Marcel Just | Carnegie Mellon University (original) (raw)

Papers by Marcel Just

Visual Information Processing, 1973

... Database: PsycINFO. [Chapter]. On the meeting of semantics and perception. Visual information... more ... Database: PsycINFO. [Chapter]. On the meeting of semantics and perception. Visual information processing. Clark, Herbert H.; Carpenter, Patricia A.; Just, Marcel A. Chase, William G., (1973).Visual information processing,. Oxford, England: Academic, xiv, 555 pp. Abstract. ...

Cognitive Psychology, 1976

... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Eye fixa... more ... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Eye fixations and cognitive processes. Just, Marcel A.; Carpenter, Patricia A. Cognitive Psychology, Vol 8(4), Oct 1976, 441-480. doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(76)90015-3. Abstract. ...

... Maria Braga TOMITCH (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina) Sharlene D. NEWMAN (Indiana Univ... more ... Maria Braga TOMITCH (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina) Sharlene D. NEWMAN (Indiana University-EUA) Patricia A. CARPENTER and Marcel Adam JUST ... & Petersen 1998; Brunswick et al 1999; Hagoort et al 1999; Shaywitz et al 2000; Waldie & Mosley 2000), and ...

Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 1974

ABSTRACT Examined how 24 undergraduates retrieved information from previously learned concrete or... more ABSTRACT Examined how 24 undergraduates retrieved information from previously learned concrete or abstract prose descriptions to determine whether concreteness facilitates memory retrieval in some way aside from organizing the material. Ss read thematically organized paragraphs that described either concrete or abstract referents. The concrete paragraphs described physical features of a person, while the abstract paragraphs described personality features. Ss were then timed while they decided whether subsequent test sentences were true or false of the description. Responses were faster for concrete paragraphs. Since both types of paragraphs had an equivalent degree of thematic organization, results indicate that concreteness provides mnemonic power above that provided by an alternative organizational factor like thematic structure. (French summary) (25 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Symbols and EmbodimentDebates on meaning and cognition, 2008

Neural embodiment of sentence and word meaning Symbols and Embodiment: Debates on meaning and cog... more Neural embodiment of sentence and word meaning Symbols and Embodiment: Debates on meaning and cognition (pp. 75-84) Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2001

We present a method for distinguishing two subtly different mental states, on the basis of the un... more We present a method for distinguishing two subtly different mental states, on the basis of the underlying brain activation measured with fMRI. The method uses a classifier to learn to distinguish between brain activation in a set of selected voxels (volume elements) during ...

Human Brain Mapping, 2015

Although enormous progress has recently been made in identifying the neural representations of in... more Although enormous progress has recently been made in identifying the neural representations of individual object concepts, relatively little is known about the growth of a neural knowledge representation as a novel object concept is being learned. In this fMRI study, the growth of the neural representations of eight individual extinct animal concepts was monitored as participants learned two features of each animal, namely its habitat (i.e., a natural dwelling or scene) and its diet or eating habits. Dwelling/scene information and diet/eating-related information have each been shown to activate their own characteristic brain regions. Several converging methods were used here to capture the emergence of the neural representation of a new animal feature within these characteristic, a priori-specified brain regions. These methods include statistically reliable identification (classification) of the eight newly acquired multivoxel patterns, analysis of the neural representational similarity among the newly learned animal concepts, and conventional GLM assessments of the activation in the critical regions. Moreover, the representation of a recently learned feature showed some durability, remaining intact after another feature had been learned. This study provides a foundation for brain research to trace how a new concept makes its way from the words and graphics used to teach it, to a neural representation of that concept in a learner's brain.

Advances in Psychology, 1989

Neuropsychologia, 2006

Higher levels of discourse processing evoke patterns of cognition and brain activation that exten... more Higher levels of discourse processing evoke patterns of cognition and brain activation that extend beyond the literal comprehension of sentences. We used fMRI to examine brain activation patterns while 16 healthy participants read brief three-sentence stories that concluded with either a literal, metaphoric, or ironic sentence. The fMRI images acquired during the reading of the critical sentence revealed a selective response of the brain to the two types of nonliteral utterances. Metaphoric utterances resulted in significantly higher levels of activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus and in bilateral inferior temporal cortex than the literal and ironic utterances. Ironic statements resulted in significantly higher activation levels than literal statements in the right superior and middle temporal gyri, with metaphoric statements resulting in intermediate levels in these regions. The findings show differential hemispheric sensitivity to these aspects of figurative language, and are relevant to models of the functional cortical architecture of language processing in connected discourse.

NeuroImage, 2011

Recent multivariate analyses of fMRI activation have shown that discriminative classifiers such a... more Recent multivariate analyses of fMRI activation have shown that discriminative classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVM) are capable of decoding fMRI-sensed neural states associated with the visual presentation of categories of various objects. However, the lack of a generative model of neural activity limits the generality of these discriminative classifiers for understanding the underlying neural representation. In this study, we propose a generative classifier that models the hidden factors that underpin the neural representation of objects, using a multivariate multiple linear regression model. The results indicate that object features derived from an independent behavioral feature norming study can explain a significant portion of the systematic variance in the neural activity observed in an object-contemplation task. Furthermore, the resulting regression model is useful for classifying a previously unseen neural activation vector, indicating that the distributed pattern of neural activities encodes sufficient signal to discriminate differences among stimuli. More importantly, there appears to be a double dissociation between the two classifier approaches and within- versus between-participants generalization. Whereas an SVM-based discriminative classifier achieves the best classification accuracy in within-participants analysis, the generative classifier outperforms an SVM-based model which does not utilize such intermediate representations in between-participants analysis. This pattern of results suggests the SVM-based classifier may be picking up some idiosyncratic patterns that do not generalize well across participants and that good generalization across participants may require broad, large-scale patterns that are used in our set of intermediate semantic features. Finally, this intermediate representation allows us to extrapolate the model of the neural activity to previously unseen words, which cannot be done with a discriminative classifier.