive relationships of perceived trust and perceived ease of use variables towards adopting computer aided learning. Besides, it was revealed that there are differences between demographic variables. Third hypothesis asserting the existence of differences in adoption of computer aided learning between lower usage user category and higher usage category was also supported. Restricted sample selection owing to time restrictions are limitations. Nevertheless, extending the TAM in relation to present research context could be noted as the originality of the research alongside the identification and selection of perceived trust factors. Findings would be beneficial for e-learning service providers, school officials, students and education policy makers, the same. In conclusion, future researches could be performed in varied contexts in the field of technology adoption in search of diverse findings.

SAJST, 2019

Significance of perceived characteristics on intentions and actions towards technology-based self... more Significance of perceived characteristics on intentions and actions towards technology-based self-service banking adoption in Sri Lankan commercial banks is being examined in this research. Students of University of Kelaniya, who are in possession of self-service banking facilities have been selected as the respondents of this study. Properly completed 268 research questionnaires were considered for data analysis. Technology acceptance model and theory of reasoned action have been adopted in conjunction for the research and constructs of the variables were measured using a five-point Lickert scale. MANOVA test, ANOVA with contrast tests and discriminant analysis for differentiation of variates were also used as analysis tools. Empirical evidence of the study supported both the hypotheses suggesting the significance of perceived characteristics and specified the importance of perceived ease of use, particularly. Restrained sample was a limitation of the current study. Nonetheless, findings of the research would be advantageous in uplifting the level of self-service banking adoption within Sri Lankan commercial banks. Multivariate analysis, incorporation of models that explains human behaviour towards technology adoption would contribute to originality of the research. In conclusion, future researches extending to different contexts by integrating similar models are necessitated in search of afresh findings.

AJMS, 2019

Internet banking is most remarkable in consumer banking segment alongside the fast-paced financia... more Internet banking is most remarkable in consumer banking segment alongside the fast-paced financial innovations. In practical scenario, internet banking is a contextual phenomenon. Hence, this research endeavored to determine the association of adoption and perceived behavioral control (PBC) variables on adoption of internet banking in the context of Sri Lankan commercial banks. Sample was drawn from the customers of three of the leading private banks. Accounts opening officials were selected as enumerators and data collected through self-administered questionnaires. Initially 450 research questionnaires were disseminated and only 307 were considered for the final data analysis. Principal factors of PBC were identified by conducting principal component analysis. TAM was extended using the PBC and constructs of the variables were measured by five-point Lickert scale. Hypothesis testing was conducted by correlation analysis afterwards, multiple regression analysis using hierarchical method along with diagnosis tests for outliers, residuals, influential cases performed while supplementary statistical tests namely, trend analysis and contrast test of ANOVA, ANCOVA and Hayes's process for moderation analysis were simultaneously used for further analysis. Empirical evidences supported two hypotheses indicating the positive relationships of PBC and adoption, towards internet banking acceptance. Additionally, it was exposed that there are significant differences between demographic variables. Third hypothesis based on the presence of differences in adoption of internet banking between low income category customers as against higher income categories was also supported accordingly. Subsequently, ANCOVA test identified that the covariate; age was not significantly related to the respondents' internet banking acceptance whilst the moderation analysis has confirmed relationship between PBC and internet banking adoption is being moderated by the age of the respondent. As a final note, researchers have forwarded several suggestions for internet banking service providers and system developers towards developing marketing strategies to enhance the adoption of internet banking.

AJMS, 2019

Robust macroeconomic performance is essential for an economic growth and development alongside ch... more Robust macroeconomic performance is essential for an economic growth and development alongside challenging technology advancements. Within the service sector of the economy, one of the broadly studied areas of technological transformation is the retail financial services which includes consumer banking activities. Online banking enables customers to experience in a vast array of financial services through e-banking websites. Nevertheless, in practice; this phenomenon varies depending on the particular context. Hence, this research addresses the significance of subjective norms and security of e-services towards adoption of consumer online banking in the specified context. Sample was drawn from the students of the Kelaniya University those who are participating for the weekend study programs. The students of the doctor of business administration attached to the university were designated as enumerators of the data collection process. Data collection has been executed by way of self-administered questionnaires which were completed by the respective respondents. Initially 400 questionnaires were distributed and 287 duly completed questionnaires were considered for the final data analysis. TAM has been extended using the subjective norms and security of e-services variables and dimensions of the variables were measured by five-point Lickert scale. Reliability analysis was conducted to measure internal consistencies using Cronbach's alpha. In order to test the hypotheses anova, ancova and multilevel linear model used. The empirical evidence supported three hypotheses indicating the significance of the variables/constructs on adoption of online banking. In conclusion, researcher has presented several suggestions related to future researches on online banking adoption field.